Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented By: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) for Cash for Food and Non-Food Items in Kind

Human Resources Development Agency (HRDA) Address: House No 340, Street 13, Behind Chiragh Hospital, Qala-e-Fathullah, Kabul Afghanistan. Website: www.hrda.af Mob: +93 (0) 799 306 245 / 0700 300 184 Email: [email protected] / [email protected]

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

Table of

Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. SUMMARY: ...... 3 2. PROJECT BACKGROUND: ...... 11 2.1 Background /Introduction ...... 11 2.2 The Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Project ...... 12 2.3 The human development resources agency (HRDA) ...... 12 3. ESNI ASSESSMENT OF BENEFICIARY IDP HOUSHOLDS OF CASH-FOR-FOOD AND NFI DISTRIBUTION COMPONENT OF CHF PROJECT: ...... 13 3.1 Data Collection Methodology ...... 14 3.2 Sampling For Data Collection ...... 14 3.3 Tool Used For Data Collection ...... 14 4. ESNI ASSESSMENT FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS...... 15 4.1 Household Demographics and Displacement ...... 15 4.2 Household health and vulnerability assessment ...... 18 4.3 School Age Going Children in IDP Households ...... 19 4.4 IDP’s Shelter ...... 20 4.5 IDP’s Financial Position ...... 22 4.6 IDP’s Asset Assessment ...... 26 4.7 Assistance Received By IDP Households And Their Plan To Return ...... 27 4.8 Food And Nutrition Assessment Of IDP Households ...... 28 4.9 WASH In IDP Households ...... 35 4.10 Immediate Non-Food Items Needed By IDP Households ...... 38 4.11 Needs Prioritized By The IDP Households ...... 39 5. ESNI RECOMMENDATIONS: ...... 40 5.1 Household Demographics ...... 40 5.2 Health ...... 40 5.3 Education ...... 40 5.4 Shelter ...... 41 5.5 Financial support ...... 41 5.6 Asset Development ...... 42 5.7 Food & Nutrition ...... 42 5.8 Wash ...... 44

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) 5.9 Needs ...... 45

1. SUMMARY:

Conflict remains the most significant cause of displacement in Afghanistan. Since 1 January 2017 alone, more than 318,000 recorded Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) 2 have been forced from their homes and more than 260,000 have not been recorded throughout the country.

Many of these displaced populations reside in formal and informal settlements across the country, in which poverty, poor shelter conditions, food insecurity and lowered hygiene standards are widespread. To support the most vulnerable IDPs households with cash for food and non-food items in kind and collect comprehensive data HRDA conducted assessment using Households Emergency Assessment Tool (HEAT) which is a multi-cluster, assessment of the vulnerabilities and needs of new IDP populations.

Data collection took place between December 27, 2017 and 14 February, 2018. Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were carried out to profile 1,550 IDP households throughout 12 districts in the four Provinces in south region, selected by the clusters based on the high density of displaced populations and the relevance of these districts being the most as HARD TO REACH districts due to high insecurity. The chosen provinces within the region consisted of Kandahar, Helmand, Urzugan and Zabul. Targeted hard to reach districts Kandahar (1. Zhari, 2. Miwand, 3. Khakrez, 4. Shahwali kot) Helmand (1. Lashkargah, 2. Nawa-e-Barakzai, 3. Nad-e-Ali, 4. Garamser) Uruzgan (1. Tarin Kot, 2. Chora, 3. Dihrawud) Zabul (1. Shahjoy)

All the assessments were carried out using the standard HEAT tool. The project staffs have moved village to village on community approach and joint team system and identified the most vulnerable new IDPs HHs in the light of vulnerability criteria and the vulnerability criteria for the selection of beneficiaries has been developed in consultation with relevant cluster and relevant government

departments.

In this assessment and selection process, the government Departments of Refugees & Repatriation (DoRR), Afghanistan National Disaster Management Authority (ANDMA), provincial governor office & district governor offices staffs were also the part of the assessment and selection teams.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) A total of 1,550 household-level surveys were then conducted in 335 villages spread across the abovementioned 12 districts, with the sample being stratified by the population displacement status (IDPs) allowing for comparison between these strata and providing generalizable findings at the regional and displacement group level with a confidence level of 95% and a 5% margin of error. Note: The 1550 IDPs households have been assessed and also assisted by the provision of cash for food and non-food items (NFI) in kind. 1150 Beneficiaries for Cash for Food 120

100

40 Assessed 20 Assissted 0 Naw-e- Shah Dehra Khakre Garms Nad-e- Miwan Tarin Shah Lashkar Barakz Chora Wali Zhari wud z er Ali d Kot Joy Gah ai district Kot district district district district district district district district district district district Assessed 100 100 100 100 100 100 50 100 100 100 100 100 Assissted 100 100 100 100 100 100 50 100 100 100 100 100

400 Beneficiaries for Non-food Items (NFI) in kind 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Dehraw Nad-e- Naw-e- Shah Tarin Lashkar Khakrez Garmser Chora Miwand Zhari Shah Joy ud Ali Barakzai Wali Kot Kot Gah district district district district district district district district district district district district Assessed 33 39 33 33 33 33 15 39 39 33 33 37 Assissted 33 39 33 33 33 33 15 39 39 33 33 37

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) A total of 1,550 household-level surveys were conducted in 335 locations/settlements/villages spread across the abovementioned 12 districts in 4 Provinces. Of these 1,550 total households surveyed 1,150 were Cash For Food beneficiaries and 400 households were NFI in kind beneficiaries and within them were present a total of 1,996 families (1,477 – 74.00% Cash For Food families and 519 – 26.00 % NFI families) as beneficiaries.

The assessment found that IDP residents are a particularly vulnerable population, often consisting of mixed displacement groups with large household sizes, insecure sources of income and a significant perceived fear of eviction. Due to poor shelter conditions, shelter is considered the main priority need of IDP residents, followed by employment and food assistance. Despite these needs, the majority (95%) of IDP households at present intend to remain in their current location and locally integrate.

The majority (100%) of IDPs have been displaced due to conflict their area. Presently, Only 4.26% are currently willing to return to their place of origin because of insecurity and continuing conflict their areas of origin. 18.58% reported the presence of armed groups in their area, 0.90% reporting community tensions between groups as a hazard, while 55.10 reported the ongoing conflict in their area and 25.43% households reported the presence of Mines in their areas due which they are reluctant to return. 1.48% reported that have family members still present in their areas of origin and 0.90% through they would require help to locate these left

behind family members.

The percentage of IDP households that intended to remain in their current location after improvement of security conditions in their place of origin was 18.06, while majority of them (80.19%) intended to return to their original place of origin provided the conflict in their areas ended and a safe security situation was guaranteed.

On average, IDP households consist of 1.29 families and 6.71 individuals, of which 49.57% are male and 50.43% female.

83.61% of the households are headed by an elderly male member, 15.35% of the households are women headed households and in 1.03% of the households the head of the household is a child. 24.45% of the households have more than 3 under-5 years age children present in the households surveyed. 8.52 % of the total households had members who had some kind of disability and the percentage of such disabled persons was 1.08% of the total members present in the surveyed households.

Lacking a Tazkira perpetuates the vulnerability of IDP households as it prevents access to services and assistance. This is a particular concern for all the surveyed households, 52.19% of the households were those where only the Head of the Household only had the Tazkira, 42.00% of were households where some additional members had the Tazkira while 5.81% reported that none of the members had the Tazkira. Only 2.45% of the children in all the households surveyed had a birth certificate, while the percentage of households where anyone in the household had the POR Card was only 0.90%.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

73.81% of the total households surveyed had 1,327 breast feeding women, while 8.13% of the total households surveyed had 133 pregnant household members. 6.77 % of the total households had 130 chronically ill children, while 53.42households had children who were fully immunized, 39.61% of the households had partially immunized children and children in 6.97% of the households had not had any kind of immunization. 8.77% of the households had at least one member who was undergoing treatment for tuberculosis while 4% of the households had least a mortality in the household because of an illness during the month prior to the survey.

There are a total of 3,903 (girls – 51.50% and boys – 48.50) school age going children present in IDP households. Of these only 1,170 (29.98%) are currently attending school at the time of the survey. Of these 1,170 school attending children 381 (32.56%) are girls and the rest 789 (67.44%) are boys that are currently going to school. The reason given for the less attendance by girls in majority of the cases was that it was because of schools being at a distance and mainly security concerns of the parents.

50.45% of the IDP households are currently living in their own mud-brick shelters, while another 23.48 are residing in rented accommodation, which is placing further strain on the poor financial conditions of these IDP residents, while 25.61% are residing in their host’s accommodation and do not pay any rent.

The IDPs are involved in many occupations for subsistence and survival in their present hard times. 31.48 % of the households are involved in agriculture as land owners or tenant farmers on host community lands. 0.71% of the households are artisans while majority of the IDPs i.e. 57.87% of the households subsist as daily wage laborers which is mostly seasonal and not available on a regular basis. 6.32% are either self-employed or run small shops in villages; while 2.90 % households earn their living as skilled workers. However, 0.71% households do not do anything and subsist on charity and help from friends and relatives.

69.61 % of the households have a single member who earns for the family, while 24.77 % of the households have 2 family members as bread earners in the family. 3.61% and 0.71% of the households have 3 and 4 family members earning for the family respectively.

The IDP households before displacement had a fairly good income and somehow managed to make their both ends meet. 34.52 % of the households had a monthly income of below 5,000 AFN, 57.61% households used to earn an income between AFN 5,001 to AFN 10,000 per month, while 7.35% of the households earned between AFN 10,001 to AFN 15,000 per month.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) As a result of displacement and loss of their assets, the IDPs continue to live in exacerbated financial insecurity and have greater needs and very less income to survive. As a result of which 58.77 % of the households have contract debts to make their ends meet. 23.61% of the households have debts below AFN 5,000; 15.10 % of the households have contracted between AFN 5,001 to AFN 10,000; while 20.06% of the IDP households have a debt of above AFN 15,000 to pay.

The IDPs in surveyed also had livestock as the only asset which they brought with them or have at the time of the survey. 34.00% of the households reported that they have livestock as man asset. The IDPs have 483 head of cattle, 324 goats and 258 sheep within the households that have livestock. The women also reported that they have 36 poultry birds within their households.

36.65% of the households brought their assets with them at the time of their displacement, while 37.74 % of the households disposed of their assets prior to displacement. 40.58 % of the households have access to agricultural land to cultivate in their current location.

Unfortunately only 3.16% households had so far only received assistance as reported by them. 56.52% reported that they had land in Afghanistan but only 42.90% had the documentation of their land.

100% of the IDP households surveyed cook their own food and all of them have access to a nearby market for buying the food items and other needed items of domestic use. 83.35% of the households reported that the nearby market is within a distance of 0-5 kilometers and is mostly accessible on foot.

5.81% of the households reported that they seldom eat a complete meal daily, while 37.87 % households said that they have at least a single complete meal daily and 48.39% households eat 2 complete square meals daily.

Furthermore, the food consumption in the households is also restricted by the adults for themselves so that small children had enough to eat. This is being done for at least one day in week by at least 12.13% households, by 30.13% households for 2 days in a week; by 26.00% households for 3 days in a week; by 16.97% households for 4 days in a week; and by 10.52% households for 5 days in a week.

