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Ramaria Lacteobrunnescens) Funnen För Första Gången I Nordeuropa I En Uppländsk Kalkbarrskog

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Ramaria Lacteobrunnescens) Funnen För Första Gången I Nordeuropa I En Uppländsk Kalkbarrskog Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift Volym 29 · nummer 3 · 2008 Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift inkluderar tidigare: www.svampar.se Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift Sveriges Mykologiska Förening Tidskriften publicerar originalartiklar med svamp- Föreningen verkar för anknytning och med svenskt och nordeuropeiskt - en bättre kännedom om Sveriges svampar och intresse. Tidskriften utkommer med fyra nummer svampars roll i naturen per år och ägs av Sveriges Mykologiska Förening. - skydd av naturen och att svampplockning och annat Instruktioner till författare finns på SMF:s hemsida uppträdande i skog och mark sker under iakttagande www.svampar.se Tidskrift erhålls genom medlem- av gällande lagar skap i SMF. - att kontakter mellan lokala svampföreningar och Detta nummer av Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift svampintresserade i landet underlättas framställs med bidrag från Tore Nathorst-Windahls - att kontakt upprätthålls med mykologiska föreningar minnesfond, Skogsstyrelsen och Naturvårdsverket. i grannländer - en samverkan med mykologisk forskning och veten- Redaktion skap. Redaktör och ansvarig utgivare Mikael Jeppson Medlemskap erhålles genom insättning av medlems- Lilla Håjumsgatan 4, avgiften på föreningens bankgiro 461 35 TROLLHÄTTAN 5388-7733 eller plusgiro 443 92 02-5. 0520-82910 [email protected] Medlemsavgiften för 2009 är: • 250:- för medlemmar bosatta i Sverige Hjalmar Croneborg • 300:- för medlemmar bosatta utanför Sverige Mattsarve Gammelgarn • 125:- (halv avgift) för studerande medlemmar 620 16 LJUGARN bosatta i Sverige (maximalt under 5 år) 018-672557 • 50:- för familjemedlemmar (erhåller ej SMT) [email protected] Subscriptions from abroad are welcome. Payments Jan Nilsson for 2009 (SEK 300.-) can be made to our bank ac- Smeberg 2 count: 450 84 BULLAREN Swedbank AB (publ) 0525-20972 Berga Företag [email protected] Box 22181 SE 250 23 Helsingborg, Sweden Äldre nummer av Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift (inkl. JORDSTJÄRNAN) kan beställas från SMF:s hemsida IBAN: SE92 8000 0848 0601 4010 8838 www.svampar.se eller från föreningens kassör. BIC/SWIFT: SWEDSESS Previous issues of Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift (incl. JORDSTJÄRNAN) can be ordered from www. Sveriges Mykologiska Förening svampar.se Institutionen för växt- och miljövetenskaper Göteborgs Universitet Box 461 405 30 Göteborg www.svampar.se Omslagsbild Ramaria largentii Marr & Stuntz (orangegul fingersvamp). Del av en häxring. Närke, Tysslinge sn, Skvalebergets NR, 2006-09-18, leg., det. & foto L. Söderberg. I detta nummer nr 3 2008 SVAMPPRESENTATION 2 Urnula craterium funnen i Västergötland Alf & Britt Nilsson 5 Två sällsynta hjorttryfflar i hassel- lundar Hans Rydberg 13 Vasshätta (Mycena belliae) i Björka lertag - en liten historia om väntan Jonas Engzell 16 Gräddfingersvamp (Ramaria lacteo- brunnescens) - funnen för första gången i Nordeuropa i en uppländsk kalk- barrskog Tulostoma melanocyclum Johan Nitare (mörk stjälkröksvamp) 26 Svampar i tätortsnära skogar – exempel från Salems kommun Mattias Andersson 33 Presentation av en artrik kalkbarrskog i Närke Lennnart Söderberg 50 Vintertagging (Irpicodon pendulus) kräver gamla tallar - 66 tallar i Gävleborgs län provborrade Anders Delin Tulostoma fimbriatum 67 Dokumentation av rödlistade skogs- (fransig stjälkröksvamp) levande svampar - Rapport om ett inventeringsprojekt för Skogsstyrel- sen 2006 - 2007 Kerstin Bergelin & Arne Ryberg 86 Kalle och hans vänner Mikael Jeppson 93 Rödlistade svampar i östra Skånes sand- marker - en undersökning av Tulostoma-arternas ekologi Sven-Åke Hansson 110 Svampar och klimatförändringar – en studie i fenologi Mattias Andersson BÖCKER 120 Våra bästa Matsvampar Arne Ryberg Tulostoma brumale 120 Bokrecension (stjälkröksvamp) Mikael Jeppson Akvareller av Erhard Ludwig SVENSK MYKOLOGISK TIDSKRIFT 29:3 (2008) 1 SVAMPPRESENTATION Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift 29 (3):2–4, 2008 Urnula craterium funnen i Västergötland ALF & BRITT NILSSON Abstract Urnula craterium found in the province of Västergötland (S. Sweden). A finding of the rare and red-listed ascomycete Urnula craterium in a nature reserve in the province of Västergötland (S. Sweden) is reported. The fungus appeared in a deciduous woodland habitat (Corylus avellana, Acer platanoides, Prunus padus, Quercus robur and Alnus glutinosa) close to a stream. The related species U. hiemalis was previously known from a meadow habitat in the same area. Photos of the two species are provided and their habitats in the reserve are discussed. Inledning Lokalen Den 5 april 2008 besökte vi Mölarpsö strax Naturreservatet Mölarpsö omges på bägge sidor