Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey 2014

National Report: Students in Grades 4-12

Conducted by Harris Poll Report date: Field dates: February 13 – March 12, 2014 May 9, 2014 Table of Contents

. Background & Objectives 3 . Research Methodology 4 . Executive Summary 7 . Detailed Findings 15 . Student Attitudes Towards Tablets and Other Mobile Devices 16 . Personal Mobile Device Usage and Ownership 23 . Mobile Device Usage For School Work 31 . Mobile Device Usage At School 38 . Using the Internet at School 44 . Using Mobile Devices in the Future 49 . Demographic Profile 55 . Student Profiles 56 . Tech Users and Tablet Owners 58

2 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Background & Objectives

Pearson seeks to better understand how students use technology for learning. The market for tablets, smartphones, and other mobile devices has grown dramatically during the past four years. These mobile devices have the potential to transform learning across all grade levels and to change how learners access course materials.

The 2014 Student Mobile Device Survey covered:

. Current ownership and usage of mobile devices by elementary, middle, and high school students;

. How elementary, middle, and high school students currently use mobile devices for school work, and how they expect to use them for school work in the future;

. Students’ attitudes towards mobile devices for learning, with a special focus on tablets; and

. Preferences for different types of digital devices when reading, studying, taking notes, and doing other school-related activities.

3 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Research Methodology

This survey was conducted online within the United States by Harris Poll on behalf of Pearson between February 13 and March 12, 2014.

Qualified respondents were 8-18 year old U.S. residents who were enrolled in 4th through 12th grades. The survey was conducted among 2,252 students, with 501 elementary school (4th-5th grade) students, 750 middle school (6th-8th grade) students, and 1001 high school (9th – 12th grade) students.

Data were weighted to be representative of the 4th through 12th grade population in the U.S. Figures for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and highest level of parental education (used as a proxy for household income) were weighted where necessary to bring them into line with their actual proportions in the population.

All sample surveys and polls, whether or not they use probability sampling, are subject to multiple sources of error which are most often not possible to quantify or estimate, including sampling error, coverage error, error associated with non-response, error associated with question wording and response options, and post-survey weighting and adjustments. Therefore, Harris Poll avoids the words “margin of error” as they are misleading. All that can be calculated are different possible sampling errors with different probabilities for pure, unweighted, random samples with 100% response rates. These are only theoretical because no published polls come close to this ideal.

4 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Research Methodology (continued) Notes on reading this report

. Throughout this report, we mention various mobile devices. Below are the definitions and accompanying images that were provided in the survey.

Smartphone (a cell phone Tablet with internet access)

Hybrid or “2 in 1” computer Laptop, notebook (a mobile device that has the or Chromebook features of a tablet and a computer laptop, such as a touch screen and a keyboard)

5 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Research Methodology (continued) Notes on reading this report

. The Executive Summary references data for regular tablet usage from the 2013 Pearson Students and Tablets study. The 2013 study was conducted online from January 28 – February 24, 2013, among 2,350 elementary school, middle school and high school students. . In that study, students were asked if they regularly used a small or full-size tablet, where the current study asks if they regularly use a tablet (without mention of size). In comparing results from the 2013 and 2014 studies, the percentage for tablet usage in 2013 is the combined result for full-size and small tablet usage. . Significant differences between subgroups at the 95% confidence level are indicated by capital letters (A, B, C). . A dash represents a value of zero. An asterisk represents a value greater than zero but less than one. . Numbers may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

6 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

7 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Executive Summary

. Most students want to use mobile devices in the classroom more often they do now. This is especially true for younger students. . Seven in ten elementary school students (71%), two-thirds of middle school students (67%) and over half (56%) of high school students would like to use mobile devices more often in the classroom than they do now. . Tablet usage is high and growing – especially for younger students. . In 2014, 66% of elementary school students report that they regularly use a tablet, up from 52% a year ago. At the elementary school level, tablets rival laptops for the mobile device that students use most often (66% for tablets vs. 65% for laptops). . Nearly six in ten middle school students (58%) report using tablets, up from the 43% of middle school students who reported using tablets just last year. . Over four in ten high school students (42%) report using tablets, up from the 33% that reported using tablets last year.

8 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Executive Summary

. Smartphone usage has increased across all grade levels and is most prevalent among older students. . In 2014, 44% of elementary school students use smartphones regularly, compared to 58% of middle school students, and 75% of high school students. . In 2013, 35% of elementary school students, 47% of middle school students and 60% of high school students used smartphones regularly.

