The Life of Sultan Hamengku Buwono IX of Yogyakarta
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Covert Action to Prevent Realignment by Cullen Gifford Nutt
Sooner Is Better: Covert Action to Prevent Realignment by Cullen Gifford Nutt September 2019 ABSTRACT Why do states intervene covertly in some places and not others? This is a pressing question for theorists and policymakers because covert action is widespread, costly, and consequential. I argue that states wield it—whether by supporting political parties, arming dissidents, sponsoring coups, or assassinating leaders—when they fear that a target is at risk of shifting its alignment toward the state that the intervener considers most threatening. Covert action is a rational response to the threat of realignment. Interveners correctly recognize a window of opportunity: Owing to its circumscribed nature, covert action is more likely to be effective before realignment than after. This means that acting sooner is better. I test this argument in case studies of covert action decision-making by the United States in Indonesia, Iraq, and Portugal. I then conduct a test of the theory’s power in a medium-N analysis of 97 cases of serious consideration of such action by the United States during the Cold War. Interveners, I suggest, do not employ covert action as a result of bias on the part of intelligence agencies. Nor do they use it to add to their power. Rather, states act covertly when they fear international realignment. 1 Chapter 1: Introduction 1. The Puzzle and Its Importance In April 1974, military officers in Portugal overthrew a right-wing dictatorship. A caretaker government under a conservative officer, Antonio Spínola, set elections for March of 1975. But Spínola resigned at the end of September, frustrated with menacing opposition from the left. -
Surrealist Painting in Yogyakarta Martinus Dwi Marianto University of Wollongong
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 1995 Surrealist painting in Yogyakarta Martinus Dwi Marianto University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Marianto, Martinus Dwi, Surrealist painting in Yogyakarta, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Faculty of Creative Arts, University of Wollongong, 1995. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/1757 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] SURREALIST PAINTING IN YOGYAKARTA A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY from UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG by MARTINUS DWI MARIANTO B.F.A (STSRI 'ASRT, Yogyakarta) M.F.A. (Rhode Island School of Design, USA) FACULTY OF CREATIVE ARTS 1995 CERTIFICATION I certify that this work has not been submitted for a degree to any other university or institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by any other person, except where due reference has been made in the text. Martinus Dwi Marianto July 1995 ABSTRACT Surrealist painting flourished in Yogyakarta around the middle of the 1980s to early 1990s. It became popular amongst art students in Yogyakarta, and formed a significant style of painting which generally is characterised by the use of casual juxtapositions of disparate ideas and subjects resulting in absurd, startling, and sometimes disturbing images. In this thesis, Yogyakartan Surrealism is seen as the expression in painting of various social, cultural, and economic developments taking place rapidly and simultaneously in Yogyakarta's urban landscape. -
Welfare in Transition
Welfare in Transition The Political Economy of Social Protection Reform in Indonesia Maryke van Diermen Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology and Development Studies School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts University of Adelaide December 2017 Declaration I certify that this work contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in my name in any university or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. In addition, I certify that no part of this work will, in the future, be used in a submission in my name for any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution without the prior approval of the University of Adelaide and where applicable, any partner institution responsible for the joint award of this degree. I give permission for the digital version of my thesis to be made available on the web, via the University's digital research repository, the Library Search and also through web search engines, unless permission has been granted by the University to restrict access for a period of time. I acknowledge the support I have received for my research through the provision of an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. Signature of candidate: Date: 10/07/18 ii Acknowledgements This thesis would not have been possible without the support I have received from many people. I am thankful to them all but I wish to mention some in particular. -
461114 1 En Bookbackmatter 209..247
