ISSN 0254-380 X

MARINE HI$3HJI ICAR INFORMATION SERVICE

No. 111

1

W^7ftSf9t XZ1T TECHNICAL AND t^r^rin: 3f^»Tac^t EXTENSION SERIES ite^tcr snpfl" *nk*ucbl CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES 3?^AUFT TTFCIW RESEARCH INSTITUTE QSffiCT, WTCT COCHIN,

NDIAN COUNCIL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SCIENTIFIC, POPULAR AND LOCAL NAMES OF COMMON MARINE LIVING RESOURCES ALONG THE COROMANDAL COAST WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FINFISHES AND SHELLFISHES*

Tamllnadu, with a coast line of nearly 1,000 present account would meet the long felt need for km ranks third in the marine production of information in this regard. India and contributed an average of 2.5 lakh tonnes of during the period, 1985 - '89. Apart from the conventional finfishes and Nearly 60% of the population of the state relish shellfishes, non-conventional groups such as sea­ fishes besides other marine resources such as weeds, gorgonids, jelly-fishes, sea snakes and , , lobsters and cephalopods. marine birds have been included in this list. Some of the endangered groups like marine turtles and The coastal districts viz., Chengelpet. marine mammals which are protected under Madras, South Arcot and Tanjore together with Indian Wildlife Act are also listed though they the Union Territory of Pondicherry (including occur as incidental catches or occasionally Karaikal) comprising the Coromandal coast, having stranded along the coast. the coastal stretch of more than 400 km with nearly 200 landing centres contribute a sizable As regards fishes, the various families have share to the marine fish landings of Tamllnadu. been recognized as per Berg (1940). The scientific With three important landing places for mecha­ and popular names of fishes In English have been nised fishing vessels viz., Madras, Cuddalore and given as indicated in FAO Identification Pazhayar fisheries harbours, the Coromandal Sheets (Fishing area 57 & 71, 1974 and area 51, coast plays an important role in augmenting the 1984), Munro (1955) and Talwar (1984). For other marine fish production of the state, landing a marine groups also latest nomenclature and large variety of finfishes and shellfishes. common names in Tamil to the extent possible have been given. The genera and species of Scientific, popular and local names of fin various groups of finfishes and shellfishes have and shell-fishes are highly useful to those inter­ been arranged In alphabetical to enable the ested in general and fishing industry in particular. user to locate easily the species. Apart from limited information, no attempt has been made so far to list the scientific names of A total of 192 species of fishes and 116 common fin and shellfishes available along this species of shellfishes have been dealt with In this coast with their prevalent local names. Hence, the study besides the different species of other and plant groups.

Groups Family Spelces No. Genus/Species Common name Local name 1 2 3 4 5 6

ELASMOBRANCHS

A. Sharks Hemiscyllidae CMoscyUium 1. C. indicum (Gemlin) Ridge-back cat shark Korangu sorrah

Rhinlodontidae Rhiniodon 2. R. typus Smith Whale shark Pulli udubmab sorrah, Aminiuluvai

Stegostomatldae Stegostoma 3. S. rasciatum (Her­ Zebra shark Korangu sorrah, Vari mann) sorrah

Carcharhinidae Carcharhlrms 4. C. tanbatus (Val.) Grey shark, Black- Kundan sorrah tip shark

• Prepared by P. Thirumilu, P. K. Mahadevan Pillai and P. Poovannan, Madras Research Centre of C. M. F. R I., Madras. 5. C. longimanus (Poey) Oceanic white-tip shark Periya sorrah 6. C. melanopterus Black shark, Blackfln Karamudi sorrah (Quoy & Gaimard) shark

Galeocerdo 7. G. cuvieri (Peron & Le Tiger shark Valluvan sorrah, Sueur)

Rhizoprlonodon 8. JR. acutus (Ruppell) Milk dog-shark Pal sorrah

Scoliodon 9. S. laticaudus Muller Spade-nose shark Pillal sorrah &Henle

B. Skates Rhlnobatldae Rhinobatos 10. R. granulosus Cuvier Granulated shovel- Padangan, Kalluvai nose ray

11. R. djlddensis White-spotted shovel- Paal uluval, Uluval, (Forsskal) nose ray Katchu uluval

Prlstidae Pristis 12. P. microdon Lathan Samll-toothed sawfish Vela schura 13. P. pectinata Lathan Green sawfish Velaa meen, Uluvai

C. Rays Dasyatldae Dasyatis 14. D. bteekeri (Blyth) White-tall sting ray Saman thlrukkai 15. D. kiMit (Muller & Blue-spotted sting ray Sembadathan Henle) 16. D. microps (Ann- Stingray Sembadathan andale) 17. D. zugei (Muller & Pale-edged sting ray Manal thlrukkai, Henle) Chumbara thlrukkai

