The Autism Binary: Finding the Cause and Cure
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Working with Students on the Autism Spectrum
Supporting students on the autism spectrum student mentor guidelines By Catriona Mowat, Anna Cooper and Lee Gilson Supporting students on the autism spectrum All rights reserved. No part of this book can be reproduced, stored in a retrievable system or transmitted, in any form or by means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or other wise without the prior permission of the copyright owner. First published by The National Autistic Society 2011 Printed by RAP Spiderweb © The National Autistic Society 2011 Chapters Introduction 3 1. Understanding the autism spectrum 4-9 2. Your role as a student mentor 10-15 3. Getting started 16-23 4. Supporting a student with Asperger syndrome to… 24-29 5. Useful resources 30-33 6. Further reading 34 7. Glossary of terms 35 1 2 Introduction These guidelines were initially prepared as a resource for newly appointed student mentors supporting students with autism and Asperger syndrome at the University of Strathclyde. This guide has been rewritten as a useful resource for any university employing and training its own student mentors, or considering doing so. Readers may reproduce the guidelines, or relevant sections of the guidelines, as long as they acknowledge the source. This new version was made possible by a grant from the Scottish Funding Council in 2009, which has supported not only this publication, but also a research project (led by Charlene Tait of the National Centre for Autism Studies, University of Strathclyde) into transition and retention for students on the autism spectrum, and the delivery of a series of workshops on this topic (jointly delivered by the University of Strathclyde and The National Autistic Society Scotland). -
The TEACCH Program in the Era of Evidence-Based Practice
J Autism Dev Disord DOI 10.1007/s10803-009-0901-6 ORIGINAL PAPER The TEACCH Program in the Era of Evidence-Based Practice Gary B. Mesibov • Victoria Shea Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009 Abstract ‘Evidence-based practice’ as initially defined in children with autism (e.g., Rogers 1998; Rogers and Vis- medicine and adult psychotherapy had limited applicability mara 2008). to autism interventions, but recent elaborations of the The initial definitions for EST in psychology were quite concept by the American Psychological Association (Am rigid (e.g., requiring evidence from at least two group Psychol 61: 271–285, 2006) and Kazdin (Am Psychol studies using randomized controlled trials or nine single- 63(1):146–159, 2008) have increased its relevance to our case studies, using a treatment manual, and employing a field. This article discusses the TEACCH program (of research design that demonstrated that the intervention which the first author is director) as an example of an being studied was better than another treatment [not just evidence-based practice in light of recent formulations of ‘no treatment’ or a ‘waiting list control group’]). These that concept. criteria, designed to evaluate adult psychotherapy, were not a particularly good fit for evaluating autism interventions Keywords TEACCH Á Evidence-based because of the relatively limited research base and the extremely heterogeneous population of people with autism, among other factors (Mesibov and Shea 2009) (The term Brief History of Evidence-Based Practice autism will be used from this point forward to mean all autism spectrum disorders.). The concept of evidence-based interventions began in the Actually, many psychologists chafed under the early field of medicine in the 1970’s and in recent years has been EST criteria, leading the American Psychological Associ- employed in many other disciplines. -
Gesnerus 2020-2.Indb
Gesnerus 77/2 (2020) 279–311, DOI: 10.24894/Gesn-de.2020.77012 Vom «autistischen Psychopathen» zum Autismusspektrum. Verhaltensdiagnostik und Persönlichkeitsbehauptung in der Geschichte des Autismus Rüdiger Graf Abstract Der Aufsatz untersucht das Verhältnis von Persönlichkeit und Verhalten in der Defi nition und Diagnostik des Autismus von Kanner und Asperger in den 1940er Jahren bis in die neueren Ausgaben des DSM und ICD. Dazu unter- scheidet er drei verschiedene epistemische Zugänge zum Autismus: ein exter- nes Wissen der dritten Person, das über Verhaltensbeobachtungen, Testver- fahren und Elterninterviews gewonnen wird; ein stärker praktisches Wissen der zweiten Person, das in der andauernden, alltäglichen Interaktion bei El- tern und Betreuer*innen entsteht, und schließlich das introspektive Wissen der ersten Person, d.h. der Autist*innen selbst. Dabei resultiert die Kerndif- ferenz in der Behandlung des Autismus daraus, ob man meint, die Persönlich- keit eines Menschen allein über die Beobachtung von Verhaltensweisen er- schließen zu können oder ob es sich um eine vorgängige Struktur handelt, die introspektiv zugänglich ist, Verhalten prägt und ihm Sinn verleihen kann. Die Entscheidung hierüber führt zu grundlegend anderen Positionierungen zu verhaltenstherapeutischen Ansätzen, wie insbesondere zu Ole Ivar Lovaas’ Applied Behavior Analysis. Autismus; Psychiatriegeschichte; Wissensgeschichte; Verhaltenstherapie; Neurodiversität PD Dr. Rüdiger Graf, Leibniz-Zentrum für Zeithistorische Forschung Potsdam, Am Neuen Markt 1, 14467 Potsdam, [email protected]. Gesnerus 77 (2020) 279 Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 01:45:02AM via free access «Autistic Psychopaths» and the Autism Spectrum. Diagnosing Behavior and Claiming Personhood in the History of Autism The article examines how understandings of personality and behavior have interacted in the defi nition and diagnostics of autism from Kanner and As- perger in the 1940s to the latest editions of DSM and ICD. -
