Manchu Books: Overview and Provenance 2 Bibliography 5 I.Classics 6 II
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Orthography of Early Chinese Writing: Evidence from Newly Excavated Manuscripts
IMRE GALAMBOS ORTHOGRAPHY OF EARLY CHINESE WRITING: EVIDENCE FROM NEWLY EXCAVATED MANUSCRIPTS BUDAPEST MONOGRAPHS IN EAST ASIAN STUDIES SERIES EDITOR: IMRE HAMAR IMRE GALAMBOS ORTHOGRAPHY OF EARLY CHINESE WRITING: EVIDENCE FROM NEWLY EXCAVATED MANUSCRIPTS DEPARTMENT OF EAST ASIAN STUDIES, EÖTVÖS LORÁND UNIVERSITY BUDAPEST 2006 The present volume was published with the support of the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation. © Imre Galambos, 2006 ISBN 963 463 811 2 ISSN 1787-7482 Responsible for the edition: Imre Hamar Megjelent a Balassi Kiadó gondozásában (???) A nyomdai munkálatokat (???)a Dabas-Jegyzet Kft. végezte Felelős vezető Marosi Györgyné ügyvezető igazgató CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. vii Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER ONE FORMER UNDERSTANDINGS ..................................................................................... 11 1.1 Traditional views ........................................................................................... 12 1.1.1 Ganlu Zishu ........................................................................................ 13 1.1.2 Hanjian .............................................................................................. 15 1.2 Modern views ................................................................................................ 20 1.2.1 Noel Barnard ..................................................................................... -
China's Place in Philology: an Attempt to Show That the Languages of Europe and Asia Have a Common Origin
CHARLES WILLIAM WASON COLLECTION CHINA AND THE CHINESE THE GIFT Of CHARLES WILLIAM WASON CLASS OF IB76 1918 Cornell University Library P 201.E23 China's place in phiiologyian attempt toI iPii 3 1924 023 345 758 CHmi'S PLACE m PHILOLOGY. Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924023345758 PLACE IN PHILOLOGY; AN ATTEMPT' TO SHOW THAT THE LANGUAGES OP EUROPE AND ASIA HAVE A COMMON OKIGIIS". BY JOSEPH EDKINS, B.A., of the London Missionary Society, Peking; Honorary Member of the Asiatic Societies of London and Shanghai, and of the Ethnological Society of France, LONDON: TRtJBNEE & CO., 8 aito 60, PATEENOSTER ROV. 1871. All rights reserved. ft WftSffVv PlOl "aitd the whole eaeth was op one langtta&e, and of ONE SPEECH."—Genesis xi. 1. "god hath made of one blood axl nations of men foe to dwell on all the face of the eaeth, and hath detee- MINED the ITMTIS BEFOEE APPOINTED, AND THE BOUNDS OP THEIS HABITATION." ^Acts Xvil. 26. *AW* & ju€V AiQionas fiereKlaOe tij\(J6* i6j/ras, AiOioiras, rol Si^^a SeSafarat effxarot av8p&Vf Ol fiiv ivffofievov Tireplovos, oi S' avdv-rof. Horn. Od. A. 22. TO THE DIRECTORS OF THE LONDON MISSIONAEY SOCIETY, IN EECOGNITION OP THE AID THEY HAVE RENDERED TO EELIGION AND USEFUL LEAENINO, BY THE RESEARCHES OP THEIR MISSIONARIES INTO THE LANGUAOES, PHILOSOPHY, CUSTOMS, AND RELIGIOUS BELIEFS, OP VARIOUS HEATHEN NATIONS, ESPECIALLY IN AFRICA, POLYNESIA, INDIA, AND CHINA, t THIS WORK IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED. -
Manchu Grammar (Gorelova).Pdf
HdO.Gorelova.7.vw.L 25-04-2002 15:50 Pagina 1 MANCHU GRAMMAR HdO.Gorelova.7.vw.L 25-04-2002 15:50 Pagina 2 HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES HANDBUCH DER ORIENTALISTIK SECTION EIGHT CENTRAL ASIA edited by LILIYA M. GORELOVA VOLUME SEVEN MANCHU GRAMMAR HdO.Gorelova.7.vw.L 25-04-2002 15:50 Pagina 3 MANCHU GRAMMAR EDITED BY LILIYA M. GORELOVA BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON • KÖLN 2002 HdO.Gorelova.7.vw.L 25-04-2002 15:50 Pagina 4 This book is printed on acid-free paper Die Deutsche Bibliothek – CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Gorelova, Liliya M.: Manchu Grammar / ed. by Liliya M. Gorelova. – Leiden ; Boston ; Köln : Brill, 2002 (Handbook of oriental studies : Sect.. 8, Central Asia ; 7) ISBN 90–04–12307–5 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gorelova, Liliya M. Manchu grammar / Liliya M. Gorelova p. cm. — (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section eight. Central Asia ; vol.7) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 9004123075 (alk. paper) 1. Manchu language—Grammar. I. Gorelova, Liliya M. II. Handbuch der Orientalis tik. Achte Abteilung, Handbook of Uralic studies ; vol.7 PL473 .M36 2002 494’.1—dc21 2001022205 ISSN 0169-8524 ISBN 90 04 12307 5 © Copyright 2002 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by E.J. Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers MA 01923, USA. -
Translations from the Manchu
'l II 1 I U Jgjg'^ TRAJN^SLATIONS FROM TltK MxViNOHU, WITU THE OIUGLVJL TEXTS, y V 11 E F \ i: 1^ D l{ v A]^ ESSAY ON TJBL LAlsauAGE. # THOMAS TAYLOR MEAjlOiWS IJSTERPRETER TO H. 6, M.'s CONSULATE p D V ^[^ tV^TVUi^XKrtr —ii«.m 1 r* '•i 'v 1^ «- V1 u i >:' <$<! ^ ^^y* TRANSLATIOXS FROM THE MANCHU, WITH THE ORIGIXAL TEXTS, PREFACED BY AN ESSAY ON THE LANGUAGE, BY THOMAS TAYLOR MEADOWS, INTERTRETER TO H B Ms CONSULATE AT CAxNTON, tr a n ton. FREStS OF ::;. W K IJ. S WILU VMS, v? Mail} lib. JOHN FRYER CUtNESE LIBRARr PLOTS' .55- TO Cljomas toilliam £ocku)Ooi) illackmu, ^^sq. J. }p. THESE PAGES ARE DEDICATED, A SLIcaiT MARK OF THE ESTEEM OF THE WRITER 747758 CONTENTS. ESSAY. PAOE Nature of the Manchu Language 1 Origin and Progress of the Manchu written Language 9 Usefulness of the Manchu. 14 Facilities for the Acquisition of the Manchu 20 TRANSLATIONS. PACK FOIJO OP TEXT. Imperial Edicts 35 ^ Sacred Edict 45 14 Proclamation 49 19 Memorial to the Emperor 51 2 J Examination. Essav 5:J 23 PREFACE. TiiK M iiiclm language was first brought to the notice of the learn- ed in Europe by the labors of the French missionaries who resided in Peking during the reigns of the first four Emperors of the Manchu family that now governs China. A grammar in Latin, the work of P. Gerbillon was sent to France and printed in 1696; but the language does not appear to have been studied in Europe until after the publi- cation of a grammar and dictionary by P. -
143 Mårten Söderblom Saarela to Say That the Publication of a Book Is
book reviews 143 Mårten Söderblom Saarela The Early Modern Travels of Manchu: A Script and Its Study in East Asia and Europe. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2020. Pp. ix + 301. Hb, $69.95. To say that the publication of a book is overdue is no uncommon occurrence; to say that a long-awaited book has finally been written by a highly capable author does not happen every day. Although the contribution of the Manchus to late-imperial China has been studied with renewed vigor since the discovery of new archival sources in the 1990s, there has been no book devoted exclusively to the gestation, cultural interpretation, and eventual fate of Manchu as a his- torical language. Further to the sheer linguistic expertise of Mårten Söderblom Saarela, the author also managed to open up a relatively obscure chapter of East Asia’s historical culture to a global public in a generally intelligible way. And not merely East Asia’s history: by virtue of Jesuit linguists, Manchu entered the European circle of knowledge from the very beginning of the Qing era (1644– 1911). This book therefore also bears testimony to the contribution of missionar- ies belonging to the Society of Jesus throughout the centuries. In his quest to approach a learned general public beyond the small circle of Manchu specialists, Saarela’s work sets the scene by summarizing the history of languages and scripts in imperial China, of the Manchu script and of the wider world’s interest in Manchu. The creation of Manchu Studies, initially under the aegis of Jesuit missionaries, is also succinctly dealt with in the Introduction (“A Cultural History of the Manchu Script”). -
Learning Chinese Characters Through Applied