Because of the poor financial conditions it was found that the families also had to reduce the number of meals which they ate daily. This was being done for at least one day in week by at least 30.45% households, by 26.32% households for 2 days in a week; by 16.52% households for 3 days in a week; by 12.26% households for 4 days in a week; and by 9.55% households for 5 days in a week.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) Low incomes also were the reason found why the households did not have enough to eat or for them to have restricted, reduced and less nutritious food. They often had to borrow food or rely on help from friends and relatives to make both the ends meet. 21.23% households were found to be borrowing food for at least one day in week; by 30.58% households for 2 days in a week; by 17.81% households for 3 days in a week; by 12.65% households for 4 days in a week; and by 9.35% households for 5 days in a week.

It was also found that there were a number of households that limited their portion size of cooked food at meal-times so that every member in the household had at least enough to subsist. The percentage of households that did this for at least one day in week was 21.68% households, by 36.00% households for 2 days in a week; by 26.65% households for 3 days in a week; and by 7.42% households for 4 days in a week.

In order to have enough money in the household to buy food, children were often sent out to work and do menial chores and earn for the household kitty. Not all the households resorted to this, but children were sent to work by almost half of the households surveyed. 54.06% households did not send their children to work; 19.16% of the households did this for 1 day in a week; 16.45 % sent the children to work for 2 days in a week and 6.77% sent the to work for 3 days in a week.

Obviously as result of less nutritional consumption of food by the family members they were found to have been affected by the different food shortage coping practices stated above in each individual household. Women members were reported to have been affected in 62.58% of the households; mem members were affected in 59.23% of the surveyed households and children also suffered and had been affected in 53.81% of the households surveyed.

46.18 of the households maintained food stocks in their household for less than week, while 53.48% bought their food items on a daily basis and had no resources to buy and maintain food stocks of even for more than a day.

14.84% of the households stated that their children had to be withdrawn from a nutrition feeding programme because of their displacement.

59.61% of the households reported that access to available water is often limited by the host community. Another reason for this was stated as being security threats during water collection. Despite limitation by host community, 98.32% households had access to enough drinking water; 90.52 had enough access to bathing water; while 94.00% households had enough access to cooking water.

22.00% o0f the households got their water from dug-wells; while the source of water for 64.06% of the households is hand-pumps. Only 8.00% and 1.35% of the households got their water from streams/river and from kandas or piped source respectively.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) The available source of water was 1-5 minutes walking distance from 27.81% households; 6-10 minutes walking distance for 33.48% households; 11-15 minutes walking distance for 21.55% households; and 16-20 minutes walking distance for 12.52% households. 80.52% households stated that they got clean and stable water supply from the source.

In majority of the households (83.94%) the water was collected by children; and in 12.90% households by the male members. The women collected water in 3.16% of the households only.

92.84% of the households had latrines. However, only 63.16 % of the households said that these latrines provided enough privacy, safety and dignity for all kind of uses. 65.29% of the households had family pit latrines; only 7.23 % had VIP family pit latrines. 7.94% of the households used a common community pit latrine, while 19.55% of the households defecated in the open. The most immediate assistance that the IDPs stated in the current condition was that at the time of the survey 93.10% were in need of kitchen items.

82.58 households were found to be in need of blankets and bedding followed by warm clothing needed by 85.16% households, 68.06% needed fuel (70%), indicating significant concerns for the coming winters.

In particular, women and children in IDP households were found to be also in need of hygiene items reported by 73.94% of households, while 55.68% households stated they needed water containers to store drinking and bathing water.

Each household during the survey was asked to identify their needs and all of the households surveyed came up with long and varied shopping lists. They were asked to prioritize and identify their immediate needs from their shopping lists. As a result of discussions and deliberations with the household members, 16.00% households identified food and food items as their most prioritized need; 11.74% households identified education as being the next most immediate prioritized need and 11.68% of the households identified non-food items (NFIs) as the third most prioritized need. Other needs identified by the surveyed households in terms of percentages that followed were job-employment (10.77%); financial support (8.65%); safe security (7.81%); presence of hospitals and clinics (5.10%); winterization items-tools and fuel (4.97%); temporary shelter (3.875); support for agriculture (seed and fertilizer)–(3.61%); and drinking water (3.48%).

The overall objective of the future Projects should be to contribute to activities that lead to decreasing the vulnerability of Afghan IDP households especially the women and children in the four provinces where the survey has been carried out (12 districts) to increase access to land and shelter, including WASH facilities and to increase resilience amongst the IDPs. The following recommendations are advised for being taken up in any future project that is implemented to assist the surveyed IPDs to build up and to increase resilience of IDP families particularly the women and children members of the IDP households.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) The future project should try and assist the IDP in getting Tazkiras made for all the members of the household, all the children should be got registered and birth certificates. All the children should be got immunized so that they complete immunization for diseases like polio, TB, diphtheria, malaria, typhoid, tetanus, measles, whooping cough, influenza and small pox.

Obviously the future project cannot construct schools, however effort should be made to establish and run community managed schools, for which teachers may be given training by the project to the local educated female and male. The project can provide books and edu-aids to such schools.

Not only are the IDP shelters a source of vulnerability, but overcrowding within these shelters presents further insecurity, with an average of five individuals residing in every room. In addition, majority of the shelters have no dedicated space for women and girls, further indicating overcrowding and increased protection concerns for IDP females.

The project could arrange resources from the government or donors for the IDPs who currently reside in host community houses to construct their own mud-brick shelters. The project can also lobby with the policy makers in the government to for getting Afghan Government to provide government to those IDPs who do not have land to construct their own houses.

The project should lobby with the micro finance institutions in Afghanistan to provide micro finance loans to IDPs for starting businesses provided they fulfill the institutional requirements. Male and female IDP household members should also be given vocational training to strengthen their existing or to build up and develop new skills which may enable them to either get self-employed or to start new entrepreneurial activities. The micro finance institutions can also lend micro finance to such trainees to start their own businesses.

This finding indicates ongoing vulnerability faced by IDP residents, as growing IDP dependence places further strain on the limited resources within the sites where they are currently present leading to depletion of their existing assets. The asset of the lower middle classes or the poor and poorest all over world has always been livestock. The future project can provide goat and poultry packages to women coupled with provision of livestock and poultry management trainings.

As effort for supplementing food security and fulfilling nutritional requirements of the IDP households, the future project can assist them by providing support for agriculture through provision of seeds and fertilizer to those IDPs that have agricultural land. The women can be given backyard kitchen gardening training along with provision of seasonal seeds for planting in the kitchen gardens. The poultry package can help in making available eggs for household consumption and also being sold in the market.

The future project can provide wash facilities and material to the IDP households especially those that are defecating in the open to assist them to construct pit latrines for their use.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) The future project should focus in developing programs that cater to the first five prioritized needs of the IDP households. Obviously these can all not be met but efforts should be made to get and earmark funds for such activities as a priority in the project budgets.

2. PROJECT BACKGROUND:

2.1 BACKGROUND /INTRODUCTION

As international reconstruction and development initiatives continue to aid Afghans in rebuilding their country from decades of war, various studies have indicated that change is occurring in Afghanistan, but the progress is slow due to which Afghanistan continues to remain in a state of a protracted humanitarian emergency with little prospect of recovery in the short to medium term. Thirty-five years of conflict and recurrent natural hazards have rendered the Afghan population very vulnerable, and many people‘s coping mechanisms are exhausted. There is widespread underdevelopment, lack of infrastructure, few employment opportunities, and widespread poverty. The fragile country is ranked in the bottom on almost all development indicators despite making significant strides since 2001.

The slow pace of change continues to lead Afghans to continue migrate in order to meet the needs of their families. Today refugee movements no longer characterize the primary source of Afghan migration. Migration in search of livelihoods is currently the primary reason for migration, and this occurs through rural-urban migration in Afghanistan or circular migration patterns as Afghan refugees cross back and return into Afghanistan from Pakistan and/or Iran. Afghans utilize their social networks to find low-skilled work in the cities. The highly skilled in Afghanistan often seek to migrate to Western countries as the opportunities in Afghanistan are limited.

In addition to an internally displaced population of more than 1.9 million people, Afghanistan also has the largest population of refugees in the world, with many of them have returned/are returning from neighboring Pakistan and Iran, either voluntarily or involuntarily. These returnees are then often displaced within Afghanistan upon their return. The Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GoIRA) is stretched to provide relevant services and ensure access to basic rights to the displaced, thus relying on international and national humanitarian and development partners.

According to the Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) Afghanistan Report for 2018 issued by OCHA, the total number of displaced people is 1.9 million. Forced displacement is reported in 29 out of 34 provinces and 58 per cent of all displaced people are girls and boys under 18 years of age. Most of the displaced people have moved to the cities (provincial capitals across Afghanistan now host more than 54 percent of IDPs) where social services are struggling to cope, leading to increased vulnerability and suffering.

Of the 2.1 million people living in areas of highest severity, two thirds (1.4 million people) are concentrated in 10 provinces: Badghis, Faryab, Ghazni, Hilmand, Kandahar, Kunar, Kunduz, Nangarhar, Zabul and Uruzgan. These provinces are also the most conflict affected – accounting for 59 percent of all new internal displacements in 2017, as well as hard to reach. 72 of the 100 districts identified by the Afghanistan Humanitarian Access Group are located within these provinces. Overall, humanitarian presence is well established in the four provinces where needs are the most severe, of concerns however is the much lighter

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) humanitarian operational presence in Kandahar, Uruzgan, Zabul and Hilmand, they are the conflict hotspots where emergency response to new IDPs is constantly required.

While 2017 saw a significant decline in the numbers of undocumented returnees and registered refugees returning from Pakistan (decrease of 70 %) influxes still remain highly dependent on the status of bilateral relations and internal political dynamics. Of additional concern are the 385,000 undocumented returnees who arrived from Iran in 2017. In contrast to undocumented returns from Pakistan, the Iranian caseload contains thousands of special needs cases, including single females, unaccompanied migrant children, emergency medical cases, and high numbers of deportees.

Almost one million children are crossing emergency acute malnutrition levels in the country, particularly in Uruzgan (21.6%), Kandahar (16.5%) and Kunar (16.2%) provinces, all above the international emergency response level. Out of 34 provinces, 21 were classified in IPC (Integrated Food Security Phase Classification) phase 3, one of the province Badghis is classified in phase 4. Out of 21 provinces classified in phase 3, provinces with higher number of proportions in phase 4 are: Badghis (25%), Bamyan (14%), Daikundi (10%), Ghor (12%), Saripul (10%) and Khost (10%). Female headed households are 67 per cent more food insecure than men.

2.2 THE COMMON HUMANITARIAN FUND (CHF) PROJECT

In response to the large influx of returnees in 2017, the Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) has piloted a multi- purpose cash assistance and NFI distribution project in Kandahar, Urzugan Helmand and Zabul Provinces from October 2017 to April, 2018 which has been implemented by the Human Resources Development Agency (HRDA). The project has targeted the 12 most hard to reach districts (Zhari, Miwand, Shahwali Kot, Khakrez, Lashkargah, Naw-e-Barakzai, Nad-e-Ali, Garamser, Tarinkot, Chora, Dihrawud and Shahjoy) in the four provinces. The reason for specifically targeting these districts is because they had been ranked as HARD TO REACH districts due to high insecurity.

