DOCSLIB.ORG

Corruption in Indian Police

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Corruption in Indian Police CORRUPTION IN INDIAN POLICE KV Thomas Corruption is a complex to “public expenditure” by the Central problem having its roots and and State governments. Equally ramifications in society as a whole. The alarming are the cases of corruption Santhanam Committee Report 1964 in the collection of public revenue and defines corruption as “improper or arrears thereof. The corrupt practices in selfish exercise of power and influence the realization of direct and indirect attached to a public office or to a special taxes, non-recovery of loans from position one occupies in public life” 1. industrialists, money-laundering in the In fact, corruption in one form or other banking sector, etc., have resulted in the had always existed in the country. loss of thousands of crores to the During the last one decade, several cases national exchequer. Thus, Transparency 2 of corruption and scandals have come International, the Berlin based NGO nd to the public notice due to vigilant press, has rated India as the 22 most corrupt efforts of public spirited individuals and country in the world in its year 2000 a pro-active judiciary. The Bofors, corruption perception index. Over the HDW Submarine deal, Airbus deal, years, the tentacles of corruption have ABB Loco deal, Jain Hawala Racket, spread to the system of governance – Sugar scam, Security scam, Urea scam, civil, political and military. Now, no Fodder scam in Bihar and Tehelka tapes, institution can honestly claim that it is etc., are a few instances. These scams, totally free from corruption. Majority which surfaced were only the tip of the of citizens find corruption practically iceberg. Majority of these scams related at every level and every sector of life. 3 Jan - June 2004 One can undoubtedly say that corruption that “police are power-drunk, corrupt, prominence by the media. All too is not a myth, it has become a way of immoral without any professional frequently facts are overtaken by fiction, life in the country. But, mythicising ethics,” more than 90 percent of the built around speculative characters or corruption by camouflaging the real respondents denied even having given instances and it becomes difficult to from the unreal and exploiting the bribe to any policeman; nor did they ever determine where the true stories end and emotions and psychic energies that were see a policeman beating an alleged the fiction begins. No doubt, public dormant in the collective offender6. Another research study by awareness of policing has risen unconsciousness of the masses has the Shri UNB Rao, IPS was more revealing tremendously, but issues like corruption inherent danger of people forming false in the regard7. Out of 2,071 respondents are such hidden areas where facts, or distorted impressions on the image (adolescent students from 9 different fiction, myth, perception and reality are of organisations. The Santhanam mega/metropolitan cities of India), who very intricately interwoven. The Committtee has also referred to this responded to a question “whether they defaulting policeman becomes a symbol trend and observed “we heard from all have ever met a policeman and talked of the entire organization and his sides that corruption in recent years to him”, 72 percent claimed in negative. misconduct would be used as a powerful spread even to those levels of The overwhelming majority of these weapon to tarnish the image of the force. administration from which it was students had negative impressions on the Many people adopt the infamous “guilt conspicuously absent in the past… The style of functioning and image of police. by association technique” of Senator general impressions are unfair and For example, 75 percent of them spoke McCarthy8 and smear the police with the exaggerated. But, the very fact that such ill of police and policing mechanism; 61 failings of a few personnel. impressions are there, cause damage to to 71percent stated that public are afraid the social fabric.”3 Gunnar Myrdal4 to lodge complaint with police; 60 to 90 4. The para-military orientation and speaks of this trend as the “folklore of percent held that police are corrupt and general regimentation in the corruption”. 32 to 56 percent disagreed that police organization are the major contributory are sympathetic to public (percentage factors for the galvanization of such 2. Unlike the other executive wings of indicated pertains to different impressions on police by the public. the government, the police, which has questions). The basis for such There is a general tendency at police maximum visibility in the society, is a impressions of young adults was mainly hierarchy not to admit the lapses of the pet theme for such folklore. Their the media (63 to 70 percent) while 21 to personnel. On many occasions, they omissions and commissions rapidly 30 percent of the respondents stated that consciously try to cover up or whitewash attract public attention and spread like they heard about police from others. these omissions and defend the a wild fire through gossip and hearsay. Significantly, only 13 percent of them delinquent personnel on the pretext of As the police wears a mantle of confirmed that they have had personal safeguarding the morale and image of defensiveness and many of their experience or interaction whatsoever the organization. Lord Delvin had rightly functions are shrouded in secrecy, there with the police. Thus, one of the major observed “it is the general habit of police is a tendency to mythicise or findings of the study was that lesser the not to admit the slightest departure from sensationalize such lapses like awareness about the police work and correctness” 9. But, this approach, corruption. The image of police so police constraints, the more is the instead of