Morphoanatomical Characterization of an Ectomycorrhizal Species of Tricholoma (Tricholomataceae) from Kashmir Himalaya, India

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Rather HA, Malik NA and Kaur M* Research Article Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, India Volume 6 Issue 1 Received Date: January 12, 2021 *Corresponding author: Munruchi Kaur, Department of botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, Published Date: February 05, 2021 147002, India, Email: [email protected] DOI: 10.23880/oajar-16000262

Abstract

Tricholoma aurantium Cedrus deodara and Tricholoma pardinum Pinus wallichiana The present study includes the comparative study of characteristic field ectomycorrhizae between Tricholoma associated with with . The carpophores and their ectomycorrhizal aurantium and Tricholoma pardinum. These species are unique in their characters such as Tricholoma aurantium is morphotypes were collected under their respective host plants. These species were taxonomically identified as Cedrus deodara

characterized by growing carpophore in ectomycorrhizal association with . Its pileus is yellow orange (4A8) with non-striate, involute margin. The lamellae changes from white to rusty brown, the stipe consists fluid like substance Tricholoma pardinum at surface with mycelium. The cystidial elements are frequently present in infected roots while rhizomorphs are not found. Pinus wallichiana is characterized by tiger spotted scales covering the entire pileus, with unchanging flesh, interveined and absence of cystidia on mantle of root. Morpho-anatomical description of ectomycorrhizae and carpophores are illustrated notched lamellae. It has been found in ectomycorrhizal association with with frequently present rhizomorphs in this paper. The Tricholoma aurantium Cedrus deodara Tricholoma pardinum associated with is first time morpho-anatomically described from Kashmir Himalaya while is first time recorded from India. Keywords:

Coniferous Forests; Field Ectomycorrhizae; Epigeous; Taxonomy Introduction ends in November. The Kashmir Himalaya is a hot spot for the The Kashmir Himalaya being located at the bio- collection of ectomycorrhizal agarics starts in mid April and geographically pivotal position, representing a unique Tricholoma aurantium and T. pardinum have been reported biospheric unit in the North -Western Himalayas Rodgers fromdiversity pure of ectomycorrhizalconiferous forest agarics under particularly Cedrus deodara tricholomas. and Pinus wallichina. The coniferous forests are dominant in

WA, et al.2 [1], lies between 33°20’ and 34°54’N2. The latitudeforests Pinaceae Cedrus deodara , Pinus wallichiana , and 73°55’ and 75°35’E, longitudes covering an area of Piceathe Kashmir smithiana province., Abies pindrowThe ectomycorrhizal and Betulaceae hosts. The belong Kashmir to dominant15,948km members with forest as areaCedrus about deodara 8,123Km, Pinus wallichiana Himalaya, especiallyharbors a with hub of diversity of agarics and their andof Kashmir Pinus gerardiana Himalaya are dominatedPicea with smithiana, conifers Abies with pindrow, Abies spectabilis, Betula utilis, Taxus wallichiana, and Rhododendron anthopogan with pockets. The of best season for the ectomycorrhizas.Cedrus The deodara present and study Pinus was wallichiana undertaken in the to document the ectomycorrhizal diversity of Kashmir forests associated with Morphoanatomical Characterization of an Ectomycorrhizal Species of Tricholoma (Tricholomataceae) J Agri Res from Kashmir Himalaya, India 2 Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research

Kashmir Himalaya, India. Watling R, et al. [2] had published examinedMethodology and identified for in Systematics the laboratory. a comprehensive list of 119taxa of mushroom from Jammu and Kashmir and the list was further extended to 145species fromby Beig the MA, state et ofal. Jammu(2008) and [3] Kashmir.with the addition of 26taxa [4] added more taxa to this list thereby extending the list to 250 The classification, terminology and generic concepts Tricholoma as given in the “Dictionary of Fungi” by Kirk PM, et al. [5] will be followed. The macroscopic & microscopic details (Fr.) Quel is an ectomycorrhizal genus that will be worked out as per methodology given by Atri et al.. is characterized by fairly fleshy, white spored agaric which The characters pertaining to the gross morphology like, is growing in forests and distributed worldwide. They shape, colour, size of the pileus, stipe, lamellae, presence agaricsare ectomycorrhizal, are more common associated under with Pinus various wallichiana species and of documentedor absence of on annulus the “Field and Key volval to Mushroom types, etc Collector”. will be noted. The Cedrusconiferous deodara and broad-leaved, thus these forests.have been These targeted ectomycorrhizal for the The macroscopic features of the collected material will be

