A study on some biological aspects of ( chrysophrys) in Hormozgan waters

Item Type monograph

Authors Kamali, Easa; Valinasab, T.; Dehghani, R.; Behzadi, S.; Darvishi, M.; Foroughfard, H.

Publisher Iranian Science Research Institute

Download date 10/10/2021 04:51:55

Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/40061

وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﺞﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر – ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه اﻛﻮﻟﻮژي ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎرس و درﻳﺎي ﻋﻤﺎن

ﻋﻨﻮان: ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺴﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﮔﻴﺶ ﭘﻮزه دراز ( Carangoides chrysophrys) در آﺑﻬﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن

ﻣﺠﺮي: ﻋﻴﺴﻲ ﻛﻤﺎﻟﻲ

ﺷﻤﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ 49023

وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﭻ ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر- ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه اﻛﻮﻟﻮژي ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎرس و درﻳﺎي ﻋﻤﺎن

ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﺮوژه : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺴﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﮔﻴﺶ ﭘﻮزه دراز (Carangoides chrysophrys) در آﺑﻬﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن ﺷﻤﺎره ﻣﺼﻮب ﭘﺮوژه : 2-75-12-92155 ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪه/ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪﮔﺎن : ﻋﻴﺴﻲ ﻛﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ( اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ و ﻃﺮﺣﻬﺎي ﻣﻠﻲ و ﻣﺸﺘﺮك دارد ) : ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي / ﻣﺠﺮﻳﺎن : ﻋﻴﺴﻲ ﻛﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻫﻤﻜﺎر(ان) : ﺳﻴﺎﻣﻚ ﺑﻬﺰادي ،ﻣﺤﻤﺪ دروﻳﺸﻲ، ﺣﺠﺖ اﷲ ﻓﺮوﻏﻲ ﻓﺮد، ﺗﻮرج وﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺐ، رﺿﺎ دﻫﻘﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺸﺎور(ان) : - ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﺎﻇﺮ(ان) : - ﻣﺤﻞ اﺟﺮا : اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﺷﺮوع : 92/10/1 ﻣﺪت اﺟﺮا : 1 ﺳﺎل و 6 ﻣﺎه ﻧﺎﺷﺮ : ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر : ﺳﺎل 1395 ﺣﻖ ﭼﺎپ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﺤﻔﻮظ اﺳﺖ . ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ، ﺗﺼﺎوﻳﺮ ، ﺟﺪاول ، ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻫﺎ و ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ذﻛﺮ ﻣﺄﺧﺬ ﺑﻼﻣﺎﻧﻊ اﺳﺖ .

«ﺳﻮاﺑﻖ ﻃﺮح ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮوژه و ﻣﺠﺮي ﻣﺴﺌﻮل / ﻣﺠﺮي»

ﭘﺮوژه : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺴﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﮔﻴﺶ ﭘﻮزه دراز (

Carangoides chrysophrys) در آﺑﻬﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن

ﻛﺪ ﻣﺼﻮب : 2-75-12-92155

ﺷﻤﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ (ﻓﺮوﺳﺖ) : 49023 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ : 94/12/28

ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺟﻨﺎب آﻗﺎي ﻋﻴﺴﻲ ﻛﻤﺎﻟﻲ داراي ﻣﺪرك ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻠﻲ

ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ارﺷﺪ در رﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن درﻳﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ داوران ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي و ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ

21/10/94 ﻣﻮرد ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ و ﺑﺎ رﺗﺒﻪ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ.

در زﻣﺎن اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه، ﻣﺠﺮي در :

ﺳﺘﺎد □ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه █ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ □ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه

ﺑﺎ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﮔﺮوه ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي و ﻓﻨﺎوري ﺻﻴﺪ در ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه اﻛﻮﻟﻮژي ﺧﻠﻴﺞ

ﻓﺎرس و درﻳﺎي ﻋﻤﺎن ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.