protecting the image of the created in the minds of people always mistaken impressions of students or organization, causes more remains poor and sullied. For example, public about the police. embarrassment to the force when the studies carried out by Benarus Hindu media or the detractors of police come University in 1972 and Indian Institute 3. The reality is that majority of the out with highly exaggerated speculative of Public Opinion, New Delhi in 1978 people especially of the rural areas do ‘stories’ on the misdeeds by the on the public image of police revealed a not have any personal or specific personnel. This underscores the need for very unattractive image in the minds of knowledge on issues like corruption in fostering a more candid, transparent and the people5. These studies had disclosed police. But, their impressions in such open door, fulfilling police-public that those who had personal experience matters have been crystallized mainly at relationship based on mutual respect and or some interaction with the police had the instance of media or hearsay. The understanding of each other’s roles and a better impression of police than those visual media with their effective network responsibilities. who had formed their opinion on hearsay throughout the country plays up such without any personal knowledge. factors detrimental to the image of Another recent sample survey conducted police. The instances of corruption and 5. Police leadership should defeat the by ‘The Statesman’ in Delhi also other misdemeanors of police personnel efforts to mythicise the corruption by demonstrated the above trend. Though and their stories of prosecution and adopting sound organizational strategies the main conclusion of the survey was conviction are frequently given and innovations, especially attitudinal 4 Jan - June 2004 change of police managers towards the 7. As the popular adage goes that “Power allowing them to obtain anticipatory bail media and the society. They have to corrupts and absolute power absolutely” thereby avoiding arrest, etc. In the case develop a realistic approach towards two cognitive features of police viz. of more serious offenses like murder, endemic corruption in police, which power and discretion give ample scope rape, dowry deaths, accident cases, etc., no longer can be buried under the for the personnel to indulge in in which the accused are poor or under- carpet or kept away from the eyes of corruption. They enjoy wide powers privileged, the corrupt personnel exploit vigilant public by enforcing the canons while discharging the core functions of them and their relatives monetarily to the of the culture of secrecy or police viz. maintenance of peace and maximum extent, on the pretext of regimentation. In fact, corruption of order and prevention and detection of helping them and bailing them out of police is not a new phenomenon, but crime and criminal activities. Similarly, trouble. But ultimately, they land up in the irony is that the issue has seldom police discretion is a double-edged jails after trial and conviction. Most of been seized by the organization with sword that can be used or misused by the sensational murder cases involving a sense of seriousness. The British the personnel on the mosaic of law and the rich and the influential as accused Government appointed Police order situation. Though the personnel are simply hushed up and closed. Thus, Commission namely the Second Police are bound to exercise these unique Shri KF Rustamji, IP had commented Commission (1902-03) that looked features strictly in accordance with the “the age old belief that if you kill anyone, into the working of the police had procedures that lay down processes and you will be hanged is now giving way observed “one of the strongest proofs formalities, those intoxicated with to the new belief that if you kill anyone, that the Commission has received of tremendous powers and dominated by you can bribe your way out or be the corruption in police is the selfish motives can misuse them with a acquitted for lack of evidence.” 12 testimony of responsible parents, view to attaining private gains.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Unit 11 All India and Central Services
    UNIT 11 ALL INDIA AND CENTRAL SERVICES Structure 1 1.0 Objectives 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Historical Development 1 1.3 Constitution of All India Services 1 1.3.1 Indian Administrative Service 1 1.3.2 Indian Police Service 1 1.3.3 Indian Forest Service 1 1.4 Importance of Indian Administrative Service 1 1.5 Recruitment of All India Services 1 1.5.1 Training of All India Services Personnel 1 1 5.2 Cadre Management 1 1.6 Need for All India Services 1 1.7 Central Services 1 1.7.1 Recwihent 1 1.7.2 Tra~ningand Cadre Management 1 1.7.3 Indian Foreign Service 1 1.8 Let Us Sum Up 1 1.9 Key Words 1 1.10 References and Further Readings 1 1.1 1 Answers to Check Your Progregs Exercises r 1.0 OBJECTIVES 'lfter studying this Unit you should be able to: Explain the historical development, importance and need of the All India Services; Discuss the recruitment and training methods of the All India Seryice; and Through light on the classification, recruitment and training of the Central Civil Services. 11.1 INTRODUCTION A unique feature of the Indian Administration system, is the creation of certain services common to both - the Centre and the States, namely, the All India Services. These are composed of officers who are in the exclusive employment of neither Centre nor the States, and may at any time be at the disposal of either. The officers of these Services are recruited on an all-India basis with common qualifications and uniform scales of pay, and notwithstanding their division among the States, each of them forms a single service with a common status and a common standard of rights and remuneration.
