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E-Magazine NAYS PROMOTING SCIENCE ISSUE 3 February –April 2013 e-Magazine NAYS PROMOTING SCIENCE Health Care System of Pakistan…………03 Biodiversity for Sustainability……..…..08 Safety and Security of Pakistan’s Nuclear Program………...13 Wireless Drug De- livery System……...17 NAYS e-Magazine, Issue 3, February—April 2013 Editorial The Universe is immeasurable with no definite boundaries. Although human knowledge is limited with respect to the actual universe, we like to say HELLO NEIGHBOUR to galaxies next to us. The scientists are struggling day in, day out to find out new worlds leading to the discovery of a new galaxy near our ‘Milky Way’. With Hubble Space Telescope scientists have spotted many new galaxies so far off that they appear to be 400 million years, after big bang event. According to astronomers, it is hard to find these small galaxies near Milky Way as they are distant, faint and could be anywhere in universe. Leo P is a small galaxy in vicinity of Milky Way at a distance of about five or six million light-years discussed for the first time in astronomical journal May 2013. It was first spotted as a cloud of hydrogen gas with hundreds to thousands stars as compared to Milky Way having thousands to billions stars. It contains a number of bright, blue, newly formed stars as well as a region of ionized gas that indicates the presence of a luminous young star. Indeed, the “P” in the galaxy’s name stands for “Pristine”, rest refers to the galaxy’s location in the constellation Leo as viewed from Earth, discoverer state. In a nutshell, the discovery makes one think of several small galaxies waiting to be revealed in inexhaustible universe. TEAM NAYS e-MAGAZINE Editor-in-Chief Physics Data Managers Attia Razzaq Zahoor Ali Khalid Iqbal University of the Punjab, Pakistan Senior Scientist M.Phil student Pharmaceutics UMC St. Radboud, The Netherlands PAEC, Pakistan University of the Punjab, Pakistan [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] IT Editor Biomedical Sciences Muhammad Javed Hassan Muhammad Sughis Ubaid Umar PhD Agriculture PhD Biomedical Sciences MS Student (EME College, NUST) Bahauddin Zikria University, Multan, Pakistan Center of Research for Public Health & the Health Operations Engineer (Nayatel) [email protected] Journal, Pakistan [email protected] [email protected] Reviewers Aneela Yasmeen Data Collector Biology University of the Punjab, Pakistan Seema Adil Dr. Muhammad Amjad Ali [email protected] B.S student Biochemistry PhD Biology University of Karachi, Pakistan UFT-BOKU, Austria Suha Tirmizi [email protected] [email protected] Research Officer AKDN eHealth Resource Center Biography of Eminent Scientist Engineering Aga Khan University Karachi NAYS Publications Malik Waqas Ahmed [email protected] [email protected] Civil Engineer [email protected] NUST, Pakistan [email protected] Naey Charagh Report Dr. Aneela Karim NAYS Naey Charagh team Assistant Professor Campus Corner Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technol- Subject Editors Mirza Abdul Aleem Baig ogy Research Assistant, [email protected] Botany College of Biomedical Engineering, Dr. Mehmooda Munazir Ziauddin University, Karachi Aftab Ahmad PhD Scholar, Arid Agriculture University, RWP [email protected] School of Biological Sciences, Kings College London, UK University of the Punjab, Pakistan [email protected] Workshop/Conference Corner [email protected] Audience portion Leadership Patron President Vice President Mr. Aftab Ahmad Prof. Dr. Anwar Nasim Dr. S.M. Shahid School of Biological Sciences, (KIBGE), University of Karachi University of the Punjab, Lahore [email protected] [email protected] Page 2 NAYS e-Magazine, Issue 3, February—April 2013 Automatic Watering System for Plants Arsalan Shakil Electronics Engineering/Plant Sciences Engineering hobbyist (Govt. College, Nazimabad, KHI) [email protected] Everyone loves gardening as this is one of the and adapting advance technologies so why gar- into the ADC (Analogue to Digital Converter) things which make our lives delightful by its dening has to be left behind? channels of microcontroller where these read- fragrance and appearance. As we take our very That’s why I thought of making a project which ings are processed and if necessary, it turns ON/ first step outside of our room or house in the can give plants or even an entire garden free- OFF the water pump and that not only saves lot morning, our breaths get filled with the aroma of water but also lives of some of all kinds of flowers and then our eyes get sensitive plants. As this project captivated by the beauty of mother nature. Un- uses Microcontroller, analogue fortunately, this beauty depends on humans! It readings can easily be tweaked requires very short amount of time from us in with respect to different kinds order to look good and to live longer. As we of plants (if necessary). This believe that “time is money” so it has become project is also equipped with an quite hard for us to spend our time for some LCD module which gives a new activities other than our routine work. In more way to humans for interacting formal words, everything is changing rapidly with the plants more freely, all of the process can be seen on the LCD display, as: 1. Water Level: Excellent! 