DOCSLIB.ORG

Book Pakistanonedge.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Book Pakistanonedge.Pdf Pakistan Project Report April 2013 Pakistan on the Edge Copyright © Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, 2013 Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses No.1, Development Enclave, Rao Tula Ram Marg, Delhi Cantt., New Delhi - 110 010 Tel. (91-11) 2671-7983 Fax.(91-11) 2615 4191 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.idsa.in ISBN: 978-93-82512-02-8 First Published: April 2013 Cover shows Data Ganj Baksh, popularly known as Data Durbar, a Sufi shrine in Lahore. It is the tomb of Syed Abul Hassan Bin Usman Bin Ali Al-Hajweri. The shrine was attacked by radical elements in July 2010. The photograph was taken in August 2010. Courtesy: Smruti S Pattanaik. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this Report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute or the Government of India. Published by: Magnum Books Pvt Ltd Registered Office: C-27-B, Gangotri Enclave Alaknanda, New Delhi-110 019 Tel.: +91-11-42143062, +91-9811097054 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.magnumbooks.org All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, sorted in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA). Contents Preface 5 Abbreviations 7 Introduction 9 Chapter 1 Political Scenario: The Emerging Trends Amit Julka, Ashok K. Behuria and Sushant Sareen 13 Chapter 2 Provinces: A Strained Federation Sushant Sareen and Ashok K. Behuria 29 Chapter 3 Militant Groups in Pakistan: New Coalition, Old Politics Amit Julka and Shamshad Ahmad Khan 41 Chapter 4 Continuing Religious Radicalism and Ever Widening Sectarian Divide P. K. Upadhayay 51 Chapter 5 The Economy: Crisis Continues Sumita Kumar 59 Chapter 6 Pakistan’s Foreign Policy Sumita Kumar 67 3 Chapter 7 India-Pakistan Relations: Signs of Recovery or False Restart? Ashok K. Behuria 79 Chapter 8 Pakistan Army and Trends in Civil-Military Relations Smruti S. Pattanaik 87 Chapter 9 Counter-insurgency Operations: An Assessment Smruti S. Pattanaik, Sushant Sareen and Ashok K. Behuria 97 Chapter 10 Reflections from the English Language Press Babjee Pothuraju and Medha Bisht 109 Chapter 11 Reflections from the Urdu Press Shamshad Ahmad Khan 121 Conclusion 133 Appendices 139 Appendix I: English Language Press 141 Appendix II: Urdu Dailies 143 Appendix III: Pakistan’s Economic Outlook 145 Appendix IV: Economic Data 149 Index 157 About the Contributors 164 4 Preface The Pakistan Project of IDSA has come up with violence in Karachi and the ongoing insurgency a second report titled Pakistan on the Edge. in Balochistan. The Army remains an important This Report takes into account various political institution in influencing Pakistan’s foreign policy developments in Pakistan focusing more on the and its influence in the politics remains decisive. events of the last two years and analyses its Pakistan’s democratic experience will gradually impact on the nation’s nascent democracy. determine the institutional strength of Parliament. Till democracy attains institutional stability, the The earlier Report of Pakistan project titled Whither Army will play an important role in politics. Pakistan: Growing Instability and Implications for India was well received. This report titled Pakistan Pakistan also faces numerous foreign policy on the Edge is the second report of the Pakistan challenges. Instability in Afghanistan and project of IDSA. This report takes a broad view of an uncertain security situation in post-2014 the politics, emerging political alliances, economy, withdrawal will have several repercussions for foreign policy, India-Pakistan relations and civil- Pakistan and the region. Its relations with the military relations. Two chapters of this report focus United States (US) has come under severe on Pakistan’s English and Urdu language print strain on the issue of drone attacks, intelligence media and how it looks at the critical issues of cooperation and Pakistan’s non-cooperation in domestic and foreign policy. One can note major carrying out operations in North Waziristan where divergence in the reportage of English and Urdu the dreaded Haqqani group is believed to have print media. taken shelter. Pakistan’s economy continues to be dependant on US aid. This has constrained The Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) is successfully Pakistan in pursuing the policy of strategic depth going to complete its tenure in February 2013. in Afghanistan. It is the first government since the creation of Pakistan which will be