DOCSLIB.ORG

Photonic Crystals

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Velkommen I Nanoskolen blir du kjent med nanomaterialer i form av partikler, tråder, filmer og faste materialer. Du lærer også om biologiske nanomaterialer og bruk i medisin, samt hvordan du kan få energi fra nanostrukturer. Timeplan MANDAG TIRSDAG ONSDAG TORSDAG FREDAG Start 8:30: Mottak, Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: ALLE: registrering, beskjeder (Berzelius) Lab 1: Forelesning: Lab 2: Forelesning: Lab 3: Forelesning: Programmerings 9.00 – 9.30 Velkommen, info Nanopartikler Nano med Overflater Solceller med Spesielle Bionano med -teori med 09:00- 9.30 – 10:30 Bli-kjent leker Ola Torunn & egenskaper Elina (Curie) Haakon 11:30 10:30 – 10:45 Pause + Solcelle (Berzelius) Lasse (Berzelius) 10:45 – 11:30 Labboka og + Solcelle + Solcelle Forelesning: intro til Nano Forelesning: Nano med Programmering Nano med Ola med Arduino Ola 11:30- Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek 12:30 12:30-12:45 Felles gange til Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: ALLE: Forskningsparken/MiNa 12:45-13:45 MiNa/FP (De Forelesning: Lab 1: Forelesning: Lab 2: Forelesning: Lab 3: Programmering deles inn i grupper på hvert Nano med Nanopartikler Solceller med Overflater Bionano med Spesielle med Arduino sted som får hver sin Ola Torunn & Elina (Curie) egenskaper 12:30- omvisning) (Berzelius) + Solcelle Lasse + Solcelle 15:00 13:45-14:00 Bytte sted: + Solcelle Avslutning og MiNa/FP Forelesning: evaluering. 14:00-15:00 FP/MiNa (De Nano med deles inn i grupper på hvert Ola sted som får hver sin omvisning) Hva er nano? Hvem er vi? Ola Nilsen Ina Aune Grosås Ingvild Wiik Ingrid Marie Bergh Bakke Nicolai Hauffen Sindre Rannem Bilden Aleksander A Elstad Kristin Hubred Nygård Ketil Nagel Støren Hvem er dere? Hvor er vi? Hvor er vi? Hvor er vi? Sikkerhet! Hva kan skje? Forelesning..? må på do… blir syk… brannalarm, krise lytt til lokal «sjef», møt på samlingsplass Lab..? kjemikalier, sprut bruk labfrakk, briller, hansker ikke spis/drikk, klø i øyne… jobb kontrollert og rolig brann vurder, varlse, slukk, evakuer… hvor mange veiledere har vi per elev? Sikkerhet! Hva kan skje? Kommer og går… navnelappen deres er «stemplingskortet» for uka kvitter ut når dere drar… kvitter inn når dere kommer… vi må kunne nå dere! dere må kunne nå oss! Labbok Hva er det? Hvorfor bruke labbok? Labbok Hva er det? Hvorfor bruke labbok? Fordi du må. Slik er reglene, og sånn er det… Labboka er UiO sin eiendel. Ikke din! (dersom du ikke går på Nanoskolen da…) Du må levere den inn når du forlater UiO og den blir lagret ved UiO. Du kan ta kopier av boka som du kan ta med. Labbok Hva er det? Hvorfor bruke labbok? For å beskytte deg selv: • Kan vise hvilke kjemikalier du har vært eksponert for og hvor mye. • Kan brukes som grunnlag i patentering og fordeling av IPR • For å huske hva du har gjort. Gjør det MYE lettere å skrive artikler og avhandlinger senere. • Som hjelp til å finne originaldata. (skriv ned filnavn) • For å kunne repetere forsøk. • Kunne skryte av det på CVn. Labbok Hvordan bruke labbok? • Labboka skal være innbundet med nummererte sider som ikke skal rives ut. • Alt du noteres skal gjøres med blekk og dateres. • Du skal ikke slette noe i boka (klusse over, tippex, kutte ut, lime over…). Dersom det er noe du vil ha bort, så bruk en enkel rett strek for å vise dette. Det må fremdeles kunne leses. • Bruk ikke løse ark som mellomnotater for å føre inn senere. Labboka skal alltid brukes. Labbok • Skriv hva du planlegger å gjøre, og hvorfor. • Nytt forsøk: gjør en sikkerhetsrisiko: 1) Hva kan gå galt? 2) Hva kan gjøres for å forhindre det? 3) Hva kan en gjøre for å redusere konsekvensene? • Noter hva du gjør og hva du konkluderer • Print data/grafer/tabeller/figurer og tape/lim dem inn i boka. Ta med filnavn som referanse. • Noter hvilke kjemikalier du bruker, produkt, leverandør, batch, renhet. • Legg inn referanser til relevant litteratur. • Tegn eller bruk bilder av oppsettet og gjennomføring. • Noter feil du gjør… • Noter kontaktinfo til dem som hjelper deg… Hva er nano? How did it all start? Aristotle Plato (384-322 BC) (427-347 BC) Dissagreed! And liked the concept of Lucretius earth, water, air and fire (96-55 BC) better. Democritus (460-370 BC) Lucretius liked the atomos Democritus philosophied over and wrote poems about that things was built of small them. unbreakable entities: atomos The Romans didn’t like it. ”Nothing comes from nothing” ex nihilo nihil fit The Christians didn’t like it. How did it all start? Robert Boyle (1627-1691) Boyle could prove the existence of atoms in terms of gass pressure. Louis Proust (1754-1826) Proust proved that Pierre Gassendi matter consisted of Lucretius (1592-1655) definite proportions of other matter. (96-55 BC) Gassendi liked Lucretius’ poems and John Dalton spread the word, but (1766-1844) lacked the proof. Dalton proved the existence of atoms and definite chemical formula units. How did it all start? 4th C: The Lycurgus Cup (Rome) is an example of dichroic glass; colloidal gold and silver in the glass allow it to look opaque green when lit from outside but translucent red when light shines through the inside. 