    [Show full text]
  • Mandate and Organisational Structure of the Ministry of Home Affairs
    MANDATE AND ORGANISATIONAL CHAPTER STRUCTURE OF THE MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS I 1.1 The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has Fighters’ pension, Human rights, Prison multifarious responsibilities, important among them Reforms, Police Reforms, etc. ; being internal security, management of para-military forces, border management, Centre-State relations, Department of Home, dealing with the administration of Union territories, disaster notification of assumption of office by the management, etc. Though in terms of Entries 1 and President and Vice-President, notification of 2 of List II – ‘State List’ – in the Seventh Schedule to appointment/resignation of the Prime Minister, the Constitution of India, ‘public order’ and ‘police’ Ministers, Governors, nomination to Rajya are the responsibilities of States, Article 355 of the Sabha/Lok Sabha, Census of population, Constitution enjoins the Union to protect every State registration of births and deaths, etc.; against external aggression and internal disturbance and to ensure that the government of every State is Department of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Affairs, dealing with the constitutional Constitution. In pursuance of these obligations, the provisions in respect of the State of Jammu Ministry of Home Affairs extends manpower and and Kashmir and all other matters relating to financial support, guidance and expertise to the State the State, excluding those with which the Governments for maintenance of security, peace and Ministry of External Affairs
    [Show full text]
  • All That You Need to Know About the UPSC Civil Services Examination
    All that you need to know about the UPSC Civil services examination: What is UPSC Civil Service Examination? The Civil Services Examination (CSE) is an all India level open competitive examination. It is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission for recruitment to various Civil Services of the Government of India. It includes the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS), Indian Police Service (IPS) and Indian Revenue Service (IRS) among more than 20 highly cherished civil services. What are the examination dates? For this year Exam, Notification for Preliminary Test – 24th Apr 2016, Date of Preliminary Test – 7th Aug 2016 Expected preliminary results- End of Sep 2016 UPSC Main Examination starts on 3rd Dec 2016 Expected Mains results- end of Feb/March 2017 Tentative Personality Test dates- Mar/Apr/May 2017 Tentative Final Results- End of May 2017. Who can appear for the civil services? The eligibility norms for the examination are as follows For the Indian Administrative Service, the Indian Foreign Service and the Indian Police Service, a candidate must be a citizen of India. For the Indian Revenue Service, a candidate must be one of the following: o A citizen of India o A person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire, Ethiopia or Vietnam with the intention of permanently settling in India For other services, a candidate must be one of the following: o A citizen of India o A citizen of Nepal or a subject of Bhutan o A person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire, Ethiopia or Vietnam with the intention of permanently settling in India How do I apply for the examination? One can apply online for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary exam once the notification is released by the UPSC.
    [Show full text]
  • India: Surveillance by State Authorities
    Responses to Information Requests - Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada Page 1 of 17 Home Country of Origin Information Responses to Information Requests Responses to Information Requests Responses to Information Requests (RIR) are research reports on country conditions. They are requested by IRB decision makers. The database contains a seven-year archive of English and French RIR. Earlier RIR may be found on the UNHCR's Refworld website. Please note that some RIR have attachments which are not electronically accessible here. To obtain a copy of an attachment, please e-mail us. Related Links • Advanced search help 25 June 2018 IND106120.E India: Surveillance by state authorities; communication between police offices across the country, including use of the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS); categories of persons that may be included in police databases; tenant verification; whether police authorities across India are able to locate an individual (2016-May 2018) Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Ottawa 1. Surveillance According to sources, surveillance schemes have been implemented in India in order to tackle crime and terrorism (openDemocracy 10 Feb. 2014; Privacy International Jan. 2018). Sources indicate that the Central Monitoring System (CMS) is a surveillance programme in India (The Wire 2 Jan. 2018; CIS 14 June 2018). https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457520&pls=1 8/1/2018 Responses to Information Requests - Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada Page 2 of 17 1.1 CMS In correspondence with the Research Directorate, a representative of the Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) [1] stated that the CMS is a Central Government project to intercept communications, both voice and data, that is transmitted via telephones and the Internet to, from and within India.
