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XXVIII (2) : 61–128 (2017) : p-ISSN 1024-0845 e-ISSN 2228-4893 Kaastööde esitamiseks ja vabaks juurdepääsuks külastage: http://agrt.emu.ee For online submission and open access visit: http://agrt.emu.ee/en AGRAARTEADUS JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE J Agric Sci Vol. 28 No. 2 ?????????????? pp 61–128 Akadeemilise Põllumajanduse Seltsi väljaanne Estonian Academic Agricultural Society Tartu 2017 Tartu, Estonia ?????????????? December 2017 Toimetuskolleegium / Editorial Board Peatoimetaja / Editor-in-chief Alo Tänavots Estonian University of Life Sciences Toimetajad / Editors Maarika Alaru Estonian University of Life Sciences David Arney Estonian University of Life Sciences Tanel Kaart Estonian University of Life Sciences Marko Kass Estonian University of Life Sciences Evelin Loit Estonian University of Life Sciences Toomas Orro Estonian University of Life Sciences Oliver Sada Estonian University of Life Sciences Ants-Hannes Viira Estonian University of Life Sciences Rahvusvaheline toimetuskolleegium / International Editorial Board Berit Bangoura University of Leipzig, Institute of Parasitology, Germany Ants Bender Jõgeva Plant Breeding Institute, Estonia Gunita Deksne Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment - "BIOR", Latvia Margareta Emanuelson Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Martti Esala Natural Resource Institute Finland, Luke Marek Gaworski Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland Csaba Jansik Natural Resource Institute Finland, Luke Aleksandrs Jemeljanovs Latvia University of Agriculture Olav Kärt Estonian University of Life Sciences Hussain Omed Bangor University, UK Sven Peets Harper Adams University, UK Jan Philipsson Swedish University of Life Sciences Vidmantas Pileckas Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Jaan Praks Estonian University of Life Sciences Baiba Rivza Latvia University of Agriculture Mart Sõrg Tartu University, Estonia Merko Vaga Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Rein Viiralt Estonian University of Life Sciences Abstracted / indexed: AGRICOLA, AGRIS, CABI, CABI Full Text, DOAJ, EBSCO p-ISSN: 1024-0845 e-ISSN: 2228-4893 Väljaandmist toetab Eesti Maaülikool / Supported by Estonian University of Life Sciences Trükk / Print: Eesti Ülikoolide Kirjastus OÜ Kaanepilt / Cover image by freepik.com AGRAARTEADUS 2017 XXVIII 2 Väljaandja: Akadeemiline Põllumajanduse Selts Peatoimetaja: Alo Tänavots Tehniline toimetaja: Irje Nutt Aadress: Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014 Tartu e-post: [email protected] www: http://aps.emu.ee, http://agrt.emu.ee Agraarteaduses avaldatud teaduspublikatsioonid on retsenseeritud SISUKORD TEADUSARTIKLID A. Bender, S. Tamm Tetraploidse punase ristiku seemnepõllu rajamine kattevilja aluse külviga ................. 63 K. Laikoja, L. Teder, I. Jõudu Assessment of chemical and sensory quality of unsalted and salted sweet cream butter during storage at different temperatures and time ..................................................... 76 M. Olle The effect of Silicon on the organically grown iceberg lettuce growth and quality ..... 82 T. Püssa Ülevaade: toidulisandid – kasulikud, kasutud või ohtlikud? ...................................... 87 T. Vahter, M. Nõges Lihtsa krohmseene inokulaadi kasvatamine ning võrdlus kaubanduslike toodetega taimekasvu suurendamiseks ...................................................................................... 94 K. Jan, M. Waseem, D.M. Baloch, A.H. Baloch, M.A. Khan, T. Khan, M. Rashid, Q. Ali Morphological lodge of desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) genotypes and stage- manage by planting log under dry tropical prospect .................................................... 106 KROONIKA M. Kass, H. Kiiman Akadeemilise Põllumajanduse Seltsi 2016. aasta tegevusaruanne ............................... 113 E. Lokk 70 aastat tagasi asutati Loomakasvatusinstituut (ELVI) ............................................. 115 JUUBELID A. Bender Hans Küüts – 85 ...................................................................................................... 118 A. Tsahkna Maia Raudseping – 75 .............................................................................................. 119 A. Bender Aide Tsahkna – 70 ................................................................................................... 120 IN MEMORIAM E. Ernits Mihkel Jalakas – in memoriam ................................................................................. 121 A. Bender Rein Kask – in memoriam ……................................................................................. 123 MÄLESTUSPÄEVAD J. Kuht Professor Elmar Haller – 110 ......………………………………………………………… 125 TEATED Doktorikraadi kaitsjad Eesti Maaülikoolis 2017. aastal …………............................... 