9th-17th C: Glowing, glittering “luster” ceramic Polychrome glazes used in the Islamic world, and later in Europe, lustreware bowl, contained silver or copper or other metallic 9th C, Iraq, British Museum nanoparticles. 6th-15th C: Vibrant stained glass windows in European cathedrals owed their rich colors to nanoparticles of gold chloride and other metal oxides and chlorides; gold nanoparticles also acted as photocatalytic air purifiers. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 13th-18th C: “Damascus” saber blades contained carbon nanotubes and cementite nanowires—an ultrahigh-carbon steel formulation that gave them strength, resilience, the ability to hold a keen edge, and a visible moiré pattern in the steel that give the blades their name. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1857: Michael Faraday discovered colloidal “ruby” gold, demonstrating that nanostructured gold under certain lighting conditions produces different-colored solutions. "Ruby" gold colloid 1936: Erwin Müller, working at Siemens Research Laboratory, invented the field emission microscope, allowing near-atomic-resolution images of materials. 1947: John Bardeen, William Shockley, and Walter Brattain at Bell Labs discovered the semiconductor transistor and greatly expanded scientific knowledge of semiconductor interfaces, laying the foundation for electronic devices and the Information Age. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1950: Victor La Mer and Robert Dinegar developed the theory and a process for growing monodisperse colloidal materials. Controlled ability to fabricate colloids enables myriad industrial uses such as specialized papers, paints, and thin films, even dialysis treatments. 1956: Arthur von Hippel at MIT introduced many concepts of—and coined the term—“molecular engineering” as applied to dielectrics, ferroelectrics, and piezoelectrics 1958: Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments originated the concept of, designed, and built the first integrated circuit, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 2000. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1959: Richard Feynman of the California Institute of Technology gave what is considered to be the first lecture on technology and engineering at the atomic scale, "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" at an American Physical Society meeting at Caltech. 1965: Intel co-founder Gordon Moore described in Electronics magazine several trends he foresaw in the field of electronics. One trend now known as “Moore’s Law,” described the density of transistors on an integrated chip (IC) doubling every 12 months (later amended to every 2 years). 1974: Tokyo Science University Professor Norio Taniguchi coined the term nanotechnology to describe precision machining of materials to within atomic-scale dimensional tolerances. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1981: Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer at IBM’s Zurich lab invented the scanning tunneling microscope, STM, allowing scientists to "see" (create direct spatial images of) individual atoms for the first time. Binnig and Rohrer won the Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1986. 1981: Russia’s Alexei Ekimov discovered nanocrystalline, semiconducting quantum dots in a glass matrix and conducted pioneering studies of their electronic and optical properties. 1985: Rice University researchers Harold Kroto, Sean O’Brien, Robert Curl, and Richard Smalley discovered the Buckminsterfullerene (C60), more commonly known as the buckyball, which is a molecule resembling a soccerball in shape and composed entirely of carbon, as are graphite and diamond. The team was awarded the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their roles in this discovery and that of the fullerene class of molecules more generally. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1985: Bell Labs’s Louis Brus discovered colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots), for which he shared the 2008 Kavli Prize in Nanotechnology. 1986: Gerd Binnig, Calvin Quate, and Christoph Gerber invented the atomic force microscope, AFM, which has the capability to view, measure, and manipulate materials down to fractions of a nanometer in size, including measurement of various forces intrinsic to nanomaterials. 1989: Don Eigler and Erhard Schweizer at IBM's Almaden Research Center manipulated 35 individual xenon atoms to spell out the IBM logo. This demonstration of the ability to precisely manipulate atoms ushered in the applied use of nanotechnology. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1991: Sumio Iijima of NEC is credited with discovering the carbon nanotube (CNT), although there were early observations of tubular carbon structures by others as well. Iijima shared the Kavli Prize in Nanoscience in 2008 for this advance and other advances in the field.
Recommended publications
  • From DNA Nanotechnology to Material Systems Engineering