ﻋﻨﻮان « ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺪرﺟﺎت » ﺻﻔﺤﻪ

ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ...... 1 1- ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ...... 2 2- ﻣﻮاد و روﺷﻬﺎ ...... 7 1-2. ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ...... 7 2-2. ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت و روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ...... 7 3-2. ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ و ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ...... 8 4-2. ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ ...... 15 5-2 . ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ رژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ ...... 19 3- ﻧﺘﺎﻳــﺞ ...... 21 1-3 . ﺳﻦ و رﺷﺪ در ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﮔﻴﺶ ﭘﻮزه دراز ...... 21 2-3 . ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ در ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﮔﻴﺶ ﭘﻮزه دراز ...... 29 3-3 . ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﮔﻴﺶ ﭘﻮزه دراز ...... 44 4. ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي ...... 47 1-4 . رﺷﺪ و ﻧﻤﻮ...... 47 2-4 . ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ ...... 50 3-4 . رژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ ...... 52 ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدﻫﺎ ...... 53 ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ...... 55 ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ...... 57 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ...... 62

رازوهزهزدراز .../ ١

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) 14 . 1393 1392 .. . 376 .() . 45 137 194 y /0= 0162 x /2 901 . 80 25 5/ . /0 266 ( t /1+ 443 ) . Lt 85= 1( –e ) .

( TM 50% )( LM50 ). /0 412 . . 2 46 .( P<0.05 ) 1 42/1 385 ±13 479992 ±126 125 ±23 98247 ±219 . GSI ( 86/2 ) .( 43/0 ) 1393 . ( Fp 91= 67/ ) .( CV = 65 49/ ) () Fp 17/4= ) () ( Fp 17/4= ) .(

: ٢ / ارشح

1 . .( Biswas,1993 ) . . .( 1386 ) ) .( 1384 . White ) . .( et al., 2003 .( White et al., 2003 ) .. .( Potts and Wootton, 1994 ) . . .( Hoar et al., 1993 ) . .( 1380 ) رازوهزهزدراز .../٣

. . ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) . .( www.Fishbase.org ,2014 ). ( 1) Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata Subphylum : Vertebrata Superclass : Gnathostomata ( jawed vertebrates) Class : : Family : : Carangoides : Carangoides chrysophrys

( Carangoides chrysophrys ): 1

٤ / ارشح

: . Longnose trevally : Fischer and ) .( 2)( Bianchi. 1984

(www.Fishbase.org ): 2 () 51 Carangoides 21 :( Fischer and Bianchi. 1984 ) • C. armatus (Rüppell, 1830) () • C. bajad (Forsskål, 1775) (orange-spotted trevally) • C. bartholomaei (G. Cuvier, 1833) () • C. chrysophrys (G. Cuvier, 1833) (longnose trevally) • C. ciliarus (Rüppell, 1830) (likely C. armatus ) • C. coeruleopinnatus (Rüppell, 1830) () • C. dinema Bleeker, 1851 (shadow trevally) • C. equula (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) () • C. ferdau (Forsskål, 1775) () • C. fulvoguttatus (Forsskål, 1775) (yellow-spotted trevally) • C. gymnostethus (G. Cuvier, 1833) () • C. hedlandensis (Whitley, 1934) (bumpnose trevally) • C. humerosus (McCulloch, 1915) (duskyshoulder trevally) • C. malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) () • C. oblongus (G. Cuvier, 1833) (coachwhip trevally) رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٥

• C. orthogrammus (D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1882) () • C. otrynter (D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1883) () • C. plagiotaenia Bleeker, 1857 () • C. praeustus (Anonymous [ E. T. Bennett ], 1830) (brownback trevally) • C. talamparoides Bleeker, 1852 (imposter trevally . .... ( Carangidae ) ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) .( 1384 ) 76 . . . . 20 18 9 .. . 17 14 3 .( Fischer & Bianchi , 1984 ) . () Fischer & ) .( Bianchi , 1984 12 . . . ( Carangoides chrysophorys ) . . Al-rasady . ٦ / ارشح

.( Carangoides chrysophrys ) 2012 2006 2005 . ()()

