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14 Indian Navy
Indian Navy Module - IV Armed Forces Today 14 Note INDIAN NAVY The Indian Navy is the maritime arm of the Indian armed forces; it protects and secures the Indian maritime borders. It also protects Indian shipping in the Indian Ocean region. It is one of the world's largest Navies in terms of both personnel and naval vessels. India has a rich maritime heritage that dates back thousands of years. The beginning of India's maritime history dates back to 3000 BC. During this time, the inhabitants of Indus Valley Civilisation had maritime trade link with Mesopotamia. The discovery of a tidal dock at Lothal in Gujarat is proof of India's ancient maritime tradition. The mention of the Department of Navadhyaksha or Superindent of Ships in Kautilya's treatise Arthasastra highlights the development of maritime commerce. The ancient Tamil empire of the Cholas in the south, and the Marathas and the Zamorins of Kerala during the 16th and 17th centuries maintained naval fleets. You have read about all this in the previous lesson on 'Ancient Armies'. Objectives After studying this lesson, you will be able to: explain the origin and evolution of the Indian Navy; outline the role and responsibilities of the Indian Navy; indicate the organisational structure of the Indian Navy and identify the different branches of Indian Navy. 14.1 Origin and Evolution of Indian Navy (a) The history of the Indian Navy can be traced back to 1612 when Captain Best encountered and defeated the Portuguese. It was responsible for the protection of the East India Company's trade in the Gulf of Cambay and the river mouths of the Tapti and Narmada. -
Living Under Drones Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians from US Drone Practices in Pakistan
Fall 08 September 2012 Living Under Drones Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians From US Drone Practices in Pakistan International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Clinic Stanford Law School Global Justice Clinic http://livingunderdrones.org/ NYU School of Law Cover Photo: Roof of the home of Faheem Qureshi, a then 14-year old victim of a January 23, 2009 drone strike (the first during President Obama’s administration), in Zeraki, North Waziristan, Pakistan. Photo supplied by Faheem Qureshi to our research team. Suggested Citation: INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION CLINIC (STANFORD LAW SCHOOL) AND GLOBAL JUSTICE CLINIC (NYU SCHOOL OF LAW), LIVING UNDER DRONES: DEATH, INJURY, AND TRAUMA TO CIVILIANS FROM US DRONE PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN (September, 2012) TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I ABOUT THE AUTHORS III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS V INTRODUCTION 1 METHODOLOGY 2 CHALLENGES 4 CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT 7 DRONES: AN OVERVIEW 8 DRONES AND TARGETED KILLING AS A RESPONSE TO 9/11 10 PRESIDENT OBAMA’S ESCALATION OF THE DRONE PROGRAM 12 “PERSONALITY STRIKES” AND SO-CALLED “SIGNATURE STRIKES” 12 WHO MAKES THE CALL? 13 PAKISTAN’S DIVIDED ROLE 15 CONFLICT, ARMED NON-STATE GROUPS, AND MILITARY FORCES IN NORTHWEST PAKISTAN 17 UNDERSTANDING THE TARGET: FATA IN CONTEXT 20 PASHTUN CULTURE AND SOCIAL NORMS 22 GOVERNANCE 23 ECONOMY AND HOUSEHOLDS 25 ACCESSING FATA 26 CHAPTER 2: NUMBERS 29 TERMINOLOGY 30 UNDERREPORTING OF CIVILIAN CASUALTIES BY US GOVERNMENT SOURCES 32 CONFLICTING MEDIA REPORTS 35 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS -
Group Identity and Civil-Military Relations in India and Pakistan By
Group identity and civil-military relations in India and Pakistan by Brent Scott Williams B.S., United States Military Academy, 2003 M.A., Kansas State University, 2010 M.M.A., Command and General Staff College, 2015 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Security Studies College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2019 Abstract This dissertation asks why a military gives up power or never takes power when conditions favor a coup d’état in the cases of Pakistan and India. In most cases, civil-military relations literature focuses on civilian control in a democracy or the breakdown of that control. The focus of this research is the opposite: either the returning of civilian control or maintaining civilian control. Moreover, the approach taken in this dissertation is different because it assumes group identity, and the military’s inherent connection to society, determines the civil-military relationship. This dissertation provides a qualitative examination of two states, Pakistan and India, which have significant similarities, and attempts to discern if a group theory of civil-military relations helps to explain the actions of the militaries in both states. Both Pakistan and India inherited their military from the former British Raj. The British divided the British-Indian military into two militaries when Pakistan and India gained Independence. These events provide a solid foundation for a comparative study because both Pakistan’s and India’s militaries came from the same source. Second, the domestic events faced by both states are similar and range from famines to significant defeats in wars, ongoing insurgencies, and various other events. -