    From DNA Nanotechnology to Material Systems Engineering

    PROGRESS REPORT DNA Nanotechnology www.advmat.de From DNA Nanotechnology to Material Systems Engineering Yong Hu and Christof M. Niemeyer* supramolecular networks. These devel- In the past 35 years, DNA nanotechnology has grown to a highly innovative opments have given rise to numerous and vibrant field of research at the interface of chemistry, materials science, so-called “DNA tiles” that can be used as biotechnology, and nanotechnology. Herein, a short summary of the state building blocks for the assembly through of research in various subdisciplines of DNA nanotechnology, ranging from sticky-end cohesion into discrete “finite” objects or periodic “infinite” 2D and 3D pure “structural DNA nanotechnology” over protein–DNA assemblies, periodic lattices.[4] However, since the nanoparticle-based DNA materials, and DNA polymers to DNA surface production of finite DNA nanostructures technology is given. The survey shows that these subdisciplines are growing from DNA tiles remained complicated,[5] ever closer together and suggests that this integration is essential in order to the development of the “scaffolded DNA initiate the next phase of development. With the increasing implementation origami” technique by Rothemund[6] is of machine-based approaches in microfluidics, robotics, and data-driven to be seen as an important milestone. Indeed, this method enabled the break- science, DNA-material systems will emerge that could be suitable for through of DNA nanotechology for the applications in sensor technology, photonics, as interfaces between technical fabrication of finite, programmable, and systems and living organisms, or for biomimetic fabrication processes. addressable nanostructures, thereby initi- ating a second wave of innovation in the field.[7] As discussed in Section 2, this set 1.
  • Small Wonders the US National Nanotechnology Initiative Has Spent Billions of Dollars on Submicroscopic Science in Its First 10 Years