completing a full five-year Pakistan will be going to election in the backdrop term. However, the challenges to democracy of a difficult domestic situation characterised by are many. The PPP government survived many allegations of corruption and misgovernance hurdles in keeping its coalition partner together and a faltering economy. The debt servicing cost when confronted with a divergence of opinion comes to around 35 per cent of this year’s budget. and approach. Challenges were thrown in The revenue collection has been low and savings by the memogate episode, the secret raid in remain a problem. Abbottabad to hunt Osama bin Laden, anger over drone attacks and the continuing internal Notwithstanding the 26/11 Mumbai terrorist challenges posed by the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan attacks, India-Pakistan relations are making in the FATA region, sectarian tension, political incremental progress. The two countries are 5 negotiating to expand trade after Pakistan in provided by India does not inspire confidence principle approved to confer Most Favoured for bilateral relations. The Pakistan Army is yet Nation (MFN) status on India. The main hurdles to discard its fundamental assumption of India regarding trade relate to several tariff and non-tariff being Pakistan’s number one enemy. Nor has barriers. For trade to expand, India is insisting the Pakistan Army’s support to radical elements that Pakistan should allow more trade via Wagah. ended despite the claims that Pakistan is a India has already agreed to provide 500 MW of victim of terrorism. In the light of these positive electricity to Pakistan. Both countries are working developments, bilateral relations are yet to attain to erect transmission lines to connect their grids. irreversibility. India has also agreed to export petro-products and liquefied natural gas to Pakistan through The report has been prepared by a team of pipelines or tankers. Visa liberalisation to facilitate experts focusing on developments in Pakistan, travel of businessmen and issuance of group who have a keen interest in the subject. This is an tourist visas are some of the recent developments. endeavour towards understanding developments The major problem India confronts in its relations in Pakistan and their implications for India with Pakistan is related to non-cooperation on the and the region. I hope this report is useful for issue of terrorism. Pakistan’s delaying tactics in policymakers, academia and those who have an convicting the 26/11 accused in spite of evidence interest on the subject. Dr. Arvind Gupta Director General, IDSA 6 Abbreviations ADB Asian Development Bank ANP Awami National Party ASWJ Ahle-Sunnat-wal-Jamaat CBM Confidence Building Measures CSF Coalition Support Funds DPC Difa-e-Pakistan Council ETIM East Turkistan Islamic Movement FATA Federally Administered Tribal Area FIF Falaah Insaniat Foundation GHQ General Head Quarters GST General Sales Tax HPC High Peace Council IDP Internally Displaced Persons IMF International Monetary Fund ISI Inter Service Intelligence ISPR Inter Services Public Relations ITPO India Trade Promotion Organisation JAH Jamiat-e-Ahle Hadith JI Jamaat-i-Islami JuD Jamaat-ud-Dawa JUI (F) Jamiat-ul-Ulema-e-Islam (Fazlur Rahman) JUI (S) Jamiat-ul-Ulema-e-Islam (Sami-ul-Haq) JuP Jamaat-e-Ulema-e-Pakistan JWG Joint Working Group KLB Kerry Lugar Bill LeJ Lashkar-e-Jhangvi LeT Lashkar-e-Toiba 7 MFN Most Favoured Nation MMA Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal MQM Muttahida Quami Mahaz NACTA National Counter Terrorism Authority NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation NICL National Insurance Company Limited NRO National Reconciliation Ordinance OGDCL Oil and Gas Development Company Limited PCNS Parliament Committee on National Security PIPS Pakistan Institute for Peace Studies PML-F Pakistan Muslim League (Functional) PML-N Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) PML-Q Pakistan Muslim League (Quaid-i-Azam) PNS Pakistan Naval Station PPP Pakistan Peoples Party PTCL Pakistan Telecommunication Company PTI Pakistan Tehrik-i-Insaf SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAFTA South Asia Free Trade Agreement SCBAP Supreme Court Bar Association of Pakistan SIC Sunni Ittehad Council TDAP Trade Development Authority of Pakistan TTIP Tehrik-i-Taliban Islami Pakistan TTP Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan WTO World Trade Organisation 8 Introduction For the first time in the political history of Pakistan, where democracy is slowly taking root. Over the an elected civilian government has