The Effectiveness of Snoezelen in Reducing
234 The effectiveness of Snoezelen in reducing stereotyping in ARTICLE ORIGINAL adults with intellectual disabilities: a case study of Occupational Therapy intervention in multisensory stimulation rooms A eficácia do Snoezelen na redução das estereotipias em adultos com deficiência intelectual: um estudo de caso da intervenção da terapia ocupacional em salas de estimulação multissensorial* Ana Sofia Pinto Lopes1, Janine Vanessa Martins Araújo1, Marco Paulo Vieira Ferreira1, Jaime Emanuel Moreira Ribeiro2 http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2238-6149.v26i2p234-243 Lopes ASP, Araújo JVM,Ferreira MPV, Ribeiro JEM. The KEYWORDS: Stereotyped behavior; Intellectual disability; effectiveness of Snoezelen in reducing stereotyping in adults with Occupational Therapy. intellectual disabilities: a case study of Occupational Therapy intervention in multisensory stimulation rooms. Rev Ter Ocup Lopes ASP, Araújo JVM, Ferreira MPV, Ribeiro JEM. Univ São Paulo. 2015 May-Aug.;26(2):234-43. A eficácia do Snoezelen na redução das estereotipias em adultos com deficiência intelectual: um estudo de caso da ABSTRACT: There is little evidence of the effectiveness of intervenção da terapia ocupacional em salas de estimulação intervention in Snoezelen rooms in stereotyping reduction multissensorial. Rev Ter Ocup Univ São Paulo. 2015 in adults with intellectual disabilities. In this direction, the maio-ago.;26(2):234-43. present study sought to evaluate the relationship between this multisensory stimulation and stereotyping reduction RESUMO: Existem escassas evidências sobre a eficácia da in adults with intellectual disabilities. Through the case intervenção em salas de Snoezelen na redução de estereotipias em study methodology, the behavior of a subject was analyzed adultos com deficiência intelectual. Neste sentido, o presente estudo before, during and after the multisensory stimulation in pretendeu avaliar a relação entre esta estimulação multissensorial e Snoezelen rooms for ten biweekly sessions, lasting an hour a redução de estereotipias em adultos com deficiência intelectual. -
Autism Spectrum Disorder: an Overview and Update
Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Overview and Update Brandon Rennie, PhD Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities Division Center for Development and Disability University of New Mexico Department of Pediatrics DATE, 2016 Acknowledgements: Courtney Burnette, PHD, Sylvia Acosta, PhD, Maryann Trott, MA, BCBA Introduction to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) • What is ASD? • A complex neurodevelopmental condition • Neurologically based- underlying genetic and neurobiological origins • Developmental- evident early in life and impacts social development • Lifelong- no known cure • Core characteristics • Impairments in social interaction and social communication • Presence of restricted behavior, interests and activities • Wide variations in presentation DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria • Deficits in social communication and social interaction (3) • Social approach/interaction • Nonverbal communication • Relationships • Presence of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities (2) • Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, objects, speech • Routines • Restricted interests • Sensory* From Rain Man To Sheldon Cooper- Autism in the Media 1910 Bleuler • First use of the word autistic • From “autos”, Greek word meaning “self” 1943 Leo Kanner 1944 Hans Asperger 1975 1:5000 1985 1:2500 1995 1:500 “When my brother trained at Children's Hospital at Harvard in the 1970s, they admitted a child with autism, and the head of the hospital brought all of the residents through to see. He said, 'You've got to see this case; you'll never see it -
Neuro Tribes
NEURO SMARTER ABOUT PEOPLE WHO THE LEGACY OF ‘NeuroTribes is a sweeping and penetrating history, presented with a rare sympathy and sensitivity . it will change how you think of autism.’—From the foreword by Oliver Sacks STEVE SILBERMAN What is autism: a devastating developmental disorder, a lifelong FOREWORD BY disability, or a naturally occurring form of cognitive difference akin AUTISM to certain forms of genius? In truth, it is all of these things and more OLIVER —and the future of our society depends on our understanding it. TRIBES SACKS Following on from his ground breaking article ‘The Geek Syndrome’, AND HOW TO THINK Wired reporter Steve Silberman unearths the secret history of autism, THINK DIFFERENTLY long suppressed by the same clinicians who became famous for identifying it, and discovers why the number of diagnoses has soared in recent years. Going back to the earliest autism research and chronicling the brave and lonely journey of autistic people and their families through the decades, Silberman provides long-sought solutions to the autism puzzle, while mapping out a path towards a more humane world in which people with learning differences have access to the resources they need to live happier and more meaningful lives. NEUROTRIBES He reveals the untold story of Hans Asperger, whose ‘little professors’ STEVE SILBERMAN were targeted by the darkest social-engineering experiment in human history; exposes the covert campaign by child psychiatrist Leo Kanner THE LEGACY OF to suppress knowledge of the autism spectrum for fifty years; and casts light on the growing movement of ‘neurodiversity’ activists seeking respect, accommodations in the workplace and education, and the right to self-determination for those with cognitive differences. -
