DOCSLIB.ORG

Unit 11 All India and Central Services

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Unit 11 All India and Central Services UNIT 11 ALL INDIA AND CENTRAL SERVICES Structure 1 1.0 Objectives 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Historical Development 1 1.3 Constitution of All India Services 1 1.3.1 Indian Administrative Service 1 1.3.2 Indian Police Service 1 1.3.3 Indian Forest Service 1 1.4 Importance of Indian Administrative Service 1 1.5 Recruitment of All India Services 1 1.5.1 Training of All India Services Personnel 1 1 5.2 Cadre Management 1 1.6 Need for All India Services 1 1.7 Central Services 1 1.7.1 Recwihent 1 1.7.2 Tra~ningand Cadre Management 1 1.7.3 Indian Foreign Service 1 1.8 Let Us Sum Up 1 1.9 Key Words 1 1.10 References and Further Readings 1 1.1 1 Answers to Check Your Progregs Exercises r 1.0 OBJECTIVES 'lfter studying this Unit you should be able to: Explain the historical development, importance and need of the All India Services; Discuss the recruitment and training methods of the All India Seryice; and Through light on the classification, recruitment and training of the Central Civil Services. 11.1 INTRODUCTION A unique feature of the Indian Administration system, is the creation of certain services common to both - the Centre and the States, namely, the All India Services. These are composed of officers who are in the exclusive employment of neither Centre nor the States, and may at any time be at the disposal of either. The officers of these Services are recruited on an all-India basis with common qualifications and uniform scales of pay, and notwithstanding their division among the States, each of them forms a single service with a common status and a common standard of rights and remuneration. Like other federal polities the Centre and the constituent states, under the Indian Constitution, have their separate public services to administer their respective affairs. Thus, there are Central or Union Services to administer Union subjects, like defence, income tax, customs, posts and telegraphs, railways, etc. The officers of these Services are exclusively in the employment of the Ur~ion Government. Similarly, the states have their own separate and independent services. 11.2 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT Ever since the creation of the Indian Civil Service in the days of the East India Cnmnnnv thew hna alwnvs existed in lndin nn All-Tndia cadre of service The All- India cadres were introduced almos~in all departmehts of the Central Goveniment. All Irdla and-Central These services were, however, not under the control of the Governor-&grid; Services they were directly under the Secretary of State for India and his Council,,,No.All- India service officer could be dismissed from his service by any tither' ailthoiity than the Secretary of State-in-Council, An officer had a right of appeal to that body .if he was adversely dealt with in important disciplinary matters. His salary, pension, etc. were not subject to the vote of any Indian legislature. I These elitist Services, unresponsive and unaccountable to public opinion, found i it difficult to adjust themselves to the reform-era introducing every limited i i responsible government under the Government of India Act of 1919. The ~ee Commission in 1924 recommended the abolition of certain all India Services, particularly those dealing with departments that had been 'transferred' to Indian hands under the Act of 1919 namely the Indian Educational Service, Indian Agricultural Service, Indian Veterinary Service and the Roads and Building Branch of the Indian Service of Engineers. It, however, recommended the retention of the Indian Civil Service, Indian Police, Indian Forest Service, Indian Medical Service and the Irrigation Branch of the Indian Service of Engineers. It also recommended the increasing Indianisation of these Services. The Commission further recommended that any British officer should be free to retire on a proportionate pension if at any time the department in which they were employed should be transferred to the control of responsible Indian ministers. These recommendations were implemented in practice. Further changes were made in the position of these Services by the Government of India Act of 1935. Indians had always been demanding the abolition of All India Services. It was argued before the Joint Select Committee of the British Parliament considering the draft of the Act of 1935, and emphasised by the British India delegation in their Joint Memorandum. It stated that further recruitment by the Secretary of State of Officers serving under the Provincial Governments which were to be handed over to popular control was undesirable, and that Services in future be recruited and controlled by the authorities in India. The Joint Committee, however, only partly accepted such demands, and recommended the continuance of ICS, IP and IMS (Civil). This recommendation 'was embodied in Section 224 of the Act of 1935. Thus, at the time of transfer of power in 1947 recruitment was open only to two all India services, namely the ICS and the IP, the recruitment to the IMS had been suspended. The most important and the highest ranking of all such services was the Indian Civil Service commonly known as the ICS which owing to its very high remuneration and enormous authority and prestige, constituted the 'steel frame' of the British Government of India. When the British were leaving India, there were ten all lndia services and twenty-two Central Services. While guaranteeing the rights of the old