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Germination, Vegetative and Flowering Behavior of Balsam (Impatiens
International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB) Vol-3, Issue -4, Jul-Aug- 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/3.4.38 ISSN: 2456-1878 Germination, vegetative and flowering behavior of Balsam (Impatiens balsamina L.) in response to natural photoperiods Muhammad Aslam Baloch1, Tanveer Fatima Miano*1, Niaz Ahmed Wahocho1, Naheed Akhtar Talpur2, Abdul Qadir Gola1 1Department of Horticulture, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan 2Department of Soil Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan Corresponding Author: Dr. Tanveer Fatima Miano*, Associate Professor Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] Abstract— A lack of application of photoperiod and light content (46.79 SPAD) was recorded from NP4= 9 hrs intensity to manipulate the growth of current spring (8:00 am-5:00 pm) as compared to seed germination annuals has, in part, been due to the lack of information (63.88%), germination index (0.66 gi) plant height (14.92 identifying the photoperiodic and light intensities cm), leaves plant-1 (48.16), days to 1st flower (45.96), requirements of various species. Present pot experiment flowers plant-1 (5.00), days to flower persistence (11.16), was carried out at Horticulture Garden, Department of weight of single flower (0.62 g), chlorophyll content (36.46 Horticulture, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, SPAD) was recorded from NP1= Control (Normal day during spring 2017, which was laid out in a three length). replicated Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Two Keywords— flowering behaviour, natural photoperiods, varieties of balsam (V1= Tom Thumb, V2 = Double Complete Randomized Design. Camcellia) were studied under NP1= Control (Normal day length), NP2=3 hrs (8:00 am- 11:00 am), NP3= 6 hrs (8:00 I. -
Coptis Trifolia Conservation Assessment
CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT for Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. Originally issued as Management Recommendations December 1998 Marty Stein Reconfigured-January 2005 Tracy L. Fuentes USDA Forest Service Region 6 and USDI Bureau of Land Management, Oregon and Washington CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT FOR COPTIS TRIFOLIA Table of Contents Page List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. 2 List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ 2 Summary........................................................................................................................................ 4 I. NATURAL HISTORY............................................................................................................. 6 A. Taxonomy and Nomenclature.......................................................................................... 6 B. Species Description ........................................................................................................... 6 1. Morphology ................................................................................................................... 6 2. Reproductive Biology.................................................................................................... 7 3. Ecological Roles ............................................................................................................. 7 C. Range and Sites -
Economic and Ethnic Uses of Bryophytes
Economic and Ethnic Uses of Bryophytes Janice M. Glime Introduction Several attempts have been made to persuade geologists to use bryophytes for mineral prospecting. A general lack of commercial value, small size, and R. R. Brooks (1972) recommended bryophytes as guides inconspicuous place in the ecosystem have made the to mineralization, and D. C. Smith (1976) subsequently bryophytes appear to be of no use to most people. found good correlation between metal distribution in However, Stone Age people living in what is now mosses and that of stream sediments. Smith felt that Germany once collected the moss Neckera crispa bryophytes could solve three difficulties that are often (G. Grosse-Brauckmann 1979). Other scattered bits of associated with stream sediment sampling: shortage