( LM50 ) .( ) . . 42 08/ 46 90/ 2013 AL-Marzouqi /2 7123 b /0 0396 a. /0 967 . 21 72 : ( 1 ( 2 ( GSI )( 3

( LM50 )( 4 رازوهزهزدراز .../٧

2 21 .( 3)

( Carangoides chrysophrys ): 3 1 22 . 1393 1392 . 40 30 . 1/0 1/0 .() ٨ / ارشح

( ). ()() ) 1/0 . 1/0 . ( 43 .() /0 001 6 44( ) 2000 Fennessy 2004 Grandcourt ( Bisawas,1993 ) 4(. ) 2001 Yoneda . ( Otolith ) .

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 4 23 (. Moralez-Nin, 1992 ) رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٩

.(Britton et al , 2004) 231 . . . 11.( ) . (Al-Husaini, 2001) . (Forsberg, 2001) . .(Forsberg , 2001; Moralez-Nin, 1992) 232 . . . . 05/0 () . /0 001 .

١٠ / ارشح

: 5 رازوهزهزدراز .../ ١١

233 ) . ( (. 1381 ) 6( ) () 72 48 . 7( ) . ( 50 ) . . 4/0 48 . . 235 . .

: 6 ١٢ / ارشح

( Micro-catter ): 7 234 . . ( ) . . . . . ( 1377 ) . رازوهزهزدراز .../ ١٣

235 . ( Brouwer & Griffiths, 2004 ) . 236 . . 237 ()

. L∞ t0 k : (Sparre & Venema, 1998) - k(t- t0 ) Lt = L ∞(1-e ) : : Lt

) : L∞ .( : t : k

: t0 . . (Carbtree et al., 2002) (Least squares) solver ١٤ / ارشح

Excel

L∞ t0 k. (. 1379 ) 238 (Sparre &

W = aL b: Venema, 1998) = W = L = a = b TL = aFL + b . = TL = FL

239 .(Sparre & Venema, 1998) 2310 ( 50 ) t 50 % .( Bobko and Berkeley, 2004 ) 1  L∞  T = t + Ln 50% 0  ∞ −  K  L Lt 50 % رازوهزهزدراز .../ ١٥

: . 50 = t 50 % = L∞ = K = t0 . = Lt50% 24 ( GSI1) 241 ( GSI ) GSI . . ( ) .( Nicolsky,1963 ) 242 . . ( 1382 )% 10 24 . % 10 % 70 .( Yoneda et al ., 2001 ) 50 60 )( Passage ) 7 .( ( 8)() . . .

1 - Gonadosomatic index ١٦ / ارشح

: 8 6 1987 Young 1( ) 1:. (1) . . Immature . / (2) . . Developing/resting (3) . Maturing . (4) . Ripe . . () (5) Running ripe/(spawning) (6) . Spent رازوهزهزدراز .../ ١٧

243 .( 345 ) /0 001 2 . 20 .( Agarwal, 2005 ) 2 . 55 24 . . . /0 001 . . .( Bobko and Berkeley, 2004 )

 3 SCC  ∑ i  1 SSW  AF = EW  i   3    : = AF = EW . 13 i i = SCCi . 13 i i= SSWi AF RF = TW − GW : = RF = AF = TW = GW ١٨ / ارشح

244 Fennessy, ) . .( Crabtree et al ., 2002; Funamoto et al ., 2004 ;2000 GW GSI = ×100 (BW − GW ) GW = BW = . /0 001 GSI .

