The Mycophile 61.4 July/August 2021
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Gasteromycetes) of Alberta and Northwest Montana
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1975 A preliminary study of the flora and taxonomy of the order Lycoperdales (Gasteromycetes) of Alberta and northwest Montana William Blain Askew The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Askew, William Blain, "A preliminary study of the flora and taxonomy of the order Lycoperdales (Gasteromycetes) of Alberta and northwest Montana" (1975). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 6854. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6854 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE FLORA AND TAXONOMY OF THE ORDER LYCOPERDALES (GASTEROMYCETES) OF ALBERTA AND NORTHWEST MONTANA By W. Blain Askew B,Ed., B.Sc,, University of Calgary, 1967, 1969* Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1975 Approved 'by: Chairman, Board of Examiners ■ /Y, / £ 2 £ Date / UMI Number: EP37655 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. -
Molecular Phylogenetic Studies in the Genus Amanita
1170 Molecular phylogenetic studies in the genus Amanita I5ichael Weiß, Zhu-Liang Yang, and Franz Oberwinkler Abstracl A group of 49 Amanita species that had been thoroughly examined morphologically and amtomically was analyzed by DNA sequence compadson to estimate natural groups and phylogenetic rclationships within the genus. Nuclear DNA sequences coding for a part of the ribosomal large subunit were determined and evaluated using neighbor-joining with bootstrap analysis, parsimony analysis, conditional clustering, and maximum likelihood methods, Sections Amanita, Caesarea, Vaginatae, Validae, Phalloideae, and Amidella were substantially confirmed as monophyletic groups, while the monophyly of section Lepidell.t remained unclear. Branching topologies between and within sections could also pafiially be derived. Stbgenera Amanita an'd Lepidella were not supported. The Mappae group was included in section Validae. Grouping hypotheses obtained by DNA analyses are discussed in relation to the distribution of morphological and anatomical chamcters in the studied species. Key words: fungi, basidiomycetes phylogeny, Agarrcales, Amanita systematics, large subunit rDNA, 28S. R6sum6 : A partir d'un groupe de 49 esp,ces d'Amanita prdalablement examinees morphologiquement et anatomiquement, les auteurs ont utilisd la comparaison des s€quences d'ADN pour ddfinir les groupes naturels et les relations phylog6ndtiques de ce genre. Les sdquences de I'ADN nucl6aire codant pour une partie de la grande sous-unit6 ribosomale ont 6t6 ddterminEes et €valu6es en utilisant l'analyse par liaison en lacet avec le voisin (neighbor-joining with bootstrap), l'analyse en parcimonie, le rcgroupement conditionnel et les m€thodes de ressemblance maximale. Les rdsultats confirment substantiellement les sections Afiarira, Caesarea, Uaqinatae, Ualidae, Phalloideae et Amidella, comme groupes monophyldtiques, alors que la monophylie de la section Lepidella demerxe obscure. -
Appendix K. Survey and Manage Species Persistence Evaluation
Appendix K. Survey and Manage Species Persistence Evaluation Establishment of the 95-foot wide construction corridor and TEWAs would likely remove individuals of H. caeruleus and modify microclimate conditions around individuals that are not removed. The removal of forests and host trees and disturbance to soil could negatively affect H. caeruleus in adjacent areas by removing its habitat, disturbing the roots of host trees, and affecting its mycorrhizal association with the trees, potentially affecting site persistence. Restored portions of the corridor and TEWAs would be dominated by early seral vegetation for approximately 30 years, which would result in long-term changes to habitat conditions. A 30-foot wide portion of the corridor would be maintained in low-growing vegetation for pipeline maintenance and would not provide habitat for the species during the life of the project. Hygrophorus caeruleus is not likely to persist at one of the sites in the project area because of