Special Circular 128 December 1989 Ohio Plant Disease Index The Ohio State University Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Wooster, Ohio This page intentionally blank. Special Circular 128 December 1989 Ohio Plant Disease Index C. Wayne Ellett Department of Plant Pathology The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio T · H · E OHIO ISJATE ! UNIVERSITY OARilL Kirklyn M. Kerr Director The Ohio State University Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Wooster, Ohio All publications of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center are available to all potential dientele on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, creed, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, sex, age, handicap, or Vietnam-era veteran status. 12-89-750 This page intentionally blank. Foreword The Ohio Plant Disease Index is the first step in develop­ Prof. Ellett has had considerable experience in the ing an authoritative and comprehensive compilation of plant diagnosis of Ohio plant diseases, and his scholarly approach diseases known to occur in the state of Ohia Prof. C. Wayne in preparing the index received the acclaim and support .of Ellett had worked diligently on the preparation of the first the plant pathology faculty at The Ohio State University. edition of the Ohio Plant Disease Index since his retirement This first edition stands as a remarkable ad substantial con­ as Professor Emeritus in 1981. The magnitude of the task tribution by Prof. Ellett. The index will serve us well as the is illustrated by the cataloguing of more than 3,600 entries complete reference for Ohio for many years to come. of recorded diseases on approximately 1,230 host or plant species in 124 families. Prof. Ellett also incoq'.Jorated a Charles R. Curtis, Chairperson valuable historical account of collectors and their collections Department of Plant Pathology to supplement the early plant disease records. June 12, 1989 Acknowledgements Many individuals have provided encouragement and Clinic, and L. E. Williams and C. R. Curtis for review of assistance in the compilation of this index. Without their portions of the index. I would also like to thank F. H. Berry, help an index of this magnitude would have been impossi­ Plant Pathologist (retired), USDA Forest Service ble. It is a pleasure to acknowledge the assistance of the laboratories, Delaware, Ohio, for records of decay fungi faculty of the Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio isolated from tree plots in Ohio and P. H. Kaufman, Plant State University. Special thanks are due to Curt Leben, H. Pathologist, Division of Plant Industry, Ohio Department A J. Hoitink, P. E. Lipps, L. J. Herr, L H. Rhodes, M. A of Agriculture, for disease records from nurseries in Ohio. Ellis, R. C. Rowe, and W. W. Shane for reviewing and pro­ I am greatly indebted to W. W. Shane for his patience viding additional records for certain crop plants. I also thank and the many hours spent on all the computer-related ac­ A F. Schmitthenner for providing his records of Pythium tivities of this endeavor. and Phytophthora species, R Louie for virus records on The following Ohio State University and OARDC per­ the Gramineae, R. M. Reidel for many of the records of sonnel are gratefully acknowledged for their assistance in nematodes, S. T. Nameth for records of viru.ses and mak­ manuscript preparation: Susan K. Harshe, Ramona Powell, ing available reports from the Plant and Pest Diagnostic and Bonnie Bing. .. ~ Table of Contents Introduction . i A Brief Historical Review . i Scientific and Common Names of Host Plants .... ii Names of Pathogens ........................ ii Sources of Entries in this Index . ii References to the Literature Describing the Pathogen or Causal Agent . ii Additional References Helpful for Identification of Fungi Causing Plant Disease . iii Example of an Entry in the Index . iv Abbreviations Used in the Index ............ v Host Plant Index . 1 Addenda ............................. 78 References and Literature Cited . 79 Index to Common Names ................ 82 Index to Scientific Plant Names ............ 88 Index to Pathogens, Except Viruses . 91 Index to Virus and Virus-Like Agents ...... 