    [Show full text]
  • Profile of the Indian Revenue Service
    Profile of the Indian Revenue Service to. Overview of Indian Revenue Service: Indian Revenue Service (IRS) is the largest Group A Central Service amongst the organised civil services in the Government of India. IRS serves the nation through discharging one of the most important sovereign functions i.e., collection of revenue for development, security and governance. An IRS officer starts in Group A as Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax. Recruitment at this level is through the Civil Services Examination conducted by Union Public Service Commission. Income Tax Officers (Group B gazetted) also enter into IRS by way of promotion. The Indian Revenue Service Recruitment Rules regulate the selection and career prospects of an IRS officer. IRS plays a pivotal role in collection of Direct Taxes (mainly Income Tax & Wealth Tax) in India which form a major part of the total tax revenue in the country. The relative contribution of Direct Taxes to the overall tax collection of the Central Government has risen from about 36% to 56% over the period 2000-01 to 2013-14. The contribution of Direct taxes to GDP has doubled (from about 3% to 6%) during the same period. IRS officers administer the Direct Taxes laws through the Income Tax Department (ITD) whose logo is 'kosh mulo dandah'. The ITD is one of the largest departments of the Government of Indit with a sanctioned strength of about 75000 employees, including 4921 duty posts in the IRS, spread over 550 locations all over the country. An Income Tax office is located in almost every district of India.
    [Show full text]
  • The Orissa G a Z E T T E
    The Orissa G a z e t t e EXTRAORDINARY PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY No. 48 CUTTACK, SATURDAY, JANUARY 16, 2010/PAUSA 26, 1931 No. 57505—SPS-I-61/2009 GOVERNMENT OF ORISSA HOME DEPARTMENT —————— RESOLUTION —————— The 22nd December 2009 SUBJECT—Introduction of direct recruitment in the Deputy Superintendent of Police Cadre in Orissa Police Service in Group IV (Junior Class I). The post of Deputy Superintendent of Police is an important position at the subdivisional level in the Police Administration. As per the provisions of the O.P.S. Cadre Rules as amended vide Home Department, Notification No. 48885-P., dated the 22nd July 1982 the post of Deputy Superintendent of Police is being filled up entirely by way of promotion of inspectors which constitutes the feeder grade for Deputy Superintendents of Police. 48 posts in the I.P.S. Cadre are earmarked to be filled up by way of promotion from State Police Service as per provisions to regulation 5(2) of Indian Police Service (Appointed by promotion Regulation 1995). At present the post of Deputy Superintendent of Police is Group A (Junior Class I) Post. 2. Consequent upon discontinuance of direct recruitment to the post of Deputy Superintendent of Police in Orissa Police Service, the State Government is faced with a situation whereby not a single incumbent in the feeder grade is conforming to the eligibility criteria for promotion to the I.P.S. Cadre earmarked to be filled up from State Police Service. As a result of this the entire quota of 48 posts in the I.P.S.
    [Show full text]
  • 1.The Indian Administrative Service (Cadre) Rules, 1954
    1.THE INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE (CADRE) RULES, 1954 In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section 1 of Section 3 of the All India Services Act, 1951 (LXI of 1951), the Central Government, after consultation with the Governments of the States concerned, hereby makes the following rules namely:- 1. Short title: - These rules may be called the Indian Administrative Service (Cadre) Rules, 1954. 2. Definitions: - In these rules, unless the context otherwise requires - (a) ‘Cadre officer’ means a member of the Indian Administrative Service; 1(b) ‘Cadre post’ means any of the post specified under item I of each cadre in schedule to the Indian Administrative Service (Fixation of Cadre Strength) Regulations, 1955. (c) ‘State’ means 2[a State specified in the First Schedule to the constitution and includes a Union Territory.] 3(d) ‘State Government concerned’, in relation to a Joint cadre, means the Joint Cadre Authority. 3. Constitution of Cadres - 3(1) There shall be constituted for each State or group of States an Indian Administrative Service Cadre. 3(2) The Cadre so constituted for a State or a group of States is hereinafter referred to as a ‘State Cadre’ or, as the case may be, a ‘Joint Cadre’. 