    Small Wonders the US National Nanotechnology Initiative Has Spent Billions of Dollars on Submicroscopic Science in Its First 10 Years

    NEWS FEATURE NATURE|Vol 467|2 September 2010 Simulation of the flow pattern for electrons travelling over a random nanoscale landscape. Small wonders The US National Nanotechnology Initiative has spent billions of dollars on submicroscopic science in its first 10 years. Corie Lok finds out where the money went and what the initiative plans to do next. ichard Smalley’s cheeks were gaunt and promised to conduct electricity better than It was a message that Washington was ready his hair was nearly gone when he testi- copper, but also had the potential to produce to hear. US President Bill Clinton formally fied before the US House of Representa- fibres 100 times stronger than steel at one- announced the initiative in 2000, with bipar- tives in June 1999. The Nobel laureate sixth of the weight. Smalley also predicted tisan support from Congress. The initiative R, HARVARD UNIV. HARVARD R, R E chemist had been diagnosed with non-Hodg- that the “very blunt tool” of chemotherapy that has faced some criticism in the decade since LL kin’s lymphoma a few months earlier, chemo- had ravaged his own body would be obsolete — most notably for its slowness to address E therapy was taking its toll, and the journey within 20 years, because scientists would engi- environmental, health and safety concerns H J. E. from Rice University in Houston, Texas, had neer nanoscale drugs that were “essentially about nanomaterials. But it has also created been exhausting. But none of that dimmed his cancer-seeking missiles” able more than 70 nano-related obvious passion for a subject that his listen- to target mutant cells with “As chemists, we academic or government ers found both mystifying and enthralling: minimal side effects.
  • 30 Years of Moving Individual Atoms

    30 Years of Moving Individual Atoms

    FEATURES 30 YEARS OF MOVING INDIVIDUAL ATOMS 1 2 l Christopher Lutz and Leo Gross – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2020205 l 1 IBM Research – Almaden, San Jose, California, USA l 2 IBM Research – Zurich,¨ 8803 Ruschlikon,¨ Switzerland In the thirty years since atoms were first positioned individually, the atom-moving capability of scanning probe microscopes has grown to employ a wide variety of atoms and small molecules, yielding custom nanostructures that show unique electronic, magnetic and chemical properties. his year marks the thirtieth anniversary of the publication by IBM researchers Don Eigler and Erhard Schweizer showing that individ- Tual atoms can be positioned precisely into chosen patterns [1]. Tapping the keyboard of a personal computer for 22 continuous hours, they controlled the movement of a sharp tungsten needle to pull 35 individ- ual xenon atoms into place on a surface to spell the letters “IBM” (Figure 1). Eigler and Schweitzer’s demonstration set in motion the use of a newly invented tool, called the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), as the workhorse for nanoscience research. But this achievement did even more than that: it changed the way we think of atoms. m FIG. 2: The STM that Don Eigler and coworkers used to position atoms. The It led us to view them as building blocks that can be tip is seen touching its reflection in the sample’s surface. (Credit: IBM) arranged the way we choose, no longer being limited by the feeling that atoms are inaccessibly small. with just one electron or atom or (small) molecule. FIG.
  • DNA Nanotechnology Meets Nanophotonics