HRDA, as part of the project activities in the four Provinces has distributed cash for food and provided psychosocial support to IDP women, boys, girls and men, carried out specific ESNFI needs assessment for particularly women headed households to respond most vulnerable families; provided non-food items to IDP households and created safe environment for affected children during emergencies in Kandahar, Hilmand, Uruzgan and Zabul provinces. HRDA has specifically carried out the below:- 1. Carried out ESNFI Assessment for 4,616 households 2. Distribution of cash for food to 1,150 IDP households 3. Provision of non-food items (NFIs) in kind to 400 IDP households 4. Established of 24 CFSs in 6 districts 5. Conducted and gave psycho-social training to 2110 community members (1071 male and 1039 female participants) 2.3 THE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT RESOURCES AGENCY (HRDA)

The Human Resource Development Agency (HRDA) is an independent, non-governmental, non-political, non- religious and non-for-profit development oriented Afghan organization. This organization was founded in 2002,

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) mainly dedicated to the relief as well as to bring productive and sustainable socio-economic changes in the Afghan Society at gross-root level through community participation, human resources development focusing on human rights, empowerment and mainstreaming of poor, vulnerable and most marginalized segment of the Afghan society. It is registered as an Afghan NGO with the NGO’s department of Ministry of Economics, bearing registration No. 463 dated Feb-2002.

HRDA envisions Afghanistan/World as prosperous, developed and peaceful place free of poverty, violence and social injustices where its entire population should have equal rights and access to resources required for a rich and dignified life without any discrimination.

For achieving the above vision, HRDA endeavors through the capacity development, advocacy & awareness campaign and effective humanitarian services delivery to change the life of vulnerable and marginalized groups positively and forming of just society where all marginalized groups peruse their goals by active participation in social development activities to contribute towards sustainable and infrastructure development.

HRDA head office is located in Kandahar city with a liaison office in Kabul. For successful outreach and effective implementation of projects in target areas it has provincial offices in Tarin-Kot city of Uruzgan, Lashkargah city of Helmand, Qalat city of Zabul and Zaranj City of Nimroz. HRDA successfully implemented over 70 projects in reconstruction, provision of safe drinking water, income generation, construction, drug abuse, vocational trainings and rehabilitation, food security, emergency relief, water and sanitation, education training and overall capacity building activities.

HRDA has a strategic partnerships with many international agencies and donors and has the experience of working with multiple UN agencies and international NGOs and leading Afghan NGOs active in the south of the country and is currently implementing projects in many Southern districts for strengthening capacities and improving access to livelihood opportunities while fostering social cohesion and re-integration of returnees and IDPs.

HRDA has experienced staff that has ample experience in various training workshop including management, finance, HR, human rights, gender awareness, M&E, organizational assessment and other development related areas with exposure trips to Pakistan, India, Nepal, Korea and Bangladesh. The management and staff are all well versed with local areas, their cultures and social norms with strong community relations, including tribal elders, shuras and government authorities. The HRDA leadership also has experience of managing nationally largest ever projects such as Citizen Charter Afghanistan Project (CCAP), National Solidarity Program (NSP), District Teacher Training Team (DT3 – supported by World Bank), Accelerating Learning Centers ALCs and other high profile capacity building activities.

3. ASSESSMENT OF BENEFICIARY IDP HOUSHOLDS OF CASH-FOR-FOOD AND NFI DISTRIBUTION COMPONENT OF CHF PROJECT:

Conflict remains the most significant cause of displacement in Afghanistan. Since 1 January 2017 alone, more than 318,000 recorded Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) have been forced from their homes and more than 260,000 have not been recorded throughout the country.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) Many of these displaced populations resided in formal and informal settlements across 335 villages in the 12 targeted districts in the four Provinces, in which poverty, poor shelter conditions and lowered hygiene standards are widespread. HRDA conducted a multistage, mixed methods assessment of the vulnerabilities and needs of 1,550 IDP households i.e. the beneficiaries of the cash for food and the NFI distribution components of the CHF project.

3.1 DATA COLLECTION METHODOLOGY

Data collection took place between _27 December__ and _14 February___ 2018. Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were carried out to profile 1,550 IDP households throughout 12 districts in the four Provinces for armed conflict internally displaced populations and the relevance of these districts being the most as HARD TO REACH districts due to high insecurity. The chosen provinces within the region consisted of Kandahar, Helmand, Urzugan and Zabul.

3.2 SAMPLING FOR DATA COLLECTION

A total of 1,550 household-level surveys were then conducted in 335 locations/settlements/villages spread across the abovementioned 12 districts in 4 Provinces, with the sample being stratified by the population displacement status (IDPs), allowing for comparison between these strata and providing generalizable findings at the regional and displacement group level.

Finally, a comprehensive assessment was conducted in each district to select the beneficiaries for cash for food and NFI kits in kind and to guide the analysis and further substantiate quantitative findings. The results obtained were then used to give a preliminary findings presentation, informing the Afghanistan Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) 2018, and influencing intended response plans for the upcoming year.

3.3 TOOL USED FOR DATA COLLECTION

All the assessments were carried out using the standard HEAT tool. The project staffs have moved village to village on community approach and joint team system and identified the most vulnerable new IDPs HHs in the light of criteria and the vulnerability criteria for the selection of beneficiaries had been developed in consultation with relevant cluster and relevant government departments.

In this assessments and selection process, the government Departments of Refugees & Repatriation (DoRR), Afghanistan National Disaster Management Authority (ANDMA), provincial governor offices and district governor offices staffs were also the part of the assessment and selection teams.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) 4. HEAT ASSESSMENT FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS

The key findings of this report are as follows:

4.1 HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS AND DISPLACEMENT

A total of 1,550 household-level surveys were then conducted in 335 locations/settlements/villages spread across the abovementioned 12 districts in 4 Provinces. Of these 1,550 total households surveyed 1,150 were Cash For Food beneficiaries and 400 households were NFI beneficiaries and within them were present a total of 1,996 families (1,477 – 74.00% Cash For Food families and 519 – 26.00 % NFI families) as beneficiaries:-

Overall Cash for Food and NFI Beneficiaries # of Villages/ IDP HHds Present in Families Present in Province District Locations Assessed Village HHds Assessed in the District Kandaha 17 139 154 r 1 Zhari 2 Miwand 47 139 190 3 Shah Wali Kot 34 65 73 4 Khakrez 39 139 197 Sub-Total 137 482 614 Helmand 1 Lashkargah 24 137 176 Nawa-e- 32 133 157 2 Barakzai 3 Nad-e-Ali 16 133 180 4 Garamser 8 133 192 Sub-Total 80 536 705 Urzugan 1 Dhiravud 20 133 183 2 Chora 16 133 159 3 Tarin Kot 33 133 191 Sub-Total 69 399 533 Zabul 1 Shahjoy 49 133 144 Sub-Total 49 133 144 Grand-Total 335 1,550 1,996 %age Total 100.00 100.00 100.00

On average, IDP households consist of 1.29 families and 6.71 individuals, of which 49.57% are male and 50.43% female.

Overall Cash and NFI Beneficiaries

Household Demographics

New Born Children (6 District Adolescents Adults (18-50 Total Household Children (0-5 months-5 Elders (50+) (5-18 years) years) Members Province months) years) Avg.Hhd Size Total M F M F M F M F M F M F

(M+F)

ar 51 61 152 157 175 147 143 157 63 56 584 578 1,162 7.55 d

Kan 1 Zhari

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

2 Miwand 57 42 150 139 224 177 132 175 50 70 613 603 1,216 6.40 3 Shah Wali Kot 38 38 103 103 73 97 39 74 40 58 293 370 663 9.08 4 Khakrez 64 57 146 155 150 246 181 225 68 78 609 761 1,370 6.95 Sub-Total 210 198 551 554 622 667 495 631 221 262 2,099 2,312 4,411 7.18 1 Lashkargah 30 96 109 143 161 198 178 169 51 54 529 660 1,189 6.76

2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 60 71 114 134 165 170 166 165 11 11 516 551 1,067 6.80

3 Nad-e-Ali 104 57 167 157 191 177 163 171 35 14 660 576 1,236 6.87 Helmand 4 Garamser 63 95 127 147 124 163 197 203 48 21 559 629 1,188 6.19 Sub-Total 257 319 517 581 641 708 704 708 145 100 2,264 2,416 4,680 6.64

1 Dhiravud 98 37 116 96 156 128 203 196 5 5 578 462 1,040 5.68

2 Chora 68 19 207 171 177 147 145 145 22 24 619 506 1,125 7.08 34 84 142 131 169 110 194 200 3 3 542 528 1,070 5.60

Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot

Sub-Total 200 140 465 398 502 385 542 541 30 32 1,739 1,496 3,235 6.07

1 Shahjoy 18 24 129 99 231 229 139 149 19 27 536 528 1,064 7.39

Zabul Sub-Total 18 24 129 99 231 229 139 149 19 27 536 528 1,064 7.39 Grand-Total 685 681 1,662 1,632 1,996 1,989 1,880 2,029 415 421 6,638 6,752 13,390 6.71 Total (M+F) 1,366 3,294 3,985 3,909 836 13,390 51.2 50.9 49.6 50.3 %age Total 5.46 49.54 50.09 49.91 48.09 51.91 49.57 50.43 7 7 4 6

Overall Cash for Food and NFI Beneficiaries Household Members

# of Hhds having Province District # of # of # of Hhds # of # of Child more than Elderly Female having disabled Head of 3 Under 5 Head of Head of People with person in Hhd Years age Hhd Hhd Disability Hhd Children in Hhd

1 Zhari 73 64 2 9 8 9 2 Miwand 90 49 0 5 25 25 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 57 7 1 17 6 4 4 Khakrez 70 69 0 6 5 4 Sub-Total 290 189 3 37 44 42 1 Lashkargah 123 14 0 88 0 0 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 130 1 2 58 0 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 114 17 2 90 2 2 4 Garamser 129 4 0 54 0 0 Sub-Total 496 36 4 290 2 2

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) 1 Dhiravud 133 0 0 0 10 20 2 Chora 132 1 0 4 6 6 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 125 3 5 39 56 59 Sub-Total 390 4 5 43 72 85 1 Shahjoy 120 9 4 9 14 16 Zabul Sub-Total 120 9 4 9 14 16 Grand-Total 1,296 238 16 379 132 145 %age Total hhds 83.61 15.35 1.03 24.45 8.52 1.08