Tricholoma colour terminology of Kornerup A, et al. [14] will be used. A collection. Kirk PM, et al. [5] recognized 200 species of genus small portion of the collection will be preserved in a liquid world over. The recent Mycobank (http://www. preservative Hawksworth DL, et al. [15]. The major portion mycobank.org/) shows 984species of this genus. From India of the same collection was hot dried as per the standard this Ongenus the is reportedbasis of bymorphotyping, 13species [6,7]. 5800 fungal species protocol. The dried material will be packed in the cellophone sheets along with few crystals of 1,4 paradicholorobenzene caseor naphthalene of dried material balls. The it is microscopic revived in 10% details KOH will solution. be studied The belonging to 184 genera form ectomycorrhizal associations. by cutting free hand sections of the wet preserved material. In As per Alexander I, et al. [8], 7000-10000 fungal species form ectomycorrhizal associationBasidiomycota worldwide. Recently, 84 to Ascomycota Rinaldi AC, forsections basidia, will becystidia, stained epicutis, with 1% hymenophoralCotton Blue. Camera trama, Lucida root andet al. 5 [9] to documented Zygomycota 343 genera including 11, 950 species, of drawings of the sections will be done. The observations Thewhich members 252 genera of Betulaceae, belong to Pinaceae, Fagaceae, Salicaceae and Dipterocarpaceae that form ectomycorrhizal association. systematicssections, etc. including will be made the description with the help and illustrationsof Camera Lucida of the at accurate magnification. The research work will consist of families form Tricholoma ectomycorrhizal sulfureum andassociation T. vaccinum with fungal speciesTricholoma Buscot F, aurantium et al. [10] is families with its genera, section, subsections, species and described mycorrhizae formation of varieties. A full synonymy and author citations will be quoted with spruce. Herbariumfor each species of the and Department collection of data Botany, of all Punjabi specimens University, will be ofwidely T. aurantium distributed in North America Kuo M, et al. [11]; mentioned. All the collections have been deposited in the Niazi AR, et al. [12] described putative ectomycorrhizae of T. aurantium with AbiesPinus alba wallichiana and Abies pindrow and MethodologyPatiala under (PUN) for ECM for further preservation references. and Morpho- from Pakistan Comandini O, et al. [13] described mycorrhizae Anatomical Studies of families Betulaceae,with Fagaceae, in Italy.Pinaceae About and 5400 Myrtaceae species. of fungi form ectomycorrhizal associations with members Cedrus deodara and Pinus wallichiana have The morphological and anatomical characterization of beenThe collected. fruiting The bodies ECM of roots putative just beneathectomycorrhizal the fruit agaricsbodies ectomycorhizae and identification of fungal partner are growing under Tricholomapre- requirement aurantium for recognizingCedrus mycorrhizal deodara and diversity T. pardinum in an forest ectosystem. Pinus In thewallichiana present paper,are documented ectomycorhhizae in detail. of growing on the fine feeder roots of host plant have been with accessed. The ECM roots were preserved in FAA (Formalin associatedMaterials with and Methods acetic acid alcohol) for morpho anatomical studies. Morpho anatomical details of ectomycorrhizal roots were worked Study Area out as per methodology given by Agerer and Rambold, et al. (2004-2007).Results