completed its last two years, there has been a realignment of the term of five years in office. This has generated hope, domestic political forces; the economic condition that Pakistan’s transition to democracy this time, has worsened; the ethnic crisis in Balochistan has might be sustainable. Though the relations between further intensified, and there has been a spike in sectarian attacks. Violence in Karachi continues Pakistan’s important institutions were erratic – unabated with serious economic and political each competing and trying to encroach on the consequences. The increasing international powers and functions of the other, the government attention on the situation in Balochistan, coupled managed to complete its term. The dates for with Supreme Court’s renewed focus on the elections have already been announced and Mir missing persons’ case, has focussed the spotlight Hazar Khan Khosa, a retired judge has been on the ham-handed and brutal manner in which appointed as the caretaker Prime Minister by the the military and intelligence agencies are handling Election Commission.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sushant Sareen
    Occasional Paper – November 2012 Sushant Sareen Political Analysis of Election Possibilities in Pakistan 2 of 25 About The Author Sushant Sareen did his masters in economics from the Delhi School of Economics and later qualified for the Indian Civil Service and joined the Indian Railway Traffic Service in 1993. A year later he resigned from Government and joined Public Opinion Trends, a news agency that monitors news and developments in South Asia. Since then he has been a close observer of the political situation in South Asia, specialising on Pakistan and by extension, India-Pakistan relations. He was the Executive Editor, Public Opinion Trends. He has also been Associate Editor, southasianmedia.net, a South Asian news portal being run by the South Asian Free Media Association (SAFMA). Sushant Sareen is also a founder member of SAFMA. For a short while he was General Secretary, SAFMA India and is currently a member of the SAFMA India Executive. Between 2002 and 2004, he was the Honorary Director, Pakistan Centre at the Observer Research Foundation. He has also been associated as a Consultant on the Pakistan Project of the IDSA. He is currently Senior Fellow, Vivekananda International Foundation. He is the author of the book: "The Jihad Factory - Pakistan's Islamic Revolution in the Making". In addition he has contributed chapters in books published by the Jamia Milia Islamia University, New Delhi and Jammu University. He has also contributed papers on the situation in Pakistan and on India-Pakistan peace process for journals like World Focus, AGNI and Dialogue. He has written columns for a number of Indian newspapers including The Pioneer, Tehelka, Sakaal Times, rediff.com, India Abroad, Ajit, The Tribune, Deccan Herald, New Indian Express etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Pk1401mag Nussrah Issue 16 English.Pdf
    Nussrah Magazine Issue 16 January/ February 2014 – Rabi ul-Awwal/ Rabi uth-Thaanee 1435 AH Contents Editorial: The Real Internal Threat 01 Shaikh Ata ibn Khalil Abu Ar-Rashta: Tafseer: Al-Baqarah 92-96 02 Feature Article: Rabi ul-Awwal‘s Greatest Gift, RasulAllah (saw) 04 Naseer al-Islam Mehmood: The Betrayal of Islam and Muslims by the Armies 06 Role of the Ulema in the Establishment of the Khilafah State 08 Khalid Salahudeen: The Myth of a US Attack on Pakistan 12 Abid Mustafa- Pakistan Must Sever Ties with America for Future Economic Sustainability 18 Imran Khan- A New Jockey for America‘s Horse, Democracy 22 Martyrdom in Syria 25 Russian Foreign Minister Attacks the Khilafah 26 Q& A: The Stance of Hizb ut-Tahrir in Egypt 27 America Seeks A Permanent Presence Through Talks 35 Nussrah For Khilafah Bayyan Campaign 39 Price: Rs. 30/- Editorial The Real Internal Threat Our real internal threat is the substantial aggression, requiring US intervention. American presence within Pakistan. It is this Essentially, the United States was informing American presence which is the source of the the powers of the Old World that the intricate planning, huge funding and American continents were no longer open to sophisticated arms supply that allows the European influence, and that any effort to attacks on military and civilian targets. This is extend European political hegemony into the also why such attacks never target American New World would be considered by the assets, of which there are many on our soil, United States "as dangerous to our peace and but always target ours.