Overview of Biomedical Treatments Presentation
Folic Acid Decreases Risk of Autism 38%, if used early Schmidt et al 2013 – CHARGE study of 429 ASD families, 278 typical families Lower folic acid intake during first month of pregnancy in ASD moms (655 mcg vs 779); intake above 600 mcg associated with 38% decreased risk of ASD in children, and higher intake decreased risk more. Most important for mothers with MTHFR 677 C>T variant genotypes. Folic Acid decreases risk of ASD if taken near conception (cont.) Suren et al 2013 – study of 85,176 Norwegian children, including 270 with ASD. In children whose mothers took folic acid (400 mcg) between 4 weeks prior to conception to 8 weeks after conception, 0.10% (64/61 042) had autistic disorder, compared with 0.21% (50/24 134) in those unexposed to folic acid. 39% lower risk of ASD in those who took prenatal folic acid (400 mcg); Little benefit if taken after 8 weeks Overview of Dietary, Nutritional, and Medical Treatments for Autism James B. Adams, Ph.D. President’s Professor, Arizona State University President, Autism Society of Greater Phoenix President, Autism Nutrition Research Center Chair of Scientific Advisory Board, Neurological Health Foundation Father of a daughter with autism http://autism.asu.edu Our research group is dedicated to finding the causes of autism, how to prevent autism, and how to best help people with autism. Nutrition: vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, amino acids Metabolism: glutathione, methylation, sulfation, oxidative stress Mitochondria – ATP, muscle strength, carnitine Toxic Metals and Chelation Gastrointestinal -
Measuring the Effectiveness of Play As an Intervention to Support
Measuring the Effectiveness of Play as an Intervention to Support Language Development in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Hierarchically- Modeled Meta-Analysis by Gregory V. Boerio Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education in the Educational Leadership Program Youngstown State University May, 2021 Measuring the Effectiveness of Play as an Intervention to Support Language Development in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Hierarchically- Modeled Meta-Analysis Gregory V. Boerio I hereby release this dissertation to the public. I understand that this dissertation will be made available from the OhioLINK ETD Center and the Maag Library Circulation Desk for public access. I also authorize the University or other individuals to make copies of this thesis as needed for scholarly research. Signature: _______________________________________________________________ Gregory V. Boerio, Student Date Approvals: _______________________________________________________________ Dr. Karen H. Larwin, Dissertation Chair Date _______________________________________________________________ Dr. Patrick T. Spearman, Committee Member Date _______________________________________________________________ Dr. Carrie R. Jackson, Committee Member Date _______________________________________________________________ Dr. Matthew J. Erickson, Committee Member Date _______________________________________________________________ Dr. Salvatore A. Sanders, Dean of Graduate Studies Date ii © G. Boerio 2021 iii Abstract The purpose of the current investigation is to analyze extant research examining the impact of play therapy on the development of language skills in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As rates of ASD diagnoses continue to increase, families and educators are faced with making critical decisions regarding the selection and implementation of evidence-based practices or therapies, including play-based interventions, to support the developing child as early as 18 months of age. -
Autism Entangled – Controversies Over Disability, Sexuality, and Gender in Contemporary Culture
Autism Entangled – Controversies over Disability, Sexuality, and Gender in Contemporary Culture Toby Atkinson BA, MA This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Sociology Department, Lancaster University February 2021 1 Declaration I declare that this thesis is my own work and has not been submitted in substantially the same form for the award of a higher degree elsewhere. Furthermore, I declare that the word count of this thesis, 76940 words, does not exceed the permitted maximum. Toby Atkinson February 2021 2 Acknowledgements I want to thank my supervisors Hannah Morgan, Vicky Singleton, and Adrian Mackenzie for the invaluable support they offered throughout the writing of this thesis. I am grateful as well to Celia Roberts and Debra Ferreday for reading earlier drafts of material featured in several chapters. The research was made possible by financial support from Lancaster University and the Economic and Social Research Council. I also want to thank the countless friends, colleagues, and family members who have supported me during the research process over the last four years. 3 Contents DECLARATION ......................................................................................... 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................. 3 ABSTRACT .............................................................................................. 9 PART ONE: ........................................................................................ -