245 X2 . ( Chi-square ) X2

.( Biswas,1993 ) Oi = Ei = I=1 . 246

50 ) LM50 . (DeMartini et al., 2000) 3 ( رازوهزهزدراز .../ ١٩

solver 6 .( King, 1995 ) excel P= 1/(1+exp[rm (L-Lm)]) : = P = Lm = rm 247 EXCEL Spss . ANOVA 25 1/0 . : ( Gastrosomatic index= GaSI ) – 1 . ( CV ) 2 3

GaSI . ( GaSI ) – . GaSI

. .( James, 1986 )() ٢٠ / ارشح

. .( Euzen, 1987 ) ES CV = ×100 TS = CV = ES = TS .( Euzen, 1987 ) CV 0 ≤CV < 20 20 ≤CV < 40 40 ≤CV < 60 60 ≤CV < 80 . 80 ≤CV <100 : NSj FP = ×100 NS : . j : NSj . : Ns . FP . FP < 10 . () ( j) 10 ≤FP < 50 . .( Euzen, 1987 ) . FP ≥ 50

رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٢١

3 13 311 9.( ) 235 376 . 167 10 . 10 . 12 . 4 11 13 . 8 . 3 . 312 .( 14 ) . . 167 313 167 10 80 25/0 25.5 15.( ) ٢٢ / ارشح

: 9

4X 10 : 10 رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٢٣

10X 4 :: 11

4X 8 : 12 ٢٤ / ارشح

10X 3 : 13

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20

10 0

: 14

رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٢٥

90

80 - 266/0 ( t + 443/1 ) Lt = 85 ( 1 –e ) 70 60 50 ل ) 40 30 ( 20 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 ( ل) ( 1392 1393 ): 15 . 15

() L∞ K . 8

t0 /1= 443 L∞ 84= 93/ K /0= 226

t0 0= L∞= 79 5/ K /0= 496 314 16 . . 51 47 ٢٦ / ارشح

70 60 50 40

30 اوا 20 10 0

23 27 31 35 39 43 47 51 55 59 63 67 71 75 79 83 87

( )

Carangoides chrysophrys ) ( ) 16: 315 1087 15/ 195 4350 25 5/ 80 21 68 44 99/ 37 55/ 17 .376 . 18 t ) 3 /2 9011 . ( 316 b a . /0 412 b 19.( ) رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٢٧

6000 yyy=0.0162 xxx 2.9011 5000 RRR2=0.9867 4000 وزن ) 3000 م ( 2000

1000

0

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

ل( )

80 yyy=0.8823xxx 1.263 70 RRR2=0.9944 60

50

40 ل )

30 ( 20

10

0

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

ل( )

17 ٢٨ / ارشح

6000 د yyy=0.018 xxx 2.8713 5000 RRR2=0.9843

4000 وزن ) 3000 م ( 2000

1000

0

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

ل( )

4000 yyy=0.0156 xxx 2.9116 3500 RRR2=0.9748 3000

2500 وزن ) 2000 م ( 1500

1000

500

0

20 30 40 50 60 70 80

ل( ) : 18

رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٢٩

5 yyy=0.4115xxx +4.066 4 zzz=0.4115 3

2

1 راوا

0

1 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

( ل)

(): 19 23 321 .( 20 ) 21.( ) . . ٣٠ / ارشح

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 20

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 21 رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٣١

323 376 . 41/11 45 137 194 ( X2 ) 11 2.( )( P<0.05 ) ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 2 1393 1392 X2 () * 26 /10 1/92 38 0 13 25 1/82 1/14 30 0 14 16 1/79 1/07 27 0 13 14 1/67 0/6 24 0 15 9

* 69 34/ 8/4 39 10 5 24

* 39 43/ 08/2 45 8 12 25

* 43 54/ 00/2 27 18 3 6 42/1 71/0 12 0 7 5

00/0 00/1 32 0 16 16

* 14 97/ 5/1 28 8 8 12 89/1 29/1 49 1 21 27

* 45/9 5/1 25 0 10 15

* 97 41/ 41/1 376 45 137 194 :* : 324 78 . 3 ٣٢ / ارشح

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 3 () () 325670 ±423 224 ±12 50 25/ 1452 47/ 479992 ±126 315 ±11 51 57/ 1521 12/ 235135 ±324 147 ±19 51 81/ 1601 41/ 184348 ±213 154 ±12 44 80/ 1198 5/ 98247 ±219 125 ±23 37 23/ 784 52/ 115318 ±186 162 ±8 38 /22 713 /84 162241 ±356 227 ±14 34 /74 731 /96 234120 ±265 196 ±28 48 87/ 1195 91/ 336528 ±202 354 ±13 44 2/ 951 19/ 149303 ±197 141 ±15 41 77/ 1058 78/ 121018 ±134 150 ±17 41 95/ 829 35/