Services, the new Indian Government had foreseen the need for replacing them with Services controlled and manned by Indians. In fact, as early as October, 1946, Sardar Patel, the then Home Member in the Governor General's Executive Council, had secured the agreement of the Provincial Governments to the formation of the two new all India services, namely the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS), which were to replace the old ICS and IP. 11.3 CONSTITUTION OF ALL INDIA SERVICES - - - -- The Constitution also provides for the all India cadre of Civil Services. It adopts specifically the IAS and the IPS cadres which had already been created earlier (Article 312-2). It empowers the Union Parliament to create more of such all India services whenever it is deemed necessary or expedient in the national interest, provided the Council of States (the Upper House) passes a resolution to the effect supported by not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting (Article 312-1). Since the Council of States is composed of the < Central Administration representatives of different States, its support will ensure the consent of the States to the creation of new Services. The Constitution also authorises the Parliament to regulate by law the recruitment and the conditions of services of persons appointed to these Services. Accordingly, the All India Service Act was passed by the Parliament in October 1951. Since the inauguration of the Constitution,. ,.. only one, namely, the Indian Forest Service, has been setup. 111-1951 All India Services Act was passed. By virtue of powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section (3) of this Act the Central Government framed new sets of rules and regulations pertaining to the All India Services. It became necessary because the old rules at certain places had become redundant. The rules that were in force before commencement of the Act were also allowed to continue. Thus, there came into existence two sets of rules regulating the conditions of All India Services. The old rules made by the Secretary of State, or the Governor General in Council, which regulated the conditions of service of ICS and IP officers, and the new rules made under the 1951 Act were applicable to the officers of the Indian Administrative and Police Services. 11.3.1 Indian Administrative Service The Indian Administrative Service (IAS) is the direct descendant of the old Indian Civil Service. As an all India service, it is under the ultimate control of the Union Government, but is divided into State cadres, each under the immediate control of a State Government. The salary and the pension of these officers are met by the States. But the disciplinary control and imposition of penalties rest with the Central Government which is guided, in this respect, by the advice of the Union Public Service Commission. On appointment, the officers are posted to different State cadres. The strength of each State cadre, however, is so fixed as to include a reserve of officers who can be deputed for service under the Union Government for one or more 'tenures' of three, four or five years before they return to the State cadre. This ensures that the Union Government has at its disposal the services of officers with first hand knowledge and experience of conditions in the States, while the State Governments have the advantage of their officers being familiar with the policies and programmes of the Union Government. Such an arrangement works for the mutual benefit of both governments. The majority of individual officers have an opportunity of serving at least one spell of duty under the Union Government; many have more than one such spell. The practice of rotating senior officers in and out of the Secretariat position is known in official parlance as the tenure system. Another distinctive feature of this Service is its multi-purpose character. It is composed of 'generalist administrators' who are expected, from time to time, to hold posts involving a wide variety of duties and functions; for example, maintenance of law and grder, collection of revenue, regulation of trade, commerce and industry, welfare activities development and extension work, etc. In brief, the IAS is intended to serve all the purposes formerly served by the ICS except providing officers for the judiciary.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Table of Contents INTERNATIONAL NEWS
    www.toprankers.com Table of Contents INTERNATIONAL NEWS ........................................................................................ 3 NATIONAL NEWS .................................................................................................. 13 BANKING AND ECONOMICS ............................................................................... 30 AWARDS AND RECOGNITION ............................................................................. 30 SPORTS ................................................................................................................. 34 APPOINTMENTS AND RESIGNATIONS................................................................ 41 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ............................................................................. 43 SUMMITS AND MOU‟S ......................................................................................... 44 DAYS ..................................................................................................................... 46 1 www.toprankers.com 2 www.toprankers.com INTERNATIONAL World first satellite launch by Soviet led US to create NASA. • The Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite Sputnik I on October 1957. The US- Soviet Cold War, Sputnik's launch directly led to the foundation of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) The Weight of the Sputnik is 83.6 kg, the 58-cm-wide satellite transmitted signals for 21 days before losing speed and burning up in the atmosphere in 92 days. History of Soviet Union