4. Strength of Cadres- 4(1) The strength and composition of each of the cadres constituted under rule 3 shall be determined by regulations made by the Central Government in consultation with the State Governments in this behalf and until such regulations are made, shall be as in force immediately before the commencement of these rules. 4(2) The Central Government shall, 4[ordinarily] at the interval of every 4[five] years, re-examine the strength and composition of each such cadre in consultation with the State Government or the State Governments concerned and may make such alterations therein as it deems fit: Provided that nothing in this sub-rule shall be deemed to affect the power of the Central Government to alter the strength and composition of any cadre at any other time: 1Substituted vide MHA Notification No.14/3/65-AIS(III)-A, dated 05.04.1966.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gazette of India
    REGISTERED NO. D. (D.N.) 2 The Gazette of India EXTRAORDINARY PART II—Section 3—Sub-section (ii) PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY No 460] NEW DELHI, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 1985/ASVINA 3, 1907 Separate Paging is gives to this Part in order that it may be filed as a separate compilation 859 GI/85—1 (1) 2 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY [PART II—SEC. VKa 3 niE GAZCITL OF IMDIA • EXTRAORDINARY [?ARf H_ s ( (u , J TUIi Lik/hl It Of INDIA . hATRAOIliVN\RY ![>„, u „ 7 3 J THE GAZETTE OF INDIA : EXTRAORDINARY [P*RT II-Sr~ -M, "i 5I «S-2 T 10 THF G\ZETTEOFINDI\ I YIX \O^iM \ VRY [p a i)^(. ! i 12 LHE GA/bi ib Oh INDIA . LX [R/vORmNAR Y [P\.u h _^ c , IJ n lrir&AznrronNDiA ?XTR\ORDI ,AR\ [t'Airit s__ 3(ll \:< 1? Hit <-r\l' 1 II 01 IMPI\ FXTR\O^].]\\ \ I.H-TT. 17 ?S9 GI|85~ 18 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA : EXTRAORDINARY [PART II—Stc. 3(i)] 19 20 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY [PART II-SEC 3(i,)] 21 22 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA : EXTRAORDINARY [PART II-ISEC 3 :• 2^ 24 HIE GA/HTTE OF INDIA 6XTHAORDINAR\ [P«T ir_3^r , ->< ^GI/85-4 26 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA : EXTRAORDINARY [P.\RT [[- -Snc •? - * '/ 28 GAZE11C0MNDIA LXTRAORD1NARY [P\wi if-Scc l(liV 29 U l "° \'f rii Of INDIA L\THAOPDIS\RV [Mul[ ->n 3(U)} .11 HI! G\/miOI IM)U . XJlUOfUMWlU [P M IT S'< ^ 3i : '' ^P5~5 ' 34 1 HII GA.ZUI ft Ol- INDIA : EXTRAORHIN \RY |PARI II -SIC.
    [Show full text]
  • Functions, Roles and Duties of Police in General
    Chapter 1 Functions, Roles and Duties of Police in General Introduction 1. Police are one of the most ubiquitous organisations of the society. The policemen, therefore, happen to be the most visible representatives of the government. In an hour of need, danger, crisis and difficulty, when a citizen does not know, what to do and whom to approach, the police station and a policeman happen to be the most appropriate and approachable unit and person for him. The police are expected to be the most accessible, interactive and dynamic organisation of any society. Their roles, functions and duties in the society are natural to be varied, and multifarious on the one hand; and complicated, knotty and complex on the other. Broadly speaking the twin roles, which the police are expected to play in a society are maintenance of law and maintenance of order. However, the ramifications of these two duties are numerous, which result in making a large inventory of duties, functions, powers, roles and responsibilities of the police organisation. Role, Functions and Duties of the Police in General 2. The role and functions of the police in general are: (a) to uphold and enforce the law impartially, and to protect life, liberty, property, human rights, and dignity of the members of the public; (b) to promote and preserve public order; (c) to protect internal security, to prevent and control terrorist activities, breaches of communal harmony, militant activities and other situations affecting Internal Security; (d) to protect public properties including roads,
    [Show full text]
  • BIODATA 1. Name : Shri K.L. Bishnoi, IPS 2. Date of Birth : 6Th November
