In Memory of Jan Peder Lamm
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Tegan N. Currie Mphil Thesis
REPRESENTATIONS OF DEATH AND BURIAL IN THE FIRST SIX SAGAS OF SNORRI STURLUSON'S HEIMSKRINGLA Tegan N. Currie A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of MPhil at the University of St Andrews 2015 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9482 This item is protected by original copyright Representations of Death and Burial in the First Six Sagas of Snorri Sturluson’s Heimskringla Tegan N. Currie This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of MPhil at the University of St Andrews 26 April 2014 SUBMISSION OF PHD AND MPHIL THESES REQUIRED DECLARATIONS 1. Candidate’s declarations: I, Tegan N. Currie, hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately 40,000 words in length, has been written by me, that it is the record of work carried out by me and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. I was admitted as a research student in September, 2011 and as a candidate for the degree of Master of Philosophy in October, 2013; the higher study for which this is a record was carried out in the University of St Andrews between 2013 and 2014. Date: Signature of candidate: 2. Supervisor’s declaration: I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate for the degree of Master of Philosophy in the University of St Andrews and that the candidate is qualified to submit this thesis in application for that degree. -
Ritual Landscapes and Borders Within Rock Art Research Stebergløkken, Berge, Lindgaard and Vangen Stuedal (Eds)
Stebergløkken, Berge, Lindgaard and Vangen Stuedal (eds) and Vangen Lindgaard Berge, Stebergløkken, Art Research within Rock and Borders Ritual Landscapes Ritual Landscapes and Ritual landscapes and borders are recurring themes running through Professor Kalle Sognnes' Borders within long research career. This anthology contains 13 articles written by colleagues from his broad network in appreciation of his many contributions to the field of rock art research. The contributions discuss many different kinds of borders: those between landscapes, cultures, Rock Art Research traditions, settlements, power relations, symbolism, research traditions, theory and methods. We are grateful to the Department of Historical studies, NTNU; the Faculty of Humanities; NTNU, Papers in Honour of The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters and The Norwegian Archaeological Society (Norsk arkeologisk selskap) for funding this volume that will add new knowledge to the field and Professor Kalle Sognnes will be of importance to researchers and students of rock art in Scandinavia and abroad. edited by Heidrun Stebergløkken, Ragnhild Berge, Eva Lindgaard and Helle Vangen Stuedal Archaeopress Archaeology www.archaeopress.com Steberglokken cover.indd 1 03/09/2015 17:30:19 Ritual Landscapes and Borders within Rock Art Research Papers in Honour of Professor Kalle Sognnes edited by Heidrun Stebergløkken, Ragnhild Berge, Eva Lindgaard and Helle Vangen Stuedal Archaeopress Archaeology Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Gordon House 276 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 7ED www.archaeopress.com ISBN 9781784911584 ISBN 978 1 78491 159 1 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and the individual authors 2015 Cover image: Crossing borders. Leirfall in Stjørdal, central Norway. Photo: Helle Vangen Stuedal All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. -
In the Landscape and Between Worlds