Myllobatldae Aetobatus 18. A. narinari (Euph Spot-edged ray Kurlvl thirukkai rasen)

Rhlnopterldae Rhinoptera 19. JR. adspersa Muller & Rough cow ray Surul thlrukkai Henle 20. R. javanica Muller & Javanese cow ray Surul thirukkai Henle

Mobulidae Manta 21. M. birostris (Donn- Giant devil ray Kombu thirukkai dorfi) Torpedlnldae Narcine 22. N. ttmlel (Bloch & Spotted electric ray Thlmilll thlrukkai Schneider) BONY FISHES

Sardines & Shads

Clupeidae Dussumebia 23. D. acuta Val. Rainbow sardine Motha kendai SardineUa. 24. S. albella (Val.) Shortbody sardine Thatta kavalai, Choodal 25. S. brachysoma Bleeker Deep-body sardine Usl kavalai 26. S. dayi Regan Day's sardine Kavalai, Choodai

2 27. S. ,/lmbrfata (Val.) Fringe-scale sardine Nedum kavalai, choodal 28. S. gibbosa (Bleeker) Gold striped sardine Nachalai, Neethu kavalai 29. S. longtceps Val. Indian oil sardine Math! 30. S. sirm (Walbaum) Spotted sardine Keeri meen, Vari kavali

PrisUgasteridae PeUona

31. P. dltchela Indian pellona Kuthuva

Anchovies Engraulidae Coilia 32. C. dussumteri Val. Gold spotted grena­ Thogai meen dier

Thryssa 33. T. dussumiert Val. Dussumier's anchovy Sempurava 34. T. mystax (Schneider) Moustached anchovy Poruva, Nedum poruva 35. T. purava (Hamilton & Puruva anchovy Nedum poruva Buchanan)

Stdephorus 36. S. commersonii Commerson's anchovy Nethill Lacepede 37. S. devisi (Whitelay) Davfs anchovy Nethili 38. S. indlcus (van Indian anchovy Nethill Hasselt) 39. S. waitei Jordan & Spotfaced anchovy Nethill Scale

Wolf-herrings Chlrocentridae Chirocentrus 40. C. dorab (Forsskal) Dorab wolf herring Mullu valai, Valai 41. C. nudus Swalnson Whitet in wolf herring Mullu valai, Valai

Chanos Chanidae 42. C. chanos (Forsskal) Milk fish Pal meen. Pal kendai

Lizard fishes Synodontidae Saurida 43. S. tumbil (Bloch) Greater lizard fish Uluvai, Thumbili 44. S. undosquamis Brush-tooth lizard fish Thumlli (Richardson)

Synodus 45. S. indicus (Day) Indian lizard fish Thumbili 46. S. variegatus Variegated lizard fish Thumbili (Lacepede) Trachynocephalus 47. T. myops (Forster) Blunt-nose lizard fish Thumili

Catflshes Arlidae Arius 48. A, dussumieriVal. Dussumier's cat fish Mandal keluru, Kelutty 49. A.Jella Day Small-eye cat fish Vellai-ettah, Keluthi 50. A. tenuisplnls Day Slender spined cat fish Mandal keluru

51. A. thalasslrws Giant cat fish Mandal keluru (Ruppell)

Eels Anguillidae Anguilla 52. A. blcolor bicolor Level finned eel Vellanagoo, Serum McClelland pambu 53. A. bengalensis benga- Long finned eel Vellanagoo, Serum lensis (Gray) pambu

3 Muraenesocidae Congresax 54. C. talabon (Cuvier) Yellow pike-conger Kulivl pambu 55. C. talabanoides Indian pike-conger Kulivl pambu (Bleeker)

Muraenesox 56. M. cinereus (Forsskal) Dagger-tooth pike Kadal pambu conger

Flying fishes Exocoetidae Cheilopogon 57. C./urcatus (Mitchlll) Spot-fin flying fish Paravai kola

Exocoetus 58. E. voUtans (Linnaeus) Two-winged flying fish Paravai kola

Full beaks Belonidae Strongylura 59. S. strongylura (van Round-tall needle fish Usl kola Hasselt)

Tylosurus 60. T. cnocodttus crocodil- Forktail alligator gar Usl kola us (Person & LeSueur)

Half beaks Hemirhamphidae Hemirhamphus 61. H. Jar (Forsskal) Needle fish, Black bar­ Usi kola red half beak

Rhyncorhampus 62. R. georgil (Val.) Malabar half-beak. Usl kola Long-billed half-beak

Sea horses. Syngnathldae Hippocampus Pipe fishes 63. H. kuda Bleeker Sea horse Kadal kuthirai

Syngnathus 64. S. spictfer djarong Slender pipe fish Kulal meen (Bleeker)

Soldier fish, Holocentridae Myiipristis Squirrel fish 65. M. mwdjan Pinecone soldier fish Karuppuval putcha- (Forsskal) kannl

Sargocentron 66. S. rubrum (Forsskal) Red solider fish Chengull, Parakanni Barracudas Sphyraenidae Sphyraena 67. S. barracuda Great barracuda Ooli, Thlrryan (Walbaum) 68. S.Jello Cuvier Banded barracuda Ooll, Thlrrya

Mullets Mugilldae Uza 69. L macrolepis (Smith) Borneo mullet Madaval, Avela meen 70. L parsia Hamil. & Gold-spot mullet Madaval, Avela meen Buch.