127 JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 2017 XXVIII 2 Published by: Academic Agricultural Society Editor in Chief: Alo Tänavots Technical Editor: Irje Nutt Address: Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014 Tartu, e-mail: [email protected] www: http://aps.emu.ee, http://agrt.emu.ee Scientific publications published in Agraarteadus are peer-reviewed CONTENTS RESEARCH ARTICLES A. Bender, S. Tamm Establishment of tetraploid red clover seed field under a cover crop .......................... 63 K. Laikoja, L. Teder, I. Jõudu Assessment of chemical and sensory quality of unsalted and salted sweet cream butter during storage at different temperatures and time ..................................................... 76 M. Olle The effect of Silicon on the organically grown iceberg lettuce growth and quality ..... 82 T. Püssa Review: food supplements – useful, useless or hazardous? ............................................... 87 T. Vahter, M. Nõges Comparing a simple arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculum with commercial products for enhancing plant growth ...................................................................................... 94 K. Jan, M. Waseem, D.M. Baloch, A.H. Baloch, M.A. Khan, T. Khan, M. Rashid, Q. Ali Morphological lodge of desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) genotypes and stage- manage by planting log under dry tropical prospect .................................................... 106 ANNOUNCEMENTS Thesis defenders Estonian University of Life Sciences in 2017 …..…………………… 127 Teadusartiklid / Research articles 63 Agraarteadus Journal of Agricultural Science 2 * XXVIII * 2017 63–75 2 * XXVIII * 2017 63–75 TETRAPLOIDSE PUNASE RISTIKU SEEMNEPÕLLU RAJAMINE KATTEVILJA ALUSE KÜLVIGA ESTABLISHMENT OF TETRAPLOID RED CLOVER SEED FIELD UNDER A COVER CROP Ants Bender, Sirje Tamm Eesti Taimekasvatuse Instituut, J. Aamisepa 1, Jõgeva alevik, 48309, Jõgevamaa Saabunud: 01.11.17 ABSTRACT. In 2013–2014 field trials were organised in Estonian Crop Received: Research Institute to comply with the applied project of the Estonian Aktsepteeritud: 15.12.17 Ministry of Agriculture. In the establishment of a red clover seed Accepted: production field 2 cover crops (barley and spring wheat) were investigated on 4 treatments and 4 seed rates (2, 4, 6 and 8 kg ha-1). Based on the field Avaldatud veebis: 20.12.17 Published online: trials it can be concluded that both two-row barley (the variety 'Maali') and spring wheat (the variety 'Mooni') are suitable cover crops for the Vastutav autor: establishment of a red clover seed production field. For early red clover Ants Bender Corresponding author: barley is more suitable as a cover crop. For the late red clover barley and e-mail: [email protected] spring wheat are equally suitable as cover crops. According to yield results of cover crop, red clover seed yield as well as economical calculations Keywords: cover crop, early and late based on expenditures, reduction of recommended seed and nitrogen rate tetraploid red clover, nitrogen and seeding rate, seed yield, economical should be decrease to up to 1/3 in spring cereals cultivation. For tetraploid calculation. varieties of red clover we recommend to use 4–6 kg/ha (germination 100%) in the establishment of the red clover seed production field. Link: http://agrt.emu.ee/pdf/ 2017_2_bender.pdf DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.15159/jas.17.08 © 2017 Akadeemiline Põllumajanduse Selts. Kõik õigused kaitstud. 2017 Estonian Academic Agricultural Society. All rights reserved. Sissejuhatus Seoses kliima üldise soojenemisega on Eestis viimase 30 aasta jooksul öökülmavaba periood pikenenud 17 Punane ristik on Eestis peamine liblikõieline heintaim, päeva võrra (Sepp, 2015). Sellega seoses on muutunud mille seemnesaak sõltub sordi tüübist, kasvuaasta ilmas- aktuaalseks küsimus, kas punase ristiku seemnepõllu tikust, tolmeldajate rohkusest ja rakendatavast agrotehni- rajamisel võiks kuuerealisi odrasorte asendada kahe- kast. Üldjuhul soovitatakse seemnepõld rajada kattevilja realistega (keskvalmivatega). Kaherealiste odrasortide aluse külvina. Kattevilja kasutamisel jääb seemnekasva- kasutusvõimalus katteviljana oleks kahetiselt kasulik: tajatel ära saagitu (sissetulekuta) aasta, üheaastaste umb- 1) kattevilja lamandumine ohustab allakülvi vähem; rohtude surve noorele ristikutaimikule on väiksem ning 2) kahetahulise odra tera on jämedam, saak seega kvali- kattevili kaitseb suve esimesel poolel ristiku orast eba- teetsem ning saagi kasutamisvõimalused avaramad. soodsate ilmastikuolude eest. Põhjapoolsetes riikides Varaste suvinisusortide käibeletulek ühelt poolt, kliima soovitatakse katteviljana kasvatada varast otra, mille soojenemisest tulenev vegetatsiooniperioodi pikenemine koristusaeg on suviteraviljadest varaseim. Siis jääb teiselt poolt, pakub võimaluse kasutada katteviljana ka ristikutaimikule kattevilja koristamise ja vegetatsiooni- suvinisu.