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Photonic Crystals

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Photonic Crystals Velkommen I Nanoskolen blir du kjent med nanomaterialer i form av partikler, tråder, filmer og faste materialer. Du lærer også om biologiske nanomaterialer og bruk i medisin, samt hvordan du kan få energi fra nanostrukturer. Timeplan MANDAG TIRSDAG ONSDAG TORSDAG FREDAG Start 8:30: Mottak, Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: ALLE: registrering, beskjeder (Berzelius) Lab 1: Forelesning: Lab 2: Forelesning: Lab 3: Forelesning: Programmerings 9.00 – 9.30 Velkommen, info Nanopartikler Nano med Overflater Solceller med Spesielle Bionano med -teori med 09:00- 9.30 – 10:30 Bli-kjent leker Ola Torunn & egenskaper Elina (Curie) Haakon 11:30 10:30 – 10:45 Pause + Solcelle (Berzelius) Lasse (Berzelius) 10:45 – 11:30 Labboka og + Solcelle + Solcelle Forelesning: intro til Nano Forelesning: Nano med Programmering Nano med Ola med Arduino Ola 11:30- Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek Lunsj / Utelek 12:30 12:30-12:45 Felles gange til Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: Gruppe 1: Gruppe 2: ALLE: Forskningsparken/MiNa 12:45-13:45 MiNa/FP (De Forelesning: Lab 1: Forelesning: Lab 2: Forelesning: Lab 3: Programmering deles inn i grupper på hvert Nano med Nanopartikler Solceller med Overflater Bionano med Spesielle med Arduino sted som får hver sin Ola Torunn & Elina (Curie) egenskaper 12:30- omvisning) (Berzelius) + Solcelle Lasse + Solcelle 15:00 13:45-14:00 Bytte sted: + Solcelle Avslutning og MiNa/FP Forelesning: evaluering. 14:00-15:00 FP/MiNa (De Nano med deles inn i grupper på hvert Ola sted som får hver sin omvisning) Hva er nano? Hvem er vi? Ola Nilsen Ina Aune Grosås Ingvild Wiik Ingrid Marie Bergh Bakke Nicolai Hauffen Sindre Rannem Bilden Aleksander A Elstad Kristin Hubred Nygård Ketil Nagel Støren Hvem er dere? Hvor er vi? Hvor er vi? Hvor er vi? Sikkerhet! Hva kan skje? Forelesning..? må på do… blir syk… brannalarm, krise lytt til lokal «sjef», møt på samlingsplass Lab..? kjemikalier, sprut bruk labfrakk, briller, hansker ikke spis/drikk, klø i øyne… jobb kontrollert og rolig brann vurder, varlse, slukk, evakuer… hvor mange veiledere har vi per elev? Sikkerhet! Hva kan skje? Kommer og går… navnelappen deres er «stemplingskortet» for uka kvitter ut når dere drar… kvitter inn når dere kommer… vi må kunne nå dere! dere må kunne nå oss! Labbok Hva er det? Hvorfor bruke labbok? Labbok Hva er det? Hvorfor bruke labbok? Fordi du må. Slik er reglene, og sånn er det… Labboka er UiO sin eiendel. Ikke din! (dersom du ikke går på Nanoskolen da…) Du må levere den inn når du forlater UiO og den blir lagret ved UiO. Du kan ta kopier av boka som du kan ta med. Labbok Hva er det? Hvorfor bruke labbok? For å beskytte deg selv: • Kan vise hvilke kjemikalier du har vært eksponert for og hvor mye. • Kan brukes som grunnlag i patentering og fordeling av IPR • For å huske hva du har gjort. Gjør det MYE lettere å skrive artikler og avhandlinger senere. • Som hjelp til å finne originaldata. (skriv ned filnavn) • For å kunne repetere forsøk. • Kunne skryte av det på CVn. Labbok Hvordan bruke labbok? • Labboka skal være innbundet med nummererte sider som ikke skal rives ut. • Alt du noteres skal gjøres med blekk og dateres. • Du skal ikke slette noe i boka (klusse over, tippex, kutte ut, lime over…). Dersom det er noe du vil ha bort, så bruk en enkel rett strek for å vise dette. Det må fremdeles kunne leses. • Bruk ikke løse ark som mellomnotater for å føre inn senere. Labboka skal alltid brukes. Labbok • Skriv hva du planlegger å gjøre, og hvorfor. • Nytt forsøk: gjør en sikkerhetsrisiko: 1) Hva kan gå galt? 2) Hva kan gjøres for å forhindre det? 3) Hva kan en gjøre for å redusere konsekvensene? • Noter hva du gjør og hva du konkluderer • Print data/grafer/tabeller/figurer og tape/lim dem inn i boka. Ta med filnavn som referanse. • Noter hvilke kjemikalier du bruker, produkt, leverandør, batch, renhet. • Legg inn referanser til relevant litteratur. • Tegn eller bruk bilder av oppsettet og gjennomføring. • Noter feil du gjør… • Noter kontaktinfo til dem som hjelper deg… Hva er nano? How did it all start? Aristotle Plato (384-322 BC) (427-347 BC) Dissagreed! And liked the concept of Lucretius earth, water, air and fire (96-55 BC) better. Democritus (460-370 BC) Lucretius liked the atomos Democritus philosophied over and wrote poems about that things was built of small them. unbreakable entities: atomos The Romans didn’t like it. ”Nothing comes from nothing” ex nihilo nihil fit The Christians didn’t like it. How did it all start? Robert Boyle (1627-1691) Boyle could prove the existence of atoms in terms of gass pressure. Louis Proust (1754-1826) Proust proved that Pierre Gassendi matter consisted of Lucretius (1592-1655) definite proportions of other matter. (96-55 BC) Gassendi liked Lucretius’ poems and John Dalton spread the word, but (1766-1844) lacked the proof. Dalton proved the existence of atoms and definite chemical formula units. How did it all start? 