the extent of impacts and the proximity of the recorded observation to the corridor. Hygrophorus caeruleus is likely to persist at the remaining three sites in the project area (MP 168.8 and MP 172.4 (north), and MP 172.5-172.7) because the majority of observations within the sites are more than 90 feet from the corridor, where direct effects are not anticipated and indirect effects are unlikely. The site at MP 168.8 is in a forested area on an east-facing slope, and a paved road occurs through the southeast part of the site. Four out of five observations are more than 90 feet southwest of the corridor and are not likely to be directly or indirectly affected by the PCGP Project based on the distance from the corridor, extent of forests surrounding the observations, and proximity to an existing open corridor (the road), indicating the species is likely resilient to edge- related effects at the site. -
Major Clades of Agaricales: a Multilocus Phylogenetic Overview
Mycologia, 98(6), 2006, pp. 982–995. # 2006 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Major clades of Agaricales: a multilocus phylogenetic overview P. Brandon Matheny1 Duur K. Aanen Judd M. Curtis Laboratory of Genetics, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD, Biology Department, Clark University, 950 Main Street, Wageningen, The Netherlands Worcester, Massachusetts, 01610 Matthew DeNitis Vale´rie Hofstetter 127 Harrington Way, Worcester, Massachusetts 01604 Department of Biology, Box 90338, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 Graciela M. Daniele Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologı´a Vegetal, M. Catherine Aime CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Co´rdoba, Casilla USDA-ARS, Systematic Botany and Mycology de Correo 495, 5000 Co´rdoba, Argentina Laboratory, Room 304, Building 011A, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350 Dennis E. Desjardin Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, Jean-Marc Moncalvo San Francisco, California 94132 Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Royal Ontario Museum and Department of Botany, University Bradley R. Kropp of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2C6 Canada Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322 Zai-Wei Ge Zhu-Liang Yang Lorelei L. Norvell Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Pacific Northwest Mycology Service, 6720 NW Skyline Sciences, Kunming 650204, P.R. China Boulevard, Portland, Oregon 97229-1309 Jason C. Slot Andrew Parker Biology Department, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 127 Raven Way, Metaline Falls, Washington 99153- Worcester, Massachusetts, 01609 9720 Joseph F. Ammirati Else C. Vellinga University of Washington, Biology Department, Box Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 111 355325, Seattle, Washington 98195 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102 Timothy J. -
Candy Cap Odor – the Mystery Solved by D
The Mycological Society of San Francisco • Feb. 2016, vol. 67:06 Table of Contents FEBRUARY 16 General Meeting Speaker Mushroom of the Month by K. Litchfield 1 President Post by B. Wenck-Reilly 2 Stefan Catona California State Mushroom by J. Shay 2 ’Shrooms in San Diego?!? by Eric Multhaup 5 Sweating the Small Stuff by D. Arora & W. So 6 Culinary Corner by H. Lunan 7 Candy Cap Odor – The Mystery Solved by D. Deshazer 8 Academic Quadrant by J. Shay 9 FF Postscript: An Unsung Hero by C. Hellums 12 Announcements / Events 13 Cultivation Quarters by K. Litchfield 14 Mushroom Sightings 16 Calendar & Hospitality 17 Armillaria gallica: An Exe Island Odyssey Colonies of the species Armillaria gallica— a “honey Mushroom of the Month: mushroom”—are among the largest and oldest organ- Candy Cap: Lactarius rubidus and rufulus isms on the planet. Arising from a single mating event by Ken Litchfield between two haploid mycelia, individuals of this spe- cies extend vast networks of mycelial cords, called “rhi- Northern California is blessed with the candy cap mush- zomorphs”, across the forest floor, opportunistically room, an endemic fungal treat not found in the rest of the country. infecting hardwood tree root systems. This sweet little copper-top mushroom is packed with an extraordi- Armillaria species have caused billions of dollars in nary flavoring agent most folks find indistinguishable from maple losses to the lumber industry, yet little is known about syrup, but without all the high overhead tree tapping and sap boil- the growth dynamics of these fungi because of the cryptic nature of mycelium, which is hidden in the soil ing required to make the syrup in nonlocal New England. -