of evidence suggest a variety of uses by various cultures sediments, shortage of water for wet sieving, and shortage around the world (J. M. Glime and D. Saxena 1991). of time for adequate sampling of areas with difficult Now, contemporary plant scientists are considering access. By using bryophytes as mineral concentrators, bryophytes as sources of genes for modifying crop plants samples from numerous small streams in an area could to withstand the physiological stresses of the modern be pooled to provide sufficient material for analysis. world. This is ironic since numerous secondary compounds Subsequently, H. T. Shacklette (1984) suggested using make bryophytes unpalatable to most discriminating tastes, bryophytes for aquatic prospecting. With the exception and their nutritional value is questionable. of copper mosses (K. G. Limpricht [1885–]1890–1903, vol. 3), there is little evidence of there being good species to serve as indicators for specific minerals. -
Vermont Natural Community Types
Synonymy of Vermont Natural Community Types with National Vegetation Classification Associations Eric Sorenson and Bob Zaino Natural Heritage Inventory Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department October 17, 2019 Vermont Natural Community Type Patch State National and International Vegetation Classification. NatureServe. 2019. Size Rank NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Spruce-Fir-Northern Hardwood Forest Formation Subalpine Krummholz S S1 Picea mariana - Abies balsamea / Sibbaldiopsis tridentata Shrubland (CEGL006038); (Picea mariana, Abies balsamea) / Kalmia angustifolia - Ledum groenlandicum Dwarf-shrubland Montane Spruce-Fir Forest L-M S3 Picea rubens - Abies balsamea - Sorbus americana Forest (CEGL006128) Variant: Montane Fir Forest L-M S3 Abies balsamea - (Betula papyrifera var. cordifolia) Forest (CEGL006112) Variant: Montane Spruce Forest Lowland Spruce-Fir Forest L-M S3 Picea mariana - Picea rubens / Pleurozium schreberi Forest (CEGL006361) Variant: Well-Drained Lowland Spruce- L S2 Picea rubens - Abies balsamea - Betula papyrifera Forest (CEGL006273); Fir Forest Picea mariana - Picea rubens / Rhododendron canadense / Cladina spp. Woodland (CEGL006421) Montane Yellow Birch-Red Spruce Forest M S3 Betula alleghaniensis - Picea rubens / Dryopteris campyloptera Forest (CEGL006267) Variant: Montane Yellow Birch-Sugar L S3 Maple-Red Spruce Forest Red Spruce-Northern Hardwood Forest M S5 Betula alleghaniensis - Picea rubens / Dryopteris campyloptera Forest (CEGL006267) Red Spruce-Heath -
Rubus Arcticus Ssp. Acaulis Is Also Appreciated
Rubus arcticus L. ssp. acaulis (Michaux) Focke (dwarf raspberry): A Technical Conservation Assessment Prepared for the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Species Conservation Project October 18, 2006 Juanita A. R. Ladyman, Ph.D. JnJ Associates LLC 6760 S. Kit Carson Cir E. Centennial, CO 80122 Peer Review Administered by Society for Conservation Biology Ladyman, J.A.R. (2006, October 18). Rubus arcticus L. ssp. acaulis (Michaux) Focke (dwarf raspberry): a technical conservation assessment. [Online]. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. Available: http:// www.fs.fed.us/r2/projects/scp/assessments/rubusarcticussspacaulis.pdf [date of access]. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The time spent and help given by all the people and institutions mentioned in the reference section are gratefully acknowledged. I would also like to thank the Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, in particular Bonnie Heidel, and the Colorado Natural Heritage Program, in particular David Anderson, for their generosity in making their records available. The data provided by Lynn Black of the DAO Herbarium and National Vascular Plant Identification Service in Ontario, Marta Donovan and Jenifer Penny of the British Columbia Conservation Data Center, Jane Bowles of University of Western Ontario Herbarium, Dr. Kadri Karp of the Aianduse Instituut in Tartu, Greg Karow of the Bighorn National Forest, Cathy Seibert of the University of Montana Herbarium, Dr. Anita Cholewa of the University of Minnesota Herbarium, Dr. Debra Trock of the Michigan State University Herbarium, John Rintoul of the Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre, and Prof. Ron Hartman and Joy Handley of the Rocky Mountain Herbarium at Laramie, were all very valuable in producing this assessment. -
