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The Inflectional Structure of Lubukusu Verbs Aggrey

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The Inflectional Structure of Lubukusu Verbs Aggrey i THE INFLECTIONAL STRUCTURE OF LUBUKUSU VERBS AGGREY WAFULA WATULO C50/NKU/CE/28191/2013 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS OF KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OCTOBER 2018 ii DECLARATION iii DEDICATION In memory of my dear late, mum Edith Nekoye, my late uncles Jeff Watulo and Fred Wenyaa for being my mentors. To my late grand mums Rosa and Rasoa who took good care of me after the demise of my mum. Lastly, to my dear wife Naomi who with unwavering support took good care of our lovely sons Ken and Mike while I was busy connecting dots during mid night and day time to make my writing scholarly. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT With a lot of humility, I appreciate our Almighty God for enriching me with sufficient grace and patience until this moment. I would not have travelled this long journey had it not been for God‟s mercy and guidance in all the activities I carried out in building my research work. My project has finally come to a success because of Dr. Nandelenga‟s dedication to read the many drafts I send to him. I am deeply indebted to Dr. Nandelenga‟s passionate guidance and advice during the time I was struggling to read and write my work. My profound gratitude goes to my linguistics MA lecturers whom I met during my course work. To Dr. Kirigia, Prof. Khasandi and Dr. Wathika thank you for taking me through course work. I have special regards for Professor Marlo of Missouri University for the pain-staking task he took for sending soft copy of resources on Bantu morphology and syntax. The great role that my dad played cannot be gainsaid up to this final stage of my project. He gave me the most adequate advice to study language up to this level. To my siblings, Musa, Nanyama, Wekesa, Nanjala and Ngome your prayer, moral support and encouragement made me a strong and confident candidate in the class of linguistics at Kenyatta University. Lastly, I must mention my classmates in the class of linguistics whom we shared insightful talks concerning research. v TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION .................................................................................................... ii DEDICATION ....................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................... iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ v LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................. ix A LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ACRONYMS ......................................................... x OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS ........................................................ xi ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER ONE .................................................................................................... 1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ..................................................................... 1 1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Study ................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................ 10 1.3 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................... 11 1.4 Research Questions ......................................................................................... 11 1.5 Assumptions .................................................................................................... 11 1.6 Justification and Significance .......................................................................... 12 1.7 Scope and Limitations ..................................................................................... 13 1.8 Summary ......................................................................................................... 14 CHAPTER TWO ................................................................................................. 15 LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK .............. 15 2.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 15 2.1 Literature Review ............................................................................................ 15 2.1.1 Bantu Morphological Template Structure .................................................... 15 2.1.2 Lubukusu Verbal Inflectional Morphology .................................................. 20 vi 2.1.3 Agreement in Selected Bantu Languages ..................................................... 22 2.1.4 Studies in Inferential Realization Theory ..................................................... 23 2.2 Theoretical Framework ................................................................................... 28 2.3 Summary ......................................................................................................... 31 CHAPTER THREE ............................................................................................ 32 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ....................................................................... 32 3.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 32 3.1 Research Design .............................................................................................. 32 3.2 Study Site and Target Population .................................................................... 32 3.3 Sampling Technique and Sample Size ............................................................ 33 3.4 Data Collection Instruments ............................................................................ 35 3.5 Data Collection Procedures ............................................................................. 35 3.7 Data Analysis .................................................................................................. 37 3.8 Data Management and Ethical Considerations ............................................... 39 3.9 Summary ......................................................................................................... 40 CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................................... 41 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS .................................................... 41 4.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 41 4.1 Verbal Template Structure .............................................................................. 41 4.1.1 Pre-initial Negation and Tense ..................................................................... 43 4.1.2 Negation and Aspect .................................................................................... 45 4.1.3 Prefinal Markers and Final Vowel ............................................................... 46 4.1.4 Subject and Object Markers ......................................................................... 48 4.1.5 Tense Aspect Markers .................................................................................. 51 4.2 Realization of Tense ........................................................................................ 53 4.2.1 Present Tense ................................................................................................ 53 vii 4.2.2 Past Tense ..................................................................................................... 54 4.2.2.1 Intermediate Past ....................................................................................... 54 4.2.2.2 Remote Past ............................................................................................... 56 4.2.2.3 Immediate past .......................................................................................... 57 4.2.3 Future Tense ................................................................................................. 57 4.2.3.1 Intermediate Future ................................................................................... 58 4.2.3.2 Immediate Future ...................................................................................... 58 4.2.3.3 Remote Future/Indefinite Future ............................................................... 59 4.3 Aspect .............................................................................................................. 60 4.3.1 Progressive Aspect ....................................................................................... 60 4.3.2 Habitual Aspect ............................................................................................ 62 4.3.3 Perfective Aspect .......................................................................................... 65 4.4 Agreement ....................................................................................................... 68 4.4.1 Subject Verb Agreement and Modifiers ....................................................... 69 4.4.2 Simple and Negative Predicates ................................................................... 75 4.4.3 Animate and Non-animate NPs .................................................................... 76 4.4.4
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