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Documento (.Pdf) REVISTA DE ESTUDOS LINGUÍSTICOS DA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO VOL. 7, 2012 FICHA TÉCNICA Linguística Revista de Estudos Linguísticos da Universidade do Porto Vol. 7, 2012 ISSN: 1646-6195 Periodicidade: Anual Diretora: Ana Maria Brito Secretariado Editorial: João Veloso Editores: Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto e Centro de Linguística da Universidade do Porto Capa: José Osswald Impressão e acabamentos: Invulgar - Artes Gráficas Depósito Legal: 248653/06 Tiragem: 200 Exemplares Os artigos publicados estão sujeitos a “peer review”. Esta edição é integralmente financiada por: Centro de Linguística da Universidade do Porto O Centro de Linguística da Universidade do Porto é uma Unidade de I&D financiada pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (PEst/LIN/UI0022/2011). A Revista está registada no DOAJ e Latindex e está indexada na base de dados Fonte Académica. http://ler.letras.up.pt/site/default.aspx?qry=id04id191&sum=sim SUMÁRIO Espaço da direção........................................................................................... 5 Artigos Copular alternation in Spanish and Catalan attributive sentences Juan Maria Brucart…………...........…………………………………………………… 9 As segmentações não convencionais da escrita inicial: um estudo sobre o troqueu silábico e sua relação com o ritmo linguístico do PB e do PE Ana Paula Nobre da Cunha……………………………………………………..………. 45 Sobre a iteração do Pretérito Perfeito Composto em Português Europeu Fátima Oliveira, António Leal………………………………………………..………… 65 Saramaccan, A very mixed language: Systematicity in the distribution of function words? Norval Smith……………….………………………………………………………………. 89 Apuntes para un análisis etnográfico, crítico y multimodal: sobre algunos géneros discursivos de presentación y oferta Lluís Payrató………………………………………………………………………………. 101 “Vou buscar ali, ali acima!” A multimodalidade da deixis no português europeu Isabel Galhano……………………………………………………………………………. 129 Everybody knows English? Language use in the world of learning Krista Varantola…………………………………………………………………………….. 165 Code switching in student-student interaction: functions and reasons! Rita Amorim………………………………………………………………………………… 177 Recensões P. Backley: An Introduction to Element Theory João Veloso………………………………………………………………………………… 199 K. D. Harrison: When Languages Die: The Extinction of the World’s Languages and the erosion of Human Knowledge Joaquim Barbosa……………………………....………………………………………….. 205 B. D. Samuels: Phonological Architecture: A Biolinguistic Approach Pedro Martins………………………….…………………………………………………… 209 P. Sleeman & H. Perridon (Eds.): The Noun Phrase in Romance and Germanic. Structure, variation and change Ana Maria Brito………………………………………………………………..………….. 217 M. Vihla: Medical Writing. Modality in Focus Maria da Graça Lisboa Castro Pinto……………………………………………………. 223 Varia Recordando Rosa Virgínia Mattos e Silva Ana Maria Brito e Clara Barros……………………….............…………..………….. 233 Instructions to Authors………...............……........…………………………………… 235 Espaço da Direção O presente número de Linguística. Revista de Estudos Linguísticos da Universidade do Porto reúne textos de Linguística (nas áreas da Sintaxe, da Fonologia, da Semântica e da Crioulística) e outros que se situam em áreas interdisciplinares. José Maria Brucart analisa a seleção de verbo copulativo (em particular ser / estar) nas orações atributivas do Espanhol e do Catalão, numa perspetiva sintático-semântica. Ana Paula Nobre da Cunha quer demonstrar a relevância do troqueu silábico na inserção de espaço dentro dos limites da palavra ou na supressão de espaço entre fronteiras vocabulares no Português Brasileiro e no Português Europeu. Fátima Oliveira e António Leal analisam o Pretérito Perfeito Composto do Indicativo em Português Europeu, identificando, em particular, as condições que estão na base da leitura iterativa desse tempo verbal. Norval Smith estuda o Saramaccan, um dos crioulos falados no Suriname e geralmente considerado de base lexical inglesa e portuguesa, analisando palavras funcionais de origem portuguesa. Seguem-se quatro textos que, de diferentes modos, se situam no cruzamento de várias áreas científicas mas todas tendo como ponto de partida a linguagem em relação com outra realidade: a imagem, o gesto, a educação e a política linguística, a aprendizagem. Lluís Payrató analisa alguns textos escritos e imagens do quotidiano na confluência entre a Etnografia da Comunicação e a Análise de Discurso. Isabel Galhano estuda a multimodalidade da deixis na interação face a face, em particular os gestos de apontar, cruzando a Análise do Discurso, a Análise Conversacional, a Linguística Interacional, a Etnografia da Comunicação e os Estudos do Gesto. Krista Varantola analisa o uso do Inglês como língua global de comunicação