norr om Borås för att försöka få bilder på av Viskan som här har en strid ström med flera Microstroma protracta (tulpanskål) som vi tidi- forsar. På 1899-års karta är området angivet som gare funnit på denna lokal. Vi sökte efter svam- lövskog (Hultengren & Stenström 1987). Längs pen längs åkanten. Hade det inte varit för att stränderna finns idag delvis lundartad lövskog vi så intensivt sökte av marken hade vi säkert och längst i norr finns en artrik lövskog med lätt kunnat förbise de två svarta fruktkropparna t. ex. klibbal, björk, knäckepil, ask, alm, hägg, av rökpipsvamp (Urnula craterium) som växte hassel och rönn. På marken i lövskogen växer sällskapligt 3–4 meter från vatttnet. främst rikligt med skogsbingel och storrams och Nedan presenterar vi fyndet och ger en beskriv- under hassel vid stranden finns blåsippa och ning av fruktkropparna. vätteros. I övrigt utgörs området av en flack slåt- teräng, som är i det närmaste trädfri. Hamlade Beskrivning askar, enstaka enbuskar, getaplar och hassel Urnula craterium (Schw. :Fr.) Fr. (rökpipsvamp) förekommer. Fungan är imponerande med flera – fig. 1. rödlistade arter främst inom släktena Hygrocybe Västergötland, Borås kommun, Mölarpsö (hagvaxingar) och Entoloma (rödlingar) (muntl. NR, 2008-04-05, på marken i fuktig lund- Roger Pihl). På denna slåtteräng fann Roger i miljö bland hassel, ask, lönn, hägg, ek och al. februari 1998 Urnula hiemalis Nannf. (vinter- Leg. Alf & Britt Nilsson 0805, conf. Karen skål, fig. 2; herb. R. Pihl), en art som han sedan Hansen. Herbariematerial har överlämnats till återfunnit varje vårvinter när väderleken varit Naturhistoriska riksmuséet i Stockholm (S). gynnsam. Bland kärlväxterna i naturreservatet kan nämnas backsippa, brudbröd, gullviva och Skål: diameter 4,5 cm, höjd 3 cm; hymenium klasefibbla. I den nordöstra delen av området, svart, utsida svartbrun och fint luden, kanten ett par meter från där Viskan flyter fram i en naggad, kött vitt. strid ström, fann vi i april 2008 två fruktkrop- Fot: av skålens färg, höjd 3 cm, bredd uppåt 1 par av en skålsvamp som senare visade sig vara cm, avsmalnande nedåt till 0,5 cm. Urnula craterium. En grov hasselbukett växte i Sporer: hyalina, släta, ellipsoida 30–32×14–16 svampens omedelbara närhet. Inom en radie av µm. tio meter växte också ask, lönn, hägg, ek och al. I åtgärdsprogrammet för rökpipsvamp (Rydberg 2 SVENSK MYKOLOGISK TIDSKRIFT 29:3 (2008) SVAMPPRESENTATION 2008) skriver författaren att granen spelar en giga och frodiga miljöer. Den finns dels i rena viktig roll som skuggare och dämpare av solin- lövlundar, dels i lundartade partier insprängda i strålning i rökpipsvampens miljö. Vattendrag örtrik barrskog (Larsson 1997). Ibland uppträder nära fyndplatsen förekommer på åtskilliga loka- svampen i ett stadium med konidier. Den syns ler. Vattendraget har svampen på vår lokal, men då som halvcentimeterstora brunaktiga kulor den får klara sig utan gran eftersom barrträd helt direkt på veden (Rydberg 2008). Konidiestadiet saknas på platsen. har ännu inte observerats i Sverige. I dag är rökpipsvampen känd från 28 lokaler Släktet Urnula (vinterskålar) i Sverige i landet. Den har en östlig utbredning och Släktet Urnula tillhör familjen Sarcosomataceae huvuddelen av lokalerna finns i Uppland och i ordningen Pezizales. Släktet har två arter i Västmanland. Utöver detta finns spridda lokaler Sverige, Urnula hiemalis (vinterskål) och U. längs kusten från norra Småland till Medelpad. craterium (rökpipsvamp). Båda arterna frukti- Fynd har också rapporterats från Närke och fierar på våren. Fruktkropparna är stora, mörkt Dalsland (Rydberg 2008). Arten har inte tidi- bruna till svarta med mörk, finluden utsida. gare påträffats i Västergötland. De växer på begravd ved eller på marken. Båda Urnula-artena är sällsynta. U. craterium Åtgärdsprogram för rökpipsvamp är rödlistad i Sverige och bedöms som starkt Hans Rydberg har på Naturvårdsverkets upp- hotad (EN) främst beroende på att populationen drag upprättat ett åtgärdsprogram för bevarande är liten och att beståndet dessutom minskar. av rökpipsvamp. Vid SMF:s årsmöte 2008 i Beskrivning av båda arterna finns i Nordic Göteborg höll han ett föredrag där han bland Macromycetes 1 (Knudsen & Hansen 1990) och annat berättade om rökpipsvampen och åtgärds- i Ryman & Holmåsen (1984). programmet. Syftet med detta åtgärdsprogram är att förbättra bevarandearbetet och utöka kun- Urnula craterium i Sverige skapen om arten. Åtgärder som föreslås är Rökpipsvampen växer på nedfallna, ofta till hälf- inventering, skydds- och skötselåtgärder samt ten begravda grenar av lövträd, särskilt hassel, i försök med utplantering. Av programmet fram- bäckraviner, vid bergrötter och liknande skug- går att det krävs att hasselbuskarna ständigt pro- ducerar död ved om rökpipsvampen skall kunna fortleva. I de fall svampen förekom- mer i naturreservat måste det särskilt framhållas i skötselplanen att nedfallna lövträdsgrenar, hasselbestånd och skug- gande träd skall sparas vid en eventuell
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