Mugi 71. M. cephahis Linnaeus Flat-head grey mullet Madaval, Kasmeen

Thread fins Poh/nemldae Eteutheronema 72. E. tetradactylum Four-finger threadfln Ma-kala, Kala (Shaw)

Mynemua 73. P. heptadactylus Seven-finger threadfin Ma-kala, Kala Cuvier

4 74. P. indlcus Shaw Indian threadfln Kala 75. P. sextarius Schneider Black-spot threadfln Katti kala, Kala

Sea perches, Ambassidae Ambassis 76. A. commersoni Commerson's glassy Selanthan Cuvler perchlet 77. A. gymnocephalus Naked-head glassy Selanthan (Lacepede) perchlet

Centropomidae Lobes 78. L. calcartfer (Bloch) Giant sea perch Koduva, Painee meen

Groupers Serranidae Epinephelus 79. E. diacanthus (Val.) Six-barred reef cod Kalava 80. E. chlorostigma (Val.) Brown-spotted reef cod Kalava 81. E. latlfasciatus (Tenun- Banded grouper Kalava lnck & Schlegel) 82. E. undulosus (Quoy Brown banded reef cod Kalava &Gaimard)

Tiger perches Teraponldae Terapon 83. T.Jarbua (Forsskal) Jarbua therapon Keechan, Keeli 84. T. puta (Cuvler) Small-scaled tiger perch Keechan 85. T. theraps (Cuvler) Large-scaled tiger perch Kuttl-keechan

Bulls eyes Prlacanthldae Priacanthus 86. P. cruentatus Blood-coloured bulls eye Kakkasi Lacepede) 87. P. hamrur (Forsskal) Dusky-finned bulls eye Kakkasi 88. P. tayenus Richardson Spot-finned bulls eye Kakkasi Purple spotted bulls eye

Cardinal Apogonidae Apogon 89. A. quadryaciatus Four-lined cardinal fish Pusuvai

Archamia 90. A.Jucata Spotted cardinal fish Pusuval

Whitings Sillaglnldae Stllago 91. S. slhama (Forsskal) Silver whiting Kelangan

White fishes Lactarildae Lactarius 92. L lactarius (Bloch fit White fish false Sudumbu, Scheneider) trevelly Suthumbu Cobias Rachycentridae Rachycentron 93. R. canadus Cobia Cadal vera!

Carangids Carangldae Carangotdes 94. C. cfuydophrys Longnose trevally Parai (Cuvler)

Caranx 96. C. Ignobtks (Forsskal) Yellowfin trevally Manchal killu paral 97. C. sexfasciatus Quoy Dusky trevally Usi parai and Galmard

Decapterus 98. D. russelli (Ruppell) Russell's scad Klllchai

Megalaspis 99. M. cordyla (Linnaeus) Hard tall scad Killchal

Scomberokles 100. S. commersonianus Talang queen fish Tol parai Lacepede

5 101. S. lysan (Forsskal) Double-spotted Katta parai queen fish

Black pomfrets Parastromateus 102. P. niger (Bloch) Black pomfret Vauval, Karuvauval

Moonfish Menidae Mene 103. M. maculata (Bloch & Moonfish Ambattan paral, Schneider) Ambathi kathi

Dolfln fishes Coryphaenidae Coryphaena 104. C. htppurus Dolfln fish Koppurai kola Linnaeus

Redbaits Emmelicthyidae Dip terygonotus 105. D. leucogrammicus Redbait Arna meen Bleeker

Snappers Lutjanidae Lutjarms 106. L argentimaculatus Mangrove red snapper Pulli karayan, (Forsskal) Noolani 107. Ljohni (Bloch) John's snapper Parithi velameen 108. Llujanus (Bloch) Blgye snapper Noolani 109. Lmdabaricus Malabar red snapper Noolani (Bloch& Schneider

Pristipomoides 110. P.typus Bleeker Sharp-tooth snapper Lomia

Threadfln breams Nemlpterldae Nemlpterus 111. N. Ueekeri (Day) Delagoan threadfln Changarah bream 112. N.Japonicus (Bloch) Japanese threadfln Changarah bream 113. JV. metoplas (Bleeker) Slender threadfln Changarah bream 114. N. peronU (Val.) Persons threadfln Changarah bream

SUverbellles Lelognathldae Gazza (Ponyfishes) 115. G. mirvuta (Bloch) Toothed pony fish Sudumbu karal

