Strumella Canker

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Forest Health Protection, Southern Region STRUMELLA CANKER, caused by Strumella coryneoidea Importance. - Strumella canker is less common in the southern Appalachians than in the Northeast. Its most common hosts are members of the white oak group; however, beech, basswood, blackgum, and shagbark hickory are occasionally affected. Identifying the Fungus. - The fungus produces dark brown, cushion-like structures,about 1/20 to 1/10 inches (1to3mm) in diameter, on dead bark and surrounding tissue. Urnula craterium has been described as the perfect or sexual stage of the fungus causing strumella canker. The urnula fruiting body is cup-shaped and grows on infected branches and stems that have fallen to the ground. Identifying the Injury. - Strumella cankers are of two types; diffuse and the more common target shape. Diffuse cankers develop on smooth-barked saplings and rapidly girdle and kill the trees. Targetshaped cankers are more common and are formed by the alternation of cambium killed by the fungus around the canker perimeter and then the formation of a callus ridge by the host. Cankers can reach several feet in length. Oak killed by strumella canker. Biology. - As with many canker diseases, the fungus usually enters the tree through a branch stub. The remnants of this stub can be seen at the canker center. Frequently, diseased trees bear multiple cankers. Control. - There is no control for this disease under forest conditions. However, cankered trees should be removed during sanitation or commercial thinning operations. Severely diseased trees in recreation areas should be removed for safety..

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Museum, University of Bergen, Norway for Accepting The
PERSOONIA Published by the Rijksherbarium, Leiden Volume Part 6, 4, pp. 439-443 (1972) The Suboperculate ascus—a review Finn-Egil Eckblad Botanical Museum, University of Bergen, Norway The suboperculate nature of the asci of the Sarcoscyphaceae is discussed, that it does in its and further and it is concluded not exist original sense, that the Sarcoscyphaceae is not closely related to the Sclerotiniaceae. The question of the precise nature ofthe ascus in the Sarcoscyphaceae is important in connection with the of the the The treatment taxonomy of Discomycetes. family has been established the Sarcoscyphaceae as a highranking taxon, Suboperculati, by Le Gal (1946b, 1999), on the basis of its asci being suboperculate. Furthermore, the Suboperculati has beenregarded as intermediatebetween the rest of the Operculati, The Pezizales, and the Inoperculati, especially the order Helotiales, and its family Sclerotiniaceae (Le Gal, 1993). Recent views on the taxonomie position of the Sarcoscyphaceae are given by Rifai ( 1968 ), Eckblad ( ig68 ), Arpin (ig68 ), Kim- brough (1970) and Korf (igyi). The Suboperculati were regarded by Le Gal (1946a, b) as intermediates because had both the beneath they operculum of the Operculati, and in addition, it, some- ofthe of the In the the thing pore structure Inoperculati. Suboperculati pore struc- to ture is said take the form of an apical chamberwith an internal, often incomplete within Note this ring-like structure it. that in case the spores on discharge have to travers a double hindrance, the internal ring and the circular opening, and that the diameters of these obstacles are both smaller than the smallest diameterof the spores.
[Show full text]
Chorioactidaceae: a New Family in the Pezizales (Ascomycota) with Four Genera
mycological research 112 (2008) 513–527 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycres Chorioactidaceae: a new family in the Pezizales (Ascomycota) with four genera Donald H. PFISTER*, Caroline SLATER, Karen HANSENy Harvard University Herbaria – Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA article info abstract Article history: Molecular phylogenetic and comparative morphological studies provide evidence for the Received 15 June 2007 recognition of a new family, Chorioactidaceae, in the Pezizales. Four genera are placed in Received in revised form the family: Chorioactis, Desmazierella, Neournula, and Wolﬁna. Based on parsimony, like- 1 November 2007 lihood, and Bayesian analyses of LSU, SSU, and RPB2 sequence data, Chorioactidaceae repre- Accepted 29 November 2007 sents a sister clade to the Sarcosomataceae, to which some of these taxa were previously Corresponding Editor: referred. Morphologically these genera are similar in pigmentation, excipular construction, H. Thorsten Lumbsch and asci, which mostly have terminal opercula and rounded, sometimes forked, bases without croziers. Ascospores have cyanophilic walls or cyanophilic surface ornamentation Keywords: in the form of ridges or warts. So far as is known the ascospores and the cells of the LSU paraphyses of all species are multinucleate. The six species recognized in these four genera RPB2 all have limited geographical distributions in the northern hemisphere. Sarcoscyphaceae ª 2007 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Sarcosomataceae SSU Introduction indicated a relationship of these taxa to the Sarcosomataceae and discussed the group as the Chorioactis clade. Only six spe- The Pezizales, operculate cup-fungi, have been put on rela- cies are assigned to these genera, most of which are infre- tively stable phylogenetic footing as summarized by Hansen quently collected.