    DNA Nanotechnology Meets Nanophotonics

    DNA nanotechnology meets nanophotonics Na Liu 2nd Physics Institute, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany Email: [email protected] Key words: DNA nanotechnology, nanophotonics, DNA origami, light matter interactions Call-out sentence: It will be very constructive, if more research funds become available to support young researchers with bold ideas and meanwhile allow for failures and contingent outcomes. The first time I heard the two terms ‘DNA nanotechnology’ and ‘nanophotonics’ mentioned together was from Paul Alivisatos, who delivered the Max Planck Lecture in Stuttgart, Germany, on a hot summer day in 2008. In his lecture, Paul showed how a plasmon ruler containing two metallic nanoparticles linked by a DNA strand could be used to monitor nanoscale distance changes and even the kinetics of single DNA hybridization events in real time, readily correlating nanoscale motion with optical feedback.1 Until this day, I still vividly remember my astonishment by the power and beauty of these two nanosciences, when rigorously combined together. In the past decades, DNA has been intensely studied and exploited in different research areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology. At first glance, DNA-based nanophotonics seems to deviate quite far from the original goal of Nadrian Seeman, the founder of DNA nanotechnology, who hoped to organize biological entities using DNA in high-resolution crystals. As a matter of fact, DNA-based nanophotonics does closely follow his central spirit. That is, apart from being a genetic material for inheritance, DNA is also an ideal material for building molecular devices.
  • Small Wonders, Endless Frontiers

    Small Wonders, Endless Frontiers

    Small Wonders, Endless Frontiers A Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative Committee for the Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences National Research Council NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS Washington, D.C. NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This material is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CTS- 0096624. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in it are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. International Standard Book Number 0-309-08454-7 Additional copies of this report are available from: National Research Council 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC 20418 Internet, <http://www.nap.edu> Copyright 2002 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Front cover: Three-dimensional scanning tunneling microscope image of a man-made lattice of cobalt atoms on a copper (111) surface. Courtesy of Don Eigler, IBM Almaden Research Center. Back cover: A nanoscale motor created by attaching a synthetic rotor to an ATP synthase. Reprinted with permission of the American Association for the Advancement of Science from Soong et al., Science 290, 1555 (2000). © 2000 by AAAS.
  • ABSTRACT MARTIN, KELLY NORRIS. Visual

    ABSTRACT MARTIN, KELLY NORRIS. Visual

    ABSTRACT MARTIN, KELLY NORRIS. Visual Research: Introducing a Schema for Methodologies and Contexts. (Under the direction of Victoria J. Gallagher.) Studying the visual has become tremendously important to many disciplines because images express a range of human experience sometimes ambiguously articulated in verbal discourse, namely, “spatially oriented, nonlinear, multidimensional, and dynamic” human experiences (Foss, 2005, p. 143). In fact, the power of the image to plainly communicate occurs not “in spite of language’s absence but also frequently because of language’s absence” (Ott & Dickinson, 2009, p. 392). Presently, the challenge for visual research is that scholars investigate images from varied disciplines with separate and distinctive methods with little discussion or exchange across fields. Furthermore, more disciplines are requiring students to take courses in visual communication and more professors are being hired to teach those courses. However, these visual communication professors have nowhere to go (in the United States) in order to become prepared to teach and conduct research in visual communication. They enroll in programs in journalism and mass communication, linguistics, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, and so on. Then, they either adapt what they learn from these fields to the field of visual communication or they teach themselves about the methods, theories, and literature of visual communication. This project focused on comparing and contrasting the strengths and limitations of various visual research
  • Dr Don Eigler Hon Dsc

    Dr Don Eigler Hon Dsc

    Dr Don Eigler Hon DSc Oration by Professor Chris McConville Department of Physics Dr Don Eigler Hon DSc I am personally delighted that today’s honorary graduate is being given to study non-interacting inert gas atoms such as xenon on a metal surface. this award. Dr Don Eigler is quite literally a giant in the “Small World” of However, he observed that even at these low temperatures the Xe atoms Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and he is universally acknowledged as would still change positions on the surface due to the forces exerted on the first person ever to move and control a single atom. them by the tip of the microscope. He concluded that if these forces could be controlled, he should be able to move the atoms deliberately. Nanotechnology impacts on all our lives, from the ever-present smartphone to medical and environmental applications, but its origins On 10th November 1989 he arranged 35 xenon atoms on a nickel surface can be said to have begun in December 1959 with a lecture by the to spell out ‘I.B.M.’ As he said in his log book this was “the first ever visionary – and often controversial – physicist, Richard Feynman, entitled construction of a patterned array of atoms”. That now famous image not There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom. In it Feynman speculated that, “The only appeared on the front cover of Nature, but when the news broke in an principles of physics, as far as I can see, do not speak against the possibility IBM press release, on the front page of most broadsheet newspapers in of maneuvering things atom by atom, arranging them the way we want the western world.
  • Suzanne Pfeffer

