Rubus Arcticus Ssp. Acaulis Is Also Appreciated
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Relatives of Temperate Fruits) of the Book Series, "Wild Crop Relatives: Genetic, Genomic and Breeding Resources Ed C
Volume 6 (Relatives of Temperate Fruits) of the book series, "Wild Crop Relatives: Genetic, Genomic and Breeding Resources ed C. Kole 2011 p179-197 9 Rubus J. Graham* and M. Woodhead Scottish Crop Research Institute, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The Rosaceae family consists of around 3, 000 species of which 500 belong to the genus Rubus. Ploidy levels range from diploid to dodecaploid with a genomic number of 7, and members can be difficult to classify into distinct species due to hybridization and apomixes. Species are distributed widely across Asia, Europe, North and South America with the center of diversity now considered to be in China, where there are 250-700 species of Rubus depending on the taxonomists. Rubus species are an important horticultural source of income and labor being produced for the fresh and processing markets for their health benefits. Blackberries and raspberries have a relatively short history of less than a century as cultivated crops that have been enhanced through plant breeding and they are only a few generations removed from their wild progenitor species. Rubus sp. are typically found as early colonizers of disturbed sites such as pastures, along forest edges, in forest clearings and along roadsides. Blackberries are typically much more tolerant of drought, flooding and high temperatures, while red raspberries are more tolerant of cold winters. Additionally, they exhibit vigorous vegetative reproduction by either tip layering or root suckering, permitting Rubus genotypes to cover large areas. The attractiveness of the fruits to frugivores, especially birds, means that seed dispersal can be widespread with the result that Rubus genotypes can very easily be spread to new sites and are very effective, high-speed invaders. -
The Role of the Brown Bear Ursus Arctos As Seed Disperser: a Case Study with the Bilberry Vaccinium Myrtillus
The role of the brown bear Ursus arctos as seed disperser: a case study with the bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus Rola niedźwiedzia brunatnego Ursus arctos w rozprzestrzenianiu nasion: studium przypadku na przykładzie borówki czarnej Vaccinium myrtillus PhD thesis Alberto García-Rodríguez Kraków, 2021 To the memory of José Ignacio and Javier Rodríguez Val Female brown bear with two cubs of the year feeding on bilberry fruits in Tatra National Park (July 2020) “They thought they were burying you, they did not know they were burying a seed” Ernesto Cardenal, Nicaraguan priest, poet and politician PhD CANDIDATE mgr. ALBERTO GARCÍA-RODRÍGUEZ Institute of Nature Conservation of the Polish Academy of Sciences Al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Krakow, Poland SUPERVISOR dr. hab. NURIA SELVA FERNÁNDEZ Institute of Nature Conservation of the Polish Academy of Sciences Al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Krakow, Poland CO-SUPERVISOR dr. JÖRG ALBRECHT Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F) Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. The PhD thesis was prepared during doctoral studies in the Doctoral Study of Natural Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków. CONTENTS SUMMARY…………..……………..…………………………...………………………………………………...5 STRESZCZENIE……...………….……………………………………………………………………………….8 INTRODUCTION……………………...………………………………………………….……………………...11 PAPER I The role of the brown bear Ursus arctos as a legitimate megafaunal seed disperser………………..…30 PAPER II The bear-berry connection: ecological and management implications of -
Methods and Work Profile
REVIEW OF THE KNOWN AND POTENTIAL BIODIVERSITY IMPACTS OF PHYTOPHTHORA AND THE LIKELY IMPACT ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES JANUARY 2011 Simon Conyers Kate Somerwill Carmel Ramwell John Hughes Ruth Laybourn Naomi Jones Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................... 8 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 13 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 13 1.2 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 15 2. Review of the potential impacts on species of higher trophic groups .................... 16 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Methods ............................................................................................................................. 16 2.3 Results ............................................................................................................................... 17 2.4 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 44 3. Review of the potential impacts on ecosystem services ....................................... -
Analysis of Flavonoids in Rubus Erythrocladus and Morus Nigra Leaves Extracts by Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophor
