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Cover Skripsi RITUAL ETU MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG OLAEWA FLORES 1978 – 1981 SKRIPSI Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sastra Program Studi Ilmu Sejarah Disusun Oleh Kriwirinus Yosida Kalvaristo 024314021 PROGRAM STUDI ILMU SEJARAH FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2007 i ii iii Persembahan Skripsi Ini Saya Persembahkan Buat: Tuhanku Yesus Kristus, yang sangat baik dan penuh kesetiaan yang tinggi terhadap saya. Karena kasihnya dan kebesaran kuasanyalah saya bisa menyelesaikan Skripsi. Banyak halangan, rintangan yang mencoba menerjang saya, tak kuasa saya menahan derita ini, namun karena kepasrahan yang saya serahkan kepadanya dan atas doa darinya yang memberikan kesabaran bagi saya, halangan, rintangan yang mencoba menerjang saya luntur berkat kekuatan Tuhanku Yesus Kristus. Thanks Tuhan.... Kedua orang tuaku: Hyasintus. Proklamasi Maxi Ebutho dan Yohanna Fransiska Sarjumiyati yang selalu memberikan doanya, mengajarkan bagaimana pentingnya hidup, bagaimana memberikan cinta kasih, dan bagaimana hidup dengan kesederhanaan, bagaimana menahan rasa gengsi yang tinggi. Terimakasih, I Love You Papa, I Love You Mama. Adikku Yohanes Baptista yang sangat jenius. Makasih ya dek atas segala nasehat, doamu, kesabaranmu. Tanpa kamu saya tidak akan bisa seperti sekarang ini. My Sweet Girls ”Maria Magdalena Wijayanti/White Pig” yang selalu setia menungguku dan sabar membimbingku, kemarahanmu adalah kekuatanku, kasihmu adalah surgaku, kesabaranmu adalah cahaya hidup bagiku. Bapak, Ibuku di Wonosobo yang selalu menasehatiku layaknya orang tuaku sendiri, terimakasih atas semuanya. Almamater saya yang saya cintai, kebanggaan yang takkan pernah saya lupakan sampai kapanpun: Fakultas Sastra Program Studi Ilmu Sejarah Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta. THANKS YOU ALL iv MOTTO: ”Takkan Ada Yang Tak Mungkin BisaJika Kita Bisa Berkata Bisa” v Pernyataan Keaslian Karya Skripsi ini merupakan karya sendiri dan belum pernah saya ajukan sebagai syarat untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan di perguruan tinggi. Skripsi ini tidak memuat karya orang lain atau suatu lembaga atau bagian dari karya orang lain atau suatu lembaga, kecuali bagian-bagian tertentu yang dijadikan sumber. Penulis bertanggungjawab penuh atas kebenaran fakta-fakta berdasarkan sumber-sumber yang diperoleh dalam penulisan skripsi ini. Yogyakarta,8 Desember 2007 Penulis Kwirinus Yosida Kalvaristo vi ABSTRAK Penulisan Skripsi dengan judul: “Ritual Etu Masyarakat Kampung Olaewa Flores 1978-1981”, berusaha mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa mengenai perkembangan ritual Etu yang dipegang teguh oleh masyarakat adat di kampung Olaewa ketika masyarakatnya sampai bermukim di wilayah kawasan pemukiman yang baru sebagai dampak dari akibat adanya gerakan program pada tahun 1978 oleh Gubernur NTT Band Boi, untuk kesejahteraan seluruh lapisan masyarakat dan pada tahun 1981 masyarakat menempati kawasan yang dijadikan perkampungan bagi masyarakat adatnya. Latar belakang masyarakat adat di kampung Olaewa melaksanakan ritual Etu, proses pelaksanaan ritual dan sejauhmana kontribusinya ritual terhadap masyarakat adat, yang semuanya akan dijelaskan dengan mendeskripsikan dan juga menganalisiskannya. Teori yang akan digunakan dalam menganalisis fenomena di atas adalah dengan menggunakan teori fungsional milik Bronislaw Malinowski, sedangkan metode yang digunakan adalah pengumpulan data, analisis data dan penulisan. Kesimpulan yang di dapat dari penelitian ini adalah masyarakat yang menghuni kampung Olaewa merupakan masyarakat yang memiliki tradisi untuk menghargai orang lain sekaligus memiliki rasa saling menghormati, masyarakat adat sadar bahwa sebagai komunitas yang baru sudah seharusnya memperkenalkan diri kepada masyarakat di luar komunitas mereka. Ritual Etu menjadi pegangan hidup bagi masyarakat adat, adanya ritual Etu bagi masyarakat pendukungnya mendapatkan kontribusinya dengan menciptakan eksistensi kepada masyarakat luas serta pandangan yang positif sebagai masyarakat yang berbudi luhur dan memiliki hubungan kekerabatan yang sangat erat, ikatan hubungan kekeluargaan yang mereka tanamkan tidak dapat digeser oleh kekuatan modernisasi. vii ABSTRACT The thesis with the title “Ritual Etu of society in village Olaewa Flores 1978- 1981”, tried to describe and analyze about Etu tradition development that the society of Olaewa Village when their people lived in the new village as the results of program movement in 1978 by Band Boi, Governor of NTT, for the welfare of all the aspect of society in 1981 the society lived in the place which is made as the new settlement for their society. The background of society in Olaewa village did the Etu ritual as a proces and how it contributes to the society will be explained by describing and analyzing