. The vast majority of students who own a smart phone own the standard size phone. The size of the tablet that students own varies by grade level. . The vast majority (96%) of students who own their own smartphones own the standard sized phone. Very few own a large size smartphone or phablet . . Small tablet ownership is most common among elementary (51%) and middle school students (52%), with just one in three high school students (35%) owning a small tablet. By contrast, high school students are twice as likely as elementary school students to own a large (10”) tablet (41% vs. 21%).

9 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Executive Summary

. Laptops remain the most commonly used mobile device for school work. Very few students use the hybrid tablet/laptop. . Eight in ten students report using a laptop to do school work during the school year. . High school students are far more likely than either elementary or middle school students to use their smartphones every week in order to do school work (43% vs. 20% vs. 17%). . As with their personal use of smartphones, the vast majority of students at all levels (94%) use the standard size smartphone for their school work. . As with personal ownership, elementary (43%) and middle school (38%) students are most likely to use the small tablet (7”) for school work. High school students are more likely than either elementary or middle school students to use the large tablet (10”) for their school work (45% vs. 39% vs. 31%) . Very few students at any grade level (11%) use the hybrid or 2-in-1 computer to do their school work.

10 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Executive Summary

. Most students feel that tablets can be game changers in learning, particularly when it comes to improving student engagement. For example: . Nine in ten (90%) students agree that tablets will change the way students learn in the future. . Nine in ten (89%) agree that tablets make learning more fun. . Eight in ten (81%) students agree that using tablets in the classroom lets them learn in a way that’s best for them. . Eight in ten (79%) students agree that tablets help students do better in class. . Among ethnic groups, African Americans and Hispanics appear much more optimistic than Whites about the impact that tablets will have on the classroom. White students are less likely than either African Americans or Hispanics to say that using tablets in the classroom lets them learn in a way that is best for them (79% vs. 88% vs. 86%) or that tablets help students learn better in class (77% vs. 83% vs. 84%).

. Most students at all levels feel that they know more about tablets and other computers than their teachers. . 56% of elementary school students, 65% of middle school students and 75% of high school students agree with the statement that “I know more than my teachers about how to use tablets and other computers for learning.”

11 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014

Executive Summary

. Only one in six students attends a school that provides every student with a laptop or tablet. . One in six (16%) of students attend a school where laptops or tablets are provided 1:1. . For students, the most common access to laptops and tablets at school is through either a computer lab (35%) or a set of shared, in-class computers (27%). Shared, in- class computers are much more common for elementary school students (35%) than they are for either middle school (27%) or high school students (22%). . A majority of students (51%) feel that it is important for their schools to provide them with a laptop on a 1:1 basis. This percentage is consistent across all grade levels. . Two in five students (43%) feel that it is important for their schools to provide them with a tablet 1:1 – with half of elementary (53%) and middle school students (48%) feeling this way compared to 34% of high school students.

12 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Executive Summary

. When it comes to using mobile devices in the future, students’ “wish list” for 2015 shows a marked increase for tablets, and for the hybrid tablet/laptop. Students also want to use the large size smartphone or phablet and the large tablet for their school work. . Overall, 58% of students use a laptop, notebook or Chromebook for school at least twice a week. This percentage is roughly similar to the 62% who say they would like to use a laptop, notebook or Chromebook “a great deal” during the next school year. . 29% of students report using a tablet at least twice a week for their school work. This compares to the 44% of students who say that they would like to use a tablet “a great deal” in 2015. . When looking to 2015, African American and Hispanic students are more likely than White students to want to use a tablet “a great deal” for their school work. . 30% of students report using a smartphone at least twice a week to do their school work. This percentage is similar to the 28% who want to use a smartphone “a great deal” during the next school year.

13 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Executive Summary

. Only 7% of students now report using the hybrid or 2-in-1 computer. By contrast, 32% say that they would like to use the hybrid “a great deal” in 2015. About 30% of students at all grade levels expressed interest in the hybrid. . African American and Hispanic students looking to 2015 are much more likely than White students to say they want to use the hybrid “a great deal” during the next school year (41% vs. 36% vs. 29%). . One in three students (30%) who wants to use a smartphone in 2015 wants that smartphone to be the large size phone or phablet. . Elementary school students are especially interested in the phablet (40% of elementary school students vs. 35% of middle school students vs. 24% of high school students). . When asked their preference for 2015, a majority of students in each grade level say that they want to use the large size tablet for their school work, especially middle school students: 53% elementary school students vs. 60% middle school students vs. 49% high school students.