Learning(g Chinese Characters (汉字)g) through Applied Pattern Recognition Dr. Ta’id HOLMES (博士·福尔摩斯·大山) TIP SAP Research SE&T Non-Objectives Scientific Talk Relevancy &C& Completeness of fC Content Writing & Spea kin g © 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 2 Objectives Activating your Intrinsic “Research Gene“ Raising your Curiosity Boost your Creativity, Motivation, & Happiness Gain a Basic Understanding of Written Chinese Develop a Profound Appreciation for the Different © 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 3 Agenda (政纲) 1 Facts (事实) 2 History (历史) 3 Examples (实例) 4 Outlook (图景) © 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 4 Facts (事实): Some Metrics 100,000+ characters 2000 simplified characters 3000 99% of characters used in newspapers 4000 you may consider yourself educated 6000 to read literature or Classical Chinese 1,300,000+ speakers © 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 5 Total Number of Chinese Characters (汉字) Year Name of dictionary Number of characters 100 Shuowen Jiezi 9,353 543? Yupian 12,158 601 Qieyun 16,917 997 Longkan Shoujian 26,430 1011 Guangyun 26,194 1039 Jiyun 53, 525 1615 Zihui 33,179 1675 Zhengzitong 33, 440 1716 Kangxi Zidian 47,035 1916 Zhonghua Da Zidian 48,000 1989 Hanyu Da Zidian 54,678 1994 Zhonghua Zihai 85,568 2004 Yitizi Zidian 106,230 © 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 6 1 Facts (事实) 2 History (历史) 3 Examples (实例) 4 Outlook (图景) © 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 7 History (历史) Jiǎhú (賈湖) symbols: 6600-6200 BC © 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 8 Shang Dynasty (商朝): 1600-1046 BC Oracle bone script (甲骨文) © 2011 SAP AG. -
A Study of the Standardization of Chinese Writing/ Ying Wang University of Massachusetts Amherst
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 2008 A study of the standardization of Chinese writing/ Ying Wang University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Wang, Ying, "A study of the standardization of Chinese writing/" (2008). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 2060. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/2060 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A STUDY OF THE STANDARDIZATION OF CHINESE WRITING A Thesis Presented by YING WANG Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2008 Asian Languages and Literatures © Copyright by Ying Wang All Rights Reserved STUDIES OF THE STANDARDIZATION OF CHINESE WRITING A Thesis Presented by YING WANG Approved as to style and content by: hongwei Shen, Chair Donald E. GjertsoH, Member Enhua Zhang, Member hongwei Shen, Director Asian Languages and Literatures Program Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures Julie Caii s, Chair Departira hguages, Literatures and Cultures ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to earnestly thank my advisor, Professor Zhongwei Shen, for his helpful, patient guidance and support in all the stages of my thesis writing. Thanks are also due to my committee members Professor Donald Gjertson and Professor Enhua Zhang, for their generous help. My friends, Mathew Flannery and Charlotte Mason, have also edited thesis my in various stages, and to them I am truly grateful. -
Proposal to Change Glyphs of Mongolian Letter Manchu Ka
Proposal to Change Glyphs of Mongolian Letter Manchu Ka MA Xudong ([email protected]) – MORIN Maktu WANG Shuo ([email protected]) – WANGGIYAN Sure JIN Biao ([email protected]) – SAKDA Jahari WANG Jun ([email protected]) – WANGGIYAN Sahaliyan ᠸᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᠠ ᠸᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᡠᡵᡝ ᠉ ᠸᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᡠᡵᡝ ᠰᠠᡴᡩᠠ ᠮᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᠮᠣᡵᡳᠨ ᠨ 马 王 金 王 ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳ ᠮᠠᡴᡨᡠ 旭 ᠵᠠᡥᠠᡵᡳ 东 硕 标 军 ᠉ ᠶᠠ ᠉ ᠨ ᠉ I. Proposal. This document requests to change all the representative glyphs and the first final forms of U+1874 MONGOLIAN LETTER MANCHU KA in the code charts from the small horizontal rightward tails to the normal-size horizontal rightward tails. the