Conclusion: Convergent Paths In November 1945, the President of the Republic of Vietnam, Hồ Chí Minh, sent a letter addressed to ‘the President of the Republic of Indonesia’, proposing that a joint declaration of solidarity to be made by Indonesia and Vietnam in the form of a ‘Preparatory Commission Struggling for a Federation of the Free Peoples of Southern Asia’. The letter, entrusted to an American journalist named Harold Isaacs, did not reach President Soekarno.1 It was handed to Vice-President Mohammad Hatta, who then passed it on to Prime Minister Sutan Sjahrir. Sjahrir discussed the offer with Soedjatmoko Koko, the interpreter to foreign correspon- dents of the Republican government, but told him that he would not reply and preferred just to ignore the letter. Sjahrir indifference sprang from his conviction that the situation in Indonesia and Vietnam were very different. The Indonesian nationalists were up against the Dutch, who were ‘a weak colonial power and could be defeated quickly.’ Hồ Chí Minh had to contend with the French, who could and would resist him for a long time. Furthermore, he looked askance at the fact that the DRV government depended on support from the communists, which was not the case in Indonesia. In conclusion, Sjahrir argued, ‘If we ally ourselves with Hồ Chí Minh, we shall weaken ourselves and delay Independence.’2 The story of the missed opportunity for cooperation between Vietnam and Indonesia3 as a result of Sjahrir’s ‘betrayal of the greater Asian revolution’,as 1Harold Robert Isaacs is the author of No Peace for Asia, which has been cited widely in this dissertation. -
Space and Myth in Surakarta Kasunanan Palace, Indonesia
SPACE AND MYTH IN SURAKARTA KASUNANAN PALACE, INDONESIA A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF SPATIAL AND MYTHICAL QUALITIES OF THE PALACE AND HOW THEY RELATE TO THE POWER AND AUTHORITY OF THE K1NG/DOM By WAHYU DEWANTO (Architect) SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE & URBAN DESIGN UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA LAUNCESTON U-S-T-R-A-L—I-A NOVEMBER 1997 STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY OF MATERIAL This dissertation contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any institution and to the best of my knowledge and belief, the research contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text of the dissertation. ahyu Dewanto Launceston, 21 November 1997 STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY OF ACCESS TO LOAN AND COPYING The University of Tasmania and its approved officers and representatives are authorised to loan or make limited copies of this dissertation for general dispersal in the interests of academic research, subject to the Copyright act 1968. Signed Wahyu Dewanto Launceston, 21 November 1997 111 abstract Surakarta Kasunanan palace, in central Java, is an important part of the heritage of the Indonesian nation. It is regarded as a centre of Javanese culture. The architecture of the palace represents the complexity of Indonesian culture, where local tradition and external social, cultural and religious influences are manifested in the form and structure. Surakarta Kasunanan palace as a whole is considered a sacred place, gives a religious impression and reflects the characteristics of the kingdom. -
Fragility, Aid, and State-Building
Fragility, Aid, and State-building Fragile states pose major development and security challenges. Considerable international resources are therefore devoted to state-building and institutional strengthening in fragile states, with generally mixed results. This volume explores how unpacking the concept of fragility and studying its dimensions and forms can help to build policy-relevant under- standings of how states become more resilient and the role of aid therein. It highlights the particular challenges for donors in dealing with ‘chronically’ (as opposed to ‘temporarily’) fragile states and those with weak legitimacy, as well as how unpacking fragility can provide traction on how to take ‘local context’ into account. Three chapters present new analysis from innovative initiatives to study fragility and fragile state transitions in cross- national perspective. Four chapters offer new focused analysis of selected countries, drawing on comparative methods and spotlighting the role of aid versus historical, institu- tional and other factors. It has become a truism that one-size-fits-all policies do not work in development, whether in fragile or non-fragile states. This should not be confused with a broader rejection of ‘off-the-rack’ policy models that can then be further adjusted in particular situations. Systematic thinking about varieties of fragility helps us to develop this range, drawing lessons – appropriately – from past experience. This book was originally published as a special issue of Third World Quarterly, and is available online as an Open Access monograph. Rachel M. Gisselquist is a political scientist and currently a Research Fellow with UNU-WIDER. She works on the politics of the developing world, with particular attention to ethnic politics and group-based inequality, state fragility, governance and democratiza- tion in sub-Saharan Africa. -