    [Show full text]
  • 6. the Indian Forest Service
    6.1THE INDIAN FOREST SERVICE (APPOINTMENT BY PROMOTION) REGULATIONS, 1966 In pursuance of sub-rule (1) of rule 8 of the Indian Forest Service (Recruitment) Rules, 1966, the Central Government, in consultation with the State Governments and the Union Public Service Commission, hereby makes the following regulations namely: 1. Short title & commencement.- 1(1) These regulations may be called the Indian Forest Service (Appointment by promotion) Regulations 1966. 1(2) They shall be deemed to have come into force with effect from the 1st July 1966. 2. Definitions.- 2(1) In these regulations, unless the context otherwise requires : a) `Cadre Officer’ means a member of the Service; b) `Cadre Post’ means any of the posts specified as such in the regulations made under sub-rule (1) of rule 4 of the Cadre Rules; c) `Cadre Rules’ means the Indian Forest Service (Cadre) Rules, 1966; d) `Committee’ means the Committee set up in accordance with regulation 3; e) `Commission’ means the Union Public Service Commission; f) `Recruitment Rules’ means the Indian Forest Service (Recruitment) Rules, 1966; g) `State Government’ means: (i) in relation to a State in respect of which a separate cadre of the service exists, the Government of such State ; and 2(ii) in relation to a group of States in respect of which a Joint Cadre of the Service is constituted, the Joint Cadre Authority; (iii) in relation to a group of Union Territories , and in respect of which a joint cadre of the service is constituted, the Central Government. 3h) `Year’ means the period commencing of the first day of January and ending on 31st day of December of the same year.
    [Show full text]
  • Governing Body 323Rd Session, Geneva, 12–27 March 2015 GB.323/INS/5/Appendix III
    INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE Governing Body 323rd Session, Geneva, 12–27 March 2015 GB.323/INS/5/Appendix III Institutional Section INS Date: 13 March 2015 Original: English FIFTH ITEM ON THE AGENDA The Standards Initiative – Appendix III Background document for the Tripartite Meeting on the Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No. 87), in relation to the right to strike and the modalities and practices of strike action at national level (revised) (Geneva, 23–25 February 2015) Contents Page Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Decision on the fifth item on the agenda: The standards initiative: Follow-up to the 2012 ILC Committee on the Application of Standards .................. 1 Part I. ILO Convention No. 87 and the right to strike ..................................................................... 3 I. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 3 II. The Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No. 87) ......................................................................... 3 II.1. Negotiating history prior to the adoption of the Convention ........................... 3 II.2. Related developments after the adoption of the Convention ........................... 5 III. Supervision of obligations arising under or relating to Conventions ........................
    [Show full text]
  • Determinants and Consequences of Bureaucrat Effectiveness: Evidence
    Determinants and Consequences of Bureaucrat Effectiveness: Evidence from the Indian Administrative Service∗ Marianne Bertrand, Robin Burgess, Arunish Chawla and Guo Xu† October 21, 2015 Abstract Do bureaucrats matter? This paper studies high ranking bureaucrats in India to examine what determines their effectiveness and whether effective- ness affects state-level outcomes. Combining rich administrative data from the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) with a unique stakeholder survey on the effectiveness of IAS officers, we (i) document correlates of individual bureaucrat effectiveness, (ii) identify the extent to which rigid seniority-based promotion and exit rules affect effectiveness, and (iii) quantify the impact of this rigidity on state-level performance. Our empirical strategy exploits variation in cohort sizes and age at entry induced by the rule-based assignment of IAS officers across states as a source of differential promotion incentives. JEL classifica- tion: H11, D73, J38, M1, O20 ∗This project represents a colloboration between the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration (LBSNAA), the University of Chicago and London School of Economics. We are grateful to Padamvir Singh, the former Director of LBSNAA for his help with getting this project started. The paper has benefited from seminar/conference presentations at Berkeley, Bocconi, CEPR Public Economics Conference, IGC Political Economy Conference, LBSNAA, LSE, NBER India Conference, Stanford and Stockholm University. †Marianne Bertrand [University of Chicago Booth School of Business: Mari- [email protected]]; Robin Burgess [London School of Economics (LSE) and the International Growth Centre (IGC): [email protected]]; Arunish Chawla [Indian Administrative Service (IAS)]; Guo Xu [London School of Economics (LSE): [email protected]] 1 1 Introduction Bureaucrats are a core element of state capacity.