Leiognathus 116. L. bindus (Val.) Orange-fln pony fish Theevetti karal 117. L brevtrostris (Val.) Short-nose pony fish Theevetti karal 118. L berbis (Val.) Lined pony fish Usl karal 119. L. daura (Cuvler) Golden-stripped Karal pony fish 120. L dussumleri (Val.) Dussumler's pony fish Karal 121. L equulus (Forsskal) Common pony fish Varl karal 122. L splendens (Cuvler) Splendid pony fish Kalikaral

Mojarras Gerrldae Secutor 123. S. tnsidiator (Bloch) Pug-nose pony fish Karal 124. S. rucontus (Hamilton- Deep pug-nose pony Karal Buchanan) fish

Mq] arras Gerrldae Gerres 125. G. jilamentosus Culver Whip-fin mojarra Oodan, Poonan- thartha 126. G. macracanthus Blgeye mojarra Oodan, Poonan- Bleeker thartha

6 Grunters Haemulidae Pomadasys 127. P. kakkan (Cuvier) Lined silver grunt Kaakka meen 128. P. maculatiim (Bloch) Blotched grunt Korukkai

Croakers Sciaenidae Johnieops 129. J. aneus (Bloch) Bloch's croaker Karun kathalal 130. J. sina (Cuvier) Sin-croaker Karun kathalai

Johntus 131. J. carutta Bloch Karut croaker Pulli kathalal 132. J. dussumleri (Val.) Spotted croaker Vari kathalai

Kathala 133. K. axillaris (Cuvier) Kathala croaker Kathalai

Protonlbea 134. P. diacanthus Spotted croaker Kooral (Lacepede)

Otolithes 135. O. awieri Trewavas Lesser tiger-toothed Panna kathalai croaker 136. O. ruber (Schneider) Tiger-toothed croaker Panna kathalai

Pig face breams Lethrinidae bethrinus 137. L. elongatus Val. Long face pig face bream Velameen 138. L. nebulosus (Forsskal) Starry emperor bream Velameen 139. L. ornatus val. Ornate emperor bream Velameen

Goat fishes Mullldae Parupeneus 140. P. indicus (Snaw) Indian goat fish Nakarai

Upeneus 141. U. moluccensis Gold-band goat fish Nakaral (Bleeker) 142. U. sulphureus Cuvier Yellow goat fish Chen nakaral, Nakarai 143. U. vittatus (Forsskal) Yellow-striped Nakarai goat fish

Moon fishes Monodactylidae Monodactykis 144. M. argenteus Silver bat fish Purrandal (Linnaeus)

Spade fishes Ephippidae Ephlppus 145. E. orbis Playfair Spade fish Pasanthi, Vari pasanthi

Sickle fishes Drepanidae Drepane 146. D. longlmana (Bloch Barred sickle fish Pasanthi, Vari & Schneider) pasanthi 147. D. punctata Spotted sickle fish Pasanthi, Pulli (Linnaeus) pasanthi

Butter fish Scatophagidae Scatophagus 148. S. argus (Linnaeus) Spotted butter fish Sippili

Coral fishes Chaetodontldae Chaetodon 149. C. aurtga (Forsskal) Filamented coral fish Chudukan, Puvali, Karuvel 150. C. trtfasciatum Park Yellow headed coral fish Chukudan, Puvali

Rabbit fishes Siganidae Siganus 151. S.juxms (Linnaeus) Streaked spine foot Kolhimeen 152. S. canaltculatus (Park) White-spotted spine foot Kolhimeen

7 Ribbon fishes Trichiuridae Eupleurogrammus 153. E. muttcus (Gray) Inshore hair tail Valai

Leptwacanthus 154. L savala (Cuvier) Small-head hair tail Savalai, valai

Trtchiurus 155. T. lepturus (Linnaeus) Large-head hair tail Savalai, valai

Tunas, Mackerels Scombridae Acanthocy bium and Seer fishes 156. A. solandari (Cuvier) Wahoo Cheela meen

Euthynnus 157. E. qffinis (Cantor) Little Ratha sural

Katsuwonus 158. K. pelamis (Linnaeus) Skipjack tuna Sural

Rastrelliger 159. R. brachysoma Short-bodied mackerel Kanangeluthi, Kumla (Bleeker) 160. R. kanagurta (Cuvier) Indian mackerel Kanangeluthi, Kumla

Scomberomorus 161. S. commerson Narrow-barred seer fish Mavulasi, Cheela (Lacepede) 162. S. guttatus (Bloch & Indo-pacific seer fish Vanjram, Naimeen Schneider) 163. S. Itneolatus Cuvier Streaked seer fish Van] ram, Naimeen

Thunnus 164. T. albacares Yellow fin tuna Sural (Bonnaterre) 165. T. tonggol (Bleeker) Long tail tuna Sural

