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Stiftelsen Kulturmiljövård Mälardalen Kulturmiljövård Mälardalen Skrifter 1 Stiftelsen Kulturmiljövård Mälardalen Vetenskapligt program 2009 Stiftelsen Kulturmiljövård Mälardalen Vetenskapligt program 2009 Redaktör Anna Lihammer Kulturmiljövård Mälardalen Skrifter 1 Redaktör: Anna Lihammer Bildredaktör/grafisk formgivare: Anna-Lena Hallgren Utgivning och distribution: Stiftelsen Kulturmilövård Mälardalen Stora Gatan 41, 722 12 Västerås Tel:021-80 62 80 Fax:021-14 52 20 E-post:[email protected] © Kulturmiljövård Mälardalen 2009 Omslagsbild: Lilla Rytterne kyrkoruin. Foto: Anna Egebäck Kartor ur allmänt kartmaterial © Lantmäteriet. Ärende nr MS2006/01407 ISSN: 1653-7386 ISBN: 978-91-86255-22-0 Tryck: Just Nu, Västerås 2009. Innehållsförteckning Del 1 Stefan Elgh och Anna Lihammer Inledning Stefan Elgh och Anna Lihammer ..................................................................5 Syfte med det vetenskapliga programmet och målgrupper .....................................................5 Intern funktion ........................................................................................................................6 Extern funktion ......................................................................................................................6 Stiftelsen Kulturmiljövård Mälardalen Stefan Elgh ...............................................7 Verksamheten .................................................................................................................................7 Medarbetare och organisation......................................................................................................7 Introduktion till den praktiska verksamheten............................................................................7 Stiftelsen Kulturmiljövård i framtiden ......................................................................................10 Riktlinjer för forsknings- och utvecklingsarbetet Anna Lihammer ....................11 Bakgrund .......................................................................................................................................11 Målsättning och visioner .............................................................................................................12 Riktlinjer ........................................................................................................................................12 Interna forsknings- och utvecklingsprojekt .............................................................................16 Deltagande i externa forskningsprojekt ...................................................................................20 Sammanfattning Stefan Elgh och Anna Lihammer ....................................................21 Programmets syfte .......................................................................................................................21 Utgångspunkter ............................................................................................................................21 Teman ............................................................................................................................................21 Det vetenskapliga programmets roll i verksamhetens arbete ...............................................21 Referenser ...............................................................................................................22 Del 2 Torun Zachrisson Inledning .................................................................................................................23 Arkeologihistoria i Västmanland i korta drag ...................................................24 Natur- och kulturlandskap ...................................................................................26 Kulturlandskap .............................................................................................................................27 Dialekt ...........................................................................................................................................28 Ortnamn ........................................................................................................................................28 Landskapsutvecklingen och tvärvetenskap ..............................................................................29 Naturvetenskapliga analyser ................................................................................................29 Historia och kulturgeografi .................................................................................................30 Agrarlandskapet ...................................................................................................32 Yngre bronsålder–förromersk järnålder...................................................................................33 Romersk järnålder och folkvandringstid ..................................................................................34 Landskapsomvandling i mellersta järnålder .............................................................................34 Yngre järnålder till tidigmodern tid ..........................................................................................36 Bytomter .......................................................................................................................................36 Lämningstyper med lång användningstid .................................................................................38 Stensträngar ...........................................................................................................................38 Röjningsröseområden ..........................................................................................................39 Fossil åkermark i FMIS ........................................................................................................39 Bortodling .............................................................................................................................40 Redskap och föremål ...........................................................................................................40 Boplatser .................................................................................................................41 Generella drag ..............................................................................................................................43 Bebyggelsen ...........................................................................................................................44 Fynd .......................................................................................................................................45 Husens storlek .......................................................................................................................45 Relationen mellan höjd- och lerslättsgårdar......................................................................45 Hallar ......................................................................................................................................47 Husen......................................................................................................................................48 Bebyggelsens omfattning .....................................................................................................48 Utegångsdrift kontra fähusdrift och ensamliggande härdar...........................................49 Brunnar ..................................................................................................................................50 Intensivt och extensivt brukade åkrar ...............................................................................51 Äldre järnålderns landskapsutnyttjande i Mälarområdet .......................................................51 Gravar .....................................................................................................................53 Senneolitikum–Bronsålder .........................................................................................................53 Äldre järnålder ..............................................................................................................................56 Romersk järnålder .................................................................................................................58 Yngre järnålder .............................................................................................................................61 Gravfält ..................................................................................................................................63 Högar och storhögar ...........................................................................................................64 Båtgravar ................................................................................................................................66 Vapen- och ryttargravar .......................................................................................................68 Fångstmarksgravar ................................................................................................................69 Osteologiska bestämningar av yngre järnåldersgravar ....................................................70 Återbruk av äldre gravar ............................................................................................................71 Hägnader kring gravfält .......................................................................................................71 Rituella plattformar ..............................................................................................................72
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