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Civil List of Indian Forest Service of West Bengal Cadre
    INDIAN FOREST SERVICE (CIVIL LIST) AS ON 01.01.2021 (FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY) (THE CONTENTS OF THIS LIST SHOULD NOT BE DEEMED TO CONVEY ANY SANCTION OR AUTHORITY IN THE MATTER OF SENIORITY) Any error or suggestion for further improvement may kindly be informed at [email protected] DIRECTORATE OF FORESTS GOVERNMENT OF WEST BENGAL GAZETTED CELL IFS Cadre of West Bengal as on 01.01.2021 Sl. Authorised Structure of the Cadre No of Present Srength No of No. vide G.O No. 16016/2(i)/2011-AIS- Post of Cadre as on Post (II)(A) dt.13.03.2012 01.01.2021 1 Senior Duty Post under the State Govt 78 Senior Duty Post 78* 2 Central Deputation Reserve @ 20% of 15 Central Deputation 7 (1) above 3 State Deputation Reserve @ 25% of (1) 19 State Deputation 20 above 4 Training Reserve @ 3.5% of (1) above 2 Training Reserve 8 5 Post to be filled by promotion in 38 Posts Filled by 33 accordance with Rule 8 of India Forest promotion from Service (Recruitment) Rules,1966 not WBFS exceeding 33.33% of items (1),(2),(3) & (4) above 6 Leave Reserve & Junior Posts Reserve 12 Leave Reserve & 1 @ 16.5% if item (1) above Junior Posts 7 Post to be filled by Direct Recruitment 88 Posts filled by 72 (1+2+3+4+6-5) Direct Recruitment 8 Total Authorised Strength 126 Total Present 105 Strength *Includes 12 IFS officers of Junior Time Scale holding Senior Duty Posts CIVIL LIST OF INDIAN FOREST SERVICE OF WEST BENGAL CADRE AS ON 01-01-2021 Sl No.
    [Show full text]
  • Mandate and Organisational Structure of the Ministry of Home Affairs
    MANDATE AND ORGANISATIONAL CHAPTER STRUCTURE OF THE MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS I 1.1 The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has Fighters’ pension, Human rights, Prison multifarious responsibilities, important among them Reforms, Police Reforms, etc. ; being internal security, management of para-military forces, border management, Centre-State relations, Department of Home, dealing with the administration of Union territories, disaster notification of assumption of office by the management, etc. Though in terms of Entries 1 and President and Vice-President, notification of 2 of List II – ‘State List’ – in the Seventh Schedule to appointment/resignation of the Prime Minister, the Constitution of India, ‘public order’ and ‘police’ Ministers, Governors, nomination to Rajya are the responsibilities of States, Article 355 of the Sabha/Lok Sabha, Census of population, Constitution enjoins the Union to protect every State registration of births and deaths, etc.; against external aggression and internal disturbance and to ensure that the government of every State is Department of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Affairs, dealing with the constitutional Constitution. In pursuance of these obligations, the provisions in respect of the State of Jammu Ministry of Home Affairs extends manpower and and Kashmir and all other matters relating to financial support, guidance and expertise to the State the State, excluding those with which the Governments for maintenance of security, peace and Ministry of External Affairs
    [Show full text]
  • Gk-Update-4Th-Oct-2019
    GK Update 4 Oct, 2019 NATIONAL UPDATES: 1. Nationwide ‘Paryatan Parv 2019’ to promote tourism kicks off: The nationwide Paryatan Parv, 2019 kicked off to promote tourism in the country. The aim is to propagate the message of Dekho Apna Desh to encourage people to visit tourist destinations of the country and also spread the message of Tourism for All. This year’s event is dedicated to 150th birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. 2. Tourism Ministry launches App “Audio Odigos” for 12 sites of India: Tourism Ministry has launched the Audio Guide facility “Audio Odigos” for 12 sites of India (including Iconic Sites) on the occasion of “Paryatan Parv 2019”. Audio Guide: Audio Odigos, offers Government of India verified content, with visuals & voice over support. With Audio Odigos, tourists will now enjoy a more enriching experience and take back historical insights into the Indian culture and heritage. The Audio Odigos app contains an inbuilt map of the site for a smooth navigation during the tour. Listeners will be offered various versions of history like Synopsis, Detailed History and Podcasts. The audio can be chosen in their preferred language & version of history. Note: Minister of State (I/C) of Tourism Ministery: Prahalad Singh Patel. 3. Meghalaya govt. signed agreement with Dalmia Cement: The Meghalaya state government signed an agreement with Dalmia Cement a cement company, to make the state plastic-free by 2022. The objective of this agreement is to turn plastic waste into fuel for their cement plants and at the same time ensure that all the environmental standards are maintained.
