Collective Bargaining Agreement CC.OO
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SBSCentre DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT B: STRUCTURAL AND COHESION POLICIES TRANSPORT AND TOURISM SOCIAL AND WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR OF THE EUROPEAN UNION STUDY This document was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Transport and Tourism. AUTHORS PricewaterhouseCoopers Advisory Srl Italy: Giorgia Aresu –project manager Diego Artuso Elisabetta Martone Micaela Celio Claudio Ricciolio Scientific review : Prof. Patrizia Ordine RESPONSIBLE ADMINISTRATOR Nils Danklefsen Policy Department Structural and Cohesion Policies European Parliament B-1047 Brussels E-mail: [email protected] LINGUISTIC VERSIONS Original: EN ABOUT THE EDITOR To contact the Policy Department or to subscribe to its monthly newsletter please write to: [email protected] Manuscript completed in October 2009. Brussels, © European Parliament, 2009. This document is available on the Internet at: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/studies DISCLAIMER The opinions expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position of the European Parliament. Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorised, provided the source is acknowledged and the publisher is given prior notice and sent a copy. DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT B: STRUCTURAL AND COHESION POLICIES TRANSPORT AND TOURISM SOCIAL AND WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR OF THE EUROPEAN UNION STUDY Abstract This study provides an overview of social and working conditions in five main transport sectors: road, railways, air, maritime and inland waterways. After a brief presentation of the economic, social and legislative framework for each sector, the study addresses specific issues such as wages and wage/pension schemes, working time, social dialogue etc. for each sector. The study then highlights the main problems/challenges for each sector and makes recommendations for further studies and legislation/political discussion at EU level. IP/B/TRAN/FWC/2006-156-Lot6-C1-SC4 October 2009 PE 419.122 EN Social and working conditions in the transport sector of the European Union ____________________________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS 5 LIST OF TABLES 15 LIST OF FIGURES 17 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 21 1 INTRODUCTION 31 1.1 Objective and content of the study 31 1.2 Methodology 32 2 PART I – OVERVIEW OF THE TRANSPORT SECTOR 35 2.1 The economic dimension 37 2.2 The structure of the labour market 46 2.3 The legal framework 57 3 PART II - ASSESSMENT OF SOCIAL AND WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR 65 3.1 Wages and payment systems 65 3.2 Pension schemes 83 3.3 Extent of unionised labour 87 3.4 Social dialogue 104 3.5 Working time 119 3.6 Health and safety at work 123 3.7 General quality and security of employment 139 3.8 Consequences of liberalisation of the transport sector for working conditions 152 4 PART III – MAIN ISSUES AND PROBLEMS AFFECTING THE TRANSPORT SECTORS 165 4.1 Road transport 165 4.2 Railway transport 169 4.3 Air transport 170 4.4 Maritime transport 173 4.5 Inland waterway transport 175 5 PART IV – RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER EU POLITICAL DISCUSSION, LEGISLATION AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIES 177 6 BIBLIOGRAPHY 185 ANNEX I – TRANSPORT MARKET ANALYSIS 195 3 Policy Department B: Structural and Cohesion Policies ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4 Social and working conditions in the transport sector of the European Union ____________________________________________________________________________________________ LIST OF ACRONYMS AAE Association of Airline Engineers Algemeen Belgisch Vakverbond/Fédération Générale du Travail ABVV/FGTB de Belgique ACI Airport Council International European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of ADN Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterway AEA Association of European Airlines AGCI Associazione Generale Cooperative Italiane Agv Move Arbeitgeberverband der Mobilitäts- und Verkehrsdienstleister AGVDE Arbeitgeberverband Deutscher Eisenbahnen AITI Associazione Imprese Traslocatori Italiani ALPA Airline Pilots Association Malta Associazione Nazionale delle Cooperative di Servizi e Turismo Ancst-Legacoop of the Lega delle Cooperative Auto-transport Firms National Association (Associazione ANITA Nazionale Imprese Trasporti Automobilistici) ANSP Air Navigation Service Provider ARF Amtsrådsforeningen Assoespressi Associazione Nazionale Corrieri Espressi Associazione Italiana delle Imprese di Logistica, Magazzini Assologistica Generali e Magazzini Frigoriferi ATC Air traffic controller ATM Air Traffic