In the Landscape and Between Worlds ronze age settlements and burials in the Swedish provinces around Lakes Mälaren and Hjälmaren yield few Bbronze objects and fewer of the era’s fine stone battle axes. Instead, these things were found by people working on wetland reclamation and stream dredging for about a century up to the Second World War. Then the finds stopped because of changed agricultural practices. The objects themselves have received much study. Not so with the sites where they were deposited. This book reports on a wide- ranging landscape-archaeological survey of Bronze Age deposition sites, with the aim to seek general rules in the placement of sites. How did a person choose the appropriate site to deposit a socketed axe in 800 bc? The author has investigated known sites on foot and from his desk, using a wide range of archive materials, maps and shoreline displacement data that have only recently come on-line. Over 140 sites are identified closely enough to allow characterisation of their Bronze Age landscape contexts. Numerous recurring traits emerge, forming a basic predictive or heuristic model. Bronze Age deposi- tion sites, the author argues, are a site category that could profitably be placed on contract archaeology’s agenda during infrastructure projects. Archaeology should seek these sites, not wait for others to report on finding them. martin rundkvist is an archaeologist who received his doctorate from Stockholm University in 2003. He has published research into all the major periods of Sweden’s post-glacial past. Rundkvist teaches prehistory at Umeå University, edits the journal Fornvännen and keeps the internationally popular Aardvarchaeology blog. -
Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History
Proceedingsof the SUFFOLK INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY 4 °4vv.es`Egi vI V°BkIAS VOLUME XXV, PART 1 (published 1950) PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY W. E. HARRISON & SONS, LTD., THE ANCIENT HOUSE, IPSWI611. The costof publishing this paper has beenpartially defrayedby a Grant from the Council for British Archeology. THE SUTTON HOO SHIP-BURIAL Recenttheoriesand somecommentsongeneralinterpretation By R. L. S. BRUCE-MITFORD, SEC. S.A. INTRODUCTION The Sutton Hoo ship-burial was discovered more than ten years ago. During these years especially since the end of the war in Europe has made it possible to continue the treatment and study of the finds and proceed with comparative research, its deep significance for general and art history, Old English literature and European archmology has become more and more evident. Yet much uncertainty prevails on general issues. Many questions cannot receive their final answer until the remaining mounds of the grave-field have been excavated. Others can be answered, or at any rate clarified, now. The purpose of this article is to clarify the broad position of the burial in English history and archmology. For example, it has been said that ' practically the whole of the Sutton Hoo ship-treasure is an importation from the Uppland province of Sweden. The great bulk of the work was produced in Sweden itself.' 1 Another writer claims that the Sutton Hoo ship- burial is the grave of a Swedish chief or king.' Clearly we must establish whether it is part of English archxology, or of Swedish, before we can start to draw from it the implications that we are impatient to draw. -
University of London Deviant Burials in Viking-Age
UNIVERSITY OF LONDON DEVIANT BURIALS IN VIKING-AGE SCANDINAVIA Ruth Lydia Taylor M. Phil, Institute of Archaeology, University College London UMI Number: U602472 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U602472 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ABSTRACT DEVIANT BURIALS IN VIKING-AGE SCANDINAVIA The thesis brings together information yielded from archaeology and other sources to provide an overall picture of the types of burial practices encountered during the Viking-Age in Scandinavia. From this, an attempt is made to establish deviancy. Comparative evidence, such as literary, runic, legal and folkloric evidence will be used critically to shed perspective on burial practices and the artefacts found within the graves. The thesis will mostly cover burials from the Viking Age (late 8th century to the mid- 11th century), but where the comparative evidence dates from other periods, its validity is discussed accordingly. Two types of deviant burial emerged: the criminal and the victim. A third type, which shows distinctive irregularity yet lacks deviancy, is the healer/witch burial. -
Birka På Björkö