Sail fishes Istiophoridae Isttophorus (Marlins) 166. I. platypterus (Shaw Sail fish Mayilmeen & Nodder)

Sword fishes Xiphidae Xlphias 167. X. gladius Linnaeus Sword fish Kadu koppara Pomfrets Stromateldae Pampus 168. P. argenteus Silver pomfret Vaval, vella vaval (Euphrasen) 169. P. chinensis Chinese silver pomfret Vaval Euphrasen)

Drift fishes Ariommidae Ariomma 170. A. indica (Day) Indian drift fish Sethappa parai

Scorpion fishes Scorpaenidae Pterols 171. P. russelli Bennet Plaintail turkey fish Saval meen 172. P. volitans (Linnaeus) Winged fire fish Saval meen

Flat heads Platycephalidae Piatycephalus 173. P. indicus (Linnaeus) Indian flat head Oduppathi

Indian halibuts Psettodidae Psettodes 174. P. erumei (Schneider) Indian halibut Erumai nakku

Flounders Bothidae Pseudorhombus 175. P. arsius (Hamilton) Large-toothed flounder Nakkumeen

8 176. P. trtoceUatus Three-spotted flounder Nakkumeen (Schneider)

Tongue soles Cynoglossidae Cynoglossus 177. C. arel (Schenelder) Large scale tongue sole Naakku meen 178. C. bilineatus Four lined tongue sole Naakku meen (Lacepede) 179. C. Ma (Bleeker) Long tongue sole Naakku meen 180. C. macrostomus Indian tongue sole Naakku meen Norman

Sucker fishes Echenldae Echenets 181. E. naucratus Linnaeus Slender sucker fish Attal meen, Ural, Karungora

Tripod fishes Triacanthidae Pseudotriacanthus 182. P. strlgOiJer (Cantor) Long spined tripod Mulluklathi flsh

Triacanthus 183. T. blacideatus (Bloch) Short nosed tripod flsh Mulluklathi

File fishes Balistidae Canthidermis 184. C. rotundatus (Proce) Rotund file flsh Klathi

Odonus 185. O. nlger (Ruppel) Red toothed trigger flsh Karuppu klathi

Sujjlamen 186. S.frenatus (Bloch & Masked file flsh Klathi Schenelder)

Box fishes Ostraciidae Lactoria 187. L corrmta (Linnaeus) Long horn cow flsh Mullu meen

Tetrosomus 188. T. gibbosus (Linnaeus) Hunch back box flsh Mullu meen

Puffer fishes Tetradontidae Arothmn 189. A. hispidus (Lacepede) White spotted blow fish Pulllpeythai 190. A. immaculatus (Bloch Immaculate blowflsh Peythai & Schneider)

Porcupine fishes Diodontidae Diodon 191. D. hystrix Linnaeus Giant sun flsh Mullu peythai

Sun fishes Molidae Mola 192. M. mola (Linnaeus) Giant sun flsh Moonjuru meen

PENAENID PRAWNS Penaeidae Penaeus 1. P. canaliculatus Witch Kathambaeral (Oliver) 2. P. indicus H. M. Indian white shrimp Vella eral, Vellai eral Edwards 3. P.Japonicus Bate Kuruma shrimp Kathamba eral 4. P. latlsulcatus King prawn Chori eral Pvishinouye 5. P. mergutensis De Banana shrimp Vella eral, Vellai eral Man 6. P. monodon Fabricius Giant tiger shrimp Karuvandu eral, Kathambaeral

Metapenaeus 7. M. ajjinis (H. M. Jinga prawn Chaya valucha eral Edwards)

9 12 3 4 5 6

8. M. brevicornis (H. M. Yellow shrimp Manja valucha eral Edwards) 9. M. dobsoni (Mlers) Flower-tall shrimp Chemakkara eral 10. M. ensls (De Haan) Greasy-back shrimp Valucha eral 11. M. lysianassa (De Bird shrimp Vellal velucha eral Man) 12. M. monaceros Speckled shrimp Valucha eral (Fabriclus) 13. M. moyebt Moyebi shrimp Vellal valucha eral (Klshlnouye) Parapenaeopsts 14. P. acclivirostris Hawknose shrimp Karikkadl, Vandu Alcock eral, Kathamba eral 15. P. maxOlipedo Alcock Torpedo shlrmp Karikkadl, Vandu eral 16. P. stylifera (H. M. Kiddi shrimp Vandu eral Edwards) 17. P. stylifera coromanda- Coromandel shrimp Vandu eral Uca Alcock 18. P. sculpWs (Heller) Rainbow shrimp Vandu eral 19. P. uncta Alcock Uncta shrimp Vandu eral