Book Pakistanonedge.Pdf
Pakistan Project Report April 2013 Pakistan on the Edge Copyright © Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, 2013 Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses No.1, Development Enclave, Rao Tula Ram Marg, Delhi Cantt., New Delhi - 110 010 Tel. (91-11) 2671-7983 Fax.(91-11) 2615 4191 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.idsa.in ISBN: 978-93-82512-02-8 First Published: April 2013 Cover shows Data Ganj Baksh, popularly known as Data Durbar, a Sufi shrine in Lahore. It is the tomb of Syed Abul Hassan Bin Usman Bin Ali Al-Hajweri. The shrine was attacked by radical elements in July 2010. The photograph was taken in August 2010. Courtesy: Smruti S Pattanaik. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this Report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute or the Government of India. Published by: Magnum Books Pvt Ltd Registered Office: C-27-B, Gangotri Enclave Alaknanda, New Delhi-110 019 Tel.: +91-11-42143062, +91-9811097054 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.magnumbooks.org All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, sorted in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA). Contents Preface 5 Abbreviations 7 Introduction 9 Chapter 1 Political Scenario: The Emerging Trends Amit Julka, Ashok K. Behuria and Sushant Sareen 13 Chapter 2 Provinces: A Strained Federation Sushant Sareen and Ashok K. Behuria 29 Chapter 3 Militant Groups in Pakistan: New Coalition, Old Politics Amit Julka and Shamshad Ahmad Khan 41 Chapter 4 Continuing Religious Radicalism and Ever Widening Sectarian Divide P. -
Malala Yousafzai
Malala Yousafzai (born 12 July 1997) is a Pakistani school pupil and education activist from the town of Mingora in the Swat District of Pakistan's northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. She is known for her activism for rights to education and for women, especially in the Swat Valley, where the Taliban had at times banned girls from attending school. In early 2009, at the age of 11–12, Malala wrote a blog under a pseudonym for the BBC detailing her life under Taliban rule, their attempts to take control of the valley, and her views on promoting education for 22 girls. The following summer, a New York Times documentary by journalist Adam B. Ellick was filmed about her life as the Pakistani military intervened in the region, culminating in the Second Battle of Swat. Malala rose in prominence, giving interviews in print and on television, and she was nominated for the International Children's Peace Prize by South African activist Desmond Tutu. In the afternoon of Tuesday, 9 October 2012, Malala boarded her school bus in the northwest Pakistani district of Swat. A gunman asked for Malala by name, then pointed a Colt 45 at her and fired three shots. One bullet hit the left side of Malala's forehead, traveled under her skin the length of her face and then into her shoulder. Malala Day On 12 July 2013, Yousafzai's 16th birthday, she spoke at the UN to call for worldwide access to education. The UN dubbed the event "Malala Day".[89] It was her first public speech since the attack,[90] leading the first ever Youth Takeover of the UN, with an audience of over 500 young education advocates from around the world. -
Conteporarary Counter Terrorim in Pakistan and Its Efficacy
South Asian Studies A Research Journal of South Asian Studies Vol. 34, No. 1, January – June, 2019, pp. 103 – 123 Conteporarary Counter Terrorim in Pakistan and its Efficacy. Sanwal Hussain Kharl China University of Geosciences, China. Khizar Abbass Bhatti China University of Geosciences, China. Khalid Manzoor Butt Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan. Xiaoqing Xie China University of Geosciences, China. ABSTRACT The study aims to express counter-terrorism situation in Pakistan where terrorism has prevailed in last two decades. There have been more than 100,000 fatalities, the government bears 126 billion US dollars financially, 92 billion US dollars in terms of indirect losses and overall an estimated 10 million people nationally are affected by terrorism. NACTA was formed under National Action Plan to counter terrorism, it was the first step toward concrete anti-terrorism policy. This secondary data based qualitative research highlights efficacy of counter- terrorism policies. The results show the strengths and weaknesses of NACTA framework and its performance. The counter- terrorism strategies minimized security threats demonstrating considerable decrease in numbers of suicide attacks and violent activities. Key Words: Counter-Terrorism, NACTA, SWOT Analysis, Effectiveness Introduction Terrorism has been highly destructive phenomenon for last two decades, especially after 9/11 attacks and Pakistan‟s joining the „War on Terror‟. Approximately 100,000 non-combatant Pakistanis were killed by terrorists in post 9/11 era. According to the government analysis, the direct and indirect economic costs of terrorism up to 2017 have now surpassed $126 billion whereas the other economic loses from the „War on Terror‟ totaled $7543 million between 2016-18 (see Table.1). -