    BIODATA 1. Name : Shri K.L. Bishnoi, IPS 2. Date of Birth : 6th November, 1956 3. Qualification : M.Sc., M.Phil (Statistics), LL.B 4. I.P.S. Batch : 1985 5. Last Post Held : Director General of Police & Managing Director Maharashtra State Security Corporation, Mumbai. (Retired on 30.11.2016) 6. Contact Details : 4, Avanti Apartment, N.D.Road, Malbar Hill, Mumbai – 400 006. Mobile No. 98216 75373 Res.Tel.No.022/23677788 e.mail – [email protected]. 7. Language known : Marathi, Hindi & English. Work Experience . Worked as Lecturer at Shri Guru Nanak Khalsa College, Matunga in 1980-81. 2. Joined Indian Statistical Service in September, 1981 and worked as Asstt. Director in National Accounts Division of department of statistics, Ministry of Planning, Govt. of India where I was responsible for working out then G.D.P. from the Public Sector. During training we were taught about Financial sector in india ,its role in development of country, role of RBI, banking rules and regulations,working of planning commission, preparation of budget and role of ministries relating to trade, commerce and industry. 3. Joined Indian Police Service in 1985 in Maharashtra cadre.Held many important posts in Maharastra police and CBI starting with Asstt.Superintendent of Police in Ichalkaranji ,Kolhapur and Satara Sub-Dn, as District Superintendent of Police at Latur, Jalna, Jalgaon and Akola districts, as Deputy Commissioner of Police in Mumbai as D.C.P. Traffic, D.C.P. Airport, D.C.P. Zone-III, Zone-I,as S.P. and Dy.Inspector General of Police in Spl.Crime Division in Central Bureu of Investigation (CBI), as Dy.Inspector General of Police, Training, DIGP (L&O), as Addl.Commissioner of Police (EOW), Addl.C.P.(East Region), thereafter Addl.C.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Police Decentralisation
    Police decentralisation Different levels of policing in the United States (USA) The USA has what may be the most decentralised police system in the world, characterised by an extraordinary degree of duplication and conflicting jurisdiction. Although every community is entitled to run its own police department, federal and state officials can still conduct local investigations into certain offenses. The police in the USA is mainly organised around: 1) Local-level police forces, including those of cities and townships as well as those of villages, boroughs and incorporated towns; 2) Sheriff departments and county police forces in several thousand counties; 3) Police forces and criminal investigation agencies established by each of the 50 states; 4) The federal system. The existing American police structure reflects public opposition to any concentration of police power. It has been argued that local problems require local remedies and that the nation would suffer, and local governments be weakened, should all offenses become federal (national-level) offenses and all police powers be transferred to Washington, DC. The other side of the argument claims that the integration and consolidation of police forces would reduce costs and increase efficiency and consistency. As this debate continues, some small municipalities in the USA have chosen to maintain their own police forces while others have merged to form regional police departments. Local-level police The powers of local governments are usually similar to some that larger governments have, like raising taxes or setting up a police force. There are more municipal police departments in the US (over 15,000) than any other kind of police agency.
    [Show full text]
  • (MAHARASHTRA STATE) ( Desk-1) Quarterly List of Officers of the Indian Police Service and State Police Service As on 14/01/ 2021 Office / Fax Designation Name No
    ―POLICE DEPARTMENT‖(MAHARASHTRA STATE) ( Desk-1) Quarterly list of Officers of the Indian Police Service and State Police Service as on 14/01/ 2021 Office / Fax Designation Name No. Director General of Police, Maharashtra (Vacant on 07/01/2021) Due to O : 22026680 State, Mumbai. Cadre Post transfer of Shri. S. K. Jaiswal 22021680 (Post created vide GR.No.APO.3979/C- (IPS) 22026672 1. 2336/Pol -3/Dt.13/12/1982) Addl.Charge of Shri. H. N. Fax 22026566 Nagrale (IPS) Director General (Legal & Technical), M.S. Mumbai on 07/01/2021 Addl. Director General of Police (L&O), (Shri. Rajender Singh (RR) O : 22026747 M.S., Mumbai. Cadre Post 03/09/2020 Fax 22026747 2. (Post created videNo.APO-3979/C- 2336/Pol.3 /Dt.27/05/1988) Addl. Director General of Police (Estt.), Shri. Kulwant kumar Sarangal O : 22026192 M.S., Mumbai. Cadre Post IPS(02/11/2018) Fax 22823296 (Post created vide GR No.1.APO- 3. 2679/1403/ Pra. Kra -256 /Pol.3 /Dt.22/05/1990 2.No.IPS0198/Pra.Kra.177(B)/Pol- 1/Dt.18/02/1999 Addl. Director General of Police Shri. S. Jagannathan (RR) O : 22023399 (P & C), M.S., Mumbai. Cadre post (26/03/2019) Fax 22023399 ( Post Upgraded dtd. 14/06/07 ) 4. (Post created vide GR No.01. IPS- 1206/C.R.260/Pol-I, dtd.14/06/2007 2. No.APO3279/15903/Pol- 3/Dt.02/07/1979) Addl. Director General of Police (Admn), Shri. Sanjeev K. Singhal, IPS O : 22026651 M.S., Mumbai. Cadre post (20/05/2019 ) Fax 22026651 5.
    [Show full text]