116 On the Cover: Germinating conidia of the powdery mildew fungus, Erysiphe polygoni. From a photomicrograph. This page intentionally blank. Ohio· Plant Disease Index C. Wayne Ellett1 Introduction pointed assistant Botanist in 1899 at the Ohio Agricultural This annotated index is a compilation of the recorded and Experiment Station reported on many diseases of fruit and reported diseases and their causes of wild and cultivated vegetabie crops and prepared lists of· rust fungi of Ohio plants in Ohio. Each entry includes one or more authorities . plants in the 1890's. A. D. Selby from 1893 to .1923 re­ for listing the disease in Ohio Literature references providing ported on many Ohio plant diseases and as early as 1893 a, description of the pathogen or cause, are included for most published a list of powdery mildews. He received the B. Sc. entries. degree from The Ohio State University in 1893 and taught Publication of the Ohio Plant Disease Index does not botany at Co.lumbus High School before joining the staff imply the index is totally complete, but every effort was made as botanist and chemist at the Ohio Agricultural Experi­ to make it as comprehensive as possible. It is not a corp­ ment Station. From 1904 to 1923 Selby served as Chief, plete listing of saprophytic fungi reported on plant hosts. Department of Botany, O~io Agricultural Experiment Sta­ Neither is it complete with respect to fungi (especially tion, Wooster. Hymenomycetes) that occur causing decay or rot of heart­ The first compilation of plant diseases in Ohio is a 19i0 wood or sapwood There are many Ohio collections of these publication by Professor Selby (Ohio Agricultural Exp~ri­ species but the host tree often was not reported. Additional ment Station Bulletin No. 214). The publication by Selby new diseases certainly will be reported each year. As in all was a revised and expanded treatment of "A Condensed compilations of this kind some pathogens may have been Handbook of the Diseases of Cultivated Plants in Ohid' misidentified as well as some hosts. In some instances, published in 1900. It was much more than a listing of especially where collections were cited, it was possible to diseases of Ohio cultivated plants. It was a discussion of correct errors. All of the collections cited in this index were diseases in general. At the time of this publication it was examined personally by the author. reported to be the only general compilation and discussion Pathogen groups or causal agents are listed in the following of plant disease in America (Stover, Phytopathology order-Bacteria; Fungi; Nematodes; Viruses, Viroids, and 15:1-10). Selby was a charter member of the American Mycoplasmas; and Physiological or Abiotic causes. Causal Phytopathological Society and its President in 1911. agents within the above groups are listed in alphabetical In 1891 W. A. Kellerman became Chairman of the newly order. For a few host plants, insect- and mite-caused pro­ organized department of Botany & Forestry at Ohio State. blems are included where the symptoms resemble a plant He collected extensively, adding many specimens of disease. parasitic fungi to the herbarium of the University. Keller­ A complete entry for this index includes the following; man and Werner in 1893 prepared a list of Ohio plants scientific and common name of the host plant; pathogen for volume 7 of the Report of the Ohio Geological Survey. (genus and species) or causal agent; older names and alter­ One thousand species of fungi are included of which about nate state names, where applicable; disease(s) caused; 250 are parasitic. source(s) for the entry in parentheses; and reference(s) to Frank Lincoln Stevens, a part time graduate student at a description of the pathogen or causal agent. Ohio State and a teacher at Columbus North High School (1894-1898) collected in central Ohio and published four A Brief Historical Review lists of parasitic fungi. Later after leaving Ohio he publish­ The first list of fungi from Ohio was published by T. G. ed the well known and widely used book, The Fungi Which Lea in 1849, as a part of a Catalogue of Plants, Native and Cause Plant Disease. Edo Claassen collected in Cuyahoga Naturalized, Collected in the Vicinity of Cincinnati, Ohio, and nearby counties of northern Ohio from 1895 to the During the Years 1834-1844. Twenty to thirty of the 319 early 1920's and published several lists of powdery mildew fungi in this catalogue would today be considered as plant and rust fungi in the 1890's. pathogens; however, at that time fungi were not generally Other collectors of parasitic fungi in Ohio, 1890-1910 and recognized as causing plant disease. The fungi in Lea's list the general locality where they collected are listed. At least were identified by the Reverend M. J. Berkeley, well known some of the collections of these early collectors are in The British mycologist of the 19th century. In the 1880's, AP. Ohio State University fungus collections. Morgan's Mycologic Rora of the Miami Valley, Ohio was W. H. Aiken, Cincinnati, 1897-1910 published, but no parasitic species of fungi were included. E. E. Bogue, Ashtabula County, 1890's Beginning in the 1880's several persons became active Thomas Bonser, Wyandot County, Early 1900's as collectors of parasitic fungi. Frederica Detmers ap- Moses Craig, Columbus, 1888-1892 F. D. Kelsey, Oberlin, Toledo, 1890's 1 Professor Emeritus, Department of Plant Pathology L. C. Riddle, Columbus, 1895-1905 C. M. Weed, Columbus, 1895-1898 and their students. Most nematode entries in this index W. C. Werner, Columbus, Painesville, 1890's were provided by Riedel.