45551633Gender Södertörns högskola | Institutionen för historia och samtidsstudier Masteruppsats 30 hp | Arkeologi | vårterminen 2014 Birka på Björkö Forskning, tidsanda och särställning Av: Birgitta Gärdin Handledare: Kerstin Cassel 2 Birka Hur många hedningar cirka Kan Ansgar ha kristnat i Birka? Döpte han fler än ett tjog? Var de västgötar, uppsvenskar, danskar? Är det verkligen troligt att Ansgar visste var Birka låg? Alf Henrikson Ur Tittut, 1992. Publicerad i Röster i Uppland En antologi av Göran Palm, sid 24 Teckning av Björn Berg i Svensk Historia del 1 av Alf Henrikson 1963, sid 86 ... har föranledt mig att i denna lilla uppsats, så vidt möjligt, söka undvika, att genom definitiva tolkningar af företeelserna gå en blifvande rikare erfarenhet i förväg, en försigtighet, som väl av ingen kan klandras... Ur Hjalmar Stolpens avhandling Naturhistoriska och arkeologiska underökningar på Björkö i Mälaren, 1872 Bilden på sid 1 samt bilderna på sista sidan är från Södertörns högskolas seminariegrävningar vid Båtudden, Björkö, 2008. Foto: Birgitta Gärdin och Olof Gärdin Bilden på sid 53 är hämtad från SHM Kartorna på sid 60 och sid 61 är hämtade från RAÄ 3 INNEHÅLL Inledning 5 Ett omfattande material 5 Där Birkaforskningen satt spår 6 Syfte 7 Teori 8 Metod och avgränsningar 9 Björkö – i och ur fokus 10 Stolpe startar moderna grävningar 13 Utvalt mål för att samla nationen 15 Birkaforskningen och den samtida samtiden 17 Stora ambitioner att göra fynden tillgängliga 19 New Archaeology i Birkaforskningen 20 Arkeologiintresserad kung ger pengar -
Barshalder 3 Rojrhage in Grötlingbo a Multi-Component Neolithic Shore Site on Gotland
Barshalder 3 Rojrhage in Grötlingbo A multi-component Neolithic shore site on Gotland Martin Rundkvist, Christian Lindqvist & Karl Thorsberg Stockholm Archaeological Reports 41, 2004 Department of Archaeology, University of Stockholm 1 Acknowledgements Table of Contents This work has benefited from the comments of 1. Introduction ....................................................3 Agneta Åkerlund, Fredrik Hallgren, Mats P. Mal- 2. Shore displacement, Neolithic mer, Inger Österholm, Ludvig Papmehl-Dufay topography and site size ...............................4 and Niklas Ytterberg. Remaining weaknesses are 3. Neolithic deposit preservation .....................4 all the authors’ responsibility. 4. Stone Age surroundings ................................6 Funding for radiocarbon analyses was kindly 5. Pottery ..............................................................9 provided by the National Heritage Board of Swe- 5.1. Introduction............................................9 den and the analyses were undertaken by Göran 5.2. Number and shapes of vessels.............9 Possnert of the Ångström Laboratory in Upp- 5.3. Decoration, pottery styles and sala. chronology ................................................9 This publication has been produced and prin- 5.4. TRB pottery ...........................................11 ted with the support of Stiftelsen Konung Gus- 5.5. GRK pottery..........................................12 tav VI Adolfs fond för svensk kultur and Mag- 5.6. STR pottery............................................14 -
Maritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World
MARITIME SOCIETIES OF THE VIKING AND MEDIEVAL WORLD Edited by JAMES H BARRETT and SARAH JANE GIBBON UNiVERSiTATSBIBLIOTHtK KIEL - ZENTFIALBIBLIOTHEK - Maney ®Publishing 2015 CONTENTS PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..... LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS ....... CHAPTER I Maritime Societies and the Transformation of the Viking Age and Medieval World By JAMES H BARRETT ....... CHAPTER 2 Sails and the Cognitive Roles of Viking Age Ships By CHRISTER WESTERDAHL ...... CHAPTER 3 Trade and Trust in the Baltic Sea Area During the Viking Age By INGRID GUSTIN ........ CHAPTER 4 Bound for the Eastern Baltic: Trade and Centres AD 800-1200 By MARIKA MAGI ........ CHAPTER 5 Between East and West: Economy and Society on the Island of Gotland ByDAN CARLSSON ........ CHAPTER 6 Viking Age Bornholm: An Island on the Crossways By MAGDALENA NAUM ....... CHAPTER 7 Trading Hubs or Political Centres of Power? Maritime Focal Sites in Early Sweden By STEFAN BRINK ........ CHAPTER 8 Accessibility and Vulnerability: Maritime Defence and Political Allegiance on the Vikbolandet Peninsula, Ostergotland, Sweden By MARTIN RUNDKVIST ....... CHAPTER 9 Dorestad as a Fluviatile Society By ANNEMARIEKE WILLEMSEN ...... CHAPTER 10 Maritime Environment and Social Identities in Medieval Coastal Flanders: The Management of Water and Environment and its Consequences for the Local Community and the Landscape By DRIES TYS . CHAPTER II The Maritime Cultural Landscape of Early Medieval Northumbria: Small Landing Places and the Emergence of Coastal Urbanism ByPIETERJAN DECKERS ........I38 CHAPTER 12 Post-Substantivist Production and Trade: Specialized Sites for Trade and Craft Production in Scandinavia AD C700-1000 ByDAGFINN SKRE .........I5 6 CHAPTER 13 Late Iron Age Boat Rituals and Ritual Boats in Norway By S^BJORG WALAKER NORDEIDE ..... -
Cecilia Ljung Under Runristad Häll
Cecilia Ljung Under runristad häll – Tidigkristna gravmonument i 1000-talets Sverige Stockholm Studies in Archaeology 67:1–2 Stockholm: Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University 2016 285 + 350 pages ISBN 978-91-983206-0-2 ISBN 978-91-983206-1-9 Review by Martin Rundkvist The second volume of Cecilia Ljung’s massive doctoral thesis is a lav- ishly illustrated catalogue. There is no theory chapter and hardly any fad jargon. Ljung argues clearly and economically throughout. On p. 28 she dismisses a convoluted previous interpretation with reference to Ockham’s razor. I approve on all counts. The title means “Under a rune-carved slab”. The work deals with Sweden’s early Christian burial monuments from the 11th century. This excludes the runestones, most of which are early Christian monuments, but which were not erected on graves in churchyards. The topic instead covers a few other classes of carved stone monument, notably the Es- kilstuna type. They carry the same general kind of runic inscriptions and interlace decoration as the runestones, and they date from the same time span. But they performed a different function in a different con- text. Nevertheless, the runestones are present throughout as a backdrop to the discussion. Ljung documents four major geographical clusters of these mon- uments: 1) around Skara in Västergötland, 2) in the western part of Östergötland’s plains belt, 3) on either side of Lake Hjälmaren in Närke CURRENT SWEDISH ARCHAEOLOGY, VOL 24, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.37718/CSA.2016.12 193 Review and Södermanland, 4) on Öland. Between them are a few outliers. -
Archaeological University Education and Professional Archaeology in Sweden Stig Welinder
209 Archaeological University Education and Professional Archaeology in Sweden Stig Welinder During the 19'" century very few persons in Sweden recieved a doctoral degree in archaeology. Most of them found prestigious top-positions. Today there are about 100 persons with Ph. D.'s working in Swedish archaeology in positions from the top to the bottom of the professional hierarchy. Each year 150-200 students finish their basic education in archaeology. Most of them will never find a permanent full-time job as an archaeologist. The future of Swedish archaeology will very much depend on the ambitions of the general public, including tens of thousands of persons with a formal university education in archaeology but no job within the profession. Stig Welinder, Etepartment of Humanities, Mid Syyeden Uniyersity, SE- 831 25 Östersund, Sweden. The dissertation by Hans Hildebrand from related to the professional labour market at 1866 is normally regarded as the first in universities, museums and cultural-heritage archaeology in Sweden. Oscar Montelius management institutions. The stress will be defended his thesis in 1869. Thus the 1860s on the ambitions and prospects of the youth saw the start ofprofessional archaeology con- ofthe 1990s. ducted by university-educated archaeologists In contrast to the 1910s, there are today a in Sweden. The first chairs in archaeology total of five universities and four university were established in 1914 and 1919, when colleges (Sw. högskolor) to choose among Oscar Almgren and Otto Rydbeck were when striving for an archaeological education appointed professors at Uppsala University and career in Sweden (figs. 1-2).The increase and Lund University, respectively. -