2. Water Level: Good! 3. Water Level: Normal! 4. Water Level: Water is dom to live on their own. Existing watering Needed! (This message turns on the water systems water the plants according to the time, pump and it stays on unless first level is just like alarm clock. That doesn’t work well reached). during different seasons because soil dries more This project consists of the following parts: quickly in summer and less in winter which Microcontroller, 16x2 LCD Display, Two Metal results in over watering, thus most plants die. In Probes (for taking readings from the soil), this Automatic Watering System, precise ana- Small Water Pump, Small pipes for watering logue readings are taken from the soil of plants purpose, 12V DC Adaptor (entire system is with the help of two metal probes that stay operated at just 12V). deeper in the soil. Then these readings are fed Pharmacists: The Health Care System of Pakistan Umer Mir General Pharm D Dawn news reported: 1. LAHORE, March 21: The World Health Organization (WHO), too, has blamed ISOTAB for the death of more than 200 patients of the Punjab Institute of Cardiology in Lahore in early 2012 2. Tyno death toll rises to 17, samples ‘cleared’ 3. LAHORE: At least 16 people, mostly drug addicts seeking a fix, have died after drinking toxic cough syrup in Gujranwala, officials said Saturday Any one has time to think about the cause of these accidents in Pakistan? Why these are only happening in Pakistan? OR there is negli- gence? Page 3 NAYS e-Magazine, Issue 3, February—April 2013 A step forward going towards the diagnosis of the medicines. Hospital pharmacists are also impairment. this situation in Pakistan, I will point out one involved in educating the physicians, nurses, 5. Maintain drug therapy for effectiveness or major lapse in our system, which is the absence staff and patients about the use, safety and ad- adverse effects in order to determine of pharmacist in different fields of health care ministration of drugs. Here the most important whether to maintain, modify or discon- system. Let us discuss the first one which is the segment is the counseling of patient about the tinue. Also counsels the patient and evalu- biggest one, happened in PIC Lahore, when we medication. For example how to take medi- ate the effectiveness of drug therapy. discuss the drug therapies, we must think about cine?, either with water or milk?, after how If govt. appoint clinical pharmacists in hospi- the clinical pharmacist which plays a vital role many hours?, which food you can take and tals then we can achieve these benefits. as a team member in hospital. In all developed which food u can’t take?, either before the meal Community pharmacy is a pharmacy in com- countries clinical pharmacists are working as or after meal?, which adverse drugs effects are munity, where a competent, qualified and therapeutic specialists. In PIC there was no possible? which medication is for which pur- trained pharmacist is appointed. This pharmacy clinical pharmacist to check the adverse drug pose? and how long the therapy will be contin- has the family history of patient, while pharma- actions and to correlate these reactions with ued. Pharmacist welcomes the queries and give cist is well aware of the allergies of the different the toxic symptoms of different drugs. If answers to the patient and satisfy patient psy- families. So at community pharmacy phar- clinical pharmacists were there then the death chologically. Drug information centre and macist can best manage chronic diseases like toll may have been remained very low. poison control centre are the modifications. diabetes and hypertension. Community nd rd Drug information centre provides any informa- Now come towards the 2 and 3 cases. Both pharmacist can also educate people about the tion related to drug. And in near future inshAl- were because of the cough suppressant drug disease, how they spread and prevention. For lah UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA, FAC- dextrometharphan . This is a cough suppressant this purpose pharmacist can also arrange discus- ULTY OF PHARMACY will establish drug and is available without prescription (OTC-over sion sessions with people of community. Also information centre. You can call there, if u has a the counter). This drug is used for the relief of pharmacists play their active role in immuniza- query related to medicine. Poison control centre the symptoms of cough, and it is also used as tion.
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