[Show full text]
(With (Otidiaceae). Annellospores, The
PERSOONIA Published by the Rijksherbarium, Leiden Volume Part 6, 4, pp. 405-414 (1972) Imperfect states and the taxonomy of the Pezizales J.W. Paden Department of Biology, University of Victoria Victoria, B. C., Canada (With Plates 20-22) Certainly only a relatively few species of the Pezizales have been studied in culture. I that this will efforts in this direction. hope paper stimulatemore A few patterns are emerging from those species that have been cultured and have produced conidia but more information is needed. Botryoblasto- and found in cultures of spores ( Oedocephalum Ostracoderma) are frequently Peziza and Iodophanus (Pezizaceae). Aleurospores are known in Peziza but also in other like known in genera. Botrytis- imperfect states are Trichophaea (Otidiaceae). Sympodulosporous imperfect states are known in several families (Sarcoscyphaceae, Sarcosomataceae, Aleuriaceae, Morchellaceae) embracing both suborders. Conoplea is definitely tied in with Urnula and Plectania, Nodulosporium with Geopyxis, and Costantinella with Morchella. Certain types of conidia are not presently known in the Pezizales. Phialo- and few other have spores, porospores, annellospores, blastospores a types not been reported. The absence of phialospores is of special interest since these are common in the Helotiales. The absence of conidia in certain e. Helvellaceae and Theleboleaceae also be of groups, g. may significance, and would aid in delimiting these taxa. At the species level critical com- of taxonomic and parison imperfect states may help clarify problems supplement other data in distinguishing between closely related species. Plectania and of where such Peziza, perhaps Sarcoscypha are examples genera studies valuable. might prove One of the Pezizales in need of in culture large group desparate study are the few of these have been cultured.
[Show full text]
Orbilia Ultrastructure, Character Evolution and Phylogeny of Pezizomycotina
Mycologia, 104(2), 2012, pp. 462–476. DOI: 10.3852/11-213 # 2012 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Orbilia ultrastructure, character evolution and phylogeny of Pezizomycotina T.K. Arun Kumar1 INTRODUCTION Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108 Ascomycota is a monophyletic phylum (Lutzoni et al. 2004, James et al. 2006, Spatafora et al. 2006, Hibbett Rosanne Healy et al. 2007) comprising three subphyla, Taphrinomy- Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, cotina, Saccharomycotina and Pezizomycotina (Su- St Paul, Minnesota 55108 giyama et al. 2006, Hibbett et al. 2007). Taphrinomy- Joseph W. Spatafora cotina, according to the current classification (Hibbett Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon et al. 2007), consists of four classes, Neolectomycetes, State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Pneumocystidiomycetes, Schizosaccharomycetes, Ta- phrinomycetes, and an unplaced genus, Saitoella, Meredith Blackwell whose members are ecologically and morphologically Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 highly diverse (Sugiyama et al. 2006). Soil Clone Group 1, poorly known from geographically wide- David J. McLaughlin spread environmental samples and a single culture, Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, was suggested as a fourth subphylum (Porter et al. St Paul, Minnesota 55108 2008). More recently however the group has been described as a new class of Taphrinomycotina, Archae- orhizomycetes (Rosling et al. 2011), based primarily on Abstract: Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate information from rRNA sequences. The mode of that the monophyletic classes Orbiliomycetes and sexual reproduction in Taphrinomycotina is ascogen- Pezizomycetes are among the earliest diverging ous without the formation of ascogenous hyphae, and branches of Pezizomycotina, the largest subphylum except for the enigmatic, apothecium-producing of the Ascomycota.