Key to the Investigated Taxa of Genus Tricholoma The Kashmir Himalaya was taken as investigation0 31.554´ N -075 area.0. The present collections were examined from Kulgam at an • altitude of 2130m with coordinates 33 coniferous forest under Cedrus deodara on humus soil; 269E and village Langate of district Kupwara at an altitude of Carpophores growing in scattered condition in a pure 1791m during summer season. The agarics were collected, Kaur M, et al. Morphoanatomical Characterization of an Ectomycorrhizal Species of Copyright© Kaur M, et al. Tricholoma (Tricholomataceae) from Kashmir Himalaya, India. J Agri Res 2021, 6(1): 000262. 3 Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research

0 ‶N– 740 scattered condition in a pure coniferous forest in ECM CystidiaPileus yellow present orange on (4A8);outer Odourmantle farinaceous; of root..Tricholoma Lamellae Langate (1791 m)Cedrus 34 22’42 deodara on 18’32E,humus growingsoil during in aurantium.changes to rusty brown; Rhizomorphs not observed. • 19associationth, 2017. with Pinus wallichiana in coniferous forest; Pileus reddish summer season, Hilal Ahmad Rather, PUN ( 10778), June Carpophores growing in groups in ECM association with Distribution and Ecology: Tricholoma aurantium

Cystidiagrey (9B2) not found with pinkishon outer to mantle violet of shade; root... Tricholoma Odor mild; growing pardinum.Lamellae unchanging; Rhizomorphs frequently present; scattered or gregariously and in clusters in mycorrhizal symbiosis with conifers, quite extensively dispersed Tricholoma aurantium (Schaeff.) Ricken, Die in northern and montane North America includes the Rocky mountains and the Appalachians Kuo M, et al. Blätterpilze 1: 332 (1915) of[11]. T. aurantium This species is widely distributed inPinus North wallichiana America andKuo Abies M, et pindrow al. [11]. The ectomycorrhizal characterization Carpophores 4.5-11.0cm in height Pileus 2.8-7cm broad, has been documented with silver [MycoBank No. 356852; Legitimate] Figures 1&2 Abies alba from Pakistan Niazi AR, et al. [12]. This species also form ectomycorrhizal association with convex to flattened depressed; surface brownish (6D7) fir ( ) in Italy Comandini O, et al. [13]. From India, towards margin, yellow orange (4A8) in center, irregular, scatteredit has been condition reported in from a pure Kashmir coniferous Abraham, forest et under al. 1993. Cedrus The splitting at maturity, non-straite, sticky when young; involute, deodarapresently on worked humicolous out collection soil during have beensummer found season growing at anin areolate, dry, brown colour appressed fibrillose scales cover entire pileus surface; cuticle half peeling; flesh offwhite, Edibility: unchanging, upto 0.8cm thick; odour farinaceous. Lamellae altitude of (1791m). adnexed, subdistant, unequal, not in series, moderately The mushroom should be considered to be toxic broad (upto 0.3cm broad), yellowish white (3A2), changing; Boa DescriptionE, et al. [16]. of putative Ectomycorrhizae: absent;changes gillto rusty edges brown, smooth, tinges fragile. of yellow Spore colour print on not gill found.edges, Tricholoma aurantium (Schaeff.) Ricken, Die white fragments on gill surface, lamellulae present; forking Blätterpilze with Cedrus deodara (Roxb. ex D. Stipe excentric, 4.0-7.0 cm long and upto 1.2cm broad near Don.) G. Don. apex, 1.5cm at middle, and 1.0cm broad at base, tapering at Morphological characters: both ends and broad in the middle; brownish orange (6C8), brownish (7D7) colour appressed fibrillose scales on surface Mycorrhizal system except at apex; surface areolate and flaring, base offwhite in dichotomously branched to irregularly pinnate with 0-1 color, fluid like substance at surface, basal mycelium white order of ramification, upto 13.0-20mm long; main axes to off-white. at3.0-5.0mm tip, 0.5-0.9mm in diam. in Unramified length and ends 0.1-0.3mm sinous toin constricteddiam; tips between older and young parts and tapering to enlarged 0.5-0.7µmBasidiospores long. 3.7-6.0×3.0-4.5µmBasidia 16.0-25.0×4.5-6.0µm, (Q=1.23), subglobose, clavate, tetrasterigmate,single walled, granular, smooth; basal inamyloid; clamps apiculate,absent; sterigmata apiculus rounded to slightly pointed. Surface of unramified ends 3.0-4.5 µm long; acute type. Cheilocystidia 22.0–29.0 × not smooth, loosely hairy and covered with soil particles, younger mycorrhizae grayish brown to redish gray and apices. Pleurocystidia absent. Gill edge heteromorphous. older dark gray to deep black, mycorrhizae color changes to 4.5–6.5 µm, clavate, clavate to cylindrical having inflated Hymenophoral trama regular. Pileus surface hyphal, notredish visible; brown mantle on bruising hydrophobicity or injury, noabsent, latex rootor any tip other rounded, fluid exuded when injured; mantle not transparent, cortical cells gelatinized (ixocutis) made up of horizontally placed 0.9- straight to tapering, mostly swollen, dark brown to deep 18.0 µm, interwoven, broad septate hypha. Pileus context black, mantle dots present, reddish brown, carbonisation hyphal made up of sub-horizontally placed interwoven, cells. Stipe cuticle hyphal, made up of longitudinally placed Sclerotiaabsent. not Emanating found. hyphae present, not specifically 0.9-19.0µm broad septate hyphae interspersed with celluar distributed, cystidia present. Rhizomorphs not observed. Anatomical characters in cross section: loosely interwoven 6.0-16.0 µm broad septate hyphae. 9.0-16.0µm broad septate hyhae. Clamp connections absent 56.6–65.5µm, differentiated into outer mantle layer and throughout.Context hyphal made up of parallarly running, tightly woven, Mantle thickness