Parapenaeus 20. P. longlpes Alcock Flamingo shrimp Thattal eral

Metapenaeopsis 21. M. mogensls Spotted shrimp Pottu eral (Rathburn) 22. M. stridulens Fidder shrimp Pottu eral, Verka- (Alcock) dalai eral 23. M. tolnensts Hall Tolo velvet shrimp Pottu eral

Solenocera 24. S. crassicomis (H. M. Coastal mud shrimp Kail eral Edwards) 25. S. hextU Wood-Mason Deepsea mud shrimp Kail eral & Alcock

Trachypenaeus 26. T. asper Alcock Red saddle shrimp Sekappu vari eral, Vandu eral 27. T. cwvirsotris Southern rough shrimp Vandu eral (Stimpson) 28. T. granulosus Coarase shrimp Vandu eral (Haswell) 29. T. sedlUHaU Malayan red shrimp Vandu eral

Snapping shrimp Alpheidae Astypopenaeus 30. A. crassimanus Heller Snapping shrimp Vandu eral 31. A. stenodactylus Periscope shrimp Eral Stimpson Rock shrimp Sicyoniidae Sicyorda 32. S. lancifer Oliver Rock shrimp Pullleral NON PENAEID PRAWNS

Sergested shrimp Sergestldae Acetus 33. A tndicus H. M. Sergesttd shrimp Chennakkunl Edwards 34. A.JaponScus Paste shrimp Chennakkuni Klshlnouye

Cock shrimp Hlppolytidae Exhippalysmata 35. E. ensirostris (Kemp) Hunter shrimp Chinnaeral

10 Exopcdaemon 36. E. styltfems (H. M. Roshna prawn Aathu eral Edwards)

Palaemonidae Macrobrachiwn 37. M. idella Heller Slender river prawn Aathu eral 38. M. malcolmsonii Monsson river prawn Aathu mandal-eral (H. M. Edwards) 39. M. rosenbergii Giant river prawn Aathu eral (DeMan)

Nematopalaemon 40. M. teniUpes Spider prawn Aathu eral (Henderson)

Palinuridae Panultrus 41. P. homarus (Linnaeus) Green spiny lobster Singl eral 42. P. omatus (Fabrlclus) Ornate spiny lobster Singieral 43. P. polyphagus (Herbst) Banded spiny lobster SIngleral

Scyllartdae Therms 44. T. orientalis (Lund) Flat-head locust lobster, Kal eral, Madakku Mud lobster eral

CRABS Xanthldae Atergatis 45. A, integerrimus Finger's black- Karuppu kal nandt (Lamarck)

Portunldae Charybdis 46. C. cruciata (Linnaeus) Cross crab Slluvai nandu 47. C. natator (Herbst) Line crab Vari nandu 48. C. lucifera (Fabrlclus) Yellowish brown crab Manjal nandu 49. C. (Goniohellenus) Swarming crab Sekappu nandu smUhli Macleay

Portunus 50. P. pelagicus (Linnaeus) Reticulate crab Pulli nandu 51. P. sanguinolentus Spotted crab Mukkannu nandu (Herbst)

Podopthalmus 52. P. vigil (Fabrlclus) Long eye-stalk crab Neendakon nandu. Pal nandu ThdLamita 53. T. Integra Lana Greenish brown crab Sirumai nandu 54. T. spinifera Borradaile Brown crab Slrumal nandu 55. T. danae Stimpson Edible estuarine crab Nandu

Scylla 56. S. serrata (Forsskal) Green mud crab Pachal nandu

Calappidae Calappa 57. C. hepatlca (Linnaeus) Smoothness crab Valukai nandu

Matuta 58. M. lunaris (Forsskal) Yellow crab Manjal nandu

Ocypodldae Ocypode 59. O, platytaris (H. M. Whitish carb Vannan nandu Edwards)

Uca 60. U. annulepis (H. M. Round crab Muttal nandu Edwards)

11 Varunidae Varuna 61. V. Utterata Fabrlcius Sprilled crab Vellal nandu

STOMATOPODS Gonodactylidae Gonodactylus 62. G. demanii Mantis shrimp Ratchatha cadal- Henderson poochl

Lysiosquilla 63. L. macula ta Mantis shrimp Ratchatha cadal- (Fabrlcius) poochi 64. L sulcirostris Kemp Mantis shrimp Cadal poochi

Squillidae Harpiosquilla 65. H. annandalel (Kemp) Mantis shrimp Cadal poochi 66. H. harpex (De Harm) Mantis shrimp Cadal poochi 67. H. raphidae (Fabrlcius) Mantis shrimp Cadal poochi

Oralosquilla 68. O. holoschista (Kemp) Mantis shrimp Cadal poochi 69. O. nepa (Latreille) Mantis shrimp Cadal poochi 70. O. woodmasonl (Kemp) Mantis shrimp Cadal poochi