Sutton Hoo Och Beowulf Lindqvist, Sune Fornvännen 94-110 Ingår I: Samla.Raa.Se SUTTON HOO OCH BEOWULF*
Sutton Hoo och Beowulf Lindqvist, Sune Fornvännen 94-110 http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/fornvannen/html/1948_094 Ingår i: samla.raa.se SUTTON HOO OCH BEOWULF* Av Sune Lindqvist D'e.n 14 augusti 1939 godtog en engelsk domstol under handläggning av ett rättstall en bevisning av säregen art. Det gällde att avgöra äganderätten till ett planmässigt ur en forntida gravhög framgrävt fynd av utomordentligt vetenskapligt men också betydande materiellt värde. Vid Sutton Hoo, nära Ipswich på Suftolks kust, nordost om London, hade man uppdagat det rikaste gravinventarium, som över huvud grävts fram inom norra och mellersta Europa åtminstone allt sedan frankerkonungen Childerik 1:8 grav år 1653 öppnades vid Tournai i norra Frankrike. Ett klinkbyggt fartyg av 24 m:s längd och 4,5 m:s bredd — till for men närmast erinrande om den bekanta ekbåten från Nydam — hade sänkts ner i en ungefärligen mot dess djup svarande ränna, som man för ändamålet grävt i strandbräddens sand. I fartygets mittre del restes ett sadeltak av trä, stött mot relingarna, 5,8 m långt, i ömse ändar slutet av trekantiga gavelfält av trä, I övrigt hade hela skepps rummet fyllts ut till marknivån med den uppskottade sanden; det skedde förmodligen innan gravsättningen företogs. Allt gravgods, varav spår iakttagits, lades i varje fall samlat i kammaren, som efteråt doldes under en 20—24 m vid och 3 m hög kulle av grästorvor. Allt delta kunde noggrant iakttagas, ehuru träet upplösts och en dast efterlämnat en mörk avtärgning av kontaktytorna. Båtnitarna lågo kvar i tydliga rader. Gravrummet innehöll en rik vapenrustning — hjälm, sköld, svärd med gehäng, flera spjut och pilar in. -
MARITIME SOCIETIES of the VIKING and MEDIEVAL WORLD MAM 37: 00-Prelims – Page Ii – 4Th Proof
MAM 37: 00-prelims – page i – 4th proof THE SOCIETY FOR MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY MONOGRAPH 37 Series Editors Christopher Gerrard and Gabor Thomas MARITIME SOCIETIES OF THE VIKING AND MEDIEVAL WORLD MAM 37: 00-prelims – page ii – 4th proof THE SOCIETY FOR MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY MONOGRAPHS 1 G Bersu and D M Wilson (1966) Three Viking Graves in the Isle of Man 2 F W B Charles (1967) Medieval Cruck-building and its Derivatives 3 P A Rahtz (1969) Excavations at King John’s Hunting Lodge, Writtle, Essex, 1955–57 4 A L Meaney and S C Hawkes (1970) Two Anglo-Saxon Cemeteries at Winnall, Winchester, Hampshire 5 H E J Le Patourel (1973) The Moated Sites of Yorkshire 6 G T M Beresford (1975) The Medieval Clay-land Village: Excavations at Goltho and Barton Blount 7 H Clarke and A Carter (1977) Excavations in King’s Lynn, 1963–1970 8 J G Hurst (general ed) Wharram. A Study of Settlement on the Yorkshire Wolds, vol I: D D Andrews and G Milne (eds) (1979) Domestic Settlement I: Areas 10 and 6 9 C M Mahany, A Burchard and G Simpson (1982) Excavations at Stamford, Lincolnshire, 1963–69 10 P Mayes and K Scott (1984) Pottery Kilns at Chilvers Coton, Nuneaton 11 J G Hurst and P A Rahtz (general eds) Wharram. A Study of Settlement on the Yorkshire Wolds, vol III: R D Bell, M W Beresford and others (1987) The Church of St Martin 12 D Austin (1989) The Deserted Medieval Village of Thrislington, Co Durham: Excavations 1973–1974 13 V L Yanin, E N Nosov, A S Khoroshev, A N Sorokin, E A Rybina, V L Povetkin and P G Gaidukov (1992) The Archaeology of Novgorod, Russia 14 K Parfitt and B Brugmann (1997) The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery on Mill Hill, Deal, Kent 15 D Gaimster and P Stamper (eds) (1997) The Age of Transition: the Archaeology of English Culture 1400–1600 16 D A Hinton (2000) A Smith in Lindsey: the Anglo-Saxon Grave at Tattershall Thorpe, Lincolnshire 17 S Lucy and A Reynolds (eds) (2002) Burial in Early Medieval England and Wales 18 S T Driscoll (2002) Excavations at Glasgow Cathedral 1988–1997 19 P Mayes (2003) Excavations at a Templar Preceptory.