[Show full text]
Spor E Pr I N Ts
SPOR E PR I N TS BULLETIN OF THE PUGET SOUND MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY Number 503 June 2014 WOULD A ROSY GOMPHIDIUS BY ANY OTHER NAME SMELL AS SWEET? Rebellion against dual-naming system gains Many fungi are shape-shifters seemingly designed momentum but still faces a few hurdles to defy human efforts at categorization. The same species, sometimes the same individual, can reproduce by Susan Milius two ways: sexually, by mixing genes with a partner of Science News April 18, 2014 the same species, or asexually, by cloning to produce To a visitor walking down, down, down the white genetically identical offspring. cinder block stairwell and through metal doors into the The problem is that reproductive modes can take basement, Building 010A takes on the hushed, mile- entirely different anatomical forms. A species that long-beige-corridor feel of some secret government looks like a miniature corn dog when it is reproducing installation in a blockbuster movie. sexually might look like fuzzy white twigs when it is in Biologist Shannon Dominick wears a striped sweater cloning mode. A gray smudge on a sunflower seed head as she strolls through this Fort Knox of fungus, merrily might just be the asexually reproducing counterpart of discussing certain specimens in the vaults that are a tiny satellite dish-shaped thing. commonly called “dog vomit fungi.” When many of these pairs were discovered, sometimes This basement on the campus of the Agricultural decades apart, sometimes growing right next to each Research Service in Beltsville, Md., holds the second other, it was difficult or impossible to demonstrate that largest fungus collection in the world, with at least one they were the same thing.
[Show full text]
MUSHROOMS of the OTTAWA NATIONAL FOREST Compiled By
MUSHROOMS OF THE OTTAWA NATIONAL FOREST Compiled by Dana L. Richter, School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI for Ottawa National Forest, Ironwood, MI March, 2011 Introduction There are many thousands of fungi in the Ottawa National Forest filling every possible niche imaginable. A remarkable feature of the fungi is that they are ubiquitous! The mushroom is the large spore-producing structure made by certain fungi. Only a relatively small number of all the fungi in the Ottawa forest ecosystem make mushrooms. Some are distinctive and easily identifiable, while others are cryptic and require microscopic and chemical analyses to accurately name. This is a list of some of the most common and obvious mushrooms that can be found in the Ottawa National Forest, including a few that are uncommon or relatively rare. The mushrooms considered here are within the phyla Ascomycetes – the morel and cup fungi, and Basidiomycetes – the toadstool and shelf-like fungi. There are perhaps 2000 to 3000 mushrooms in the Ottawa, and this is simply a guess, since many species have yet to be discovered or named. This number is based on lists of fungi compiled in areas such as the Huron Mountains of northern Michigan (Richter 2008) and in the state of Wisconsin (Parker 2006). The list contains 227 species from several authoritative sources and from the author’s experience teaching, studying and collecting mushrooms in the northern Great Lakes States for the past thirty years. Although comments on edibility of certain species are given, the author neither endorses nor encourages the eating of wild mushrooms except with extreme caution and with the awareness that some mushrooms may cause life-threatening illness or even death.
[Show full text]
Ramaria Lacteobrunnescens) Funnen För Första Gången I Nordeuropa I En Uppländsk Kalkbarrskog
Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift Volym 29 · nummer 3 · 2008 Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift inkluderar tidigare: www.svampar.se Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift Sveriges Mykologiska Förening Tidskriften publicerar originalartiklar med svamp- Föreningen verkar för anknytning och med svenskt och nordeuropeiskt - en bättre kännedom om Sveriges svampar och intresse. Tidskriften utkommer med fyra nummer svampars roll i naturen per år och ägs av Sveriges Mykologiska Förening. - skydd av naturen och att svampplockning och annat Instruktioner till författare finns på SMF:s hemsida uppträdande i skog och mark sker under iakttagande www.svampar.se Tidskrift erhålls genom medlem- av gällande lagar skap i SMF. - att kontakter mellan lokala svampföreningar och Detta nummer av Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift svampintresserade i landet underlättas framställs med bidrag från Tore Nathorst-Windahls - att kontakt upprätthålls med mykologiska föreningar minnesfond, Skogsstyrelsen och Naturvårdsverket. i grannländer - en samverkan med mykologisk forskning och veten- Redaktion skap. Redaktör och ansvarig utgivare Mikael Jeppson Medlemskap erhålles genom insättning av medlems- Lilla Håjumsgatan 4, avgiften på föreningens bankgiro 461 35 TROLLHÄTTAN 5388-7733 eller plusgiro 443 92 02-5. 0520-82910 [email protected] Medlemsavgiften för 2009 är: • 250:- för medlemmar bosatta i Sverige Hjalmar Croneborg • 300:- för medlemmar bosatta utanför Sverige Mattsarve Gammelgarn • 125:- (halv avgift) för studerande medlemmar 620 16 LJUGARN bosatta i Sverige (maximalt under 5 år) 018-672557 • 50:- för familjemedlemmar (erhåller ej SMT) [email protected] Subscriptions from abroad are welcome. Payments Jan Nilsson for 2009 (SEK 300.-) can be made to our bank ac- Smeberg 2 count: 450 84 BULLAREN Swedbank AB (publ) 0525-20972 Berga Företag [email protected] Box 22181 SE 250 23 Helsingborg, Sweden Äldre nummer av Svensk Mykologisk Tidskrift (inkl.