    [Show full text]
  • 64Th ANNUAL REPORT
    64th (2013-14) Annual Report UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Dholpur House, Shahjahan Road New Delhi – 110069 http: //www.upsc.gov.in The Union Public Service Commission have the privilege to present before the President their Sixty Fourth Report as required under Article 323(1) of the Constitution. This Report covers the period from April 1, 2013 (Chaitra 11, 1935 Saka) to March 31, 2014 (Chaitra 10, 1936 Saka). Annual Report 2013-14 Contents List of abbreviations ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- (ix) Composition of the Commission during the year 2013-14 ----------------------------- (xi) List of Chapters Chapter Heading Page No. 1 Highlights 1-3 2 Brief History and Workload over the years 5-10 3 Recruitment by Examinations 11-19 4 Direct Recruitment by Selection 21-27 5 Recruitment Rules, Service Rules and Mode of Recruitment 29-31 6 Promotions and Deputations 33-40 7 Representation of candidates belonging to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled 41-44 Tribes, Other Backward Classes and Persons with Disabilities 8 Disciplinary Cases 45-46 9 Delays in implementing advice of the Commission 47-48 10 Non-acceptance of the Advice of the Commission by the Government 49-70 11 Administration and Finance 71-72 12 Miscellaneous 73-77 Acknowledgement 79 List of Appendices Appendix Subject Page No. 1 Profiles of Hon’ble Chairman and Hon’ble Members of the Commission. 81-88 2 Recommendations made by the Commission – Relating to suitability of 89 candidates/officials. 3 Recommendations made by the Commission – Relating to Exemption 89 cases, Service matters, Seniority etc. 4 Recruitment by Examinations – Details of recommendations made during 90 the year 2013-14 for Civil Services/Posts.
    [Show full text]
  • All That You Need to Know About the UPSC Civil Services Examination
    All that you need to know about the UPSC Civil services examination: What is UPSC Civil Service Examination? The Civil Services Examination (CSE) is an all India level open competitive examination. It is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission for recruitment to various Civil Services of the Government of India. It includes the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS), Indian Police Service (IPS) and Indian Revenue Service (IRS) among more than 20 highly cherished civil services. What are the examination dates? For this year Exam, Notification for Preliminary Test – 24th Apr 2016, Date of Preliminary Test – 7th Aug 2016 Expected preliminary results- End of Sep 2016 UPSC Main Examination starts on 3rd Dec 2016 Expected Mains results- end of Feb/March 2017 Tentative Personality Test dates- Mar/Apr/May 2017 Tentative Final Results- End of May 2017. Who can appear for the civil services? The eligibility norms for the examination are as follows For the Indian Administrative Service, the Indian Foreign Service and the Indian Police Service, a candidate must be a citizen of India. For the Indian Revenue Service, a candidate must be one of the following: o A citizen of India o A person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire, Ethiopia or Vietnam with the intention of permanently settling in India For other services, a candidate must be one of the following: o A citizen of India o A citizen of Nepal or a subject of Bhutan o A person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire, Ethiopia or Vietnam with the intention of permanently settling in India How do I apply for the examination? One can apply online for the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary exam once the notification is released by the UPSC.