Nimpkish Black Bear Study: Habitat Analyses
Nimpkish Black Bear Study: Habitat Analyses Prepared for: Canadian Forest Products Ltd. Woss, BC February 2003 This report has not been peer-reviewed and is not suitable for citation or distribution. Please refer to Davis et al. (in submission) for citation or distribution of the information contained in this report. Prepared by: Helen Davis, M.Sc., R.P.Bio. Richard D. Weir, M.Sc., R.P.Bio. Artemis Wildlife Consultants 4515 Hullcar Road Armstrong, BC V0E 1B4 (250) 546-0531 Final Report – Nimpkish Black Bear Habitat Analyses Executive Summary We examined habitat selectivity by American black bears (Ursus americanus) at 2 spatial scales (within home ranges and patches within stands) in coastal British Columbia, Canada from 1992–1995. We monitored 13 radio-collared males, but could only gather unbiased data for 4. We used information-theoretic inference to assess the effect of 18 habitat and spatial variables in 22 candidate models to explain selection of sites within home ranges. We examined patch scale selection within stands for 4 food and security variables by comparing the sites used by radio-collared males to typical stand conditions. Male black bears exhibited selectivity for a variety of resources that provided food and security at different spatial scales. The probability of use of sites by adult males increased with increasing values of berry-producing and succulent forage plants as well with increased security cover. Juvenile male black bears, however, did not make similar selections and may be relegated to using poor quality habitats with higher mortality risk because of social factors. The male black bears that we studied appeared to make the majority of their site selection decisions at the scale of the home range (i.e., for stands within their home ranges), although some selection was evident at the patch spatial scale. -
Winter Bird Highlights 2013
FROM PROJECT FEEDERWAtch 2012–13 Focus on citizen science • Volume 9 Winter BirdHighlights Winter npredictability is one constant as each winter Focus on Citizen Science is a publication highlight- ing the contributions of citizen scientists. This is- brings surprises to our feeders. The 2012–13 sue, Winter Bird Highlights 2013, is brought to you by Project FeederWatch, a research and education proj- season broke many regional records with sis- ect of the Cornell Lab of Ornithology and Bird Studies U Canada. Project FeederWatch is made possible by the kins and nuthatches moving south in record numbers efforts and support of thousands of citizen scientists. to tantalize FeederWatchers across much of the con- Project FeederWatch Staff tinent. This remarkable year also brought a record- David Bonter breaking number of FeederWatchers, with more than Project Leader, USA Janis Dickinson 20,000 participants in the US and Canada combined! Director of Citizen Science, USA Kristine Dobney Whether you’ve been FeederWatching for 26 years or Project Assistant, Canada Wesley Hochachka this is your first season counting, the usual suspects— Senior Research Associate, USA chickadees, juncos, and woodpeckers—always bring Anne Marie Johnson Project Assistant, USA familiarity and enjoyment, as well as valuable data, Rosie Kirton Project Support, Canada even if you don’t observe anything unusual. Whichever Denis Lepage birds arrive at your feeder, we hope they will bring a Senior Scientist, Canada Susan E. Newman sense of wonder that captures your attention. Thanks Project Assistant, USA for sharing your observations and insights with us and, Kerrie Wilcox Project Leader, Canada most importantly, Happy FeederWatching. -
Appendix 2: Plant Lists
