What's Cooking @ IBM Research

What’s Cooking @ IBM Research

Summer 2011

On May 17, 2011, IBM and ETH Zurich hosted 650 guests from industry, academia and government, to open a cutting-edge Nanotechnology Center on the campus of IBM Research – Zurich.

Here scientists will research novel structures and devices to advance energy and information technologies.

A unique facility for exploratory research not available elsewhere • Not a production or a pilot line with fixed processes and fixed wafer size • Exploratory clean room fabrication capability combined with ultra-isolated, “noise-free” labs

Unique skills and expertise at IBM Research - Zurich • The birthplace of nanotechnology: Nobel Prize in Physics for the Scanning Tunneling Microscope in 1986 and a huge variety of breakthroughs in nanoscience

Leveraging IBM’s presence in Europe • Leading talent in nanotechnology, major government initiatives

Landmark public-private partnership • 10-year strategic partnership between IBM and ETH Zurich

For the first time in Switzerland, industry and academia are creating a shared research infrastructure.

The facility is a centerpiece of a 10-year strategic partnership in nanoscience between IBM and ETH Zurich, a premiere European science and engineering university.

• A joint investment for outstanding science and technology • A vibrant environment for discovery and innovation in micro- and nanotechnology • A unique meeting point for interdisciplinary research across all disciplines • A model for strong public private partnership

• IBM constructs building • ETH leases space (cleanroom, offices, off-line labs) • Contract for a minimum of 10 years • ETH contributes to operating costs • Capital equipment costs shared between ETH and IBM • ETH professorships located at Nanotech Center • Both joint and individual research projects

Zurich’s “magic” triangle of nanoscience

Leading-edge science requires a leading-edge infrastructure – at the Binnig and Rohrer Nanotechnology Center industry and academia are creating it together.

• Cleanroom ~ 950 m 2 • Noise-free laboratories • Off-line labs and offices • Total floor space ~ 6’500 m 2

• A “user” facility • Cleanroom class 100/1000 • No fixed wafer size • Flexibility is important

• Limitation of electromagnetic fields by passive and active shielding

• Outstanding climate control system: temperature fluctuation less than 0.1 oC per hour

• Minimization of vibrations via massive air-spring-suspended and actively controlled seismic blocks weighing 40 – 60 tons each

We are both witness to and creator of a second genesis, a fundamental new evolution of material structures. We are standing at the threshold to a new era because we can observe and shape structures with ever greater resolution and refinement, and even down to the atomic scale, that is, objects of a millionth of a millimeter in size – with the potential to build those structures in a bottom -up fashion, like Nature does. This is what we call nano -science and – if a product is the ultimate target – nanotechnology. Gerd Binnig Nobel laureate

… is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications.

Fe atom corral Melting point of gold

M el 1 ting 064 po C int:

… is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications.

Integrated circuits Displays Hard-disk drives

IBM Forum Center © 2011 IBM Corporation What’s cooking Summer 2011 16 Presentation Title Date Small, smaller, nano The universe of the very small: The nanometer 1 1 nanometer = meter = 10 -9 m 1,000,000,000

Or, say, the Earth represents 1 meter, then a walnut is 1 nanometer in size:

1 meter 1 nanometer

Human hair 6 5 carbon atoms 0

0 0 0

n m

1 nanometer

IBM Forum Center © 2011 IBM Corporation What’s cooking Summer 2011 17 Presentation Title Date Invented by two IBM scientists in Zurich in 1981, the Scanning Tunneling Microscope opened the world of nanoscience.

is awarded to IBM scientists Heinrich Rohrer and Gerd Binnig for the invention of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope

The new Nanotechnology Center is named for Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer, the two IBM scientists, who invented the Scanning Tunneling Microscope at IBM Research – Zurich in 1981. They are regarded by their peers as the fathers of nanotechnology. Both attended the opening ceremony, at which the new lab was unveiled to the public.

NW + dielectric

Al gate 1 µm

Making 3D Integrated Cooling a reality will allow: •10 to 100 fold higher connectivity than otherwise possible • Minimized energy consumption (significantly less energy per Teraflop) • Increased computing speed by eliminating wires Goal: • Develop a new norm of 3D chip architecture with integrated cooling

Interlayer cooled chip stack

Hydraulic diameter: 25-100µm Flow rate 1/10 of traditional cold plates T. Brunschwiler IBM Research - Zurich

20 years ago IBM scientist Don Eigler used the STM to demonstrate the ability to build structures at the atomic level by spelling out "I-B-M" with individual xenon atoms

The Sun never sets at IBM Research

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