272241 ±216 193 ±11 50 12/ 1407

354 479992 . 125 98247 . 22 ) 23.(

400 350 300 250 200

150 هور 100 50 0

د ا ي ذر ن د رد اد داد ا ر ورد ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 22 1392 1393 رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٣٣

600000

500000

400000

300000 هور 200000

100000

0 ا ا ذ ر دي ر ن د د و اد داد رد ر ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 23 1393 1392 325 . 27 24 326 28 . . 29 ( 86/2 ). /0 161 /0 439 ) ( 85/2 ) ..( ٣٤ / ارشح

 y=13952 x396300  R2=0.538 ٧٨ :N   هور           له( ) ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 24 1393 1392

 y=3.245 x+54.218  R2=0.0725  N: 78  

 هور           له( )

( Carangoides chrysophry s ) : 25 1393 1392

رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٣٥

 y=244.37 x47634  R2=0.4864  N: 78  هور         وزنه( م) ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 26 1393 1392

 y=0.0393 x+154.92  R2=0.0314  N: ٧٨  

 هور         وزنه( م) ( Carangoides chrysophry s ) : 27 1393 1392 ٣٦ / ارشح

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% دراوا

30% 20% 10% 0%

دار ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 28 1393 1392

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1 دو

( GSI) 0.5

0 د ا ر ذر د 3 د و 3 ن 3 3 اد 9 رد ا 9 93 9 9 ر 3 داد 92 93 9 3 93 3 9 9 93 ر ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) : 29 1393 1392 رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٣٧

( 4)( ANOVA ) .( p<0.01 )

( ANOVA ): 4 1393 1392 ( Carangoides chrysophrys )

GSI Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 23.479 11 2.134 3.131 .000 Within Groups 321.110 471 .682 Total 344.590 482

327 6 5 :. 1 . . .( 31 ) . 2 .. . .( 32 ) . 3 .. . . .. ٣٨ / ارشح

. 33.( ) 4 . .() .( 34 ) . 5 (). 36.( 35 ) . 6 . . . .. . . 30.( ) رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٣٩

( Carangoides chrysophrys ): 30

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) 1 : 31 ٤٠ / ارشح

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) 2 : 32

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) 3 : 33 رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٤١

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) 4 : 34

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) 5 : 35 ٤٢ / ارشح

( Carangoides chrysophrys ) 5 : 36

() LM50 328 ( 37 )

. 46 ( LM50 ) 34 . ( LM50 )( 38 ) . 46 رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٤٣

(Carangoides chrysophrys ): 37 ()

(Carangoides chrysophrys ): 38 ( ) ٤٤ / ارشح

33 33 ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) . 167 55 . 39 40 ( GaSI ) . 65 49/ ( CV ) . . 41 ( FP ) 5 ( FP ). 17/4 17/4 91 67/ . : 5

1 1 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 7 3 3 12 54

56.2 1.04 1.04 2.08 1.04 3.13 3.13 2.08 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.04 7.29 3.13 3.13 12.5 5 رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٤٥

13%

21%

65%

: 39

2.8

2.4

2

1.6

) 1.2 GASI ( 0.8

0.4

0

ا ا د ذر ن د رد اد داد ر ورد

د () GaSI : 40 ٤٦ / ارشح

4/17 % 4/17 % 91/67 %

: 41

رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٤٧

4 14 411 . .( Barto, 2000 ) . . .( Forsberg, 2001 ) .( Manooch, 1987 ) ( 1386 )( 1381 ) 1 Grandcourt et al., ) 4( Al- Husini et al., 2001 ) 3( 1379 ) 2 .( Samuel et al., 1990 ) ( Abu-Hakima et al., 1987 ) 5( 2004 . . 412 . ( Check ) 1 1983 Campana .