    Suzanne Pfeffer

    July 2010 ASBMB PreSidentiAl PriMer: Suzanne Pfeffer American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology AAdjuvdjuvAAntnt IImmunothermmunotherAApypy ususIIngng KKrnrn70007000 KRN7000 (α-Galactosyl Ceramide) Avanti Number 867000 Supplier: Funakoshi Co. Ltd. Hepatic metastasis is a major clinical problem in cancer treatment. We examined antitumor ac- tivity of alpha-galactosylceramide (KRN7000) on mice with spontaneous liver metastases of re- ticulum cell sarcoma M5076 tumor cells (spontaneous metastasis model). In this model, all mice that were s.c. challenged with one million tumor cells developed a solid s.c. mass by day 7 and died of hepatic metastases. In the current study, we administered 100 microg/kg of KRN7000 to the model mice on days 7, 11, and 15. This treatment suppressed the growth of established liver metastases and resulted in the prolongation of survival time. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis of phenotypes of spleen cells, hepatic lymphocytes, and regional lymph node cells around the s.c. tumor revealed that CD3+NK1.1+ (NKT) cells increased in hepatic lym- phocytes of the KRN7000-treated mice. Cytotoxic activity and IFN-gamma production of hepatic lymphocytes were augmented in comparison with those of spleen cells and regional LN cells. At the same time, interleukin (IL)-12 production of hepatic lymphocytes was markedly enhanced. Neutralization of IL-12 using a blocking monoclonal antibody diminished the prolonged survival time. These results showed that the in vivo antitumor effects of KRN7000 on spontaneous liver metastases were dependent on the endogenous IL-12 production, where NKT cells in the liver are suggested to be involved. Adjuvant immunotherapy using KRN7000 could be a promising modality for the prevention of postoperative liver metastases.
  • Electronic Transport in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, and Their Application As Scanning Probe Microscopy Tips

    Electronic Transport in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, and Their Application As Scanning Probe Microscopy Tips

    Electronic Transport in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, and their Application as Scanning Probe Microscopy tips by Neil Richard Wilson Thesis Submitted to the University of Warwick for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Physics April 2004 ii Contents List of Tables vii List of Figures viii Acknowledgments xiv Declarations xvi Abstract xviii Abbreviations xix Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction to Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes ........... 3 History .............................. 4 Structure and mechanical properties .............. 6 Electronic properties of SWNT ................. 9 Why study SWNT devices: the Physics and the Funding . 17 1.2 Introduction to Atomic Force Microscopy . 20 Dynamic or 'Tapping' mode AFM . 24 Dynamic lateral force mode or 'Torsional Resonance' mode . 30 Electric Force Microscopy .................... 33 iii Tips and Cantilevers ....................... 36 Multimode and Dimension AFM's . 39 1.3 Outline of thesis ............................. 41 Chapter 2 SWNT growth and devices 42 2.1 SWNT growth .............................. 42 2.1.1 Experimental setup and results . 44 2.1.2 Characterisation ......................... 53 AFM and SCM .......................... 53 Electron Microscopy ....................... 55 micro-Raman spectroscopy ................... 59 2.2 SWNT devices .............................. 62 Lithography ............................ 63 Device Fabrication ........................ 66 2.2.1 Room Temperature Electronic Transport Characteristics . 68 2.3 Conclusions and future work ...................... 75 Chapter 3 EFM and SGM of carbon nanotube devices 77 3.1 Experimental setup for EFM and SGM . 79 3.2 Manipulation of SWNT devices, and characterisation by SGM . 82 3.3 SSPM of SWNT devices ......................... 89 3.3.1 Current saturation in mSWNT devices . 90 3.3.2 Hysteresis in the transconductance of SWNT devices . 97 3.4 Conclusions and future work . 101 Chapter 4 SWNT as AFM probes 103 4.1 Fabrication of SWNT-AFM tips .
  • DNA 7 - Seveth International Meeting on DNA Based Computers - Instruction for Authors