[Show full text]
Ohio Plant Disease Index
Special Circular 128 December 1989 Ohio Plant Disease Index The Ohio State University Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Wooster, Ohio This page intentionally blank. Special Circular 128 December 1989 Ohio Plant Disease Index C. Wayne Ellett Department of Plant Pathology The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio T · H · E OHIO ISJATE ! UNIVERSITY OARilL Kirklyn M. Kerr Director The Ohio State University Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Wooster, Ohio All publications of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center are available to all potential dientele on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, creed, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, sex, age, handicap, or Vietnam-era veteran status. 12-89-750 This page intentionally blank. Foreword The Ohio Plant Disease Index is the first step in develop Prof. Ellett has had considerable experience in the ing an authoritative and comprehensive compilation of plant diagnosis of Ohio plant diseases, and his scholarly approach diseases known to occur in the state of Ohia Prof. C. Wayne in preparing the index received the acclaim and support .of Ellett had worked diligently on the preparation of the first the plant pathology faculty at The Ohio State University. edition of the Ohio Plant Disease Index since his retirement This first edition stands as a remarkable ad substantial con as Professor Emeritus in 1981. The magnitude of the task tribution by Prof. Ellett. The index will serve us well as the is illustrated by the cataloguing of more than 3,600 entries complete reference for Ohio for many years to come. of recorded diseases on approximately 1,230 host or plant species in 124 families.
[Show full text]
AMS Newsletter March 2021
Alabama Mushroom Society Newsletter March 2021 Written and Edited by Alisha Millican and Anthoni Goodman Greetings everyone! We are excited to be seeing some warm days and are greatly anticipating the Spring fungi flush! We are excited to announce that we are officially beginning our monthly forays! Access to these monthly forays are one of the perks we offer to Alabama Mushroom Society members and will therefore only be open to paid members. Our AMS North-Central foray will be the second Saturday every month in the Cullman County area and is weather dependent. If it is raining, it will be cancelled or potentially rescheduled. The location each month will be sent out to registered members via email the night before. Register at (https://alabamamushroomsociety.org/events). Not a member yet? It’s only $20 a year for your whole household Join up here.. We are hoping to get the details for the AMS South Foray here very soon. It will be held on Lake Martin on the first Saturday of each month. Keep an eye on our Events page for information on how to sign up. Trametes lactinea. Photo by Norman Anderson, used with permission. Mushroom of the Month Urnula craterium Early spring is the season of taxonomic order Pezizales, these ascomyces include everything from cup-fungi to morels and even truffles. While morels are on everyone's mind, the mushroom of the month is the far more common Urnula craterium. These are the harbingers of spring and a good indication that morels will be up soon. This species is common across North America (especially East of the Rockies) and certainly abundant here in Alabama.
[Show full text]
Urnula Hiemalis – a Rare and Interesting Species of the Pezizales from Estonia
Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 48: 149–152 (2011) Urnula hiemalis – a rare and interesting species of the Pezizales from Estonia Irma Zettur & Bellis Kullman Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 181 Riia St., 51014, Tartu, Estonia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Urnula hiemalis of the Pezizales is reported for the first time from Estonia. Kokkuvõte: Liudikulaadsete seente haruldane ja huvitav liik tali-urnseen Urnula hiemalis. INTRODUCTION In early spring 2011, after an extremely snowy short, hardly noticeable stipe emerging from winter, we found a 5 cm large black fruit-body the soil. Flesh 1 mm thick, white. Outer surface in a spruce forest (Picea abies) on mossy ground felty, brownish black. Hymenium black, surface among needle litter. The fruit-body appeared velvety. Spores ellipsoid, (20.6–) 23.3 (–27.6) × immature but after growing for some days in a (9.3–) 12.0 (–14.5) μm (n = 25), rather thick- humidity box it developed mature spores, allow- walled, smooth, with several smaller droplets ing for the first time to identifyUrnula hiemalis towards each end (which disappear in lactic Nannf. from Estonia. acid). Spores developing very slowly, towards the ascus tip often obliquely arranged, slightly overlapping. Asci very long, (507–)549(–586) × MATERIALS AND METHODS (11–)12(–13) μm (n = 10), 8-spored, narrowly Freshly collected living material was mounted cylindrical above, ascus apex opening by an in tap water and examined using the Zeiss operculum, gradually tapering towards the base. Axioskop 40 FL microscope, AxioCam MRc Paraphyses long and hyaline, upwards slightly camera and the Axio Vison 1.6 program.