    [Show full text]
  • The Terrorism Trap: the Hidden Impact of America's War on Terror
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2019 The Terrorism Trap: The Hidden Impact of America's War on Terror John Akins University of Tennessee, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Recommended Citation Akins, John, "The Terrorism Trap: The Hidden Impact of America's War on Terror. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2019. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5624 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by John Akins entitled "The Terrorism Trap: The Hidden Impact of America's War on Terror." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Political Science. Krista Wiegand, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Brandon Prins, Gary Uzonyi, Candace White Accepted for the Council: Dixie L. Thompson Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) The Terrorism Trap: The Hidden Impact of America’s War on Terror A Dissertation Presented for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville John Harrison Akins August 2019 Copyright © 2019 by John Harrison Akins All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Conteporarary Counter Terrorim in Pakistan and Its Efficacy
    South Asian Studies A Research Journal of South Asian Studies Vol. 34, No. 1, January – June, 2019, pp. 103 – 123 Conteporarary Counter Terrorim in Pakistan and its Efficacy. Sanwal Hussain Kharl China University of Geosciences, China. Khizar Abbass Bhatti China University of Geosciences, China. Khalid Manzoor Butt Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan. Xiaoqing Xie China University of Geosciences, China. ABSTRACT The study aims to express counter-terrorism situation in Pakistan where terrorism has prevailed in last two decades. There have been more than 100,000 fatalities, the government bears 126 billion US dollars financially, 92 billion US dollars in terms of indirect losses and overall an estimated 10 million people nationally are affected by terrorism. NACTA was formed under National Action Plan to counter terrorism, it was the first step toward concrete anti-terrorism policy. This secondary data based qualitative research highlights efficacy of counter- terrorism policies. The results show the strengths and weaknesses of NACTA framework and its performance. The counter- terrorism strategies minimized security threats demonstrating considerable decrease in numbers of suicide attacks and violent activities. Key Words: Counter-Terrorism, NACTA, SWOT Analysis, Effectiveness Introduction Terrorism has been highly destructive phenomenon for last two decades, especially after 9/11 attacks and Pakistan‟s joining the „War on Terror‟. Approximately 100,000 non-combatant Pakistanis were killed by terrorists in post 9/11 era. According to the government analysis, the direct and indirect economic costs of terrorism up to 2017 have now surpassed $126 billion whereas the other economic loses from the „War on Terror‟ totaled $7543 million between 2016-18 (see Table.1).