it. The theory which is used to analyze the “fenomena” is by using the fungsional theory by Bronislaw Malinowski, the method which is used is collecting the data, analyzing the data and finally writing it. The conclusion which can be draw from this experiment is the society who lived in Olaewa village are society who have tradition to appreciate other people the society realize as the new community introduced them selves to a new society outside their community, that they must explain they are a society who was a brief history. Etu tradition for gets its reward from get thing its contribution from the existension of this society in the other society’s eyes as a people with history and tradition, has a high collaborative connection with each other that can’t be destroyed by the effect of modernization. viii KATA PENGANTAR Dengan mengucapkan puji dan syukur kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas jalan yang diberikannya, cintanya, pertolongan dan kasihnya, penulis berhasil mewujudkan impian dan cita-cita selama ini dengan menyelesaikan skripsi dengan judul: “Ritual Etu Masyarakat Kampung Olaewa Flores 1978-1981”. Penulis menghaturkan rasa hormat kepada bapak Hery Santosa yang dengan segala kesabaran dan ketelitian yang dimilikinya, bersedia memberikan bimbingan kepada penulis. Selaku ketua Program Studi jurusan Ilmu Sejarah walaupun dengan kesibukan dan waktunya yang cukup padat, beliau membimbing dan mengoreksi skripsi ini hingga terwujud. Terimakasih atas nasehat, saran, dan motivasi yang bapak berikan. Penulisan skripsi ini juga tidak terlepas dari peran pihak-pihak lain yang telah memberikan bantuan baik berupa moril maupun materil, baik itu secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Pada kesempatan yang berbahagia ini, penulis juga ingin mengucapkan rasa terimakasih yang tidak terhingga kepada: 1. Para dosen-dosen sejarah karena mereka saya bisa seperti sekarang, kepada Bapak Aji Sampurno (Indonesiana), SRL, Bapak Sandiwan Suharso, Almarhum Bapak G. Moedjanto, Teuku Ibrahim Alfian, Romo Baskara Tulus Wardaya (PUSdEP). SJ, Bapak H. Purwanto, Bapak Budiawan, Romo Banar. SJ, Bapak St. Sunardi, Ibu Susilawati Endah Peni, Bapak Anton Haryono, Ibu Lucia Yuningsih, Bapak Manu. ix 2. Kepada keluarga besar masyarakat kampung Olaewa bapak Pius Dhay Gu, bapak Piet, dan semua pihak yang sudah memberikan waktunya. 3. Bapak Band Boi yang sudah meluangkan sedikit waktunya, terimakasih. 4. Bapak Bupati Piet Nuwa Wea, terimakasih. 5. Kepada keluarga besar saya, keluarga mama : Kakekku, Almarhum Nenek, bu Tutik dan om Mamat, bu Rita dan om Sigit, bude Tri, bu Yanik dan om Wayan, tante Yanti dan om Agus, tante Yuni, tante Ani, om Santo Rawaseneng, bude saya yang ada di Rawaseneng, keluarga dari papa: om Rama, om John, om Piter, om Sensi, tante Diana, mama Ida, mama Devi, mama As(almarhum), om Fensi, Nenek Felix Feto Wea, nenek Pius Dhay Gu, nenek Piet Lengi, nenek Piet, om Oskar, keluarga kampung Olaewa, keluarga Kelimado, keluarga kampung Boawae, dan semua keluarga besar lainnya, terimakasih atas doa dan kesabaran serta dorongannya. 6. Saudara-saudaraku, Kakak-kakakku, Adik-adikku; Hanes, Nanang, Dira, Indah, Yoga, Singgih, Fajar, Lucky, Wikmon, Valdo, Nastri, Billy, Tedi, Ade, Tris, Kak Mira, Ebi, Karin, Manda, Lia, dik Lia, Mbak Siska, Ino, Ivan, Ririn, Meri, dek Lia, kak Betsi, kak Jane, Salmin, Bernard, Gede, Yuce, Serly, mbak Siska, kak Venny, kalian semua penyemangatku, terimakasih atas doa dan dukungannya. 7. Untuk sahabat saya Tina terima kasih atas dorongannya. 8. Mas Tri (sekretariat ilmu sejarah) terimakasih atas bantuannya. 9. Kepada bapak Bupati Ngada Piet Nuwa Wea, bapak Band Boi. 10. Special sangat special, yang hanya bisa aku temukan di Yogyakarta, teman seperjuangan angkatan 02 ilmu sejarah you’re My Best Friends; Gusty Yaser x Arafat, Hendrik Eka Rama K, Daniel Dwi Nugroho, Sukarno, Erlangga Hari Murti (Elang), Markus Y, Iyus, Trex, Biba, Hananto, Eko Fibrianto, Teo (ada rokok), Yoan C, Agus Tabuni, Rogerio, Yohannes Vianey, Theodorus Noviardi, Heridawati, Vila, Devi, Rini, Feni S, Mamik, Nana, Margaretha Eva, Ratih, terimakasih untuk segalanya, ilmu maupun nasehatnya akan aku kenang dan aku coba tuangkan di dalam kehidupanku. Robert (sastra Indonesia), Agus (sastra Indonesia), Kentung (sastra Indonesia), teman KKN 32(Agnes, Danang, Rendeng, Rini, Lukas, mas Vincent, Murni, Afril)dan kelompok-kelompok Ngandong, Pak Lurah Ngandong”Pak Joko teman ilmu sejarah Icsmi, Teo, Ifa, Atik, Teo, Eric, Darwin, Bondan, Suster, Edy Pramana, Keke, Afda, Anggi, Yoga, Sundari, Dedi, Anong, Anggoro, Luperno, Ana, Nana, Max, Hafein, Eno, Mita, mbak Monik, Kae Hendrik (papi), pokoknya mulai dari angkatan 1999-2006 tanpa kalian semua saya tidak akan bisa seperti sekarang. Thanks Thanks 11. Kos Holiwood, ketenangan, kedamaian, curahan hati yang tak terlupakan serta spirit
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