Appendix 2: Plant Lists Master List and Section Lists Mahlon Dickerson Reservation Botanical Survey and Stewardship Assessment Wild Ridge Plants, LLC 2015 2015 MASTER PLANT LIST MAHLON DICKERSON RESERVATION SCIENTIFIC NAME NATIVENESS S-RANK CC PLANT HABIT # OF SECTIONS Acalypha rhomboidea Native 1 Forb 9 Acer palmatum Invasive 0 Tree 1 Acer pensylvanicum Native 7 Tree 2 Acer platanoides Invasive 0 Tree 4 Acer rubrum Native 3 Tree 27 Acer saccharum Native 5 Tree 24 Achillea millefolium Native 0 Forb 18 Acorus calamus Alien 0 Forb 1 Actaea pachypoda Native 5 Forb 10 Adiantum pedatum Native 7 Fern 7 Ageratina altissima v. altissima Native 3 Forb 23 Agrimonia gryposepala Native 4 Forb 4 Agrostis canina Alien 0 Graminoid 2 Agrostis gigantea Alien 0 Graminoid 8 Agrostis hyemalis Native 2 Graminoid 3 Agrostis perennans Native 5 Graminoid 18 Agrostis stolonifera Invasive 0 Graminoid 3 Ailanthus altissima Invasive 0 Tree 8 Ajuga reptans Invasive 0 Forb 3 Alisma subcordatum Native 3 Forb 3 Alliaria petiolata Invasive 0 Forb 17 Allium tricoccum Native 8 Forb 3 Allium vineale Alien 0 Forb 2 Alnus incana ssp rugosa Native 6 Shrub 5 Alnus serrulata Native 4 Shrub 3 Ambrosia artemisiifolia Native 0 Forb 14 Amelanchier arborea Native 7 Tree 26 Amphicarpaea bracteata Native 4 Vine, herbaceous 18 2015 MASTER PLANT LIST MAHLON DICKERSON RESERVATION SCIENTIFIC NAME NATIVENESS S-RANK CC PLANT HABIT # OF SECTIONS Anagallis arvensis Alien 0 Forb 4 Anaphalis margaritacea Native 2 Forb 3 Andropogon gerardii Native 4 Graminoid 1 Andropogon virginicus Native 2 Graminoid 1 Anemone americana Native 9 Forb 6 Anemone quinquefolia Native 7 Forb 13 Anemone virginiana Native 4 Forb 5 Antennaria neglecta Native 2 Forb 2 Antennaria neodioica ssp. -
Impatiens Glandulifera
NOBANIS – Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet Impatiens glandulifera Author of this fact sheet: Harry Helmisaari, SYKE (Finnish Environment Institute), P.O. Box 140, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland, Phone + 358 20 490 2748, E-mail: [email protected] Bibliographical reference – how to cite this fact sheet: Helmisaari, H. (2010): NOBANIS – Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet – Impatiens glandulifera. – From: Online Database of the European Network on Invasive Alien Species – NOBANIS www.nobanis.org, Date of access x/x/201x. Species description Scientific name: Impatiens glandulifera Royle (Balsaminaceae). Synonyms: Impatiens roylei Walpers. Common names: Himalayan balsam, Indian balsam, Policeman's Helmet (GB), Drüsiges Springkraut, Indisches Springkraut (DE), kæmpe-balsamin (DK), verev lemmalts (EE), jättipalsami (FI), risalísa (IS), bitinė sprigė (LT), puķu sprigane (LV), Reuzenbalsemien (NL), kjempespringfrø (NO), Niecierpek gruczolowaty, Niecierpek himalajski (PL), недотрога железконосная (RU), jättebalsamin (SE). Fig. 1 and 2. Impatiens glandulifera in an Alnus stand in Helsinki, Finland, and close-up of the seed capsules, photos by Terhi Ryttäri and Harry Helmisaari. Fig. 3 and 4. White and red flowers of Impatiens glandulifera, photos by Harry Helmisaari. Species identification Impatiens glandulifera is a tall annual with a smooth, usually hollow and jointed stem, which is easily broken (figs. 1-4). The stem can reach a height of 3 m and its diameter can be up to several centimetres. The leaves are opposite or in whorls of 3, glabrous, lanceolate to elliptical, 5-18 cm long and 2.5-7 cm wide. The inflorescences are racemes of 2-14 flowers that are 25-40 mm long. Flowers are zygomorphic, their lowest sepal forming a sac that ends in a straight spur. -
Ilex Mucronata (Formerly Nemopanthus Mucronata) – Mountain Holly, Catberry Pretty Fruits, but Not Palatable/Edible for Humans; Eaten by Birds
Prepared by Henry Mann, Nature Enthusiast/Naturalist For the Pasadena Ski and Nature Park In late summer and in fall, some herbs, shrubs and trees will produce fleshy fruits, some of which are edible, some inedible and some toxic to humans. Because of their detailed structure they have various botanical names such as pomes, drupes, berries, etc., however, commonly we often refer to all fleshy fruits as just berries. Also many dry fruits are produced, but only a few of these will be featured because of their edibility or toxicity. Photos are from the archives of HM except where otherwise indicated. Edibility “Edibility” is a highly variable term with a range of meanings from delicious, to nourishing and somewhat tasty, to edible but not very palatable. A small number of fruits that are edible and even delicious to most, can be non- palatable or even allergenic to a few individuals. Some fleshy fruits which are not very palatable fresh make superb jams, jellies, syrups, wines, etc. when cooked