    [Show full text]
  • Swat Valley – PML-N – Tehrik-E-Nifaz-E-Shariah- Mohammadi – Landowners – April 2009 Army Offensive – Internal Relocation – Asylum Seekers 23 December 2009
    Country Advice Pakistan Pakistan – PAK35880 – Swat Valley – PML-N – Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e-Shariah- Mohammadi – Landowners – April 2009 Army Offensive – Internal relocation – Asylum seekers 23 December 2009 1 Please provide a concise history of recent events in the Swat Valley, including the ‘Talibanisation’ of the valley and the April 2009 offensive by the Pakistan army to retake the valley. 2 What is the law and order situation in the Swat Valley since the April 2009 Pakistan army offensive in the valley? What has become of the Taliban leadership and militants in the valley since the offensive? Do they still pose a threat to the peace and stability of the valley? Origins of the Tehreek Nifaz e Sharia Mohammadi in the Swat Valley The terms ‘Taliban’ and ‘Taliban in Pakistan’ (TIP) are often employed by the Pakistani and International media as shorthand for a number of militant Islamic groups espousing the introduction of Sharia law, the creation of an Islamic state or the pursuit of violent jihad. It has been reported that a number of such groups currently operate in the Malakand district of North West Frontier Province, which includes the Swat Valley. In the Swat region itself, the primary movement since the early 1990s to the present day has been the Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e- Shariah-Mohammadi (TNSM). The February 2009 IRIN article ‘Pakistan: Origins of the violence in Swat Valley’ provides useful and concise information on the Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e-Shariah-Mohammadi (TNSM). On the subject of its origins IRIN states “[i]n 1992, Sufi Mohammad Khan established the Tehrik- e-Nifaz-e-Shariah-Mohammadi (TNSM) in Swat, as a party seeking an Islamic order.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Transformation of Religious Extremism and Terrorism: an Analysis of Fata-Pakistan (Muhammad Rafique)* Abstract Th
    Evolutionary Transformation of Religious Extremism and Terrorism: An Analysis of Fata-Pakistan * (Muhammad Rafique) Abstract The paper examines the evolutionary global phenomenon and discourse of terrorism and extremism, with special focus on FATA, Pakistan. Pakistan has become a prime victim as well as a hub of terrorism for last three decades. The evolution of the militancy in Pakistan's Federally-Administered Tribal Areas has emerged as strategic threat to the national security of the state. The terrorists selected the narrative that they were fighting against US invasion in Afghanistan fearing the occupation of FATA as well. They also raised the slogan of implementation of Sharia in Pakistan. The locals, still as patriotic as they were in the past, have known the fact that the extremists and terrorists are serious threat for them and for the country in totality. Now FATA people want success of government over the terrorists but success would not be without its cost or quick. This article helps to fill that knowledge gap by bringing a more detailed level of analysis to the understanding of how anti-state militant networks function at the local and extra- local levels. The paper also suggests the viable options and recommendations to eliminate the menace of the terrorism in Pakistan. Key Words : terrorism, militancy, historical, ideology, aggression, society * Muhammad Rafique is Deputy Director, Internal Studies in the Institute for Strategic Studies, Research and Analysis (ISSRA), National Defence University, Islamabad. ISSRA Papers 2014 119 Evolutionary Transformation of Religious Extremism Introduction History reveals that Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan mostly remained unstable even in pre and post Anglo-Afghan wars.
    [Show full text]
  • Kyber Pakhtoon Khawa
    Implementation Status of the Prime Minister Directive Under People's Works Program-II Executing Agency Pakistan Public Works Department 2012-13 Approved Directive/Schemes Funds Approve Date of d in Name of MNA Dirctive Cost % age of S.No Directive DDWP Amount Funds Funds Month Issued Schemes Date Directives In Million Released Utilized Implemted Schemes Implemented Consity No Distt:/ Implemented Directive Serial No. Concerned Division No of Directive Schemes partially No.Of Schemes Schemes Under Process 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2012-13 Kyber Pakhtoon Khawa Peopel's Works Programme-II C:\Users\Ibrahim\Downloads\Detail for Beneficiaries.xls 1 ﻦﻣﺤﺭﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ 2012-13 Approved Directive/Schemes Funds Approve Date of d in Name of MNA Dirctive Cost % age of S.No Directive DDWP Amount Funds Funds Month Issued