Collection Examined: inner mantle layer. Outer mantle layer 20.9.–35.7µm thick, almost plectenchymatous, with patches of rounded cells Jammu and Kashmir: Kupwara,village Kaur M, et al. Morphoanatomical Characterization of an Ectomycorrhizal Species of Copyright© Kaur M, et al. Tricholoma (Tricholomataceae) from Kashmir Himalaya, India. J Agri Res 2021, 6(1): 000262. 4 Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research

T. aurantium are giving rise to prominent emanating hyphae and cystidia, tightlyrepresenting arranged, type Fampullate, Agerer and not Rambold, gelatinous; et al. (2004-2007).; hyphal cells al. [11]. PutativeT. aurantium ectomycorrhizae have already of been described reported as new record fromAbies Kashmir pindrow Himalaya, India. The ectomycorrhizae 2.0–4.5µm thick in outer mantle layer, smooth, no contents Niazi AR, et Piceaal. [12] with from also Pakistan.collected Thethis Innerpresent mantleinside, septate,layer thick28–46µm, walled (0.7µm),pseudoparenchymatous not constricted speciesputative under ECM Cedrus of this deodara species from have Kashmir been described Himalaya by but (Uhl, did at septa,septa clamps absent; septa as thick as hyphal wall. 1988) with sp. Reshi ZA, et al. [17] Tricholoma aurantium measuringrepresenting 4.5–13.5µm, type K Agerer tangentially and Rambold, and 3–5µm et al. radially. (2004- not describedCedrus deodara field ectomycorrhizae and morphological and Emanating2007).; hyphal hyphae cells 3.0–6.0µm hyaline, thinin diam; walled, longitudinally variable in placed, shape anatomicalof this species characterization have been illustrated of ECM of morphologically and anatomicallywith in detail. in The detail. ECM Presently, of Tricholoma the ectomycorrhizae aurantium are C. absentwoven, throughout. septate with Cystidia normal 14.9–26.8 ends, slightly × 3.7–6.0µm, swellings, arising thick deodara walled upto (0.8 µm), ramified, not constricted, clamps reported as a new record from Kashmir Himalaya. Here is reported as a new host for this species. from outer mantle, the most distinct and often frequent with type 1(Agerer and Rambold, et al. (2004-2007), unramified, clavate to fusiform representing type F Agerer and Rambold, hyphaeet al. (2004-2007), not observed. agranulated, smooth, thick walled upto (0.2µm), septate to aseptate without clamps. Rhizomorphal Longitudinal section: differentiated into outer mantle layer and inner mantle Mantle thickness 56.6–65.5µm, layer. Outer mantle layer 20.9–35.7µm thick, almost toplectenchymatous emanating hyphae with and patches cystidia, of rounded hyphal cells cells representing 2-5µm in diam.,type F smooth,Agerer and no Rambold,contents insideet al. (2004-2007),as no contents giving present rise in case of sporophores hyphal cells. Inner mantle layer 28-46µm, pseudoparenchymatous possessing angular to rounded,rounded cellsangular, representing elliptic to type oval K in Agerer shape and measuring Rambold, 4.5- et 13.5µmal. (2004-2007), tangentially hyphal and cells3-5µm thick, radially. hyaline, Labyrinthine variable havingHartig cells, measuring 19–38.7µm tangentially and 13.5–31.2µm radially,net hyphae rounded, protruding oval towardsto elliptic endodermis in shape. Epidermalaround cortical cells measuring 3–6µm tangentially and 3-5µm radially, angular