4th C: The Lycurgus Cup (Rome) is an example of dichroic glass; colloidal gold and silver in the glass allow it to look opaque green when lit from outside but translucent red when light shines through the inside. 9th-17th C: Glowing, glittering “luster” ceramic Polychrome glazes used in the Islamic world, and later in Europe, lustreware bowl, contained silver or copper or other metallic 9th C, Iraq, British Museum nanoparticles. 6th-15th C: Vibrant stained glass windows in European cathedrals owed their rich colors to nanoparticles of gold chloride and other metal oxides and chlorides; gold nanoparticles also acted as photocatalytic air purifiers. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 13th-18th C: “Damascus” saber blades contained carbon nanotubes and cementite nanowires—an ultrahigh-carbon steel formulation that gave them strength, resilience, the ability to hold a keen edge, and a visible moiré pattern in the steel that give the blades their name. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1857: Michael Faraday discovered colloidal “ruby” gold, demonstrating that nanostructured gold under certain lighting conditions produces different-colored solutions. "Ruby" gold colloid 1936: Erwin Müller, working at Siemens Research Laboratory, invented the field emission microscope, allowing near-atomic-resolution images of materials. 1947: John Bardeen, William Shockley, and Walter Brattain at Bell Labs discovered the semiconductor transistor and greatly expanded scientific knowledge of semiconductor interfaces, laying the foundation for electronic devices and the Information Age. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1950: Victor La Mer and Robert Dinegar developed the theory and a process for growing monodisperse colloidal materials. Controlled ability to fabricate colloids enables myriad industrial uses such as specialized papers, paints, and thin films, even dialysis treatments. 1956: Arthur von Hippel at MIT introduced many concepts of—and coined the term—“molecular engineering” as applied to dielectrics, ferroelectrics, and piezoelectrics 1958: Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments originated the concept of, designed, and built the first integrated circuit, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 2000. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1959: Richard Feynman of the California Institute of Technology gave what is considered to be the first lecture on technology and engineering at the atomic scale, "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" at an American Physical Society meeting at Caltech. 1965: Intel co-founder Gordon Moore described in Electronics magazine several trends he foresaw in the field of electronics. One trend now known as “Moore’s Law,” described the density of transistors on an integrated chip (IC) doubling every 12 months (later amended to every 2 years). 1974: Tokyo Science University Professor Norio Taniguchi coined the term nanotechnology to describe precision machining of materials to within atomic-scale dimensional tolerances. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1981: Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer at IBM’s Zurich lab invented the scanning tunneling microscope, STM, allowing scientists to "see" (create direct spatial images of) individual atoms for the first time. Binnig and Rohrer won the Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1986. 1981: Russia’s Alexei Ekimov discovered nanocrystalline, semiconducting quantum dots in a glass matrix and conducted pioneering studies of their electronic and optical properties. 1985: Rice University researchers Harold Kroto, Sean O’Brien, Robert Curl, and Richard Smalley discovered the Buckminsterfullerene (C60), more commonly known as the buckyball, which is a molecule resembling a soccerball in shape and composed entirely of carbon, as are graphite and diamond. The team was awarded the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their roles in this discovery and that of the fullerene class of molecules more generally. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1985: Bell Labs’s Louis Brus discovered colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots), for which he shared the 2008 Kavli Prize in Nanotechnology. 1986: Gerd Binnig, Calvin Quate, and Christoph Gerber invented the atomic force microscope, AFM, which has the capability to view, measure, and manipulate materials down to fractions of a nanometer in size, including measurement of various forces intrinsic to nanomaterials. 1989: Don Eigler and Erhard Schweizer at IBM's Almaden Research Center manipulated 35 individual xenon atoms to spell out the IBM logo. This demonstration of the ability to precisely manipulate atoms ushered in the applied use of nanotechnology. http://www.nano.gov/timeline How did it all start? 1991: Sumio Iijima of NEC is credited with discovering the carbon nanotube (CNT), although there were early observations of tubular carbon structures by others as well. Iijima shared the Kavli Prize in Nanoscience in 2008 for this advance and other advances in the field.
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