MOLLUSCS Gastropods Dentalidae Derdalium 1. D. octangidatum Tusk shell Kullai changu Donovan 2. D. ebumewn Tusk shell Kullai changu Linnaeus) 3. D. phtlippinamm Tusk shell KuUal changu Sowerby 4. D. pistts Winckworth Tusk shell Kullai changu

Haliotidae HalloOs 5. H. varia Linnaeus Ear shell Chappai chippi

Patellidae Patella 6. P. cemica (H. Adms) Round shell Chlppl

Trochidae Trochus 7. T. nlloticus Linnaeus Top shell Chekku changu

Umbontum 8. U. vestiarium Button shell Pothan changu (Linnaeus) Turbtnidae Turbo 9. T. marmoratus Turban shell Kundu changu Linnaneus

Cerlthlldae Cerethidaea 10. C. ctngulata Gmelin Horn shell Ummeri 11. C. obtusum Lamark Horn shell Ummerl

CerUhium 12. C. coralixtm Klemer Horn shell Ummeri 13. C. obliscus Bruguiere Horn shell Ummerl

Strombidae Tibia 14. T. curia Sowerby Beak shell, Conch Mooku changu

Strombus 15. S. succintus Linnaeus Wing shell Kal changu

Lambls 16. L crocata (Link) Six fingered shell Aaru-kal changu

12 Aplysiidae DolabeUa 17. D. auricularia Sea hares Surual changu (Solander)

Conldae Conus 18. C. amadis Gmelin Cones PullI changu 19. C. betulinus Linnaeus Cones Pulli changu

Terebridae Hastula 20. H. strtgilatavar. Anger shells Pulll changu elegans (Kuster)

Olividae Ollva 21. O. gibbosa (Born) Cones Chippi changu 22. O. nebulosa Lammark Cones Chippi changu

Muricidae Murex 23. M. pinnatus Wood Comb shell Eetti changu 24. Af. trlbulus Linnaeus Comb shell Eetti changu 25. M. virgineus (Roding) Comb shell Eettl changu

BIVALVES Cockles Arcidae Anadara 26. A. granosa Linnaeus Cockle (Blood Vari matti, Ratha clam) mattl

Mussels Myttlidae Pema 27. P. vlridls (Linnaeus) Green mussel Pacha aali

Pectlnldae Pecton 28. P. tranquobaricus Scallops Chippi Gmelin)

Plnnldae Pinna 29. P. pectinate. Linnaeus Feather shells Thagadu chippi 30. P. uadl/u/n Born Feather shells Thangadu chippi

Anomlidae Piacuna 31. P. placenta Windowpane oyster Thangudu chippi (Linnaeus)

Ostreidae Crassostrea 32. C, madrasensis Edible oyster Vellaaali Preston Veneridae Meretrix 33. M. casta (Chemitz) Clam Mattl 34. M. meretrix Clam Matti (Linnaeus)

Solenidae Solen 35. S. lamarckU Desahyes Razor shells Rambam changu 36. S. kempi Preston Razor shells Rambam changu

Teredinldae Teredo 37. T. clava Gmelin Ship-worms Kappal poochl

Pholadidae Pholas 38. P. orientalls Gmelin Borers Cahppai chippi

Cardlldae Cardium 39. C. retusa (Linnaeus) Cockle Periya chippi

Turlbenellldae Xancus 40. X. pyrum (Linnaeus) Sacred chank Pal sangu, Sangu

13 CEPHALOPODS Sepia Sepidae Sepia 41. S. aculeata Orblgny Cuttle fish Kadamba, Ottu kanava 42. S. pharoanis Ehreberg Cuttle fish Muttai, kadamba, Vari kanava

Septella 43. S. inermis (Orblgny) Cuttle fish Kadamba

Loligo Loliglnldae Loligo 44. L. duvauceUi Orblgny Squid Usi kanava 45. LuyUWaklya& Squid Chlnna usi kanava Ishikawa

Octopus Octopodidae Octopus 46. O. dollfusi Rabson Octopus Pal kanava

MARINE REPTILES Turtles Chelonidae Chelonia 1. • C. mydas Linnaeus Green turtle Pachal amai, Peramai

Lepidochelys 2. L olivacea Eschs- Olive ridley turtle Slthamal choltz

Dermochelidae Dermochelys 3. D. coriacea Leather-back turtle Eluvari amai, Thuni- (Linnaeus) amai

Sea snakes Hydrophldae Enhydrina 4. E. schistosa (Dandin) Hooknosed sea snake Cadal thannl pambu

Hydrophts 5. H. cyanocinctus Annulated sea snake Cadal orundal Dandin) pambu 6. H.Jasciatus (Schneider) Banded sea snake Vari udal pambu 7. Lattcauda spp. Narrow-headed sea Cadal pambu snake

Crocodiles Crocodilus 8. C. porosus Schneider Saltwater crocodile Peru muthalal

MARINE BIRDS Hawks Accipltridae Haliaetus 1. H. albicilla (Linnaeus) White-tailed sea eagle Cadal aall 2. H. leucogaster (Gmelin) White-bellied sea eagle Cadal aall