Makers-Of-Modern-Sindh-Feb-2020
Sindh Madressah’s Roll of Honor MAKERS OF MODERN SINDH Lives of 25 Luminaries Sindh Madressah’s Roll of Honor MAKERS OF MODERN SINDH Lives of 25 Luminaries Dr. Muhammad Ali Shaikh SMIU Press Karachi Alma-Mater of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi Aiwan-e-Tijarat Road, Karachi-74000 Pakistan. This book under title Sindh Madressah’s Roll of Honour MAKERS OF MODERN SINDH Lives of 25 Luminaries Written by Professor Dr. Muhammad Ali Shaikh 1st Edition, Published under title Luminaries of the Land in November 1999 Present expanded edition, Published in March 2020 By Sindh Madressatul Islam University Price Rs. 1000/- SMIU Press Karachi Copyright with the author Published by SMIU Press, Karachi Aiwan-e-Tijarat Road, Karachi-74000, Pakistan All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any from or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer, who may quote brief passage in a review Dedicated to loving memory of my parents Preface ‘It is said that Sindh produces two things – men and sands – great men and sandy deserts.’ These words were voiced at the floor of the Bombay’s Legislative Council in March 1936 by Sir Rafiuddin Ahmed, while bidding farewell to his colleagues from Sindh, who had won autonomy for their province and were to go back there. The four names of great men from Sindh that he gave, included three former students of Sindh Madressah. Today, in 21st century, it gives pleasure that Sindh Madressah has kept alive that tradition of producing great men to serve the humanity. -
Causes and Consequences of PNA's Agitation About the Election of 1977
Pakistan Social Sciences Review P-ISSN 2664-0422 December 2017, Vol. 1, No. 2 [101-112] O-ISSN 2664-0430 RESEARCH PAPER Causes and Consequences of PNA’s Agitation about the Election of 1977: An Analytical Study in Perspective of Print Media Muhammad Afzal1 Dr. Khalil Ahmad 2 Ahmad Ali3 1. Ph. D Scholar Department of History, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan 3. Ph. D Scholar Department of History, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan PAPER INFO ABSTRACT Received: This research focuses on the PNA’s demands such as restoration August 18, 2017 of democratic government as indicated by the 1973 constitution. Accepted: December13, 2017 Besides this, Freedom and Supremacy of the judiciary and the Online: removal of black laws, state of emergency and different curbs on December 30, 2017 common freedoms were the major parts of its demands. The Keywords: purpose of PNA was to compel the government to dissolve the Pakistan National and all Provincial Assemblies and formed an interim National government to conduct fair and free elections so; this paper is the Alliance, outcome of the detailed demands and agitation of the opposition Pakistan coalition. The focus of this research is also to enforce the political Peoples’ Party, as well as Socio-economic justice. In this research paper, the TahreekNizam-e- authors have also tried to highlight the reasons behind this Mustafa, coalition like annulment of Elections, dismissal of the Chief Corresponding Election Commissioner and the resignation of Prime Minister Author: and the aftermath of this agitation. -
EASO Country of Origin Information Report Pakistan Security Situation
European Asylum Support Office EASO Country of Origin Information Report Pakistan Security Situation October 2018 SUPPORT IS OUR MISSION European Asylum Support Office EASO Country of Origin Information Report Pakistan Security Situation October 2018 More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). ISBN: 978-92-9476-319-8 doi: 10.2847/639900 © European Asylum Support Office 2018 Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, unless otherwise stated. For third-party materials reproduced in this publication, reference is made to the copyrights statements of the respective third parties. Cover photo: FATA Faces FATA Voices, © FATA Reforms, url, CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 Neither EASO nor any person acting on its behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained herein. EASO COI REPORT PAKISTAN: SECURITY SITUATION — 3 Acknowledgements EASO would like to acknowledge the Belgian Center for Documentation and Research (Cedoca) in the Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons, as the drafter of this report. Furthermore, the following national asylum and migration departments have contributed by reviewing the report: The Netherlands, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Office for Country Information and Language Analysis Hungary, Office of Immigration and Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Office Documentation Centre Slovakia, Migration Office, Department of Documentation and Foreign Cooperation Sweden, Migration Agency, Lifos -
Send Us Victorious N Zeeshan Khan World