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 25 (2015) 219–227 www.sbfgnosia.org.br/revista Original Article Analysis of flavonoids in Rubus erythrocladus and Morus nigra leaves extracts by liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis a a b c Luciana R. Tallini , Graziele P.R. Pedrazza , Sérgio A. de L. Bordignon , Ana C.O. Costa , d e a,∗ Martin Steppe , Alexandre Fuentefria , José A.S. Zuanazzi a Departamento de Produc¸ ão de Matéria Prima, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil b Centro Universitário La Salle, Canoas, RS, Brazil c Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil d Departamento de Produc¸ ão e Controle de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil e Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil a a b s t r a c t r t i c l e i n f o Article history: This study uses high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis as analytical tools Received 15 January 2015 to evaluate flavonoids in hydrolyzed leaves extracts of Rubus erythrocladus Mart., Rosaceae, and Morus Accepted 30 April 2015 nigra L., Moraceae. For phytochemical analysis, the extracts were prepared by acid hydrolysis and ultra- Available online 17 June 2015 sonic bath and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography using an ultraviolet detector and by capillary electrophoresis equipped with a diode-array detector. Quercetin and kaempferol were iden- Keywords: tified in these extracts. The analytical methods developed were validated and applied. -
38 Plant Species at Risk Accounts in Prince George Timber Supply Area
38 PLANT SPECIES AT RISK ACCOUNTS IN PRINCE GEORGE TIMBER SUPPLY AREA FIA PROJECT 2668067 Prepared for: Canadian Forest Products Ltd. 5162 Northwood Pulpmill Road Prince George, B.C. V2L 4W2 Attn: Bruce Bradley Prepared by: Timberline Natural Resource Group Ltd. 1512 97 th Avenue Dawson Creek, BC V1G 1N7 March 2008 1 Acknowlegements The authors of these accounts, Mecah Klem, Jen Atkins, Korey Green and Dan Bernier would like to thank Bruce Bradley and the PG FIA licensee group for funding this project. We would also like to acknowledge the work by Timberline staff on related projects – their research and previous related technical reports were useful for completing these accounts in an efficient and comprehensive manner. Gilbert Proulx of Alpha Wildlife Research and Management is also thanked for his contribution to other components of this collaborative project. 2 Table of Contents: Introduction ................................................................................................... 5 Alpine cliff fern .............................................................................................. 6 American sweet-flag ...................................................................................... 8 Arctic rush ................................................................................................... 10 Austrian draba ............................................................................................ 12 Back’s sedge ................................................................................................ -
F a C T S H E E T Blackberries
JEFFERSON COUNTY NOXIOUS WEED CONTROL BOARD F A C T S H E E T BLACKBERRIES Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus) and evergreen blackberry (Rubus laciniatus) Himalayan blackberry stems (canes) can grow to 9 feet in height but often trail along the ground, growing 20-40 feet long. Thorns grow along the stems as well as on the leaves and leaf stalks. Himalayan blackberries have five distinct leaflets; each leaflet has a toothed margin and is generally oval in shape. Canes start producing berries in their second year. Himalayan blackberry can be evergreen, depending on the site. Rose family. Himalayan blackberry Himalayan blackberry Evergreen blackberry The leaflets of evergreen blackberry are deeply lobed, making it easy to distinguish from WHY BE CONCERNED? Himalayan blackberry. Both Himalayan and evergreen DISTRIBUTION: blackberries form impenetrable Himalayan blackberry is extremely visible in thickets, consisting of both dead and most of Jefferson County, growing along live canes. These thickets out-compete roadsides, over fences and other vegetation, and native vegetation and are a good invading many open areas. Evergreen source of food and shelter for rats. blackberry is more common in the West end of the county, where it has been seen to invade Both Himalayan and evergreen riparian areas. blackberries are Class C Weeds 380 Jefferson Street, Port Townsend WA 98368 (360) 379-5610 Ext. 205 [email protected] http://www.co.jefferson.wa.us/WeedBoard ECOLOGY: . Seeds can be spread by birds, humans and other mammals. The canes often cascade outwards, forming mounds, and can root at the tip when they hit the ground, expanding the infestation . -
Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry ) Size/Shape