(63) Continuation Inspart of Application No. PCT RE"SE SEN"I", "ES"E"NE
US 2010.0086647A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0086647 A1 Kristiansen (43) Pub. Date: Apr. 8, 2010 (54) FEED OR FOOD PRODUCTS COMPRISING filed on Jan. 25, 2006, provisional application No. FUNGALMATERAL 60/690,496, filed on Jun. 15, 2005. (75) Inventor: Bjorn Kristiansen, Frederikstad (30) Foreign Application Priority Data (NO) May 13, 2005 (DK) ........................... PA 2005 00710 Correspondence Address: Jun. 15, 2005 (DK). ... PA 2005 OO88O BROWDY AND NEIMARK, P.L.L.C. Jul. 15, 2005 (DK) ....................... PCTFDKO5/OO498 624 NINTH STREET, NW Jan. 25, 2006 (DK)........................... PA 2006 OO117 SUTE 300 WASHINGTON, DC 20001-5303 (US) Publication Classification 51) Int. Cl. (73)73) AssigneeA : MEDMUSHAS(DK) s HORSHOLM ( A2.3L I/28 (2006.01) A23K L/18 (2006.01) (21) Appl. No.: 11/914,318 A23K L/6 (2006.01) CI2P 19/04 (2006.01) (22) PCT Filed: May 11, 2006 AOIK 6L/00 (2006.01) (86). PCT NO. PCT/DKO6/OO2S3 (52) U.S. Cl. ................................ 426/62: 426/2: 119/230 S371 (c)(1) (57) ABSTRACT (2), (4) Date: Dec. 1, 2009 The present invention relates to feed and food compositions comprising material obtained by fermenting fungi of the Related U.S. Application Data Basidiomycetes family in a liquid medium. Interestingly, (63) DK2005/000498,continuation inspart filed onof Jul.application 15, 2005. No. PCT enhanceRE"SE Survival SEN"I",and/or support "ES"E"NE growth of normal, healthy (60) Provisional application No. 60/690,496, filed on Jun. animals. Furthermore, the compounds may modulate the 15, 2005, provisional application No. -
Field Guide to Common Macrofungi in Eastern Forests and Their Ecosystem Functions
United States Department of Field Guide to Agriculture Common Macrofungi Forest Service in Eastern Forests Northern Research Station and Their Ecosystem General Technical Report NRS-79 Functions Michael E. Ostry Neil A. Anderson Joseph G. O’Brien Cover Photos Front: Morel, Morchella esculenta. Photo by Neil A. Anderson, University of Minnesota. Back: Bear’s Head Tooth, Hericium coralloides. Photo by Michael E. Ostry, U.S. Forest Service. The Authors MICHAEL E. OSTRY, research plant pathologist, U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, St. Paul, MN NEIL A. ANDERSON, professor emeritus, University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Pathology, St. Paul, MN JOSEPH G. O’BRIEN, plant pathologist, U.S. Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, St. Paul, MN Manuscript received for publication 23 April 2010 Published by: For additional copies: U.S. FOREST SERVICE U.S. Forest Service 11 CAMPUS BLVD SUITE 200 Publications Distribution NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 19073 359 Main Road Delaware, OH 43015-8640 April 2011 Fax: (740)368-0152 Visit our homepage at: http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ CONTENTS Introduction: About this Guide 1 Mushroom Basics 2 Aspen-Birch Ecosystem Mycorrhizal On the ground associated with tree roots Fly Agaric Amanita muscaria 8 Destroying Angel Amanita virosa, A. verna, A. bisporigera 9 The Omnipresent Laccaria Laccaria bicolor 10 Aspen Bolete Leccinum aurantiacum, L. insigne 11 Birch Bolete Leccinum scabrum 12 Saprophytic Litter and Wood Decay On wood Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus populinus (P. ostreatus) 13 Artist’s Conk Ganoderma applanatum -
Biodiverse Master