Gulls and Terns Laridae Larus 3. L. bntnnlcephalus Brown headed gull Cadal kakkal Jerdon

Chlidonias 4. C. hybridus indlcus Indian whiskered tern Cadal kuruvl (Stephens)

Sterna 5. S. bengcdensis bengal- Indian lesser crusted Kondat cadal kurwl ensts Lesson tern

MARINE MAMMALS Whales Physeteridae Physeter 1. P. macrocephalus Great sperm whale Ratchatha thlmingal- Linnaeus am

14 Balaenldae Balaenoptera 2. B. physalus (Linnaeus) Baleen whale Thimingalam

Dolphins Delphlnldae Delphinus 3. D. delphis Smith Common dolphin Panaval meen

Grampus 4. G. griseus Cuvler Risso's dolphin Panaval meen

CORALS Gorgonids Subergorgiidae Subergorgta 1. S. reticulata (Ellis & Red-type sea fan Kadalvlslri So lander)

Paramuriceldae Echlnomuricea 2. E. tndomalacensis Red-type sea fan Kadalvisiri Ridley 3. E. indica Thomson & Black sea fan Cadal vlsirj Simpson

Echlnogorgla 4. E. reticulata (Esper) Sea fan Cadal visiri

Heterogorgia 5. H.JlabeJlum (Pallas) Black sea fan Karuppu cadal visiri

Muricella 6. M. umbraticoides Sea fan Cadal visiri (Studer)

Gorgonidae Leptogorgia 7. L australiensis Flower sea fan Poo cadal visiri Ridley

Elllselliadae GorgoneUa 8. G. umbracuhun (Ellis fan Cadal visiri & Solander)

JELLY FISHES Catostylldae Cambionella 1. C. stulhmanni (Chun) Round jelly fish Muttal sorl

Pelaglldae Chvopsalmus 2. C. buitendgkt (Horst) Jelly fish Sorl

Dectyometra 3. D. quinquiclrrha Jelly fish Sori (L. Agassiz) ECHINODERMS Sea urchin Temnopleurldae Salmacts 1. S. sphaeroldes True sea urchin Cadal kutchl Linnaeus 2. S. dussumteHL. Sea urchin Cadal kutchl Agassiz 3. S. virgvlataL. Sea urchin Cadal kutchl Agassiz 4. S. blcolor Mortensen Sea urchin Cadal kutchl

Clypeastridae Flbularia 5. F. volva Cake urchin Attal Natchathira meen

Sea stars Astropectlnidae Astropecton 6. A. mauritianus Gray Sea star Natchathira meen 7. A. andersonl Sladen Sea star Natchathira meen

15 Sea lillies Tropiometridae Tripiometra 8. T. encrinus A. H. Sealllly Cadal thamarai Clark

Mariametridae Lamprometra 9. L. pabnata. (J. Muller) Sealilly Cadal thamarai

Brittle stars Ophiothricidae Ophlothala 10. O. done Verrill Brittle star Natchathira meen

Ophiocnemis 11. O. marmorata Brittle star Natcharthira meen (Lamark)

Holothurian Cucumariidae Thyone 12. T. sacellus (Salenka) Sea cucumber Cadal attai

SEAWEEDS Green algae Ulvaceae Chaetomorpha 1. C. antennina Khetzlng Sea sphagettl Cadal paasl

Ef\teromorpha 2. E. compressa Yellow-green nori Cadal paasl (Linnaeus) 3. E. intestinalis Green nori Cadal paasi (Linnaeus)

Ulva 4. U. lactusa Linnaeus Sea lettuce, Green laver Cadal paasi Cladophraceae 5. Cladophora spp. Green sea weed Cadal paasi

Brown algae Dictyotaceae Padina 6. P. tetrastromatica Brown sea weed Cadal paasl Hauck

Rosencingea 7. R. intricata (J. Agardh) Brown sea weed Cadal paasl

Red algae Gratelouplaceae Grateloupida G.jaicina (Wulfen) Red seaweed Sevatha cadal paasi

C O 0 G. lithophUa Red sea weed Sevatha cadal paasi (Boergesen)

GracUaria. 10. G. cortfcata J. Agardh Ogo nori Cadal oosi paasi 11. G. verrucosa (Hudson) Ogo nori Cadal oosi paasi

Hypneaceae Hypnea 12. H. velenttae fTurner) Red seaweed Cadal paasl 13. H. spinella (C. Agardh) Red seaweed Cadal paasi

Ceramiaceae Centroceros 14. C. clavulatum Red seaweed Cadal paasi (C. Agardh)

Rhodomelaceae 15. Polysiphonia spp. Red seaweed Cadal paasi 16. Herposlphonia spp. Red seaweed Cadal paasl

16