Rubus idaeus (raspberry ) Raspberry is an upright deciduous shrub.The shrub has thorns be careful. It ha pinatelly compound leaves with a toothed edge. The plant has two different types of shoots ( canes) One which produces fruits in the given year and one which grows leaves only but will be the next year productive shoot. The fruits are small but very juicy. It grows best in full fun and moderately fertile soil. The best to grow raspberry in a raised bed or in area where any frame or trellis can be put around the plants , otherwise it will fall on the ground. Landscape Information French Name: Framboisier, ﻋﻠﻴﻖ ﺃﺣﻤﺮ :Arabic Name Plant Type: Shrub Origin: North America, Europe, Asia Heat Zones: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Hardiness Zones: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Uses: Screen, Border Plant, Mass Planting, Edible, Wildlife Size/Shape Growth Rate: Fast Tree Shape: Upright Canopy Symmetry: Symmetrical Plant Image Canopy Density: Medium Canopy Texture: Medium Height at Maturity: 1 to 1.5 m Spread at Maturity: 1 to 1.5 meters Time to Ultimate Height: 2 to 5 Years Rubus idaeus (raspberry ) Botanical Description Foliage Leaf Arrangement: Alternate Leaf Venation: Pinnate Leaf Persistance: Deciduous Leaf Type: Odd Pinnately compund Leaf Blade: 5 - 10 cm Leaf Shape: Ovate Leaf Margins: Double Serrate Leaf Textures: Rough Leaf Scent: No Fragance Color(growing season): Green Flower Image Color(changing season): Brown Flower Flower Showiness: True Flower Size Range: 1.5 - 3 Flower Type: Raceme Flower Sexuality: Monoecious (Bisexual) Flower Scent: No Fragance Flower Color: -
State of New York City's Plants 2018
STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 Daniel Atha & Brian Boom © 2018 The New York Botanical Garden All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-89327-955-4 Center for Conservation Strategy The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10458 All photos NYBG staff Citation: Atha, D. and B. Boom. 2018. State of New York City’s Plants 2018. Center for Conservation Strategy. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 132 pp. STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCTION 10 DOCUMENTING THE CITY’S PLANTS 10 The Flora of New York City 11 Rare Species 14 Focus on Specific Area 16 Botanical Spectacle: Summer Snow 18 CITIZEN SCIENCE 20 THREATS TO THE CITY’S PLANTS 24 NEW YORK STATE PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES FOUND IN NEW YORK CITY 26 LOOKING AHEAD 27 CONTRIBUTORS AND ACKNOWLEGMENTS 30 LITERATURE CITED 31 APPENDIX Checklist of the Spontaneous Vascular Plants of New York City 32 Ferns and Fern Allies 35 Gymnosperms 36 Nymphaeales and Magnoliids 37 Monocots 67 Dicots 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, State of New York City’s Plants 2018, is the first rankings of rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct species of what is envisioned by the Center for Conservation Strategy known from New York City, and based on this compilation of The New York Botanical Garden as annual updates thirteen percent of the City’s flora is imperiled or extinct in New summarizing the status of the spontaneous plant species of the York City. five boroughs of New York City. This year’s report deals with the City’s vascular plants (ferns and fern allies, gymnosperms, We have begun the process of assessing conservation status and flowering plants), but in the future it is planned to phase in at the local level for all species. -
Research Cruise Report: Mission HLY031
Research Cruise Report: Mission HLY031 Conducted aboard USCGC Healy In Northern Baffi n Bay and Nares Strait 21 July –16 August 2003 Project Title: Variability and Forcing of Fluxes through Nares Strait and Jones Sound: A Freshwater Emphasis Sponsored by the US National Science Foundation, Offi ce of Polar Programs, Arctic Division Table of Contents Introduction by Chief Scientist . 4 Science Program Summary . 6 Science Party List . 7 Crew List . 8 Science Component Reports CTD-Rosette Hydrography . 9 Internally recording CTD . 29 Kennedy Channel Moorings . 33 Pressure Array . 41 Shipboard ADCP . 47 Bi-valve Retrieval . 51 Coring . 55 Seabeam Mapping . 65 Aviation Science Report . 71 Ice Report . 79 Weather Summary . 91 Inuit Perspective . 95 Photojournalist Perspective . 101. Website Log . 105 Chief Scientist Log . 111 Recommendations . .125 Introduction Dr. Kelly Kenison Falkner Chief Scientist Oregon State University In the very early hours of July 17, 2003, I arrived at collected via the ship’s Seabeam system and the underway the USCGC Healy moored at the fueling pier in St. John’s thermosalinograph system was put to good use throughout Newfoundland, Canada to assume my role as chief scientist much of the cruise. for an ambitious interdisciplinary mission to Northern Part of our success can be attributed to luck with Mother Baffi n Bay and Nares St. This research cruise constitutes Nature. Winds and ice worked largely in our favor as we the inaugural fi eld program of a fi ve year collaborative wound our way northward. Our winds were generally research program entitled Variability and Forcing of moderate and out of the south and the ice normal to light. -
Natural Resource Inventory Smith-Sargent