Management AUA Austrian Airlines Group BAG German Federal Office for Freight Transport BBG Austrian Federal Railways Act (Bundesbahngesetz ) BDO Bundesverband Deutscher Omnibusunternehmer BGL Bundesverband Güterkraftverkehr Logistik und Entsorgung BIA Bulgarian Industrial Association BNS National Trade Union Bloc (Blocul Naţional Sindical) BTB Belgische Transportbond CAI Compagnia Aerea Italiana 5 Policy Department B: Structural and Cohesion Policies ____________________________________________________________________________________________ CANSO Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation CBA Collective bargaining agreement CC.OO. Comisiones Obreras (Spanish Trade Union) CCNR Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine Community of European Railways and Infrastructure CER Companies CFDT Confédération française démocratique du travail Confédération française de l’encadrement – Confédération CFE-CGC générale des cadres CFTC Confédération française des travailleurs chrétiens CGB Christlicher Gewerkschaftsbund CGPME Confédération générale des petites et moyennes entreprises CGT-FO Confédération générale du travail – Force ouvrière CIG Galician Interunion Confederation International Occupational Safety and Health Information CIS Centre Confederation of Independent Trade Unions in Bulgaria CITUB (Конфедерация на независимите синдикати в България) Luxembourg Trade Confederation (Confédération CLC Luxembourgeoise du Commerce) CNEL Consiglio Nazionale dell’Economia e del Lavoro Independent Engine Drivers’ Union (Comitato Macchinisti Comu Unitari) Confartigianato Associazione Nazionale Autotrasporto di Confartigianato Trasporti Italian General Confederation of Commerce, Tourism and Services Employers (Confederazione Generale Italiana del Confcommercio Commercio, del Turismo, dei Servizi, delle Professioni e delle Piccole e Medie Imprese) Federlavoro e Servizi of the Confederazione Cooperative Confcooperative Italiane Confetra Confederazione Generale dei Trasporti e della Logistica, The Transport, Haulage and Logistics Confederation Conftrasporto (Confederazione del Trasporto, della Spedizione e della Logistica) CSA Cyprus Shipping Association CSC/ACV Confédération des Syndicats Chrétiens/ Algemeen Christelijk 6 Social and working conditions in the transport sector of the European Union ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Vakverbond DBB Deutscher Beamtenbund, Directorate General for Employment and Social Affairs of the DG Employment European Commission Directorate General for Transport and Energy of the European DG TREN Commission DGB Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund, DI Confederation of Danish Industries (Dansk Industri) EA European Area EBA Federal Railways Office (Eisenbahnbundesamt) EBU European Barge Union ECA European Cockpit Association ECE Economic Commission for Europe ECSA European Community Shipowners’ Associations EEA European Economic Area EIM European Rail Infrastructure Managers EIRO European Industrial Relations Observatory Solidarity Confederation of Basque Workers (majority in the ELA Basque Country) ENT Enterprise or single employer agreement ERA European Regional Airlines Association ERM European Restructuring Monitor ESAW European Statistics on Accidents at Work ESO European Shippers’ Organisation ETF European Transport Workers Federation EU European Union EU-15 European Union countries prior to 1st May 2004 EU-25 European Union countries prior to 1 January 2007 EU-27 Current EU Member States EUR Euro currency FAB Functional Airspace Blocks FAST Federazione Autonoma Sindacati dei Trasporti FAU Fachverband der Autobusunternehmungen 7 Policy Department B: Structural and Cohesion Policies ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Fédération Royale Belge des Transporteurs et des Prestataires FEBETRA de Services Logistiques/Koninklijke federatie van belgische transporteurs Fedespedi Federazione Nazionale Imprese di Spedizioni Internazionali Fedit Federazione Italiana Trasportatori FGG Fachverband für das Güterbeförderungsgewerbe Fiap-Italia Federazione Italiana Autotrasportatori Professionali Federazione Italiana Lavoratori dei Trasporti – Confederazione Filt-Cgil Generale Italiana dei Trasporti FISI Federazione Italiana Spedizionieri Industriali Fita CNA Unione Nazionale Imprese di Trasporto Federazione Italiana Trasporti – Confederazione Italiana Fit-Cisl Sindacati Lavoratori FNCR Fédération nationale des chauffeurs routiers National Federation of Harbour Unions (Federaţia Naţională a FNSP Sindicatelor Portuare) FNTR Fédération nationale des transports routiers FoC Flags of Convenience FS Italian State Railways (Ferrovie dello Stato) FSp Fachverband der Spediteure FVC Federation of Train Crews (Federace Vlakových Cet) GdE Union of Railways Workers (Gewerkschaft