Dissertation Information Service
INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a manuscript sent to us for publication and microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to pho tograph and reproduce this manuscript, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. Pages in any manuscript may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. Manuscripts may not always be complete. When it is not possible to obtain missing pages, a note appears to indicate this. 2. When copyrighted materials are removed from the manuscript, a note ap pears to indicate this. 3. Oversize materials (maps, drawings, and charts) are photographed by sec tioning the original, beginning at the upper left hand comer and continu ing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each oversize page is also filmed as one exposure and is available, for an additional charge, as a standard 35mm slide or m black and white paper format.* 4. Most photographs reproduce acceptably on positive microfilm or micro fiche but lack clarity on xerographic copies made from the microfilm. For an additional charge, all photographs are available in black and white standard 35mm slide format.* *For more information about black and white slides or enlarged paper reproductions, please contact the Dissertations Customer Services Department. Dissertation Information Service University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 t 8618844 Saleh, Abdul Aziz DETERMINANTS OF ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDONESIA The Ohio State University Ph.D. -
Table of Content
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Elites and economic policies in Indonesia and Nigeria, 1966-1998 Fuady, A.H. Publication date 2012 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Fuady, A. H. (2012). Elites and economic policies in Indonesia and Nigeria, 1966-1998. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:29 Sep 2021 Chapter 6 Elites and Industrialization Policy Industrialization has been regarded as a major factor contributing to divergent economic development in Asia and Africa. This has also been a feature of Indonesia–Nigeria comparisons since the 1980s. Since the mid- 1980s, the manufacturing sector has been an engine of growth in Indonesia. Contribution of the sector to the country‟s GDP increased significantly, from 8 percent in 1965 to 29 percent in 2003 (World Bank, 2007b). -
Peran Sri Susuhunan Pakubuwono Xii Dalam Mempertahankan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (1945-1949)
PERAN SRI SUSUHUNAN PAKUBUWONO XII DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN KEMERDEKAAN INDONESIA (1945-1949) RINGKASAN SKRIPSI Oleh: M Arief Sasono 10406244038 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA 2017 2 PERAN SRI SUSUHUNAN PAKUBUWONO XII DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN KEMERDEKAAN INDONESIA (1945-1949) Oleh: M Arief Sasono dan Dr .Aman, M.Pd ABSTRAK Proklamasi Kemerdekaan pada tanggal 17 Agustus 1945 bukan akhir dari perjuangan Indonesia. Rakyat Indonesia masih berjuang dalam mempertahankan kemerdekaan. Tujuan dari penulisan Skripsi ini untuk: (1) mengetahui perjuangan masyarakat dan kondisi Surakarta pasca Kemerdekaan. (2) mengetahui latar belakang Sri Susuhunan Pakubuwono XII (3). Mengetahui peran Sri Susuhunan Pakubuwono XII dalam mempertahankan Kemerdekaan Metode yang digunakan dalam skripsi ini menggunakan metodelogi yang ditulis oleh Kuntowijoyo. Metode Tersebut meliputi pemilihan topik, pengumpulan sumber, verifikasi, interpretasi dan Historiografi atau penulisan sejarah. Semua metode tersebut sudah dilakukan oleh penulis dalam menyusun skripsi ini. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu (1) Perjuangan di Surakarta melibatkan KNI, pemuda, tokoh, bangsawan dan Sri Susuhunan Pakubuwono XII Dan pada akhirnya warga berhasil mengambil alih kekuasaan serta melucuti senjata tentara penjajah. (2) Pakubuwono XII lahir di Surakarta pada Selasa Legi tanggal 14 April 1925, dan diangkat menjadi raja di Keraton Surakarta pada usia yang sangat muda yaitu usia 20 tahun. Beliau juga dikenal dengan raja 3 jaman dengan lama memimpin 48 tahun. Atas pengabdiannya bagi Indonesia, maka Pakubuwana XII diberikan piagam penghargaan dan medali perjuangan angkatan ’45 yang ditetapkan oleh Dewan Harian Nasional Angkatan-45 di Jakarta. Piagam merupakan bukti kesetiaannya kepada Negara Kesatuan RI dan atas nasionalisme yang dalam di masa perjuangan kemerdekaan. (3) Peran PakuBuwono XII antara lain mengorbankan kekayaan keraton yang dimiliki seperti emas dan persenjataan yang sangat banyak, bahkan menyebabkan Keraton sendiri defisit. -
PEMIKIRAN SOEDJATMOKO TENTANG NASIONALISME Analisis Konten Dari Buku-Buku Karangan Soedjatmoko