1 - Lutjanus johni 2 - Epinephelus coioidcs 3 - Pomadasys kakkan 4 - spinifer 5 - Pxmpus argentens ٤٨ / ارشح

. 2 2001 Al- Husini . 3 .( Forsberg, 2001) Vatarite 4 Al- Husini, ) 2 .( 2001 413 ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) . 235 . 167 414 . 14 . . Moralez- Nin . . 1992 .() . . رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٤٩

:( Manooch, 1987 ) 2 1 4 3 ) 5 1 6 ( 415 . ( 15 ) (. p< 0.05 )() . 80 10

. 1.443 0.25 84.9 t0 K L∞ 8 . 1013 A. AL-Marzouqi 8 L∞ . 72

. 0.37 t0 0.25 K 75.6 416 17 18 . . 3 /2 9004 1993 Biswas . 3

1 - Backculculation ٥٠ / ارشح

AL-Marzouqi 2013 . . /0 967 /2 7123 b /0 0396 a b 21 72 .( Biswas, 1993 ) .( Begenal, 1987 ) 24 ( b) 3 .( Wootton, 2003 ) 417 376 51 47 . 16 . A. . . 72 21 2013 AL-Marzouqi 54 ٪ 35 . 1995 King . Z K L∞. 24 421 . .( Biswas,1993 ) 17 1087 15/ 195 4350 ( Carangoides chrysophrys ) 25 5/ 80 . 44 99/ رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٥١

. 97/0 a= /0 0162 . .( R2> 5/0 ) 3 b= /2 9004 b. . () GSI . . 35( ) . . GSI Al-Rasady 2012 . (). ()() . 35( 31 ) . Batch spownner 376 . 41/11 ( X2). 45 137 194 .( p>0.05 ) 1:1( ) Al-Rasady 2012 . 06/11 . 354 479992 . ٥٢ / ارشح

Al-Rasady . 1012 ( 1967 ) Cochran Snedcor .. . .( Pearce, 1998 )

. 46 ( LM50 ) 2012 Al Rasady

. 46 90/ 42 08/ ( LM50 ) 34 431 39( ) . CV . ( –) GaSI 40 GaSI .. () Fp Fp .( 41) ( /67 ٪91 ) ( 17/4 ٪ )( 17/4 ٪ ) ( 5 ) () . . رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٥٣

1 . ( ) 2 . 3 . .

٥٤ / ارشح

. 1 2 3 4 5

.

رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٥٥

.1379 . • • Abu-Hakima Randa, 1984, Comparison of aspects of the reproductive biology of Pomadasys, Otolithes and pampus spp . In Kuwaiti waters. . Res. vol.2 issue3: 177-200 • Agarwal N. K., 2005, Fish , New Delhi, APH Publishing corporation, ISBN 81-7024-701-2, pp 180. • Al-Husaini M., S. Al-Ayoub, J. Dashti, 2001, a Age validation of nagroor, pomadsys kaakan (cuvier, 1830) (family : haemulidae) in Kuwaiti waters. Fisheries Reasearch 53: 71-81. • Al-Husaini, 2001. fish aging techniques using otolithes. Hand out of regional training workshop. Kuwait Ins. Fcr. Sci. Res and FAO PP. 27. • Al-Husaini, M. and A. Al-Baz, S. Al-Ayonb, S. Safar, Z. Al-Wazan, S. Al- jazzaf. 2002. Age, growth, mortality and yield – per – recruit for nagroor, pomadasys kakaan, in Kuwaits waters, J. Fish. Res. 59: 101- 115. • Al-Rasady , A. Govender and S. M. Al-Jufaili. 2013, Age and growth of longnose trevally (Carangoides chrysophrys) in the Arabian Sea. Vol 29 Issue 5 : pages 1056–1060 • Bagenal, T. B., 1987. Methods for assessment of fish production in freshwater, Third edition, Blackwell Scientific Publication, XVT, 365 pp • Barto, T. J., 2000. Break-and-Burn and Break-and-Bake aging techniques on halibut. Int. Pac. Hlibut comm. Report of Assessment and research activites 1999: 281-290. • Biswas, S. P. , 1993, Manual of Methods in fish Biology, South Asian Publisheres PVR. LTD., , P. 157. • Bobko Stephen J. and Steven A. Berkeley, 2004. Maturity, ovarian cyclc, fecundity, and age-specific parturition of black rock fish ( Sebastes melanops ), J. Fish. Bull. 102: 418- 429. • Brash, J. M. and S. T. Fennessy, 2005. A Preliminary Investigation of Age and Growth of Otolithes ruber from Kwazulu-Natal , . Western Indian J. Mar. Sci. Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 21-28 • Britton, J. R. ; I. G. Cowx ; G. Peirson, 2004. Sources of error in ageing of stocked cyprinhds. Fisheries Management and , 11: 415-417 • Brouwer Stephen L. Marc H. Griffiths, 2004, Age and growth of Argyrozona argyrozona (Pisus : ) in a marine protected area : an evaluation of methods based in whole Otoloths, Sectioncd Otoloths and mark- recapture fisheries Reasearch 67: 1- 12 • Campana, S. E., 1983 . Feeding periodicity and the production of daily growth increments in otoliths of steel head trout( Salmo gairdneri ) and starry flounder ( Platichthys stellatus ) . Canadian Journal of Zoology. 61: 1591-1597. • Crabtree Roy E. ; Peter B. Hood ; Derke Snodgrass, 2001. Age, growth, and reproduction of permit (Trachinotus falcatus) in florida water, J. Fish. Bull. 100: 26-34. • DeMartini Edward E. ; James H. Uchiyama ; Happy A. Williams, 2000. Sexual maturity, sex ratio, and size composition of swordfish, Xiphias gladius, caught by the -based pelagic longline . J. Fish. Bull. 98 : 489-505. • Euzen, O. 1987. Food habits and diet composition of some fish of Kuwait. Kuwait. Bull. Mar. Sci. 9: 58- 65. • Fennessy S. T., 2000, Aspects of the biology of four species of sciaenidae from the east of south Africa, Estuarine, coastal and shelf science 50: 259-269. • Fischer, W. and G. Bianchi. 1984. FAO Species identification sheets, fishing area 51, west . • Forsberg, J. E., 2001. Aging manual for pacific haliput : Procedures and methods used at the international pacific halibut commission, seattle, Washington, pp. 54. • Funamoto T. and Ichiro Aoki and Yozo Wada, 2004, Reproductive characteristics of Japanese anchovy, Engraulis japonicus , In two bays of , J. Fisheries Reasearch 70 : 71-8 • Grandcourt E. M., T. Z. Al Abdessalaam, F. Francis, A. T. Al Shamsi 2004, Biolog and stock assessment of the sparids, Acanthopagras bifasciatus and Argyrops spinifer (forsskal, 1775), in the southern . Fisheries research 69: 7- 20. • Issam Al-rasady, Anesh covender, Saud M. Al-jufaili,. 2012. Reproductive biology of longnose trevally (Carangoides chrysophrys) in the Arabian Sea, Oman , Environmental Biology of , Volume 93, Issue 2, pp 177-184. • James, P. S. B. R., 1986. The precent status of ribbon fish in India, special publication N. 24, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, • King, M., 1995. Fisheries biology assessment and management Fishing News Books, vol3, No.5, pp: 151- 160 ٥٦ / ارشح