Schemes Date Directives In Million Released Utilized Implemted Schemes Implemented Consity No Distt:/ Implemented Directive Serial No. Concerned Division No of Directive No.Of Schemes Schemes partially Schemes Under Process Sep 11.09.12 26.11.12 363 Dr.Arbab Alamgir Khan NA- 2 1 50.000 1 17 50.000 9 8 53 % 50.000 44.869 Nov 27.11.12 4.1.13 741 Noor Alam Khan NA- 3 1 50.000 1 10 50.000 7 3 - 50.000 Oct 17.10.12 12.11.12 NA- 45 CCD-III, 1 50.000 1 5 50.000 5 - 590 Muhammad Noor Ul Haq Peshawar Total (CCD-III, Peshawar) 3 150.000 3 32 150.000 9 15 8 100.000 44.869 Peopel's Works Programme-II C:\Users\Ibrahim\Downloads\Detail for Beneficiaries.xls 2 ﻦﻣﺤﺭﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ 2012-13 Approved Directive/Schemes Funds Approve Date of d in Name of MNA Dirctive Cost % age of S.No Directive DDWP Amount Funds Funds Month Issued Schemes Date Directives In Million Released Utilized Implemted Schemes Implemented Consity No Distt:/ Implemented Directive Serial No.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding External Policy Influences in Pakistani Higher Education
    Understanding External Policy Influences in Pakistani Higher Education by Aamir Taiyeb A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Leadership, Higher and Adult Education (LHAE) Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE) University of Toronto © Copyright by Aamir Taiyeb 2019 Understanding External Policy Influences in Pakistani Higher Education Aamir Taiyeb Doctor of Philosophy Leadership, Higher and Adult Education University of Toronto 2019 Abstract Pakistan, the sixth most populous nation in the world, faces complex and multifaceted challenges as it seeks to achieve middle-income country status in the 21st century. To achieve this objective, Pakistan must address the quality, access and governance issues facing its higher education (HE) sector. With barely 1 in 10 Pakistanis being able to access tertiary-level studies, external agencies have stepped in to assist the Pakistani HE sector meets its development needs. Despite several decades of involvement, and hundreds of millions of dollars spent by international donors and aid agencies, little has been achieved. This dissertation examines the nature and extent of participation by international actors in Pakistan’s HE sector. The study explores the underlying dynamics between the external and the internal in the context of the sector, and seeks to identify points of convergence and divergence in terms of a preferred future. The central research question motivating the study is: How have external actors influenced Pakistan’s HE system, and in particular, its governance? To answer this question, 43 qualitative research interviews were conducted over 5 months in 3 large urban centres in Pakistan (Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad) with senior governors active in the Pakistani HE sector including representatives of Pakistani government agencies, international organizations and HE institutional leaders.
    [Show full text]
  • Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan
    Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan in Pakistan and Militancy Religion a report of the csis program on crisis, conflict, and cooperation Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan a literature review 1800 K Street, NW | Washington, DC 20006 Project Director Tel: (202) 887-0200 | Fax: (202) 775-3199 Robert D. Lamb E-mail: [email protected] | Web: www.csis.org Author Mufti Mariam Mufti June 2012 ISBN 978-0-89206-700-8 CSIS Ë|xHSKITCy067008zv*:+:!:+:! CHARTING our future a report of the csis program on crisis, conflict, and cooperation Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan a literature review Project Director Robert L. Lamb Author Mariam Mufti June 2012 CHARTING our future About CSIS—50th Anniversary Year For 50 years, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) has developed practical solutions to the world’s greatest challenges. As we celebrate this milestone, CSIS scholars continue to provide strategic insights and bipartisan policy solutions to help decisionmakers chart a course toward a better world. CSIS is a bipartisan, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Center’s 220 full-time staff and large network of affiliated scholars conduct research and analysis and de- velop policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Since 1962, CSIS has been dedicated to finding ways to sustain American prominence and prosperity as a force for good in the world. After 50 years, CSIS has become one of the world’s pre- eminent international policy institutions focused on defense and security; regional stability; and transnational challenges ranging from energy and climate to global development and economic integration.