[Show full text]
Bioblitz Results
BioBlitz Results Hills of Gold May 16th and 17th 2015 RESULTS FROM THE 2015 HILLS OF GOLD BIODIVERSITY SURVEY JOHNSON COUNTY, INDIANA Compiled from the Science Team Reports Assembled by Don Ruch (Indiana Academy of Science) Table of Contents Title Page………………………………………………………………………….………… 1 Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………… 2 General Introduction ……..………………………………………………………..……….. 3-4 Maps…………………………………………………………………………………….…... 5-6 History of the Hills of Gold Conservation Area ……………………….……………….….. 7-10 Geology Report – Hills of Gold Conservation Area …………………….……………….… 10-30 Results Title Page …………………………………………………………………………... 31 Bat Team Results ..………………………………….….………………………..…………. 32-34 Beetle Team Results ………………………………………………...……………………… 35-37 Bird Team Results ……………………………………..…………………………………… 38-43 Fish Team Results ……………………………………………………….…………………. 44-45 Freshwater Mussel Team Results …………………………………………………………... 46 Herpetofauna Team Results ……………………………………………............................... 47-52 Mammal Team Results ……………………………………………………………………… 53-54 Moth, Singing Insect, and Non-target Arthropod Species Team Results ………………….. 55-57 Mushroom, Fungi, and Slime Mold Team Results …………………………………………. 58-62 Non-vascular Plants (Bryophyta) Team Results ……………………………………………. 63-66 Snail-killing Flies (Sciomyzidae) Team Results ……………………………………………. 67-68 Spider Team Results ………………………………………………………………………… 69-73 Vascular Plant Team Results …………………………..……………………………………. 74-97 Biodiversity Survey Participants ……………………………………………………………. 98-100 Biodiversity Survey Sponsors
[Show full text]
Monilinia Species of Fruit Decay: a Comparison Between Biological and Epidemiological Data ______Alessandra Di Francesco, Marta Mari
A. Di Francesco, M. Mari Italian Journal of Mycology vol. 47 (2018) ISSN 2531-7342 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2531-7342/7817 Monilinia species of fruit decay: a comparison between biological and epidemiological data ___________________________________________ Alessandra Di Francesco, Marta Mari CRIOF - Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Via Gandolfi, 19, 40057 Cadriano, Bologna, Italy Correspondig Author e-mail: [email protected] Abstract The fungal genus Monilinia Honey includes parasitic species of Rosaceae and Ericaceae. The Monilinia genus shows a great heterogeneity, it is divided in two sections: Junctoriae and Disjunctoriae. These sections were defined by Batra (1991) on the basis of morphology, infection biology, and host specialization. Junctoriae spp. produce mitospore chains without disjunctors, they are parasites of Rosaceae spp.; M. laxa, M. fructicola, M. fructigena and recently M. polystroma, represent the principal species of the section, and they are responsible of economically important diseases of Rosaceae, new species such as M. yunnanensis, and M. mumecola could afflict European fruits in the future in absence of a strict phytosanitary control. The Disjunctoriae section includes species that produce mitospores intercalated by appendages (disjunctors); they parasitize Rosaceae, Ericaceae, and Empetraceae. The principal Disjunctoriae species are M. vaccinii-corymbosi, M. urnula, M. baccarum, M. oxycocci, and M. linhartiana. This study has the aim to underline the importance of Monilinia spp., and to describe their features. Keywords: Monilinia spp; Junctoriae; Disjunctoriae; Prunus; Vaccinium Riassunto Il genere Monilinia Honey include diverse specie che attaccano in particolar modo le piante delle famiglie Rosaceae ed Ericaceae. Monilinia è un genere molto eterogeneo, infatti è suddiviso in due sezioni: Junctoriae e Disjunctoriae.
[Show full text]