na educação superior do ponto de vista histórico e pragmático, discutindo os efeitos do uso de uma “língua franca” na vida universitária. Finalmente, Rita Amorim, a partir de uma experiência de ensino do Inglês, analisa o modo como os falantes que aprendem uma língua estrangeira resolvem os problemas de falta de léxico, usando o code switching. Seguem-se cinco recensões de obras recentes em várias áreas da Linguística ou em disciplinas afins. Esperamos que este número da Revista suscite interesse e tenha bom acolhimento por parte da comunidade linguística e seja, uma vez mais, a prova da vitalidade da Linguística e das Ciências da Linguagem na Universidade do Porto e no Centro de Linguística desta Universidade. Ana Maria Brito julho de 2012 Artigos Copular alternation in Spanish and Catalan attributive sentences* José María Brucart [email protected] Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain ABSTRACT. This paper deals with copular selection in Spanish and Catalan attributive clauses. We develop an analysis of the copular alternation that is based on the relation of coincidence. Locative attributives, the class of copular sentences that has received less attention in the literature, are analyzed in detail. It is concluded that locative attributives express an abstract path; that is, a terminal coincidence relation between a figure (the entity that is located) and a ground (the location). The use of estar in these sentences is justified by the fact that this copula has an interpretable terminal coincidence feature that can license its uninterpretable counterpart in the attributive clause. Nevertheless, ser –the default copula– can also co-occur in locative attributives when the notion of bounded path is already incorporated in the entity that is being located. This is the case in Catalan, which uses a –a preposition that expresses a limit– instead of en –a central coincidence preposition. The copula ser also appears in the location of eventive entities and in path noun constructions. The terminal coincidence feature of estar can also superimpose a delimiting aspectual boundary to the attributive relation when there is no uninterpretable terminal coincidence feature to value in it. In these cases, evidential and sensorial readings are conveyed. Finally, a possible analysis is sketched for the differences in the selection of the copula between Spanish and Catalan with participles and perfective adjectives. It is suggested that the selection of estar in these cases may be due to the fact that both classes have a weaker functional structure in Spanish than in Catalan. KEY WORDS. Attributive sentences, copular verbs, locative attributives, aspect, terminal coincidence, individual-level and stage-level predicates. * This paper is a reduced and substantially revised version of two previous talks given at the V Encuentro de Gramática Generativa, held at the Universidad Nacional del Comahue (General Roca, Argentina) in July 2009, and at the inaugural session for the 2010 edition of the Màster de Ciència Cognitiva i Llenguatge (Bellaterra, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain) in November 2010. The Spanish version of the first contribution appeared in the proceedings of the conference as Brucart (2010). I am grateful to the audiences of both presentations for their insightful and helpful comments. Special thanks are also due to Antonio Fábregas for his valuable remarks regarding a previous manuscript, and to Gemma Rigau for providing me with relevant data for Catalan. Needless to say, all remaining errors are attributable only to me. This research has been funded by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of the Spanish Government (project FFI2011-29440-C03-01) and the Generalitat de Catalunya (project 2009SGR-1079). 10 Brucart, José María - Copular alternation in Spanish and Catalan attributive sentences Revista de Estudos Linguísticos da Univerdade do Porto - Vol. 7 - 2012 - 9 - 43 1. Introduction The existence of an attributive system with two copular verbs (ser and estar) is one of the most characteristic features of Iberian Romance languages. From a typological perspective, having more than one copula is by no means a strange phenomenon: many languages in the world share this trait, as is widely attested in the literature (see for instance Pustet 2003). However, multi-copular systems can be organized following different functional criteria. In some cases (as in Lakota or Akan), the opposition expresses the contrast between ascriptive and identificational attributives. In others (Irish, Japanese), there is at least one copula specifically linked to locative or temporal attributives. In all the above-mentioned cases, the line dividing the use of the corresponding copulas seems clear-cut: there is a complementary distribution
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