    [Show full text]
  • A Stranger in My Own Country East Pakistan 1969-1974
    A Stranger in Ny Own Contry East Pakistan, 1969-1971 repreoduced by Sani H. Panhwar A Stra nger inm yow n c ountry Ea stPa kista n, 1969-1971 Ma jor Genera l (Retd) Kha dim Hussa inRa ja Reproducedb y Sa niH. Pa nhw a r C O N TEN TS Introduction By Muhammad Reza Kazimi .. .. .. .. .. 1 Chapter 1 The Brewing Storm .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6 Chapter 2 Prelude to the 1970 Elections .. .. .. .. .. .. 13 Chapter 3 The Rising Sun of the Awami League .. .. .. .. .. 22 Chapter 4 The Devastating Cyclone of November 1970 .. .. .. .. 26 Chapter 5 A No-Win Situation .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 28 Chapter 6 The Crisis Deepens .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 32 Chapter 7 Lt. Gen. Tikka Khan in Action .. .. .. .. .. .. 42 Chapter 8 Operation Searchlight .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 50 Chapter 9 Last Words . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 63 Appendix A .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 70 Appendix B .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 71 Appendix C .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 78 Introduction B y M uham m adReza Kazim i History, it is often said, 'is written by victors'. In the case of East Pakistan, it has been written by the losers. One general,1 one lieutenant general,2 four major generals,3 and two brigadiers4 have given their account of the events leading to the secession of East Pakistan. Some of their compatriots, who witnessed or participated in the event, are still reluctant to publish their impressions. The credibility of such accounts depends on whether they were written for self-justification or for introspection. The utility of such accounts depends on whether they are relevant. On both counts, these recollections of the late Major General Khadim Hussain Raja are of definite value. They are candid and revealing; they are also imbued with respect for the opposite point of view.
    [Show full text]
  • EASO Country of Origin Information Report Pakistan Security Situation
    European Asylum Support Office EASO Country of Origin Information Report Pakistan Security Situation October 2018 SUPPORT IS OUR MISSION European Asylum Support Office EASO Country of Origin Information Report Pakistan Security Situation October 2018 More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). ISBN: 978-92-9476-319-8 doi: 10.2847/639900 © European Asylum Support Office 2018 Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, unless otherwise stated. For third-party materials reproduced in this publication, reference is made to the copyrights statements of the respective third parties. Cover photo: FATA Faces FATA Voices, © FATA Reforms, url, CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 Neither EASO nor any person acting on its behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained herein. EASO COI REPORT PAKISTAN: SECURITY SITUATION — 3 Acknowledgements EASO would like to acknowledge the Belgian Center for Documentation and Research (Cedoca) in the Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons, as the drafter of this report. Furthermore, the following national asylum and migration departments have contributed by reviewing the report: The Netherlands, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Office for Country Information and Language Analysis Hungary, Office of Immigration and Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Office Documentation Centre Slovakia, Migration Office, Department of Documentation and Foreign Cooperation Sweden, Migration Agency, Lifos
    [Show full text]
  • The Current Detainee Population of Guantánamo: an Empirical Study
    © Reuters/HO Old – Detainees at XRay Camp in Guantanamo. The Current Detainee Population of Guantánamo: An Empirical Study Benjamin Wittes and Zaahira Wyne with Erin Miller, Julia Pilcer, and Georgina Druce December 16, 2008 The Current Detainee Population of Guantánamo: An Empiricial Study Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Introduction 3 The Public Record about Guantánamo 4 Demographic Overview 6 Government Allegations 9 Detainee Statements 13 Conclusion 22 Note on Sources and Methods 23 About the Authors 28 Endnotes 29 Appendix I: Detainees at Guantánamo 46 Appendix II: Detainees Not at Guantánamo 66 Appendix III: Sample Habeas Records 89 Sample 1 90 Sample 2 93 Sample 3 96 The Current Detainee Population of Guantánamo: An Empiricial Study EXECUTIVE SUMMARY he following report represents an effort both to document and to describe in as much detail as the public record will permit the current detainee population in American T military custody at the Guantánamo Bay Naval Station in Cuba. Since the military brought the first detainees to Guantánamo in January 2002, the Pentagon has consistently refused to comprehensively identify those it holds. While it has, at various times, released information about individuals who have been detained at Guantánamo, it has always maintained ambiguity about the population of the facility at any given moment, declining even to specify precisely the number of detainees held at the base. We have sought to identify the detainee population using a variety of records, mostly from habeas corpus litigation, and we have sorted the current population into subgroups using both the government’s allegations against detainees and detainee statements about their own affiliations and conduct.
    [Show full text]