17.9–47.7µm tangentially and 3–6µm radially, oval, elliptic to ellipticcylindrical in shape.in shape Tannin and cellsoriented in 1-2 parallarly. rows, measuring Root tip mantle upto 75µm thick, different from rest of the mantle, plectenchymatous with prominent emanating hyphae and cystidia representing type D Agerer and Rambold, et al. Figure 1: Tricholoma pardinum: (A) Carpophores in Colour(2004-2007). reaction with different reagents: FeSO4 groups. (B) Ethanol KOH lamellae. (C) (D) Stipe cuticle Underview of cap with adnexed to notched Melzer’s reagent Cotton (no hyphae closely septate. ECM (Tricholoma aurantium+ Pileus cuticle an ixocutis. bluereaction);: bluish green, Acetic (70%): acid brownish orange, (10%): Cedrus deodara (E) Dichotomously branched ecto- brownish green; : brownish gray, (F) ): Remarks: : (no reaction). positioned. (G) (H) mycorrhizal system. Emanating hyphae proximally Plectenchymatous mantle type ‘F’. given for TricholomaAll the morphological aurantium and internal details of oriented layers of tannin cells. the present worked out taxa are similar to the description Hartig net (hn) between cortex cells of root and parallarly (Schaeff.) by Kuo M, et Kaur M, et al. Morphoanatomical Characterization of an Ectomycorrhizal Species of Copyright© Kaur M, et al. Tricholoma (Tricholomataceae) from Kashmir Himalaya, India. J Agri Res 2021, 6(1): 000262. 5 Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research

Figure 2: ECM root of Tricholoma aurantium+ Cedrus deodara

) Tricholoma aurantium (Schaeff.) Ricken Tricholoma pardinum Mém. de la Soci. d’Émul. de Montb.5: 339, 1873. (Pers.) Quél., toPileus the cuticleregular cellular, turf of ixocutis, 8.3–13.28µm made upbroad, of hyaline, closely spherical septate, cells intermixed with septate, hyaline hyphae, giving rise Synonymy:[Mycobank No.356853; Agaricus myomyces Legitimate] var. Figures pardinus 3 & Pers., 4 Syn. meth. fungor. Tricholoma pardalotum hyaline, encrustated hyphae; context hyphal, made up of Kotl., Ceská Mykologie= spherical9.96–18.26µm cells. broad, Stipe cuticleseptate, hyphal, gelatinized, made irregularly up of 3.2–6.4µm placed, : 346, 1801.= Herink & broad,hyaline, septate, inflated granular, hyphae intermixedlongitudinally with placed broad, hyphae; hyaline Carpophores 3.0-4.5cm21 (1): 5,in 1967. height. Pileus 2.0-3.0cm longitudinally placed hyphae. Clamp connections absent. context hyphal made up of 3.2–9.6µm broad, hyaline, broad, convex, incurved margin when young; umbo absent; Collection Examined: Kulgam, Banimulla surface reddish grey (9B2) with pinkish to violet shade; (2130m), 330 31.554´ N–075000.269E, growing scaly, scales, appressed fibirillose, tiger spotted, cover the unchanging;entire pileus, odor reddish and taste brown mild. (9E4); Pileal velvety; veil appendiculate. dry; margin in groups in ECM association with Pinus regular; cuticle half peeling; flesh up to 0.1cm thick, white, wallichiana in coniferous forest, 18th May, 2013, Nazir Ahmad Malik, PUN 9079. notLamellae grey spotted, up to 0.4 furcate, cm broad, unchanging; adnexed tolamellulae notched, present. distant, and unequal, interveined, white (2A1) with pinkish tinge, Edibility:

Gill edges smooth, fimbriate to wavy near margin. Stipe DistributionIt is anda poisonous Ecology: species (Alder, 1960). excentric, 3.0-3.5cm long, up to 1.0cm broad in middle, up to Tricholoma pardinum 0.3cm broad near base; clavate, slightly tapering downward; Zeitlmayr L, et al. [18] found surface white (15A1), unchanging; scaly, scales fibrillose, off in ectomycorrhizal (ECM) association white; solid; exannulate. with fir, beech and conifers during summer and autumn in South Europe while Lamaison JL, et al. [19] have found this species growing solitary or in groups or fairy rings from apiculate,Basidiospores apiculus 5.81-8.3×4.15-5.81µm, up to 0.83µm long, eccentric.Q=1.4, ellipsoidal, Basidia granular, double walled, thick, non–guttulate, inamyloid; France, Belgium Germany and NorthPinus America.wallichiana In during India, presently this species have been found growing in groups to tetrasterigmate, commonly tetrasterigmate; sterigmata starting summer in coniferous forest of Jammu and Kashmir in putative ECM association with 2.49-25.0-36.52×5.0- 3.32µm long, 8.3µm, hyaline. clavate, Pleurocystidia granular, and thick cheilocystidia walled, bi at an altitude of 2130m. absent. Hymenophoral trama regular. Gill edge sterile.

Kaur M, et al. Morphoanatomical Characterization of an Ectomycorrhizal Species of Copyright© Kaur M, et al. Tricholoma (Tricholomataceae) from Kashmir Himalaya, India. J Agri Res 2021, 6(1): 000262. 6 Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research

Figure 3: Tricholoma pardinum: (A) Carpophores in groups. (B) ECM (Tricholoma pardinum + Pinus wallichiana (C) (D) (E) (F) Under view of cap with adnexed to notched lamellae. ): Dichotomously branched ectomycorrhizal system. Ectomycorrhizae with cottony appearance. T.S. of mantle with Type ‘H’. Hartig net (Hn) between cortex cells of root.

Figure 4: Tricholoma pardinum ECM root of Tricholoma pardinum + Pinuswallichiana

(Pers.) Quél

Description of Putative Ectomycorrhizal root system of Pinus wallichiana with Tricholoma Tricholoma aurantium field ectomycorrhizae and morphological and anatomical pardinum (Pers.) Quél Cedrus deodara in detail. There is no an earlier record of Tricholomacharacterization pardinum of ECM of with Morphological characters: addition to the tricholomas of India. Earlier, Zeitlmayr L, et hydrophobic, dichotomously branched up to 3.0mm long, Tricholoma from India, pardinum hence itin constitutes ECM association a new Ectomycorrhizal system al. [18] reported Pinus wallichiana ectomycorrhizea small to large in numbers, clusters, coralloid; with fir and beech but presently it has been found in having silverymain axis appearance, 2.0mm diameter;glabrous, mantle Unramified transparency ends 1.0-1.5mm opaque; putative ECM association with . Abraham diameter, bent, sineous with pointed tips, reddish brown with and Kaul (1985) listed 175 taxa of agarics from the Kashmir does not consist debris of soil particles. Emanating hyphae of which 53 were found to form ectomycorrhizal associations cortex cells are not visible; appearance dense cottony. It with tree species. Watling and Abraham (1992) reported 77 Anatomical characters: Mantle is plectenchymatous, ECM taxa from Kashmir forests. Beig MA, et al. [3] reported present. Rhizomorphs frequently present. Sclerotia absent. 24 ectomycorrhizal species during describing mycorrhizal Pseudoplectenchymatous net of coarse and irregularly biodiversity of Kashmir Himalayas. Pande (2004) described shapedType ‘H’. hyphae Mantle at an 155.42–204.5µm angle of 1200 thick, non-gelatinized, 98 ectomycorrhizalPinus wallichiana species and Cedrus from deodara western. Himalaya out of which 55 species were found in ectomycorrhizal association . Hartig net extending deep withConclusion rarelyup to manypresent. layers of cortex. Cystidia not seen. Emanating Chemicalhyphae, 3.2–4.8µm reactions: broad, Potassium septate, hydroxide narrow, : thick The walled,mantle The present study disclosed that coniferous forests