    [Show full text]
  • Abhyaas Newsboard... for the Quintessential Test Prep Student
    November 5, 2019 Abhyaas Newsboard... For the quintessential test prep student Persons in News 1. On October 11, 2019, Forbes India Rich List 2019 was released by Forbes India in which Mukesh Ambani, aged 62, Chairman of Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL) held the top spot for the 12th consecutive year with a net worth of $51.4 billion. 2. Chairman and Managing Director of JSW Steel, Sajjan Jindal has been appointed as the Vice-Chairman of World Steel Association (Worldsteel). He is appointed for a period of one year. The association also elected YU Yong, Chairman, HBIS Group Co, as Chairman. Apart from this, the board also elected a 14-member Executive Committee. 3. As per the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC), Government of India(GoI), Pankaj Kumar (a 1987 batch Indian Administrative Service -IAS officer of Nagaland cadre) has been appointed as the new CEO (Chief Executive Officer) of the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI). He replaces Ajay Bhushan Pandey. 4. President Ram Nath Kovind has formally approved the appointment of Justice SA Bobde as the next Chief Justice of India. Justice Bobde will be sworn in as the 47th CJI a day after the retirement of current CJI Ranjan Gogoi. CJI Gogoi had himself recommended Justice Bobde’s name for the post. 5. The Central Government has appointed Girish Chandra Murmu as the first Lieutenant Governor of J&K UT and Radha Krishna Mathur as the first LG of Ladakh. The current J&K Governor Satya Pal Malik has been appointed as the new Governor of Goa.
    [Show full text]
  • Cadre Allocation Policy for the All India Services-IAS/IPS/Ifos — Reg
    No. 13013/2/2016-AISJ Government of India Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions Department of Personnel & Training North Block, New Delhi Dated OS' . 0.9.2017. OFFICE MEMORANDUM Subject: Cadre Allocation Policy for the All India Services-IAS/IPS/IFoS — Reg. The undersigned is directed to say that the Central Government, after consultation with State Governments, has revised the policy for cadre allotment for the All India Services-Indian Administrative Service (IAS)/Indian Police Service (IPS)/Indian Forest Service (IFoS)- as follows: 1. The Cadre Controlling Authorities, namely, the Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT) / Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) / Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) shall determine the vacancies including the break-up into Unreserved (UR)/ Scheduled Caste (SC) / Scheduled Tribe (ST) / Other Backward Classes (OBC)/ Insider / Outsider vacancies for each of the cadres as per the established procedure. 2. The States/Joint Cadres shall be divided into the following five Zones: i. Zone-I (AGMUT, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana) ii. Zone-II (Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and Odisha) iii. Zone-III (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh) iv. Zone-IV (West Bengal, Sikkim, Assam-Meghalaya. Manipur, Tripura and v. Zone-V (Telangana. Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala) 3. The candidates shall first give their choice in the descending order of preference from amongst the various Zones. Thereafter the candidates will indicate one preference of -2- cadre from each preferred zone. The candidates will indicate their second cadre preference for every preferred zone thereafter. Similar process will continue till a preference for all the cadres is indicated by the candidate.
    [Show full text]
  • India: Surveillance by State Authorities
    Responses to Information Requests - Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada Page 1 of 17 Home Country of Origin Information Responses to Information Requests Responses to Information Requests Responses to Information Requests (RIR) are research reports on country conditions. They are requested by IRB decision makers. The database contains a seven-year archive of English and French RIR. Earlier RIR may be found on the UNHCR's Refworld website. Please note that some RIR have attachments which are not electronically accessible here. To obtain a copy of an attachment, please e-mail us. Related Links • Advanced search help 25 June 2018 IND106120.E India: Surveillance by state authorities; communication between police offices across the country, including use of the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS); categories of persons that may be included in police databases; tenant verification; whether police authorities across India are able to locate an individual (2016-May 2018) Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Ottawa 1. Surveillance According to sources, surveillance schemes have been implemented in India in order to tackle crime and terrorism (openDemocracy 10 Feb. 2014; Privacy International Jan. 2018). Sources indicate that the Central Monitoring System (CMS) is a surveillance programme in India (The Wire 2 Jan. 2018; CIS 14 June 2018). https://irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457520&pls=1 8/1/2018 Responses to Information Requests - Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada Page 2 of 17 1.1 CMS In correspondence with the Research Directorate, a representative of the Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) [1] stated that the CMS is a Central Government project to intercept communications, both voice and data, that is transmitted via telephones and the Internet to, from and within India.
    [Show full text]