or fermented. Then there are fruits that have distinct toxic properties from mild to deadly. With any food collected and eaten from the wild it is extremely important to be certain of identity. There can be similar appearing fruits that are poisonous. This presentation does not recommend consuming any of the featured fruits. The viewer takes full personal responsibility for anything he or she eats. Vaccinium angustifolium - Low Sweet Blueberry, Lowbush Blueberry. A Newfoundland favorite and staple. Vaccinium vitis-idaea – Partridgeberry, Mountain Cranberry. A commonly sought and utilized Newfoundland fruit. Fragaria virginiana – Wild Strawberry and F. -
A Birder's Guide to Cook County, Northeastern Minnesota Birding
A Birder’s Guide to Cook County, Northeastern Minnesota This guide will help you find the birds of Cook County, one of the best birding areas in the upper midwest. The shore of Lake Superior and the wildlands of the northeast are natural treasures that are especially rich in birds. Descriptions of the locatoins can be found inside, along with information about how to make the most of your birding during each season of the year. Birding around the year Spring: The migration is always most exciting along the shore of Lake Superior. Spring migration is smaller than fall, but spring specialties include Tundra Swan, Sandhill Crane, Gray-cheeked Thrush, American Tree Sparrow, Harris’ Sparrow, Lapland Longspur and Rusty Blackbird. Boreal species like Black-backed Woodpecker, Boreal Owl and Northern Saw-whet Owl begin nesting during spring, which can begin as early as March and extend until June. Summer: In summer the excitement moves inland where specialties inclue Common Loon, American Black Duck, Bald Eagle, Ruffled Grouse, American Woodcock, Black-billed Cuckoo, Barred Owl, Northern Saw- whet Owl, Whip-poor-will, Olive-sided, Yellow-bellied, and Alder Flycatchers, Gray Jay, Boreal Chickadee, Winter and Sedge Wrens, 20 species of warblers, Le Conte’s Sparrow, and Evening Grosbeak. The summer breeding season extends from late May through early August. Autumn: the fall migration along the Norht Shore of Lake Superior is not to be missed! Beginning with the sight of thousands of Common Nighthawks in late August, the sheer quantity of birds moving down the shore makes this area a world-class migration route. -
Wetland Forest Habitat Type Classification System for Northern
(Photo from Kemp Natural Resources Station Archives) Region 4 GENERAL DESCRIPTION Region 4 encompasses Door, Marinette, Menominee, Oconto, and Shawano Counties. The entire region was glaciated during the Wisconsin glacial period. It is characterized by glacial and fluvioglacial landforms from lake plain, end moraine and outwash. Loams and silt loams are predominant soils and are developed over calcareous dolomite. Black spruce and tamarack forested wetlands exist on the sandy outwash in the northern portion of the region. Boreal conifer (white spruce and northern white cedar) and lowland black and green ash forested swamps exist on the lake plain influenced by Lake Michigan. Green ash is more predominant in the hardwood swamps of this region. Region 4: Door, Marinette, Menominee, Oconto, and Shawano Counties Section 5: Region 4 • 4-1 (Photo from Kemp Natural Resources Station Archives) WETLAND FOREST HABITAT TYPES OF REGION 4 PmLLe • Picea-Larix/Ledum • Black Spruce-Tamarack/Labrador Tea PmLNe • Picea-Larix/Nemopanthus • Black Spruce-Tamarack/Mountain Holly ThAbFnC • Thuja-Abies-Fraxinus/Coptis • Northern White Cedar-Balsam Fir-Black Ash/ Goldthread AbThArAsp • Abies-Thuja-Acer/Acer • Balsam Fir-Northern White Cedar-Red Maple/ Mountain Maple FnThAbAt • Fraxinus-Thuja-Abies/Athyrium • Black Ash-Northern White Cedar-Balsam Fir/ Lady Fern FnUB • Fraxinus-Ulmus/Boehmeria • Black Ash-(Formerly) Red Elm/False Nettle Section 5: Region 4 • 4-2 REGION 4 Key to Wetland Habitat Types (Scientific Names) 1 Sphagnum bog, conifer dominated: Picea mariana and Larix laricina usually most common. Fraxinus nigra absent. YES NO 2 3 4 Three or more These species These species present: better represented than better represented than Thuja canadensis those in Box 4: those in Box 3: Acer rubrum Acer spicatum Ulmus rubra Populus tremuloides Cornus canadensis Parthenocissus spp.