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Afghanistan Housing Profile AFGHANISTAN Ministry of Urban Development and Housing Islamic Republic of Afghanistan AFGHANISTAN HOUSING PROFILE AFGHANISTAN HOUSING PROFILE Prepared by Michael Majale in collaboration with the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing. First published in Nairobi in May 2017 by UN-Habitat. Copyright © United Nations Human Settlements Programme 2017 Produced by the Housing Unit United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) P. O. Box 30030, 00100 Nairobi GPO KENYA Tel: 254-020-7623120 (Central Office) www. unhabitat.org HS Number: HS/024/17E ISBN Number (Series): 978-92-1-131927-9 ISBN Number (Volume): 978-92-1-132738-0 DISCLAIMER The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers of boundaries. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, the United Nations, or its Member States. Excerpts may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Supervisor: Christophe Lalande Task Manager: Fernanda Lonardoni Principal Author: Michael Majale Contributors: Christopher Feather, Fernanda Lonardoni, Gregor Herda and Jesus Salcedo National Profile Team Coordinators: Parul Agarwala, Hiroshi Takabayashi Design and layout: Mohammad Ahsan Saadat Financial Support: The present document was produced upon the request of His Excellency Sayed Sadat Mansoor Naderi, Minister of Urban Development and Housing of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, with the supported of the Municipal Governance Support Programme (MGSP) finances by the European Union (EU). CONTRIBUTORS: UN-Habitat acknowledges the contributions of all the individuals and organizations whose names are listed below and those who contributed to the consultation workshops and interviews. UN-Habitat would like to express its great appreciation to the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing for their continued support and commitment to the development of the Afghanistan Housing Profile. The team gratefully acknowledges the valuable comments and peers review by: (H.E. Ajmal Shams, Faisal Jabarkhil, Sayed Osman Sadat, Mowluddin Popal, Humayoun Faiz, Kaliq Nemat, Mohammad Eisa Naweed, Abdul Majeed Noori, Abdullah Habibzai, Yunus Salik, Mohammad Nabi Zhman, Hameedullah, Muneer Ahmad, Abdul Basir, Hanifullah Rahimi, Mohammad Tariq Aziz, Sayed Sarwaruddin, Fiona Gallm Nazar Mohammad Stanikzai, Abdul Akbar Rashidi, Asad Zafari, Bahram Barzin, Habib Ur-Rahman, Ida Lien, Noorullah Farajid, Manuel Vega-Cuberos, Mariam Maihandost. A special thanks is also due to UN-Habitat’s Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (ROAP) for all the valuable support and contribution during the making of this publication. UN-Habitat acknowledges the contributions of all the individuals and organizations whose names are listed below and those who contributed to the consultation workshops and interviews. In Preparing the Afghanistan Housing Profile, the team has benefited from discussions with: MUDH, KM, ARAZI, CRIDA, MRRD, IDLG/DMM, MoF, MoE, ABA, AB. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii AFGHANISTAN HOUSING PROFILE TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments ..............................................................................................................iii Acronyms and Abbreviations .............................................................................................viii Foreword H.E Minister of Urban Development and Housing .............................................xii Foreword Executive Director of UN-Habitat .....................................................................xiii Executive Summary ...........................................................................................................xiv Key Massages ........................................................................................................................................... xii The institutional framework for housing .................................................................................................... xii Housing supply ......................................................................................................................................... xii Housing need ........................................................................................................................................... xii Land ........................................................................................................................................................ xiii Housing Finance ....................................................................................................................................... xiii Infrastructure............................................................................................................................................ xiii Construction industry................................................................................................................................ xiv Housing market ........................................................................................................................................ xiv Ways forward ........................................................................................................................................... xiv 01. BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE COUNTRY......................................................................1 History, Demography, Economy and Governance........................................................................................ 1 Urbanisation and current urban issues ...................................................................................................... 6 1 Urban poverty and urban inequality .......................................................................................................... 6 THousing as a basic need, human right and as an economic sector.............................................................9 Cross-cutting issues..................................................................................................................................10 02. Institutional framework: Key Actors in the Housing Sector ........................................17 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 17 Central Government ................................................................................................................................. 17 2 Local Government .................................................................................................................................... 18 Independent government agencies............................................................................................................ 22 The formal private sector .......................................................................................................................... 23 International development partners .......................................................................................................... 24 Informal and household sectors ................................................................................................................ 25 Brief conclusion ........................................................................................................................................ 25 03. Policy, Legal and Regulatory Frameworks related to Housing ....................................27 Policy context .......................................................................................................................................... 27 Legal framework ...................................................................................................................................... 27 Regulatory framework .............................................................................................................................. 29 3 Brief conclusion ........................................................................................................................................ 29 04. HOUSING NEED IN URBAN AREAS ...............................................................................31 Situation analysis ..................................................................................................................................... 31 4 Housing need and demand ....................................................................................................................... 31 Brief conclusion ........................................................................................................................................ 32 05. HOUSING SUPPLY .........................................................................................................34 Housing Conditions .................................................................................................................................. 34 Tenure and occupancy .............................................................................................................................. 35 5 Housing construction materials ................................................................................................................. 37 Housing
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