The majority (100%) of IDPs have been displaced due to conflict their area. Only 4.26% are currently willing to return to their place of origin because of insecurity and continuing conflict their areas of origin. 18.58% reported the presence of armed groups in their area, 0.90% reporting community tensions between groups as a hazard, while 55.10 reported the ongoing conflict in their area and 25.43% households reported the presence of Mines in their areas due which they are reluctant to return. 1.48% reported that have family members still present in their areas of origin and 0.90% through they would require help to locate these left behind family members.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Displacement Assessment %age of %age of %age of Hhds Displacement Hhds %age of %age of %age of Hhds %age of which Province District Category of Willing Hazard Hazard in Hazard Requiring Hazard have a Hhd - to in Area - Area - in Area - any help in Area - family Conflict IDP Return Armed Community Mines: to find Conflict member %age to place Groups Tension UXO/IED the left of origin member behind 1 Zhari 139 1 9 0 2 128 0 0 2 Miwand 139 0 2 0 7 130 1 0 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 65 35 18 0 2 45 6 0 4 Khakrez 139 0 55 4 29 51 2 0 Sub-Total 482 36 84 4 40 354 9 0 1 Lashkargah 137 0 0 0 137 0 0 0 Nawa-e- 2 Barakzai 133 0 0 0 133 0 0 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 133 0 1 0 132 0 0 0 4 Garamser 133 0 0 0 133 0 0 0 Sub-Total 536 0 1 0 535 0 0 0 1 Dhiravud 133 0 87 0 46 0 6 6 2 Chora 133 0 34 0 85 14 3 3 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 133 0 67 8 32 26 5 5 Sub-Total 399 0 188 8 163 40 14 14 1 Shahjoy 133 30 15 2 116 0 0 0 Zabul Sub-Total 133 30 15 2 116 0 0 0 Grand-Total 1,550 66 288 14 854 394 23 14

%Total hhds 100.00 4.26 18.58 0.90 55.10 25.42 1.48 0.90

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) Lacking a Tazkira perpetuates the vulnerability of IDP households as it prevents access to services and assistance. This is a particular concern for all the surveyed households, 52.19% of the households were those where only the Head of the Household only had the Tazkira, 42.00% of were households where some additional members had the Tazkira while 5.81% reported that none of the members had the Tazkira. Only 2.45% of the children in all the households surveyed had a birth certificate, while the percentage of households where anyone in the household had the POR Card was only 0.90%.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Lack of Tazkira, Birth Certificate and POR Card # of HHds # of HHds # of HHds # of Hhds # of HHds where where none where Provinc where District where only some of the children in e anyone in Head of people in members the HH the HH has HHd has a the HH in the HH have a a POR Tazkira have a have a birth card Tazkira Tazkira certificate? 1 Zhari 14 124 1 7 1 2 Miwand 13 62 64 25 0 Kandaha Shah Wali Kot 30 33 2 0 0 r 3 4 Khakrez 80 58 1 0 0 Sub-Total 137 277 68 32 1 1 Lashkargah 98 35 4 0 0 Nawa-e- 2 Barakzai 108 25 0 0 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 70 63 0 6 1 4 Garamser 71 60 2 0 0 Sub-Total 347 183 6 6 1 1 Dhiravud 75 58 0 0 1 Urzuga 2 Chora 58 70 5 0 0 n 3 Tarin Kot 88 34 11 0 11 Sub-Total 221 162 16 0 12 1 Shahjoy 104 29 0 0 0 Zabul Sub-Total 104 29 0 0 0 Grand-Total 809 651 90 38 14 %age Total Hhds 52.19 42.00 5.81 2.45 0.90

4.2 HOUSEHOLD HEALTH AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) tuberculosis while 4.000 % of the households had least a mortality in the household because of an illness during the month prior to the survey.

Overall Cash for Food and NFI Beneficiaries Vulnerability & Health Assessment of IDPs # of # of # of Hhds Hhd # of # of # of # of Hhds where s Brea # of # of Hhds Hhds # of # of Hhds having a Provi havi st- Hhds Hhds having District havin Pregn Chroni having any death nce ng feedi Having having Partial g ant cally Ill Fully membe has Brea ng Chroni Children ly Pregn Wom Person Immun r occurr st- Wo cally Ill With No Immun ant en in s in ized under ed feedi men Person Immuniz ized Wom Hhd HHd Childr treatm durin ng in s ation Childr en en ent for g the Wo Hhd en TB last men month 1 Zhari 76 94 7 7 2 2 127 1 11 3 0 2 Miwand 68 85 14 16 25 27 18 1 120 56 2 Kand Shah Wali ahar 3 Kot 50 57 9 9 36 52 7 2 56 30 10 4 Khakrez 89 112 3 4 5 10 1 0 138 5 3 Sub-Total 283 348 33 36 68 91 153 4 325 94 15 Lashkarga 1 h 119 125 0 0 0 0 136 0 1 0 0 Nawa-e- Helma 2 Barakzai 111 130 0 0 0 0 33 0 100 0 0 nd 3 Nad-e-Ali 127 157 2 2 4 4 62 48 23 5 2 4 Garamser 126 158 0 0 20 21 133 0 0 1 0 Sub-Total 483 570 2 2 24 25 364 48 124 6 2 1 Dhiravud 125 136 0 0 0 0 23 5 105 3 19 Urzug 2 Chora 73 85 19 19 1 1 74 16 43 12 15 an 3 Tarin Kot 103 108 20 23 9 10 85 34 14 19 5 Sub-Total 301 329 39 42 10 11 182 55 162 34 39 1 Shahjoy 77 80 52 53 3 3 129 1 3 2 6 Zabul Sub-Total 77 80 52 53 3 3 129 1 3 2 6 1,14 1,32 Grand-Total 4 7 126 133 105 130 828 108 614 136 62 %age Total HHds and 73.8 19.6 8.13 1.97 6.77 0.97 53.42 6.97 39.61 8.77 4.00 Members Present 1 5

4.3 SCHOOL AGE GOING CHILDREN IN IDP HOUSEHOLDS

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Returnees # of # of # of # of # of total school school # of total school school school age boys age girls school Province District age age age in the in the age going girls boys going Hhd that Hhd children present present children are that are currently in the in the present currently currently attending Hhd Hhd in the attending attending school Hhd school school 1 Zhari 202 165 367 81 21 102 2 Miwand 258 161 419 193 106 299 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 83 118 201 2 0 2 4 Khakrez 157 244 401 48 47 95 Sub-Total 700 688 1,388 324 174 498 1 Lashkargah 132 167 299 132 1 133 Nawa-e- 2 Barakzai 163 172 335 157 112 269 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 172 154 326 0 0 0 4 Garamser 123 163 286 0 0 0 Sub-Total 590 656 1,246 289 113 402 1 Dhiravud 156 130 286 0 0 0 2 Chora 177 147 324 0 0 0 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 175 112 287 1 1 2 Sub-Total 508 389 897 1 1 2 1 Shahjoy 212 160 372 175 93 268 Zabul Sub-Total 212 160 372 175 93 268 Grand-Total 2,010 1,893 3,903 789 381 1,170 % age total 51.50 48.50 100.00 67.44 32.56 100.00

4.4 IDP’S SHELTER

Shelter is considered the main priority need of all the IDP households. This is likely linked to poor shelter conditions, with most IDP households living in mud brick shelters which are likely to crack in the summer heat and floods in the winter rain and snow, presenting significant shelter vulnerability. In addition, a very low proportion of IDP households continue to rely on transitional shelters i.e. tents (0.45%) which provide limited structural integrity in the

long-term.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

The ongoing conflict between government security forces and anti-government forces has resulted in the destruction of many homes; particularly in Lashkargah, Nad-e-Ali, Nawa-e-Barakzai and Garamser districts of Helmand province and this has caused more displacements and made the IDPs to live in miserable condition and in need of shelter, NFI and food assistance.

A significant proportion of IDP households who live in their own mud-brick shelters either own their accommodation with or without any kind of documentation or stay for free with the owner’s consent, providing some level of stability.

Half of the IDP households that live free or on rent rely on verbal permission or customary tenure for their tenure status, who mostly anticipate imminent eviction. This strengthens the supposition that further displacements can be expected, leading to exacerbated financial insecurity and greater needs.

Cash For Food Beneficiaries Shelter # of Hhds # of Hhds that are # of Hhds that are currently # of Hhds # of Province District currently currently accomodated living in a Hhds accomdated accomodated in a host's temporary Paying in their in their house and shelter Rent own house host's house are paying (tent) without rent rented house 1 Zhari 75 63 1 0 1 2 Miwand 16 120 2 1 2 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 5 57 0 3 0 4 Khakrez 111 28 0 0 0

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) Sub-Total 207 268 3 4 3 1 Lashkargah 106 31 0 0 0 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 133 0 0 0 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 112 20 1 0 1 4 Garamser 133 0 0 0 0 Sub-Total 484 51 1 0 1 1 Dhiravud 5 36 89 3 89 2 Chora 45 8 80 0 80 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 17 29 87 0 87 Sub-Total 67 73 256 3 256 1 Shahjoy 24 5 104 0 104 Zabul Sub-Total 24 5 104 0 104 Grand-Total 782 397 364 7 364 % of Total Hhds 50.45 25.61 23.48 0.45 23.48

4.5 IDP’S FINANCIAL POSITION The IDPs are involved in many occupations for subsistence and survival in their present hard times. 31.48 % of the households are involved in agriculture as land owners or tenant farmers on host community lands. 0.71% of the households are artisans while majority of the IDPs i.e. 57.87% of the households subsist as daily wage labourers which is mostly seasonal and not available on a regular basis. 6.32% are either self-employed or run small shops in villages; while 2.90 % households earn their living as skilled workers. However, 0.71% households do not do anything and subsist on charity and help from friends and relatives.

Displacement from origin place always brings insecurity to household members, particularly, the displacement makes the households in need of food, shelter, health & WASH facilities. According to the assessment team observations of the IDPs lives, they are living in miserable condition, particularly in conflict hosted areas.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Financial and Asset Assessment of IDPs # of # of Hhds Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds Stating Stating # of Hhds Stating Their Stating Stating Their Their Their Stating Their Current Province District Their Current Current Current Current source of Current source of source of source of source of Income is source of Income is Income is Income Income is through use Income is Agriculture Being An is Daily Shopkeeping of TVET Charity Artisan Wages skill Labour 1 Zhari 30 0 1 105 1 2 2 Miwand 52 2 0 71 5 9 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 21 0 0 44 0 0 4 Khakrez 20 8 0 107 2 2 Sub-Total 123 10 1 327 8 13 1 Lashkargah 1 0 0 117 6 13 Helmand 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 39 0 0 85 6 3

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) 3 Nad-e-Ali 70 0 0 49 5 9 4 Garamser 84 0 0 20 24 5 Sub-Total 194 0 0 271 41 30 1 Dhiravud 64 0 0 69 0 0 2 Chora 48 0 0 75 10 0 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 37 0 0 92 4 0 Sub-Total 149 0 0 236 14 0 1 Shahjoy 22 1 10 63 35 2 Zabul Sub-Total 22 1 10 63 35 2 Grand-Total 488 11 11 897 98 45 %age of Total Hhds 31.48 0.71 0.71 57.87 6.32 2.90

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Financial and Asset Assessment of IDPs # of Hhds that # of Hhds that has # of Hhds that has # of Hhds that has have a single Province District 2 bread earners 3 bread earners 4 bread earners bread earner working who are working who are working who are working who is above 16 years of above 16 years of above 16 years of above 16 years of age age age age 1 Zhari 123 15 1 0 2 Miwand 98 31 8 2 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 44 16 5 0 4 Khakrez 91 42 4 2 Sub-Total 356 104 18 4 1 Lashkargah 102 32 3 0 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 110 22 1 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 110 13 9 1 4 Garamser 86 46 1 0 Sub-Total 408 113 14 1 1 Dhiravud 44 74 5 0 2 Chora 48 52 17 6 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 92 39 2 0 Sub-Total 184 165 24 6 1 Shahjoy 131 2 0 0 Zabul Sub-Total 131 2 0 0 Grand-Total 1,079 384 56 11 %age of Total Hhds 69.61 24.77 3.61 0.71

Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) earn an income between AFN 5,001 to AFN 10,000 per month, while 7.35% of the households earned between AFN 10,001 to AFN 15,000 per month.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Financial and Asset Assessment of IDPs # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds where where where where where where Province District monthly monthly monthly monthly monthly monthly income income income income income income before before before before before before displacement displacement displacement displacement displacement displacement was 1-5,000 was 5001- was 10,001- was 15,001- was 20,001- was 25,001- AFN 10,000 AFN 15,000 AFN 20,000 AFN 25,000 AFN 30,000 AFN 1 Zhari 41 97 1 0 0 0 2 Miwand 85 43 1 0 0 0 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 13 49 3 0 0 0 4 Khakrez 11 100 28 0 0 0 Sub-Total 150 289 33 0 0 0 1 Lashkargah 20 96 21 0 0 0 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 43 77 13 0 0 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 28 85 15 2 3 0 4 Garamser 43 89 11 0 0 0 Sub-Total 134 347 60 2 3 0 1 Dhiravud 105 25 3 0 0 0 2 Chora 70 51 11 1 0 0 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 68 58 5 2 0 0 Sub-Total 243 134 19 3 0 0 1 Shahjoy 8 123 2 0 0 0 Zabul Sub-Total 8 123 2 0 0 0 Grand-Total 535 893 114 5 3 0 %age of Total Hhds 34.52 57.61 7.35 0.32 0.19 0.00

The financial position of the IDPs has deteriorated to a large extent after displacement from their place of origin. 81.87% of the households have moved further down into the poverty threshold and are now earning between AFN 1 to AFN 5,000; while 17.81 % of the households are within the band that is earning between AFN 5,001 to AFN 10,000 per month. Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Financial and Asset Assessment of IDPs # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds where current where current where current where current where current Province District monthly monthly monthly monthly monthly income after income after income after income after income after displacement is displacement is displacement is displacement is displacement is 5001-10,000 10,001-15,000 15,001-20,000 20,001-25,000 1-5,000 AFN AFN AFN AFN AFN Kandahar 1 Zhari 124 15 0 0 0

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) 2 Miwand 127 12 0 0 0 3 Shah Wali Kot 54 11 0 0 0 4 Khakrez 103 36 0 0 0 Sub-Total 408 74 0 0 0 1 Lashkargah 66 70 1 0 0 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 100 33 0 0 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 104 27 2 0 0 4 Garamser 72 60 1 0 0 Sub-Total 342 190 4 0 0 1 Dhiravud 131 1 1 0 0 2 Chora 127 6 0 0 0 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 130 3 0 0 0 Sub-Total 388 10 1 0 0 1 Shahjoy 131 2 0 0 0 Zabul Sub-Total 131 2 0 0 0 Grand-Total 1,269 276 5 0 0 %age of Total Hhds 81.87 17.81 0.32 0.00 0.00

As a result of displacement and loss of their assets, the IDPs continue to live in exacerbated financial insecurity and have greater needs and very less income to survive. As a result of which 58.77 % of the households have contract debts to make their ends meet. 23.61% of the households have debts below AFN 5,000; 15.10 % of the households have contracted between AFN 5,001 to AFN 10,000; while 20.06% of the IDP households have a debt of above AFN 15,000 to pay.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Financial and Asset Assessment of IDPs # of Hhds that # of Hhds that # of Hhds that # of Hhds that # of Hhds that have have have have have Province District contracted contracted contracted contracted contracted debts of 100- debts of 5,001- debts of debts of debts of 5,000 AFN 10,000 AFN 5,001-10,000 10,001-15,000 15,001-20,000 after after AFN after AFN after AFN after displacement displacement displacement displacement displacement 1 Zhari 115 4 0 0 0 2 Miwand 77 22 0 0 0 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 54 7 0 0 0 4 Khakrez 43 3 0 0 0 Sub-Total 289 36 0 0 0 1 Lashkargah 16 1 0 0 0 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 12 4 1 0 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 28 23 3 0 0 4 Garamser 14 10 0 0 0 Sub-Total 70 38 4 0 0 1 Dhiravud 2 38 84 0 0 Urzugan 2 Chora 0 11 78 0 0

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) 3 Tarin Kot 2 18 108 0 0 Sub-Total 4 67 270 0 0 1 Shahjoy 3 93 37 0 0 Zabul Sub-Total 3 93 37 0 0 Grand-Total 366 234 311 0 0 %age of Total Hhds 23.61 15.10 20.06 0.00 0.00

4.6 IDP’S ASSET ASSESSMENT

The asset of the lower middle classes or the poor and poorest all over world has always been livestock and in Afghanistan, livestock is the main source of income and food production.

Similarly, the IDPs in surveyed also had livestock as the only asset which they brought with them or have at the time of the survey. 34.00% of the households reported that they have livestock as main asset.

The IDPs have 483 head of cattle, 324 goats and 258 sheep within the households that have livestock. The women also reported that they have 36 poultry birds within their households.

But as stated in this report that only 31.48% of the households are currently involved in agriculture, which means that at least 1.00% of the households do not have resources to undertake agriculture and need in-kind support such as seeds, fertilizer and availability of irrigation water, if they are to take up agriculture as an occupation or a source of income.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Financial and Asset Assessment of IDPs # of # of Hhds # of # of # of Hhds # of any that have # of Cattle in Goat in Sheep in that # of Hhds Province District other access to Hhds the the the brought that sold any kind agricultural that Hhds Hhds Hhds any kind of asset livestock land to have that that that kind of prior to in the cultivate in livestock have have have asset displacement Hhd current livestock livestock livestock with location them 1 Zhari 12 14 10 5 0 83 11 45 2 Miwand 28 7 49 17 3 20 4 77 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 0 0 0 0 0 32 6 64 4 Khakrez 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 139 Sub-Total 41 21 60 22 3 136 21 325 1 Lashkargah 89 68 22 17 0 14 123 0 Helmand 2 Nawa-e- 95 95 65 62 0 25 108 13

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) Barakzai 3 Nad-e-Ali 66 65 56 75 32 78 58 25 4 Garamser 125 122 42 11 0 42 117 49 Sub-Total 375 350 185 165 32 159 406 87 1 Dhiravud 14 15 11 18 0 60 31 82 2 Chora 11 13 6 3 0 68 42 69 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 59 76 31 28 1 89 7 35 Sub-Total 84 104 48 49 1 217 80 186 1 Shahjoy 27 8 31 22 0 56 78 31 Zabul Sub-Total 27 8 31 22 0 56 78 31 Grand-Total 527 483 324 258 36 568 585 629 %age of Total Hhds 34.00 36.65 37.74 40.58

4.7 ASSISTANCE RECEIVED BY IDP HOUSEHOLDS AND THEIR PLAN TO RETURN

Unfortunately only 3.16% households had so far only received assistance as reported by them. 56.52% reported that they had land in Afghanistan but only 42.90% had the documentation of their land. This finding indicates ongoing vulnerability faced by IDP residents, as growing IDP dependence places further strain on the limited resources within the sites where they are currently present. The percentage of IDP households that intended to remain in their current location was 18.06, while majority of them (80.19%) intended to return to their original place of origin provide the conflict in their areas ended and a safe security situation was guaranteed. As displacement also contributes to economic vulnerability, this highlights the high proportion of IDP residents at risk of exacerbated needs and insecurity.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Returnees # of # of # of # of Hhds HHds Hhds Hhds that # of Hhds # of Hhds that that have Province District that # of Hhds that plan to that have have resources plan to that own plan to return already documentation to build stay in land in move to to the received of land a house their Afghanistan another location assistance ownership on their current location of their plot of location origin land 1 Zhari 26 6 107 0 80 77 0 2 Miwand 43 18 78 0 92 84 0 Shah Wali Kandahar 3 Kot 38 2 25 5 31 27 25 4 Khakrez 139 0 0 0 15 8 0 Sub-Total 246 26 210 5 218 196 25 1 Lashkargah 0 0 137 0 35 0 0 Nawa-e- Helmand 2 Barakzai 0 0 133 0 74 5 0 3 Nad-e-Ali 1 0 132 2 103 70 4 4 Garamser 0 0 133 0 2 1 0

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) Sub-Total 1 0 535 2 214 76 4 1 Dhiravud 0 0 133 0 126 118 66 2 Chora 0 0 133 0 128 120 72 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 3 1 129 41 109 77 29 Sub-Total 3 1 395 41 363 315 167 1 Shahjoy 30 14 103 1 81 78 3 Zabul Sub-Total 30 14 103 1 81 78 3 Grand-Total 280 41 1,243 49 876 665 199 %age total Hhds 18.06 2.65 80.19 3.16 56.52 42.90 12.84

4.8 FOOD AND NUTRITION ASSESSMENT OF IDP HOUSEHOLDS

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Food & Nutrition Assessment # of # of Hhds # of # of # of Hhds # of # of # of # of having Hhds Hhds Hhds Distanc Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Province District access Distanc Distanc eating e to Cookin eating 1 eating 2 eating 3 to a e to e to no Market g their complet complet complet nearb Market Market complet > 10 own e meal e meal e meal y 1-5 5- e meal Kms food per day per day per day Marke Kms 10Kms per day Kms t 1 Zhari 139 70 68 1 139 0 70 69 0 2 Miwand 139 78 56 5 139 0 45 75 19 Kandah 3 Shah Wali Kot 65 17 42 4 65 0 40 25 0 ar 4 Khakrez 139 60 65 14 139 0 18 97 0 Sub-Total 482 225 231 24 482 0 173 266 19 1 Lashkargah 137 137 0 0 137 0 79 55 3 Nawa-e- Helman 2 Barakzai 133 132 1 0 133 0 52 74 7 d 3 Nad-e-Ali 133 133 0 0 133 0 56 65 12 4 Garamser 133 133 0 0 133 0 61 64 8 Sub-Total 536 535 1 0 536 0 248 258 30 1 Dhiravud 133 133 0 0 133 26 51 51 5 Urzugan 2 Chora 133 133 0 0 133 27 49 26 31 3 Tarin Kot 133 133 100 0 133 37 61 30 15

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) Sub-Total 399 399 100 0 399 90 161 107 51 1 Shahjoy 133 133 0 0 133 0 5 119 9 Zabul Sub-Total 133 133 0 0 133 0 5 119 9 Grand-Total 1,550 1,292 332 24 1,550 90 587 750 109 100.0 100.0 %age Total Hhds 0 83.35 21.42 1.55 0 5.81 37.87 48.39 7.03