    DNA 7 - Seveth International Meeting on DNA Based Computers - Instruction for Authors

    DNA 7 - Seveth International Meeting on DNA Based Computers - Instruction for Authors DNA7 Seventh International Meeting on DNA Based Computers June 10-13, 2001 Download this Document as .pdf | .doc | .rtf Introduction Biomolecular computing has emerged as a an interdisciplinary field that draws together molecular biology, chemistry, computer science and mathematics. Our knowledge of DNA nanotechnology and biomolecular computing increases exponentially with every passing year. The annual international meeting has been a forum where scientists with different backgrounds, yet sharing a common interest in biomolecular computing, meet and present their latest results. Continuing with this tradition, the 7th International Meeting on DNA Based Computers will focus on the current theoretical and experimental results with the greatest impact. Papers and poster presentations are sought in all areas that relate to computing with biomolecules including (but not limited to): algorithms and applications, models of biomolecular computation (using DNA and/or other molecules), analysis of laboratory techniques and theoretical models, error correction, sequence design, simulation software, DNA chemistry, DNA motifs, DNA devices, and computational processes in vivo. We particularly encourage papers and posters reporting experimental results. Instruction for Authors ● Each paper should include one address and e-mail address for all correspondence related to the submission. ● Each paper should contain an abstract stating the main results and their importance. ● We encourage document preparation in LaTex, but PostScript, pdf and MSWord files will also be accepted. For the final version of the document please follow the guidelines for the Springer-Verlag LNCS series at: http://www.springer.de/comp/lncs/authors.html ● The preferred format for submission is a .PDF, .PS or .RTF file or e-mailed to the chair of the program committee at: [email protected].
  • Canada August 2007

    Canada August 2007

    Self-Assembled Monolayers: Characterization and Application to Microcantilever Sensors Brian Seivewright Department of Chemistry McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada August 2007 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy ©Copyright 2007 All rights reserved. Brian Seivewright, August 2007 Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-50993-7 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-50993-7 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation.
  • Single Molecule Based Nanoelectronics

    Single Molecule Based Nanoelectronics

    Deanship of Graduate Studies AL-Quds University Single Molecule Based Nanoelectronics Ali Mohammed Kayed Atawneh M. Sc. Thesis Jerusalem-Palestine 1426 / 2006 Chapter one _______________________________________________________________ Introduction 1.1. Introduction Nanoscience is the study of phenomena and manipulating of materials at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales, where nano-sciences are lead to a better understanding of properties of materials at the atomic level, or resulting from the reduction of dimensions down to the nanometer range. And many technologies are concerned with producing new industrial materials on nano-meter scale – one of these technologies is nanotechnology- but one of the problems facing nanotechnology actually physics, so physics is different on the nanometer scale, the properties of materials can behave differently and have new characteristics. Nanotechnologies are anew expression of a fundamental concept concerned with the development of tools for molecular electronics, that can be used first for measuring properties, then for assembling atoms and molecules to create new materials having superior properties useful in the fabrication of nano-electronic devices. So, nanotechnology includes both molecular electronics and nanoscale devices, where it is research's are aimed at building very small machines and electronics and constructing materials molecule-by-molecule and aggregates that can perform the basic functions of larger electronic components and assemble them into atomically precise molecular electronic devices (Joachim, Gimzewski, Aviram, 2000). Raw materials of nanotechnology include inorganic matter like metals and semiconductors, molecules like polymers and carbon nanotubes, and biological molecules like DNA and proteins. Devices that have dimension on a nanometer scale are called nanoelectronic devices; the use of nanoelectronic devices is interested for several reasons.