representative Manchu k Mongolian g Sibe k a glyph and/or the first final form U+1874 U+182D U+1863 U+1820 the Unicode Standard 9.0 ᡴ ᠭ ᡣ ᠠ Proposed R Altogether there are five places in the Unicode Standard 9.0 that should be modified. The first place: the Unicode Standard 9.0 1/6 The second and the third places: the Unicode Standard 9.0 The fourth and the fifth places: the Unicode Standard 9.0 II. Attestations. Relevant Document: L2/17-009 Proposal to encode one Manchu letter The Manchu alphabet was converted from the Mongolian alphabet with lots of modifications and additions. The modification to the Manchu letter k is to change the final form of the original Mongolian letter g from the original small horizontal rightward tail (hereafter referred to as the mall tail) to the normal-size horizontal rightward tail (hereafter referred to as the big tail). The Manchu letter m was also experienced the similar change from the Mongolian letter m. -
Script Crisis and Literary Modernity in China, 1916-1958 Zhong Yurou
Script Crisis and Literary Modernity in China, 1916-1958 Zhong Yurou Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2014 © 2014 Yurou Zhong All rights reserved ABSTRACT Script Crisis and Literary Modernity in China, 1916-1958 Yurou Zhong This dissertation examines the modern Chinese script crisis in twentieth-century China. It situates the Chinese script crisis within the modern phenomenon of phonocentrism – the systematic privileging of speech over writing. It depicts the Chinese experience as an integral part of a worldwide crisis of non-alphabetic scripts in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It places the crisis of Chinese characters at the center of the making of modern Chinese language, literature, and culture. It investigates how the script crisis and the ensuing script revolution intersect with significant historical processes such as the Chinese engagement in the two World Wars, national and international education movements, the Communist revolution, and national salvation. Since the late nineteenth century, the Chinese writing system began to be targeted as the roadblock to literacy, science and democracy. Chinese and foreign scholars took the abolition of Chinese script to be the condition of modernity. A script revolution was launched as the Chinese response to the script crisis. This dissertation traces the beginning of the crisis to 1916, when Chao Yuen Ren published his English article “The Problem of the Chinese Language,” sweeping away all theoretical oppositions to alphabetizing the Chinese script. This was followed by two major movements dedicated to the task of eradicating Chinese characters: First, the Chinese Romanization Movement spearheaded by a group of Chinese and international scholars which was quickly endorsed by the Guomingdang (GMD) Nationalist government in the 1920s; Second, the dissident Chinese Latinization Movement initiated in the Soviet Union and championed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the 1930s. -
Old Manchu and Mongolian Books and Manuscripts
OLD MANCHU AND MONGOLIAN BOOKS AND MANUSCRIPTS Introduction and catalogue Koos Kuiper East Asian Library Leiden University Library Leiden, March 2014 Contents Introduction 1 A.Old Manchu books: overview and provenance 2 Bibliography 5 I.Classics 6 II. Philosophy 8 III. Religion 11 IV. History 11 V. Language 12 VI. Chinese fiction in Manchu translation 22 VII. Supplement to Walravens’ catalogue 24 B. Old Mongolian books 28 Appendix I: Description of five honorific decrees 31 AppendixII: Tables of Manchu and Mongolian books, manuscripts and decrees 35 Introduction The East Asian Library in Leiden University1 has a collection of 40 old books and manuscripts in Manchu. Most of these were described in Professor Hartmut Walravens’ German catalogue of 35 Manchu books that was published as “Mandjurische Bücher im Sinologisch Instituut, Leiden,” in: Central Asiatic Journal, 30:3-4 (1986) pp. 275-284. The present English catalogue of Manchu books (part A) was