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository Universitas Negeri Jakarta PEMIKIRAN SOEDJATMOKO TENTANG NASIONALISME Analisis Konten dari Buku-buku Karangan Soedjatmoko Ayu Rahayu 4115133797 Skripsi yang ditulis untuk memenuhi salah satu persyaratan dalam memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pendidikan PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DAN KEWARGANEGARAAN FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA 2018 2 ABSTRAK AYU RAHAYU, Pemikiran Soedjatmoko tentang Nasionalisme, Analisis Konten dari Buku-buku Karangan Soedjatmoko. Skripsi. Jakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Desember 2017. Penelitian ini meneliti rasa nasionalisme yang kerap digaungkan. Meski rasa nasionalisme hanya menjadi slogan semata. Orang-orang yang berbicara nasionalisme namun tidak tahu pasti arti, makna dan tindakan dari rasa Nasionalisme. Sebab, pengasahan nasionalisme dipisahkan dari sejarah bangsa. Nasionalisme tanpa melihat kembali konteks sejarah hanya menuai konflik. Untuk menghindari nasionalisme dangkal, diadakanlah penggalian gagasan dari Soedjatmoko. Penelitian ini diajukan untuk mengolah pemikiran Soedjatmoko tentang Nasionalisme. Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik Analisis menggunakan analisis konten pada buku-buku karangan Soedjatmoko Tiga buku dipilih untuk memenuhi teknik analisis. Tiga buku karangan Soedjatmoko berjudul Kebudayaan Sosialis, Dilema Manusia dalam Pembangunan dan Pembangunan dan Kebebasan. Dari -
Asia Society Presents Music and Dance of Yogyakarta
Asia Society Presents Music and Dance of Yogyakarta Sunday, November 11, 2018 7:00 P.M. Asia Society 725 Park Avenue at 70th Street New York City This program is approximately ninety minutes with no intermission In conjunction with a visit from Hamengkubuwono X, the Sultan of Yogyakarta in Indonesia, Asia Society hosts a performance by the court dancers and musicians of Yogyakarta. The Palace of Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat is the cultural heart of the city. From generation to generation, the Sultans of Yogyakarta are the traditional governors of the city and responsible for passing on art and culture heritage. The entire royal family is involved in preserving these art forms, and the troupe must perform with a member of the royal family present. The dances from Yogyakarta will be accompanied by gamelan music native to Java. Program Golek Menak Umarmaya Umarmadi Dance Masked Dance Fragment (Wayang Wong) “Klana Sewandana Gandrung” Bedhaya Sang Amurwabhumi About the forms: Golek Menak The golek menak is a contemporary example of the seminal influence exerted by the puppet theater on other Javanese performing arts. This dance was inspired by the stick–puppet theater (wayang golek), popular in the rural area of Yogyakarta. Using the three dimensional rod-puppets, it portrays episodes from a series of stories known as menak. Unlike the high-art wayang kulit (shadow puppets), it is a village entertainment, and it did not flourish at the court. As a dance drama, golek menak focuses on imitating this rod-puppet theater with amazing faithfulness. Human dancers realistically imitate the smallest details of puppet movement, right down to the stylized breathing of the puppets. -
National Heroes in Indonesian History Text Book
Paramita:Paramita: Historical Historical Studies Studies Journal, Journal, 29(2) 29(2) 2019: 2019 119 -129 ISSN: 0854-0039, E-ISSN: 2407-5825 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v29i2.16217 NATIONAL HEROES IN INDONESIAN HISTORY TEXT BOOK Suwito Eko Pramono, Tsabit Azinar Ahmad, Putri Agus Wijayati Department of History, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang ABSTRACT ABSTRAK History education has an essential role in Pendidikan sejarah memiliki peran penting building the character of society. One of the dalam membangun karakter masyarakat. Sa- advantages of learning history in terms of val- lah satu keuntungan dari belajar sejarah dalam ue inculcation is the existence of a hero who is hal penanaman nilai adalah keberadaan pahla- made a role model. Historical figures become wan yang dijadikan panutan. Tokoh sejarah best practices in the internalization of values. menjadi praktik terbaik dalam internalisasi However, the study of heroism and efforts to nilai. Namun, studi tentang kepahlawanan instill it in history learning has not been done dan upaya menanamkannya dalam pembelaja- much. Therefore, researchers are interested in ran sejarah belum banyak dilakukan. Oleh reviewing the values of bravery and internali- karena itu, peneliti tertarik untuk meninjau zation in education. Through textbook studies nilai-nilai keberanian dan internalisasi dalam and curriculum analysis, researchers can col- pendidikan. Melalui studi buku teks dan ana- lect data about national heroes in the context lisis kurikulum, peneliti dapat mengumpulkan of learning. The results showed that not all data tentang pahlawan nasional dalam national heroes were included in textbooks. konteks pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian Besides, not all the heroes mentioned in the menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua pahlawan book are specifically reviewed.