However, due to their poor financials conditions, 23.81% of the households have to refrain from consuming food of their preference and eat less expensive food for at least 2 days in a week, while the same thing was done by 20.97% households for 3 days in a week; 15.61% for 4 days in a week; by 14.77% households for at least 5 days in a week and 19.39% households refrained for 6 days in a week. Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Food & Nutrition Assessment # of # of # of # of # of # of # of # of Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Relying Relying Relying Relying Relying Relying Relying Relying for 0 for for 3 for 4 for 5 for 6 for 7 Province District for 1 day days on 2days days on days on days on days on days on on less less on less less less less less less preferre preferre preferre preferre preferre preferre preferre preferre d food d food d food d food d food d food d food d food and less and less and less and less and less and less and less and less expensiv expensiv expensiv expensiv expensiv expensiv expensiv expensiv e food e food e food e food e food e food e food e food 1 Zhari 1 2 71 20 36 1 0 8 2 Miwand 0 4 56 59 6 7 0 7 Kandaha 3 Shah Wali Kot 0 0 2 12 11 20 18 2 r 4 Khakrez 0 27 81 12 7 5 5 2 Sub-Total 1 33 210 103 60 33 23 19 1 Lashkargah 0 0 6 18 40 32 36 5 Nawa-e- 2 Barakzai 0 1 12 36 38 32 10 4 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 0 1 22 28 11 33 28 10 4 Garamser 0 0 9 31 32 44 10 7 Sub-Total 0 2 49 113 121 141 84 26 1 Dhiravud 0 1 11 45 39 28 6 3 2 Chora 1 56 31 44 1 0 0 0 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 0 40 67 20 4 2 0 0 Sub-Total 1 97 109 109 44 30 6 3 1 Shahjoy 0 0 1 0 17 25 48 42 Zabul Sub-Total 0 0 1 0 17 25 48 42 Grand-Total 2 132 369 325 242 229 161 90 %age Total Hhds 0.13 8.52 23.81 20.97 15.61 14.77 10.39 5.81

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) 30.13% households for 2 days in a week; by 26.00% households for 3 days in a week; by 16.97% households for 4 days in a week; and by 10.52% households for 5 days in a week.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Food & Nutrition Assessment # of # of # of # of Hhds # of Hhds Hhds Hhds where Hhds # of # of # of where where where consu where Hhds Hhds Hhds consum consum consum mptio consum where where where ption is ption is ption is n is ption is consump consump consump restrict restrict restrict restric restrict tion is tion is tion is Province District ed 0 ed 2 ed 4 ted 7 ed 1 restricte restricte restricte days days days days day for d 3 days d 5 days d 6 days for for for for adults for for for adults adults adults adults in adults in adults in adults in in in in in order order order order order order order order for for small for small for small for for for for small children children children small small small small childre to eat to eat to eat childre childre childre childr n to eat n to eat n to eat n to eat en to eat 1 Zhari 0 8 80 33 11 3 1 6 2 Miwand 1 16 82 28 5 4 1 2 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 0 15 33 10 7 0 0 0 4 Khakrez 0 18 51 63 3 2 0 2 Sub-Total 1 57 246 134 26 9 2 10 1 Lashkargah 0 0 4 32 54 31 16 0 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 0 0 12 53 45 20 3 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 0 4 26 60 21 14 7 0 4 Garamser 0 0 1 29 45 48 10 0 Sub-Total 0 4 43 174 165 113 36 0 1 Dhiravud 0 9 60 50 9 3 2 0 2 Chora 4 62 53 8 6 0 0 0 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 1 56 63 9 4 0 0 0 Sub-Total 5 127 176 67 19 3 2 0 1 Shahjoy 0 0 2 28 53 38 10 5 Zabul Sub-Total 0 0 2 28 53 38 10 5 Grand-Total 6 188 467 403 263 163 50 15 %age Total Hhds 0.39 12.13 30.13 26.00 16.97 10.52 3.23 0.97

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Food & Nutrition Assessment # of # of # of # of # of # of # of # of Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds where where where where where where where where Reduced Reduced Reduced Reduced Reduced Reduced Reduced Reduced Province District number number number number number number number number of meals of meals of meals of meals of meals of meals of meals of meals eaten in eaten eaten eaten eaten eaten eaten eaten a day for 1 for 2 for 3 for 4 for 5 for 6 for 7 for 0 day in a days in days in days in days in days in days in days in week a week a week a week a week a week a week a week 1 Zhari 0 53 50 25 6 2 0 0 2 Miwand 0 83 41 9 4 1 1 0 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 0 41 21 2 1 0 0 0 4 Khakrez 1 46 52 16 16 8 0 0 Sub-Total 1 223 164 52 27 11 1 0 1 Lashkargah 0 0 10 32 33 43 18 1 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 0 7 24 34 23 34 10 1 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 2 38 55 18 14 3 3 0 4 Garamser 0 0 4 41 50 34 4 0 Sub-Total 2 45 93 125 120 114 35 2 1 Dhiravud 9 40 67 10 0 5 0 2 2 Chora 7 80 34 10 2 0 0 0 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 2 84 39 8 0 0 0 0 Sub-Total 18 204 140 28 2 5 0 2 1 Shahjoy 0 0 11 51 41 18 7 5 Zabul Sub-Total 0 0 11 51 41 18 7 5 Grand-Total 21 472 408 256 190 148 43 9 %age Total Hhds 1.35 30.45 26.32 16.52 12.26 9.55 2.77 0.58

Low incomes also were the reason found why the households did not have enough to eat or for them to have restricted, reduced and less nutritious food. They often had to borrow food or rely on help from friends and relatives to make both the ends meet. 21.23% households were found to be borrowing food for at least one day in week; by 30.58% households for 2 days in a week; by 17.81% households for 3 days in a week; by 12.65% households for 4 days in a week; and by 9.35% households for 5 days in a week. Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Food & Nutrition Assessment

# of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds which which which which which which which which borrow borrow borrow borrow borrow borrow borrow borrow Province District food, or food, or food, or food, or food, or food, or food, or food, or rely on rely on rely on rely on rely on rely on rely on rely on help from help from help from help from help from help from help from help from friends friends friends friends friends friends friends friends and and and and and and and and relatives relatives relatives relatives relatives relatives relatives relatives for 0 days for 1 day for 2 days for 3 days for 4 days for 5 days for 6 days for 7 days in a week in a week in a week in a week in a week in a week in a week in a week

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) 1 Zhari 1 15 98 15 9 0 1 0 2 Miwand 2 21 85 19 3 1 0 8 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 18 30 12 4 1 0 0 0 4 Khakrez 2 52 27 16 30 12 0 0 Sub-Total 23 118 222 54 43 13 1 8 1 Lashkargah 0 1 12 57 36 24 6 1 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 0 4 53 27 18 14 16 1 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 11 27 43 33 9 5 3 1 4 Garamser 0 0 23 54 34 19 3 0 Sub-Total 11 32 131 171 97 62 28 3 1 Dhiravud 10 53 52 13 2 3 0 0 2 Chora 9 75 28 17 4 0 0 0 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 0 51 39 8 15 9 6 5 Sub-Total 19 179 119 38 21 12 6 5 1 Shahjoy 0 0 2 13 35 58 16 9 Zabul Sub-Total 0 0 2 13 35 58 16 9 Grand-Total 53 329 474 276 196 145 51 25 %age Total Hhds 3.42 21.23 30.58 17.81 12.65 9.35 3.29 1.61

It was also found that there were a number of households that limited their portion size of cooked food at meal- times so that every member in the household had at least enough to subsist. The percentage of households that did this for at least one day in week was 21.68% households, by 36.00% households for 2 days in a week; by 26.65% households for 3 days in a week; and by 7.42% households for 4 days in a week.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Food & Nutrition Assessment # of # of # of # of # of # of # of # of Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds which which which which which which which which limit limit limit limit limit limit limit limit Province District their their their their their their their their portion portion portion portion portion portion portion portion size at size at size at size at size at size at size at size at mealtime mealtime mealtime mealtime mealtime mealtime mealtime mealtime s for 0 s for 1 s for 2 s for 3 s for 4 s for 5 s for 6 s for 7 days in a day in a days in a days in a days in a days in a days in a days in a week week week week week week week week 1 Zhari 0 25 46 30 16 11 4 7 2 Miwand 0 9 79 40 4 1 3 3 Kandaha r 3 Shah Wali Kot 0 38 17 8 0 2 0 0 4 Khakrez 3 71 48 15 0 0 0 2 Sub-Total 3 143 190 93 20 14 7 12 1 Lashkargah 0 10 40 77 8 1 0 1 Nawa-e- Helmand 2 Barakzai 0 4 57 36 24 8 3 1 3 Nad-e-Ali 0 21 40 43 22 6 1 0 4 Garamser 0 9 79 34 9 2 0 0

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

Sub-Total 0 44 216 190 63 17 4 2 1 Dhiravud 5 38 32 49 4 4 1 0 2 Chora 3 70 21 26 12 1 0 0 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 0 41 68 22 1 1 0 0 Sub-Total 8 149 121 97 17 6 1 0 1 Shahjoy 0 0 31 33 15 15 11 28 Zabul Sub-Total 0 0 31 33 15 15 11 28 Grand-Total 11 336 558 413 115 52 23 42 %age Total Hhds 0.71 21.68 36.00 26.65 7.42 3.35 1.48 2.71

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Food & Nutrition Assessment # of # of # of # of # of # of # of # of Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds which which which which which which which which Province District send send send send send send send send children children children children children children children children to work to work to work to work to work to work to work to work for 0 for 1 for 2 for 3 for 4 for 5 for 6 for 7 days in day in a days in days in days in days in days in days in a week week a week a week a week a week a week a week 1 Zhari 12 63 54 9 0 0 1 0 2 Miwand 20 15 34 59 11 0 0 0 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 53 8 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 Khakrez 52 35 31 0 11 0 10 0 Sub-Total 137 121 123 68 22 0 11 0 1 Lashkargah 137 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 132 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 117 7 5 2 1 1 0 0 4 Garamser 132 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Sub-Total 518 7 6 3 1 1 0 0 1 Dhiravud 27 29 72 3 1 0 0 1 2 Chora 61 53 15 4 0 0 0 0 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 6 86 30 9 1 1 0 0 Sub-Total 94 168 117 16 2 1 0 1 1 Shahjoy 89 1 9 17 3 1 1 0 Zabul Sub-Total 89 1 9 17 3 1 1 0 Grand-Total 838 297 255 104 28 3 12 1 %age Total Hhds 54.06 19.16 16.45 6.71 1.81 0.19 0.77 0.06

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

14.84% of the households stated that their children had to be withdrawn from a nutrition feeding programme because of their displacement.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Food & Nutrition Assessment

# of # of # of Hhds Hhds # of Hhds Hhds where where where where # of # of women men children children Hhds Hhds members members have been Province District have that that have have withdrawn been maintain maintain been been from a affected no food less food affected affected nutrition by the stocks in stocks in by the by the feeding food their their food food programme shortage Hhd Hhd shortage shortage due to their coping coping coping displacement strategies strategies strategies

1 Zhari 117 137 127 55 78 2 2 Miwand 125 125 97 77 62 42 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 63 61 45 65 0 12 4 Khakrez 137 138 93 49 90 39 Sub-Total 442 461 362 246 230 95 1 Lashkargah 42 0 0 121 16 0 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 72 1 45 120 13 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 82 41 106 82 51 16 4 Garamser 2 0 0 133 0 0 Sub-Total 198 42 151 456 80 16 1 Dhiravud 125 123 91 11 122 8 2 Chora 47 116 87 52 81 2 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 28 44 55 52 81 12 Sub-Total 200 283 233 115 284 22 1 Shahjoy 130 132 88 11 122 97 Zabul Sub-Total 130 132 88 11 122 97 Grand-Total 970 918 834 828 716 230

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

%age Total Hhds 62.58 59.23 53.81 53.42 46.18 14.84 In order to know have enough information about the food which the IDPs households have eaten in last 7 days and to know the level of food insecurity and its impact on household members, the food consumption score cards were also used to collect the information from the targeted households. The food consumption score card has been provided by the relevant cluster having questions related to a specific food group.