Montane, Heath and Bog Habitats MONTANE, HEATH AND BOG HABITATS CONTENTS Montane, heath and bog introduction . 66 Opportunities for action in the Cairngorms . 66 The main montane, heath and bog biodiversity issues . 68 Main threats to UK montane, heath and bog Priority species in the Cairngorms . 72 UK Priority species and Locally important species accounts . 73 Cairngorms montane, heath and bog habitat accounts: • Montane . 84 • Upland heath . 87 • Blanket bog . 97 • Raised bog . 99 ‘Key’ Cairngorms montane, heath and bog species . 100 65 The Cairngorms Local Biodiversity Action Plan MONTANE, HEATH AND BOG INTRODUCTION Around one third of the Cairngorms Partnership area is over 600-650m above sea level (above the natural woodland line, although this is variable from place to place.). This comprises the largest and highest area of montane habitat in Britain, much of which is in a relatively pristine condition. It contains the main summits and plateaux with their associated corries, rocky cliffs, crags, boulder fields, scree slopes and the higher parts of some glens and passes. The vegeta- tion is influenced by factors such as exposure, snow cover and soil type. The main zone is considered to be one of the most spectacular mountain areas in Britain and is recognised nationally and internationally for the quality of its geology, geomorphology and topographic features, and associated soils and biodiversity. c14.5% of the Cairngorms Partnership area (75,000ha) is land above 600m asl. Upland heathland is the most extensive habitat type in the Cairngorms Partnership area, covering c41% of the area, frequently in mosaics with blanket bog. -
Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic and Nickel in Wild Edible Mushrooms
THE FINNISH ENVIRONMENT 17 | 2006 ENVIRONMENTALYMPÄRISTÖN- Cadmium, lead, arsenic PROTECTIONSUOJELU and nickel in wild edible mushrooms Riina Pelkonen, Georg Alfthan and Olli Järvinen THE FINNISH ENVIRONMENT 17/2006 Cadmium, lead, arsenic and nickel in wild edible mushrooms Riina Pelkonen, Georg Alfthan and Olli Järvinen Helsinki 2006 Finnish Environment Institute THE FINNISH ENVIRONMENT 17 | 2006 Suomen ympäristökeskus Laboratorio Taitto: Callide/Terttu Halme Kansikuva(t): Riina Pelkonen Sisäsivujen kuvat: Figures 1 - 4: Copyright: Geologian tutkimuskeskus 1996 Figure 5: Suomen ympäristökeskus Julkaisu on saatavana myös internetistä: www.ymparisto.fi /julkaisut Edita Print Oy, Helsinki 2006 ISBN 952-11-2274-9 (nid.) ISBN 952-11-2275-7 (PDF) ISSN 1238-7312 (pain.) ISSN 1796-1637 (verkkoj.) PREFACE In Finland wild-growing products such as mushrooms and berries grow in abundance in forests and are traditionally used as a source of food by the Finns. Although the majority of edible mushrooms growing in Finnish forests are not consumed, picking mushrooms is a common activity for a large part of the population. Fungi are widely recognised to have a good nutritional value and in the recent years younger gener- ations in particular seem to have taken a culinary interest in mushrooms. As mushrooms may be freely picked and consumed there is no monitoring sys- tem to control the amounts of trace elements that enter the human body from the consumption of fungi. In Finland the levels of trace elements in fungi have not been extensively researched apart from the studies carried out in the turn of the 1970s and 1980s (Hinneri 1975, Laaksovirta & Alakuijala 1978, Laaksovirta & Lodenius 1979, Kuusi et al. -
Forest Fungi in Ireland
FOREST FUNGI IN IRELAND PAUL DOWDING and LOUIS SMITH COFORD, National Council for Forest Research and Development Arena House Arena Road Sandyford Dublin 18 Ireland Tel: + 353 1 2130725 Fax: + 353 1 2130611 © COFORD 2008 First published in 2008 by COFORD, National Council for Forest Research and Development, Dublin, Ireland. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying recording or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from COFORD. All photographs and illustrations are the copyright of the authors unless otherwise indicated. ISBN 1 902696 62 X Title: Forest fungi in Ireland. Authors: Paul Dowding and Louis Smith Citation: Dowding, P. and Smith, L. 2008. Forest fungi in Ireland. COFORD, Dublin. The views and opinions expressed in this publication belong to the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect those of COFORD. i CONTENTS Foreword..................................................................................................................v Réamhfhocal...........................................................................................................vi Preface ....................................................................................................................vii Réamhrá................................................................................................................viii Acknowledgements...............................................................................................ix -
Antibacterial Activities of Clitocybe Nuda Extract on Foodborne Pathogens
Antibacterial activities of Clitocybe nuda extract on foodborne pathogens by Liang Bo A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Auburn, Alabama August 4, 2012 Keywords: Clitocybe nuda, antibacterial activity, foodborne pathogen Copyright 2012 by Liang Bo Approved by Tung-Shi Huang, Chair, Associate Professor of Poultry Science Jean Weese, Professor of Poultry Science Thomas McCaskey, Professor of Animal Science Abstract The addition of antimicrobial agents to foods is an important approach for controlling foodborne pathogens to improve food safety. Currently, most antimicrobial agents in foods are synthetic compounds. Researchers are looking for natural antimicrobial agents to substitute for synthetic compounds in foods to control microbial growth in foods. Clitocybe nuda is an edible macrofungus which produces a large number of biologically active compounds with antibacterial activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activities of Clitocybe nuda extract on foodborne pathogens and its stability at different temperatures and pHs, and to estimate the molecular weights of some of the antibacterial components of the fungus. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by testing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on four foodborne pathogens: Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7, and Staphylococcus aureus. The stability of the extract was tested at pH 4-10, and temperatures of 4, 72, 100, and 121°C. The growth of pathogens was significantly inhibited by the Clitocybe nuda extract. The MIC50 for Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus are 79.20, 84.51, 105.86, and 143.60 mg/mL, respectively. -
<I>Russula Atroaeruginea</I> and <I>R. Sichuanensis</I> Spp. Nov. from Southwest China
ISSN (print) 0093-4666 © 2013. Mycotaxon, Ltd. ISSN (online) 2154-8889 MYCOTAXON http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/124.173 Volume 124, pp. 173–188 April–June 2013 Russula atroaeruginea and R. sichuanensis spp. nov. from southwest China Guo-Jie Li1,2, Qi Zhao3, Dong Zhao1, Shuang-Fen Yue1,4, Sai-Fei Li1, Hua-An Wen1a* & Xing-Zhong Liu1b* 1State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China 4College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Xisihuanbeilu 105, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China * Correspondence to: a [email protected] b [email protected] Abstract — Two new species of Russula are described from southwestern China based on morphology and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequence analysis. Russula atroaeruginea (sect. Griseinae) is characterized by a glabrous dark-green and radially yellowish tinged pileus, slightly yellowish context, spores ornamented by low warts linked by fine lines, and numerous pileocystidia with crystalline contents blackening in sulfovanillin. Russula sichuanensis, a semi-sequestrate taxon closely related to sect. Laricinae, forms russuloid to secotioid basidiocarps with yellowish to orange sublamellate gleba and large basidiospores with warts linked as ridges. The rDNA ITS-based phylogenetic trees fully support these new species. Key words — taxonomy, Macowanites, Russulales, Russulaceae, Basidiomycota Introduction Russula Pers. is a globally distributed genus of macrofungi with colorful fruit bodies (Bills et al. 1986, Singer 1986, Miller & Buyck 2002, Kirk et al.