Melzer’s Reagent Reagent.becomes a dull brown. of Kashmir Himalaya, constitutes several ectomycorrhizal Sulfovanillin : There is a little reactivity with Melzer’s differentagaric taxa. seasons. The diverse The present forests study of Kashmirstresses the Himalaya need for need the roots. to be intensively surveyed for agaric taxa springing during Remarks: : ECM becomes reddish-brown with sulfovanillin expect the oldest vast and specialized exploration of these forests which could given for TricholomaAll the morphological pardinum and internal details of the clearly lead to the detection of many new and unnoticed present worked out collection are similar to the description ectomycorrhizalAcknowledgements agaric taxa from this diverse region. (Pers.) Quél. By Bas et al. (1999); Arora (1986). This collection is characterized by reddish grey (9B2) with pinkish to violet shade cap having Department of Botany, Punjabi University Patiala for help in reddish brown (9E4) tiger spotted scales covering the entire The author’s are highly thankful to the Head pileus, white unchanging flesh, notched lamellae, interveined and are not spotted grey. Although present specimen shows identification of ECM species. The Ministry of Social Justice variation in the basidispore size which is 7-9.5(10)×5-6.5(7) and Empowerment, Govt of India for providing financial µm in the literature while it isT. pardinum 5.81- 8.3 ×as 4.15-5.81µm given by Bas inet assistance under the scheme of “National Fellowship for presently examined specimen but its all other characters PersonsReferences with Disabilities” (NFPwD) as SRF fellow. matches and fits well with the al. (1999); Arora (1986) in their description. It has also been 1. founded from southwestern Turkey Solak MH, et al. [20], China Deng H, et al. [21] and Japan Miyauchi S, et al. [22]. Rodgers WA, Panwar SH (1988) Biogeographical 2. classification of India. New Forest, Dehra Dun, India. ThisDiscussion species is first time recorded from India. Watling R, Gregory NM (1980) Larger fungi of Kashmir. Carpophores and their ECM root surveys carried 3. Nova Hedwigia Z Kryptogamenkd 32: 473-563.

Tricholoma aurantium Cedrus deodara and Beig MA, Dar GH, Ganai NA, Khan NA (2008) Mycorrhizal out during the present study resulted in identification of Tricholoma pardinum Pinus wallichiana. Previously, 26-30.biodiversity in Kashmir forests and some new records the putative ECM of associatedTricholoma with aurantium have been of macrofungi from J&K State. Applied Biol Res 10(1-2): with Picea species. Hence 4. Cedrus deodara macrofungi in Kashmir forests-1. Indian J 32: 119-121. described by Uhl M, et al. [23] with Cedrus Dar GH, Beig MA, Ganai NA (2009) Biodiversity of deodara from Kashmir is reported Himalaya as a but new they host did for not this described species. 5. Itoo ZA, et al. [17] collected this species under Kirk PM, Ainsworth GC, Cannon PF, Minter DW (2008) Kaur M, et al. Morphoanatomical Characterization of an Ectomycorrhizal Species of Copyright© Kaur M, et al. Tricholoma (Tricholomataceae) from Kashmir Himalaya, India. J Agri Res 2021, 6(1): 000262. 8 Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research

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