NATURAL RESOURCE INVENTORY of the SMITH-SARGENT ROAD PROPERTY Holderness, NH FINAL REPORT [Smith-Sargent Property Upper Marsh as seen from south boundary] Compiled by: Dr. Rick Van de Poll Ecosystem Management Consultants 30 N. Sandwich Rd. Center Sandwich, NH 03227 603-284-6851 [email protected] Submitted to: Holderness Conservation Commission June 30, 2016 i SUMMARY Between October 2015 and June 2016 a comprehensive natural resources inventory (NRI) was completed by Ecosystem Management Consultants (EMC) of Sandwich, NH on the 8.5-acre town conservation land at the corner of Sargent Road and Smith Road in Holderness, NH. Managed by the Holderness Conservation Commission (HCC), this parcel was obtained largely for the complex wetland system that occupies more than 65% of the parcel. The purpose of the NRI was to inform the town about the qualities of the natural resources on the lot, as well as to determine whether or not the site would be suitable for limited environmental education for the general public. Three site visits were conducted at the Sargent-Smith Road Property for the purpose of gathering NRI data. A fourth visit was also made on November 15, 2015 for the purpose of educating the HCC and other town officials about the extent and functional value of the wetlands on the parcel. The first field visit in October provided an initial review of the location of the parcel, the boundary of the wetland, and the plant and animal resources present. A second site visit in January was held for the purpose of tracking mammals during good snow cover. -
Lepidoptera of a Raised Bog and Adjacent Forest in Lithuania
Eur. J. Entomol. 101: 63–67, 2004 ISSN 1210-5759 Lepidoptera of a raised bog and adjacent forest in Lithuania DALIUS DAPKUS Department of Zoology, Vilnius Pedagogical University, Studentų 39, LT–2004 Vilnius, Lithuania; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Lepidoptera, tyrphobiontic and tyrphophilous species, communities, raised bog, wet forest, Lithuania Abstract. Studies on nocturnal Lepidoptera were carried out on the Laukėnai raised bog and the adjacent wet forest in 2001. Species composition and abundance were evaluated and compared. The species richness was much higher in the forest than at the bog. The core of each lepidopteran community was composed of 22 species with an abundance of higher than 1.0% of the total catch. Tyrpho- philous Hypenodes humidalis (22.0% of all individuals) and Nola aerugula (13.0%) were the dominant species in the raised bog community, while tyrphoneutral Pelosia muscerda (13.6%) and Eilema griseola (8.3%) were the most abundant species at the forest site. Five tyrphobiotic and nine tyrphophilous species made up 43.4% of the total catch on the bog, and three and seven species, respectively, at the forest site, where they made up 9.2% of all individuals. 59% of lepidopteran species recorded on the bog and 36% at the forest site were represented by less than five individuals. The species compositions of these communities showed a weak similarity. Habitat preferences of the tyrphobiontic and tyrphophilous species and dispersal of some of the species between the habi- tats are discussed. INTRODUCTION (1996). Ecological terminology is that of Mikkola & Spitzer (1983), Spitzer & Jaroš (1993), Spitzer (1994): tyrphobiontic The insect fauna of isolated raised bogs in Europe is species are species that are strongly associated with peat bogs, unique in having a considerable portion of relict boreal while tyrphophilous taxa are more abundant on bogs than in and subarctic species (Mikkola & Spitzer, 1983; Spitzer adjacent habitats. -
A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Galium in Iowa
Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science Volume 47 Annual Issue Article 15 1940 A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Galium in Iowa Philip Jordon Leyendecker Jr. Iowa State College Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©1940 Iowa Academy of Science, Inc. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pias Recommended Citation Leyendecker, Philip Jordon Jr. (1940) "A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Galium in Iowa," Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, 47(1), 101-113. Available at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pias/vol47/iss1/15 This Research is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa Academy of Science at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science by an authorized editor of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Leyendecker: A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Galium in Iowa A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE GENUS GALIUM IN IOWA PHILIP JORDON LEYENDECKER, JR. The genus Gali urn, a member of the Madder family (Rubiaceae), is world-wide in its distribution and includes approximately two hundred and fifty species. Ten species of Galium were enumerated by R. I. Cratty 1 in his annotated list of Iowa flora. Two new species, four varieties and three forms have since been reported for the state. The present study of the genus was undertaken with two objects in view: first, to clarify our understanding of the species found in Iowa, many of these specimens having been incorrectly named, and second, to incorporate the several name changes since the last edition of Gray's2 Manual ( 1908), five of which involve Iowa species.