The result of food consumption score cards show that the targeted IDPs households were insecure in food consumption and not having access to nutritious food for family members. The overall data of HEAT tools and food consumption score cards show the vulnerability of IDPs population in the targeted areas. For sampling, total 84 (70 male and 14 female) food consumption score cards were filled (7 per district) as pre distribution food consumption score cards before the distribution of cash for food. The questions are based on specific food group. The below chart shows the average data of food eaten in last 7 days before the day of the filling the food consumption score cards.

Pre-Food Consumption Score cards data, Average of last 7 days 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 Cereals or Pulses Vegetable Meat, of Sugar Condime Fruits Dairy Oil, fats tubers and nuts s any type ,honey nts Pre-Distribution Average 5.0 2.6 2.6 0.9 0.7 1.8 3.2 3.0 0.9

Pre-Distribution Average

4.9 WASH IN IDP HOUSEHOLDS 59.61% of the households reported that access to available water is often limited by the host community. Another reason for this was stated as being security threats during water collection. Despite limitation by host community, 98.32% households had access to enough drinking water; 90.52 had enough access to bathing water; while 94.00% households had enough access to cooking water.

22.00% of the households got their water from dug-wells; while the source of water for 64.06% of the households was hand pumps. Only 8.00% and 1.35% of the households got their water from streams/river and from kandas or piped source respectively. Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Wash Assessment # of # of # of # of Hhds # of Hhds Hhds Hhds where Hhds having # of Hhds # of Hhds # of Hhds having where access to having access where where where Province District access source water is access to source of source of source of to of limited by to enoug water is water is water is enough water Host enough h Handpum Stream/Riv Pipe/Kand Cookin is Communit Drinkin Bathin p er as g Dugwe y g Water g Water ll Water

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) 1 Zhari 139 137 139 139 0 139 0 0 2 Miwand 139 139 139 139 36 103 0 0 Kandaha 3 Shah Wali Kot 65 64 54 65 16 49 0 0 r 4 Khakrez 139 138 135 139 40 28 0 0 Sub-Total 482 478 467 482 92 319 0 0 1 Lashkargah 3 137 137 137 0 137 0 0 Nawa-e- 2 Barakzai 0 133 133 133 3 130 0 0 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 30 124 130 133 20 74 39 0 4 Garamser 0 133 133 133 0 133 0 0 Sub-Total 33 527 533 536 23 474 39 0 1 Dhiravud 116 127 61 94 73 3 57 0 2 Chora 103 130 120 122 81 33 14 5 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 61 129 90 91 54 51 12 16 Sub-Total 280 386 271 307 208 87 83 21 1 Shahjoy 129 133 132 132 18 113 2 0 Zabul Sub-Total 129 133 132 132 18 113 2 0 Grand-Total 924 1,524 1,403 1,457 341 993 124 21 %age Total Hhds 59.61 98.32 90.52 94.00 22.00 64.06 8.00 1.35

In majority of the households (83.94%) the water was collected by children; and in 12.90% households by the male members. The women collected water in 3.16% of the households only.

Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Wash Assessment # of # of # of # of # of Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds Hhds # of # of where where where where where Hhds # of # of Hhds source source source source source gettin Hhds Hhds Province District where of of of of of g where where water is water water water water water clean water is water is collected is by 1- is by 6- is by is by is by and collecte collecte by 5 10 11-15 16-20 >21 stable d by d by Childre minute minute minute minute minute water Males Females n s walk s walk s walk s walk s walk supply on foot on foot on foot on foot on foot 1 Zhari 2 41 2 79 15 139 117 22 0 2 Miwand 22 63 15 30 9 134 112 21 6 Kandaha 3 Shah Wali Kot 26 32 4 3 0 24 36 26 3 r 4 Khakrez 56 80 3 0 0 139 139 0 0 Sub-Total 106 216 24 112 24 436 404 69 9 Helmand 1 Lashkargah 0 0 135 2 0 137 137 0 0

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) Nawa-e- 2 Barakzai 23 20 90 0 0 133 129 4 0 3 Nad-e-Ali 93 14 19 7 0 87 109 24 0 4 Garamser 82 33 18 0 0 100 133 0 0 Sub-Total 198 67 262 9 0 457 508 28 0 1 Dhiravud 3 24 13 49 41 61 129 1 3 2 Chora 42 62 19 8 6 121 95 35 3 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 55 65 11 1 5 94 63 51 19 Sub-Total 100 151 43 58 52 276 287 87 25 1 Shahjoy 27 85 5 15 1 79 102 16 15 Zabul Sub-Total 27 85 5 15 1 79 102 16 15 Grand-Total 431 519 334 194 77 1,248 1,301 200 49 %age Total Hhds 27.81 33.48 21.55 12.52 4.97 80.52 83.94 12.90 3.16

Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries

Wash Assessment

# of Hhds # of # of Hhds where the Hhds that do # of latrine Province District # of Hhds that # of Hhds not have Hhds provide you that have a have a that have a a latrine that with enough family pit VIP Community and have a privacy, latrine family pit latrine defecate latrine safety, pit in the dignity for latrine open all uses

1 Zhari 139 110 121 16 1 1 2 Miwand 139 65 49 44 0 46 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 65 21 18 4 3 40

4 Khakrez 139 16 107 1 0 31

Sub-Total 482 212 295 65 4 118 1 Lashkargah 137 100 137 0 0 0 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 133 100 130 0 2 1 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 128 86 72 0 26 35

4 Garamser 133 133 133 0 0 0

Sub-Total 531 419 472 0 28 36 1 Dhiravud 123 113 85 27 16 5 Urzugan 2 Chora 119 74 20 6 47 60

3 Tarin Kot 104 82 62 14 24 33

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

Sub-Total 346 269 167 47 87 98

1 Shahjoy 80 79 78 0 4 51 Zabul

Sub-Total 80 79 78 0 4 51

Grand-Total 1,439 979 1,012 112 123 303

%age Total Hhds 92.84 63.16 65.29 7.23 7.94 19.55

4.10 IMMEDIATE NON-FOOD ITEMS NEEDED BY IDP HOUSEHOLDS

The most immediate assistance that the IDPs stated in the current condition was that at the time of the survey 93.10% were in need of non-food items including kitchen items, fuel, clothes, blankets, water containers and hygiene kits.

82.58 households were found to be in need of standard blankets and bedding followed by warm clothing needed by 85.16% households, 68.06% needed fuel (70%), indicating significant concerns for the winters.

In particular, women and children in IDP households were found to be also in need of hygiene items reported by 73.94% of households, while 55.68% households stated they needed standard big size water containers to store drinking and bathing water.

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Returnees # of # of # of Hhds # of # of Hhds # of Hhds Hhds that have Hhds Hhds Province District that that have that a need that that have a a need for have a for have a have a need for Water need for Kitchen need for need for Warm Container Hygiene items Fuel Blankets Clothes items 1 Zhari 139 139 139 139 96 103 2 Miwand 139 139 139 88 139 138 Kandahar 3 Shah Wali Kot 63 64 55 58 57 57 4 Khakrez 139 139 139 139 139 139 Sub-Total 480 481 472 424 431 437 1 Lashkargah 132 7 89 104 0 47 2 Nawa-e-Barakzai 133 6 129 114 1 61 Helmand 3 Nad-e-Ali 130 37 103 93 20 82 4 Garamser 133 0 99 108 0 58 Sub-Total 528 50 420 419 21 248 1 Dhiravud 133 133 133 133 133 133 2 Chora 133 133 133 133 133 133 Urzugan 3 Tarin Kot 133 133 133 133 133 133 Sub-Total 399 399 399 399 399 399 1 Shahjoy 36 125 29 38 12 62 Zabul Sub-Total 36 125 29 38 12 62

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT)

Grand-Total 1,443 1,055 1,320 1,280 863 1,146 %age total Hhds 93.10 68.06 85.16 82.58 55.68 73.94

4.11 NEEDS PRIORITIZED BY THE IDP HOUSEHOLDS

Each household during the survey was asked to identify their needs and all of the households surveyed came up with long and varied need lists. They were asked to prioritize and identify their immediate needs from their need lists. As a result of discussions and deliberations with the household members, 16.00% households identified food and food items as their most prioritized need; 11.74% households identified education as being the next most immediate prioritized need and 11.68% of the households identified non-food items (NFIs) as the third most prioritized need. Other needs identified by the surveyed households in terms of percentages that followed were job-employment (10.77%); financial support (8.65%); safe security (7.81%); presence of hospitals and clinics (5.10%); winterization items-tools and fuel (4.97%); temporary shelter (3.875); support for agriculture (seed and fertilizer)–(3.61%); and drinking water (3.48%).

Overall Cash For Food and NFI Beneficiaries Prioritized Needs Identified by # of IDP Households Foo Non Provin d Foo District Finan Winterizati Suppor Drink ce and d Safe Tempo Educa Employ cial Hea on t For ing Foo Ite Secu rary tion ment Suppo lth Items/Tool Agricul Wate d ms rity Shelter rt s/Fuel ture r Ite (NF ms Is) 1 Zhari 35 19 2 4 6 1 3 33 28 0 1 2 Miwand 19 28 5 10 4 0 0 5 6 1 17 Kanda Shah Wali har 3 Kot 20 19 0 4 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 4 Khakrez 37 24 0 32 0 46 0 0 0 0 0 Sub-Total 111 90 7 50 10 69 3 38 34 1 18 1 Lashkargah 6 17 13 25 5 9 11 6 0 15 2 Nawa-e- Helma 2 Barakzai 8 20 11 20 2 4 18 10 0 8 4 nd 3 Nad-e-Ali 4 18 13 24 4 10 11 6 0 16 3 4 Garamser 5 15 13 23 6 11 12 1 0 16 5 Sub-Total 23 70 50 92 17 34 52 23 0 55 14 1 Dhiravud 43 4 42 0 40 3 0 0 0 0 0 Urzug 2 Chora 43 0 43 1 42 3 0 0 0 0 0 an 3 Tarin Kot 24 5 28 13 23 12 3 0 1 0 0 Sub-Total 110 9 113 14 105 18 3 0 1 0 0 1 Shahjoy 4 13 11 11 2 0 21 16 25 0 22 Zabul Sub-Total 4 13 11 11 2 0 21 16 25 0 22 Grand-Total 248 182 181 167 134 121 79 77 60 56 54 16. 11.6 % of Total Hhds 00 11.74 8 10.77 8.65 7.81 5.10 4.97 3.87 3.61 3.48

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) 5. RECOMMENDATIONS:

The overall objective of the future Projects should be to contribute to contribute to activities that lead to decreasing the vulnerability of Afghan IDP households especially the women and children in the four provinces where the survey has been carried out (12 districts) to increase access to food security, land and shelter, including WASH facilities and to increase resilience amongst the IDPs. The following recommendations are advised for being taken up in any future project that is implemented to assist the surveyed IPDs to build up and to increase resilience of IDP families particularly the women and children members of the IDP households:-

5.1 HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS

The project should try and assist the IDP in getting Tazkiras made for all the members of the household, all the children should be got registered and birth certificates cards be issued for them.