L Brown Presentation
Health Equity Learning Series Beyond Service Provision and Disparate Outcomes: Disability Justice Informing Communities of Practice HEALTH EQUITY LEARNING SERIES 2016-17 GRANTEES • Aurora Mental Health Center • Northwest Colorado Health • Bright Futures • Poudre Valley Health System • Central Colorado Area Health Education Foundation (Vida Sana) Center • Pueblo Triple Aim Corporation • Colorado Cross-Disability Coalition • Rural Communities Resource Center • Colorado Latino Leadership, Advocacy • Southeast Mental Health Services and Research Organization • The Civic Canopy • Cultivando • The Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and • Eagle County Health and Human Transgender Community Center of Services Colorado • El Centro AMISTAD • Tri-County Health Network • El Paso County Public Health • Warm Cookies of the Revolution • Hispanic Affairs Project • Western Colorado Area Health Education Center HEALTH EQUITY LEARNING SERIES Lydia X. Z. Brown (they/them) • Activist, writer and speaker • Past President, TASH New England • Chairperson, Massachusetts Developmental Disabilities Council • Board member, Autism Women’s Network ACCESS NOTE Please use this space as you need or prefer. Sit in chairs or on the floor, pace, lie on the floor, rock, flap, spin, move around, step in and out of the room. CONTENT/TW I will talk about trauma, abuse, violence, and murder of disabled people, as well as forced treatment and institutions, and other acts of violence, including sexual violence. Please feel free to step out of the room at any time if you need to. BEYOND SERVICE -
Becoming Autistic: How Do Late Diagnosed Autistic People
Becoming Autistic: How do Late Diagnosed Autistic People Assigned Female at Birth Understand, Discuss and Create their Gender Identity through the Discourses of Autism? Emily Violet Maddox Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Sociology and Social Policy September 2019 1 Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................... 5 ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................................. 7 CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................................................. 8 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 8 1.1 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................................ 8 1.2 TERMINOLOGY ................................................................................................................................................ 14 1.3 OUTLINE OF CHAPTERS .................................................................................................................................... -
Autism Speaks 2021 Speaker Bios
Autism Awareness Interagency Roundtable April 2, 2021 SPEAKER BIOS Autism Speaks Pamela Dixon, PhD Director, Clinical Services and Inclusion [email protected] Dr. Pamela Dixon’s Autism Speaks portfolio includes serving as the technical lead for the Caregiver Skills Training Program (CST), the Autism Speaks/WHO collaboration that provides training to caregivers of children with developmental delay/disorders. Dr. Dixon also participates in the design and implementation of training materials for Global Autism Public Health (GAPH) initiatives and manages a global advocate network. As a clinical psychologist, Dr. Dixon’s previous work focused on leading clinics in the development of autism diagnostic services. Her research and clinical interests are in building capacity for the improved identification and treatment of children with neurodevelopmental disorders in low-resource settings. Arun Karpur, MD, MPH Director, Data Science and Evaluation Research [email protected] Dr. Arun Karpur is a medical doctor and an epidemiologist specializing in education, healthcare and workforce programs, and policies for people with disabilities and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Leveraging his extensive expertise in quantitative methods, Dr. Karpur is establishing data science approach in identifying effective practices and programs improving health, well-being, community living, and participation. He is directing evaluation of various Autism Speaks initiatives in public health and supports and services teams. Prior to joining Autism Speaks, Dr. Karpur was a research faculty at Cornell University’s School of Industrial and Labor Relations in the Yang-Tan Institute on Employment and Disability, where he was a co-investigator for a large-scale randomized clinical trial program aimed to improve employment, education, and economic outcomes for youth with disabilities who receive supplemental security insurance.