MONDAY, DECEMBER 16, 2013 | www.dhakatribune.com Victory Day 2013 Illustration: Sabyasachi Mistry Send us victorious n Zeeshan Khan world. The economic exploitation was our surprise when our language, our When Babur, the Mughal, encoun- Charjapadas. It ran through the Pala acute, resulting in death by the mil- culture, our ethnicity, our economy tered this kingdom for the first time, and Sena kingdoms of Gaur-Bongo to or the generations born lions, but the strains on our social and and then ultimately our votes were in the 1500s he made this observation: the Vangaladesa of the Cholas and was after December 16, 1971, psychological well-being were equally subordinated to a national pecking reborn in the Sultanate of Bangala that Bangladesh was an exis- catastrophic. Added to that, a British order that placed us at the bottom. A “There is an amazing custom in Babur encountered. tentially “normal” place policy of advancing some communi- rude awakening followed, and then Bengal: rule is seldom achieved by The emergence of Bangladesh was to grow up in. Nothing in ties at the expense of others created the guns came out. hereditary succession. Instead, there a historical inevitability. Repeatedly, Fthe atmosphere hinted at the violent sectarian tensions that wouldn’t go Truth is, the break from Pakistan, is a specific royal throne, and each the people of this land have resist- upheavals our preceding generations away when 1947 rolled around. even from India earlier, was the of the amirs, viziers or office holders ed authority that was oppressive or had to contend with and there was But an independent Bengal was in has an established place. -
The Other Battlefield Construction And
THE OTHER BATTLEFIELD – CONSTRUCTION AND REPRESENTATION OF THE PAKISTANI MILITARY ‘SELF’ IN THE FIELD OF MILITARY AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL NARRATIVE PRODUCTION Inauguraldissertation an der Philosophisch-historischen Fakultät der Universität Bern zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde vorgelegt von Manuel Uebersax Promotionsdatum: 20.10.2017 eingereicht bei Prof. Dr. Reinhard Schulze, Institut für Islamwissenschaft der Universität Bern und Prof. Dr. Jamal Malik, Institut für Islamwissenschaft der Universität Erfurt Originaldokument gespeichert auf dem Webserver der Universitätsbibliothek Bern Dieses Werk ist unter einem Creative Commons Namensnennung-Keine kommerzielle Nutzung-Keine Bearbeitung 2.5 Schweiz Lizenzvertrag lizenziert. Um die Lizenz anzusehen, gehen Sie bitte zu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ch/ oder schicken Sie einen Brief an Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California 94105, USA. 1 Urheberrechtlicher Hinweis Dieses Dokument steht unter einer Lizenz der Creative Commons Namensnennung-Keine kommerzielle Nutzung-Keine Bearbeitung 2.5 Schweiz. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ch/ Sie dürfen: dieses Werk vervielfältigen, verbreiten und öffentlich zugänglich machen Zu den folgenden Bedingungen: Namensnennung. Sie müssen den Namen des Autors/Rechteinhabers in der von ihm festgelegten Weise nennen (wodurch aber nicht der Eindruck entstehen darf, Sie oder die Nutzung des Werkes durch Sie würden entlohnt). Keine kommerzielle Nutzung. Dieses Werk darf nicht für kommerzielle Zwecke verwendet werden. Keine Bearbeitung. Dieses Werk darf nicht bearbeitet oder in anderer Weise verändert werden. Im Falle einer Verbreitung müssen Sie anderen die Lizenzbedingungen, unter welche dieses Werk fällt, mitteilen. Jede der vorgenannten Bedingungen kann aufgehoben werden, sofern Sie die Einwilligung des Rechteinhabers dazu erhalten. Diese Lizenz lässt die Urheberpersönlichkeitsrechte nach Schweizer Recht unberührt. -
CTC Sentinel Objective
OCTOBER 2011 . VOL 4 . ISSUE 10 COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER AT WEST POINT CTC Sentinel OBJECTIVE . RELEVANT . RIGOROUS Contents Insights from Bin Ladin’s FEATURE ARTICLE 1 Insights from Bin Ladin’s Audiocassette Audiocassette Library in Library in Kandahar By Flagg Miller Kandahar REPORTS By Flagg Miller 5 India’s Approach to Counterinsurgency and the Naxalite Problem By Sameer Lalwani 9 Evaluating Pakistan’s Offensives in Swat and FATA By Daud Khattak 12 The Enduring Appeal of Al-`Awlaqi’s “Constants on the Path of Jihad” By J.M. Berger 15 The Decline of Jihadist Activity in the United Kingdom By James Brandon 17 Understanding the Role of Tribes in Yemen By Charles Schmitz 22 Al-Shabab’s Setbacks in Somalia By Christopher Anzalone 25 Recent Highlights in Terrorist Activity 28 CTC Sentinel Staff & Contacts s the world waits for the After the tapes were reviewed by U.S. declassification of documents intelligence agencies shortly after their from Usama bin Ladin’s acquisition, the collection was sold to the Abbottabad residence in Williams College Afghan Media Project APakistan, an earlier archive shedding run by American anthropologist David valuable light on al-Qa`ida’s formation Edwards. This author began cataloguing under Bin Ladin is slowly being and archiving the collection in 2003, as released. Acquired by the Cable News soon as the tapes arrived at the college, Network in early 2002 from Bin Ladin’s and is currently writing a book about the About the CTC Sentinel Kandahar compound, more than 1,500 figuration of Bin Ladin’s leadership and The Combating Terrorism Center is an audiocassettes are being made available al-Qa`ida through the archive.