5.2 HEALTH

All the children should be immunized so that they complete immunization for diseases like polio, TB, diphtheria, malaria, typhoid, tetanus, measles, whooping cough, influenza and small pox. There is need of extension of awareness programs to remote areas and to educate the parents to immunize their children and there is need of concrete efforts to convince the communities about the importance of children immunization. There is also need to watch the returnees who are expected to come from Pak-Iran and they will be the part of the communities, so it is suggested to expand the efforts of children immunization to this will save the communities from certain illness which will result in food security in the form of saving budget from health issues.

It is seen common that with the decrease of rain fall and change in the seasons raining, the rate of certain diseases also rise up in human and animal. According to the reports and weather scientific models show that the entire Afghanistan is hit by the drought and very low precipitation. The drought is going to hit southern region very hard in upcoming months because, very little rain participation or no participation compare to previously years, as southern region would normally receive 185mm rain, but this year highest is only 56mm rain, this is strong signal of drought and this will also result in the increase of health issues in the form of diseases and food insecurity.

5.3 EDUCATION

Obviously the future project cannot construct schools, however effort should be made to establish and run community managed schools/centers, for which local mentors may be given training by the project to the local educated females and male and then target the children not going to schools. The project can provide books, edu-aids to such centers. Ministry of education and other agencies are doing efforts in spreading the education, this will be more effective to also target the communities living in remote areas and having large no of children who are not attending the schools or any other education centers. The northern areas are mostly hit by the armed conflicts and also cause more displacement and leave the people in vulnerability, with this large no, most of the

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) IDPs children also remain from getting education which makes great total of new generation. The project can support in having basic course for educating these children and by providing support.

5.4 SHELTER

IDP females.

The recent and ongoing armed conflicts have resulted in the destruction of several houses, particularly in Helmand province. During the assessments, it was observed that many houses have been fully and partially destroyed and the families have escaped from their homes. This has displacement has put the family members in high vulnerability in context of food insecurity, WASH facilities and non-food items. This is observed that if these families return to their place of origin, still they will be having hard time due to not having shelter which have been destroyed/damaged.

The project could arrange resources for the IDPs who currently reside in host community houses to construct their own mud-brick shelters. The project can also lobby with the donors and policy makers in the government to for getting Afghan Government to provide government to those IDPs who do not have land to construct their own houses.

5.5 FINANCIAL SUPPORT

Financial stability leads to success in life in having approach to most of the needed items. Generally, most of the people of Afghanistan depend on agriculture and livestock and apply the ancient practices which result in low production and also result in motivating the farmers to cultivate poppies.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) The armed conflicts result in displacement and the destruction of agriculture lands and the drought also puts number on the vulnerability of population which result in weak financial backup and put the lives in danger.

So there is always need to provide financial support to the displaced population to maintain their daily life and survive in emergency. The cash support is mostly welcomed as the cash support can enable the communities’ hands to gain access to the items which they need the most and matter the most for them as life-saving assistance. The cash support gives them free hands in having the most needed items whether that is food, health, shelter or WASH.

The project can also lobby with the micro finance institutions in Afghanistan to provide micro finance loans to IDPs for starting businesses, having livestock for income generating purpose to fulfill the institutional requirements. Male and female IDP household members can also be given vocational training to strengthen their existing or to build up and develop new skills which may enable them to either get self-employed or to start new entrepreneurial activities. The micro finance institutions can also lend micro finance to such trainees to start their own income generating tasks.

5.6 ASSET DEVELOPMENT

5.7 FOOD & NUTRITION

Availability of nutrition and food is always considered the most life-saving assistance in the world and also owns high number in basic needs for life. The armed conflicts which result in the displacement jeopardizes the lives of IDPs population. Displacement from origin place always result in food insecurity because the household’s access to their agriculture lands, any other income generating source is limited or even fully finished due to armed conflicts.

In the light of the above assessment result and direct observations of staff that the IDPs families are having very poor condition in context of food security and access to nutritious food which puts the displaced population in more vulnerability and this can be applied to a great number of population to have an idea of overall condition of targeted areas.

There are number of other reasons which trigger the upcoming hard time for the population in the southern region in conflict areas. a. Continuation of armed conflicts in these areas will spread more with the coming of summer and it will cause more displacement and put more people in danger. The intentions of government forces and Talibans will bring more conflicts and have more destructions due to the use of heavy artillery and

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) airstrikes. This will surely increase the need of assistance in the form of shelter, food, WASH & standard NFI kits. b. Returnees from Pakistan and Iran will be coming in large number and the returnees will definitely need assistance. According to the reports that the influx of returnees will be more than a million in 2018. The good response planning and ensuring good opportunity by Government and Humanitarian Agencies in host country will motivate the returnees to come back. It is expected that most of the returnees will remain in southern provinces coming from Pakistan and they will be the part of the existing communities. This influx will certainly lead to humanitarian crisis and there will be more need of assistance. c. Drought is the most alarming threat to be witnessed during the year 2018. This drought will result in not having enough production from Afghanistan agriculture lands. The scientific models show that entire Afghanistan has been affected by drought and similarly the drought affected cultivation in neighboring countries like Pakistan and Kazakhstan that are main import hub of wheat/wheat flour for Afghanistan.  Especially Kazakhstan where Afghanistan purchase its 80% of wheat deficit from there, upcoming 3 months there will be no rainfall and temperature will increase tremendously as of now there is already signed releveled. This will cause the crop posture to be dramatically effected and food insecurity chances will increase.  Approximately less than 56 mm average rainfall was received in the southern region. The range of rainfall is not sufficient to meet the minimum requirements of local Agriculture, pasture and livestock. The entire region has been affected by dry-spell. The harvest is not possible because of low rainfall in Oct 2017-Feb 2018. The region has two season of harvest.  Estimates for aggregate 2017 domestic wheat harvests indicate production of 14 percent below the five-year average, due to very poor rain fed wheat production in a number of provinces after below-average cumulative precipitation and extended periods of dryness during crop development. This is likely to have an adverse impact on household food reserves for many poor households in these areas.  The most likely scenario during spring rain fed wheat planting and early crop development (March/April) is far below-average cumulative precipitation, with increased risk for extended periods of dryness. The recent rainfall of March 2018 is late raining and could not help for the missed cropping season.  During the 2017/2018 wet season, including Afghanistan there remains a large spread of possible precipitation outcomes for the season. Near-surface air temperatures are expected to be above both the long-term and short-term average, which could have implications on snowpack in mid- elevation areas but also, could lead to earlier spring rainfall in some areas.  About 1.9 million people will be affected by drought in Afghanistan.  The collected information for the DAIL departments in Zabul, Helmand, Nimroz and Uruzgan Province shows that low rainfall (30 to 56 mm), low water table in the region, lack of technical staff and lack of seeds are their major concerns which are the bad signs for maintaining food security.  The drought is going to hit southern region very hard in upcoming months( July/June), because, very little rain participation or no participation compare to previously years, as southern region would normally receive 185mm rain, but this year highest is only 56mm rain, this is strong signal of drought. The water table is already down, it will further deplete water table, may cause possible displacement within province(s) or beyond.  Nutrition status of children is not good in southern region, there is need to cover nutritional issues not only treatment as well the awareness as this the essential part for the future generation, preventing the stunting in cycles.

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) By having the whole scenario of armed conflicts, influx of large no of returnees and the more important the drought will create food insecurity and nutrition in southern region provinces. This indicates that there will be more need of assistance to maintain food security as a life-saving assistance.

As effort for supplementing food security and fulfilling nutritional requirements of the IDP households, the future project can assist them by providing cash for food, support for agriculture through provision of seeds and fertilizer to those IDPs that have agricultural land to increase the production. The women can be given backyard kitchen gardening training along with provision of seasonal seeds for planting in the kitchen gardens. The poultry package can help in making available eggs for household consumption and also being sold in the market.

5.8 WASH

WASH also remains the most important in context of health. Water is the essential part of life and where water flows there flows human and livestock lives. The poor WASH practices of WASH and lack of facilities result in in more WASH related issues. According to the assessment findings and filed observations, people have access to water in different forms but lacking the clean drinking water. The water that is being used cannot come in the category of safe drinking water. According to the report above report on expected drought, the water level has gone down and many water wells will stop producing water. As the water level goes down, there is need of more energy to take out the water from the heart of earth. 59.61% of the households reported that access to available water is often limited by the host community. Another reason for this was stated as being security threats during water collection.

The available source of water was 1-5 minutes walking distance from 27.81% households; 6-10 minutes walking distance for 33.48% households; 11-15 minutes walking distance for 21.55% households; and 16-20 minutes walking distance for 12.52% households. 80.52% households having enough water for use. The availability of clean drinking water is the most important factor in maintaining WASH. The upcoming drought will create WASH issues and the poor practices in storing the water at household level is the most critical issue in having safe drinking water.

In creating scenario of WASH need from the assessed 1550 households, there is need of water sources to be built and rehabilitated and to apply this other population, there will be more need. There is need to have standard water reserving sources for families rather than simple plastic buckets.

A large no of water wells are in the condition to stop producing water and large no of water wells need immediate repairing and upgradation. Most of the people depend on hand pumps, according to the field

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Common Humanitarian Fund (CHF) Funded Project Implemented by: HRDA Narrative Report on Household Emergency Assessment (HEAT) observation in targeted villages that there is need of rehabilitation of water wells and hand pumps to keep the smooth supply of clean water.

Safe latrines is also the most important factor in counting WASH issues. Everyone defecates but there is need of safe places for defecating. The poor practices in defecating places, unavailability of hygiene and sanitation at households is the key challenge in countering WASH issues. Poor defecating places result in serious health issues which also result to put the household in problems in context of maintaining financial stability.

According to the assessment finding 92.84% of the households had latrines. However, only 63.16 % of the households said that these latrines provided enough privacy, safety and dignity for all kind of uses. 65.29% of the households had family pit latrines; only 7.23 % had VIP family pit latrines. 7.94% of the households used a common community pit latrine, while 19.55% of the households defecated in the open areas.

The unavailability of hygiene material is also the cause of hygiene issues. Poor practices of hygiene and lack of awareness is the key challenge. In order to maintain hygiene and sanitation in population, there is need of hygiene & sanitation awareness campaigns/trainings and need for standard hygiene kits.

The future project can provide wash facilities, hygiene kits, hygiene trainings and material to the IDP households especially those that are defecating in the open to assist them to construct pit latrines for their use.

5.9 NEEDS AND CONCLUSION

In a broad picture of assessment findings and narrative report and direct observations of the IDPs displacement settlements and their condition. By looking to the upcoming possible armed conflicts, drought, and influx of returnees from neighboring countries, there will be more need of life-saving assistance in the form of cash for food, standard non-food items, construction of shelters, and provision of shelter items, hygiene kits and assistance in WASH by the construction and rehabilitation of water hand pumps, provision of material for latrines. There is need to extend the assistance to the armed conflict areas, hard to reach areas and target the most vulnerable population by applying good communication, skills and the access ability to the hard to reach areas.

End

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