• Manooch, C.S., III, 1987. Age and growth of snappers and groupers, pp.329-373, in: polovina, J.J. and S. Raston (eds.). Tropical snappers and groupers : Biology and Fisheries management, Westivuew press, Great Britain. • Moralez-Nin, B., 1992, Determination of Growth in bony fishes from otolith microstructure. FAO fish. Tech. Paper , 322, FAO, Rome, Italy. • Nicolsky, G.V.(1963). The Ecology of fishes. Academic press.p.352 • Pearce, M. 1998. Aquaculture potential of banded grunter. Queensl. Aquac. News, no.13 pp. 4-5 • Samuel, M. ; C. P. Mathews and A. S. Bawazeer, 1990. Age and validation of age from otolith for warm water fishes from the Persian Gulf. P.253-265. in: Summerfelt, R. C. and G. A. Hall, Age and growth of fish, Lowa state university press, USA. • Sparre, P. ; C. Venema, 1992. Introduction to tropical fish stock assessment , FAO, part-1-manual, pp. 220. • White Geoffrey G. and Thomas A. Munroe and Herbert M. Austin 2003, Reproductive seasonality, fecundily and spawning frequency of tautog ( tautoga onitis ) in the lower Chesapeake and coastal waters of Virginia, J. Fish. Bull : 454- 442. • Wootton, R. J. 1995. Ecology of teleost fishes, chapman and Hall., pp. 404. • Yoneda Michio, Muneharu Tokimura, Hitishi fujita, N. Takeshita, K. Takeshita, M. Matsuyama and S. Matsuura, 2001, Reproductive cycle, fecundily, and seasonal distribution of the anglerfish lophius litulon in the East and yellow seas. Fish. Bull. 99: 356- 370.

رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٥٧

٥٨ / ارشح

: : ( g ) ( g ) ( g ) ( cm ) ( cm ) ( cm )

رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٥٩

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 ٦٠ / ارشح

. 1/0 : 43

/0 001 : 44 رازوهزهزدراز .../ ٦١

10% : 45

٦٢ /ارشح Abstract Aspects of the biological features such as age and growth , the reproductive cycle , food and feeding of the Longnose Trevally (Carangoides chrysophrys) were studied from a total 376 specimens collected by use of trawl fishing in Hormuzgan waters between February 2014 and February 2015. The minimum and maximum total length during different months were between 25.5 and 80 cm respectively. Weight-length relationship for Longnose Trevally was W = 0/0064L 2/9004. This fish had an isometric growth. Fishes aged using sections of their otoliths . The equation of growth for Longnose Trevally obtained Lt = 85(1-e -0/266(t+1/443) ). Total mortality rate for Longnose Trevally was 0.412. LM50 and TM50 for Longnose Trevally was 46 cm, 2 years. Sex ratio(femail : male) for Longnose Trevally was 1/42:1. Maximum absolute and relative fecundity for Longnose Trevally were 479992 and 354 respectively. The highest GSI in April (2.86) and the lowest was in June 2014 (0.43). It has a long spawning season from January to May and spawning peak was observed in May. Longnose Trevally was Relatively low feed (CV= 65.49). Main food for Longnose Trevally were bony fish(Fp= 91.67). Random diet of Longnose Trevally were (Fp = 4.17) (, and squilla) and mollusks (Fp =4.17) (cutlle fish, ), respectively.

Key word : Longnose Trevally , Parameters of growth, Spawning season Length of mature, fecundity.Feeding, Sex raio , Hormuzgan

Ministry of Jihad – e – Agriculture AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EDUCATION & EXTENSION ORGANIZATION Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute – Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center

Project Title : A study on the some biological aspects Longnose Trevally ( Carangoides chrysophrys) in Hormozgan waters Approved Number: 2-75-12-92155 Author: Easa Kamali Project Researcher : Easa Kamali Collaborator(s) : T. Valinasab, R. Dehghani , S. Behzadi , M. Darvishi , H. Foroughfard Advisor(s):- Supervisor: - Location of execution : Hormozgan province Date of Beginning : 2014 Period of execution : 1 Year & 6 Months Publisher : Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute Date of publishing : 2016

All Right Reserved . No Part of this Publication May be Reproduced or Transmitted without indicating the Original Reference

MINISTRY OF JIHAD - E - AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EDUCATION & EXTENSION ORGANIZATION Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute -Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center

Project Title :

A study on the some biological aspects Longnose Trevally (Carangoides chrysophrys) in Hormozgan waters

Project Researcher :

Easa Kamali

Register NO.

49023