made on the basis of this catalogue adding some new information about the provenance. Five items were added at the end and were described with the assistance of Professor Walravens. The East Asian Library also has a small collection of five old Mongolian books that are catalogued here as well (part B), with the assistance of Dr Hans Nugteren and Professor Hartmut Walravens.2 These comprise one calendar and four Christian items. It should be noted that there is a certain overlap between the two collections, and that eight bilingual items in Mongolian and Manchu (or trilingual with Chinese) are classified with the Manchu books (HW nos. 7, 24, 26, 29, 31, and extra nos. -
CHINA Backer
358 BOOK REVIEWS the three detailed lists of objects from Europe and the United States, statistical data is provided on the distribution of artifacts in European countries, and the distribution of different groups of artifacts according to their region of origin. Since the Ryukyu Kingdom was incorporated into the Japanese state as Okinawa Prefecture more than one hundred years ago, the traditional culture of the region has steadily declined. The Pacific War and the Occupation following the war both inflicted irreparable damage on the traditional culture. Therefore, the collections presented here acquire special importance as they provide some rare illustrative material for the study of traditional culture, which is no longer to be found in the original sites. Thus, although this volume is not so much about Ryukyu an folklore per se, it offers important information on where to find cer tain artifacts in Europe and the United States, and introduces less well-known literature in French. The records of the Russian pioneer Nikolai Nevsky, and the detailed documentation of library resources such as the records of Ryukyuan music in Britain, are probably for folk lorists the most interesting parts of this book, which otherwise consists largely of quite theo retical papers. REFERENCES KABANOFF, Alexander 1993 Unpublished Materials by Nikolai Nevsky on the Ethnology of the Ryukyu Islands. Nachrichten der Gesellschaft fu r Natur- und Vdl\erl^unde Ostasiens 156: 25-43. WACKER, M onika 1998 Book review: Josef Kreiner (ed.): Sources of Ryukyuan History and Culture in European Collections. Nachrichten der Gesellschaft fu r Natur- und Vdl\erl^unde Ostasiens 163-164: 234-36. -
De Vertaling Van Het Bijbelse Woord God Naar Het Chinees
Universiteit Gent Academiejaar 2010-2011 De Termkwestie: De vertaling van het Bijbelse woord God naar het Chinees Verhandeling voorgelegd Aan de Faculteit der Letteren en Wijsbegeerte, tot het verkrijgen van de graad van Master in de Oosterse talen en culturen door Promotor: Prof. dr. Christoph Anderl Annelies Van de Walle. Inhoudsopgave. Woord vooraf .................................................................................................................................. 2 Inleiding............................................................................................................................................ 3 1 Theoretisch kader: taalkundig ................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Comparatieve taalkunde ............................................................................................. 5 1.2 Etymologie .................................................................................................................. 10 1.2.1 De comparatieve methode ................................................................................ 11 1.2.2 Betekenisverandering ........................................................................................ 13 2. Historisch gebruik .................................................................................................................. 15 2.1 Tianzhu 天主 .............................................................................................................. 17 2.2 Shen 神/神 ................................................................................................................