14 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 DETAILED FINDINGS

15 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 STUDENT ATTITUDES TOWARDS TABLETS AND OTHER MOBILE DEVICES

16 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Across all grade levels, about one in three students say they are “early adopters”, among the first to try a new electronic device or gadget.

Technology Adoption

Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C) I am among the first people to check out a new electronic 34% 32% 36% 34% device or gadget

I usually wait until I see others try new technology, 53% 51% 52% 54% and then I will try it myself

I tend to wait a long time to try new technology 13% 16% 12% 11%

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school: n=750; High school: n=1001 Q705. Which best describes you about electronic devices and technology?

17 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Most students at all grade levels would like to use mobile devices more often in the classroom. This is especially true for younger students. High school students are the most likely to be satisfied with their current usage level.

Attitudes Towards Mobile Device Usage in Class

Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C)

Would like to use mobile 63% 71% 67% 56% devices more often in class C C

Using mobile devices at the 29% 20% 25% 35% right amount AB

Would like to use mobile 9% 8% 8% 9% devices less often in class

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school: n=750; High school: n=1001 Q935. Which of the following best describes how you would like to use mobile devices in class?

18 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Students at all grade levels feel that tablets make learning more fun, help them to do better in class, and to learn in a way that’s best for them. Younger students are more likely to agree on the benefits of tablets for learning.

Attitudes Towards Tablets and Digital Textbooks (% Strongly/Somewhat Agree)

Statement Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C) Tablets will change the way students will learn in the future 90% 92% 90% 90%

Tablets make learning more fun 89% 95% C 92% C 85% I would like to use digital textbooks instead of traditional print textbooks so that I wouldn't have to carry so much on my back 82% 86% C 85% C 79% Using tablets in the classroom lets me learn in a way that's best for me 81% 85% C 86% C 76%

Tablets help students do better in classes 79% 85% C 82% C 73%

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school: n=750; High school: n=1001 Q940. How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements?

19 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Across grade levels, most students say they know more about tablets and other computers than their teachers. Three quarters of high school students say they know more about technology than their teachers.

Attitudes Towards Tablets and Teachers (% Strongly/Somewhat Agree)

Statement Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C) My teachers know how to use tablets and other computers to help me learn 80% 87% C 83% C 75% I know more than my teachers about how to use tablets and other computers for learning 68% 56% 65% A 75% AB My teachers this year have shown me how to use tablets and other computers for learning 57% 70% BC 61% C 48%

20 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 STUDENT ATTITUDES TOWARDS TABLETS AND OTHER MOBILE DEVICES A Closer Look ...

Overall, students’ attitudes about technology and learning are similar to their views in 2013.

With a few exceptions, boys and girls share similar attitudes about technology and learning. . Across grade levels, boys are more likely than girls to say they are “early adopters” when it comes to new electronic devices (40% vs. 27%). . In elementary school, more boys than girls say that they would like to use mobile devices more often in class (77% vs. 65%). These gender differences do not exist among older students. . Boys and girls share similar views about tablets and learning.

21 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 STUDENT ATTITUDES TOWARDS TABLETS AND OTHER MOBILE DEVICES A Closer Look ...

Attitudes about technology and learning does vary based on students’ race or ethnic background. . Hispanics are more likely than either Whites or African Americans to consider themselves “early adopters” (43% vs. 31% vs. 37%), and to say that they would like to use mobile technologies more often in the classroom (72% vs. 60% vs. 63%). . African American students appear to be the most optimistic about the impact tablets will have on the classroom. They are more likely than either White or Hispanic students to agree that tablets will change the way students learn in the future (96% vs. 90% vs. 88%) or that tablets make learning fun (96% vs. 88% vs. 89%). . African American students are also the most likely to say that “my teachers know how to use tablets and other computers to help me learn.” (86% vs. 79% vs. 79%) . Whites are less likely than African Americans or Hispanics to say that using tablets in the classroom lets them learn in a way “that’s best for me” (79% vs. 88% vs. 86%) or that “tablets help students do better in class” (77% vs. 83% vs. 84%)

22 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 PERSONAL MOBILE DEVICE USAGE AND OWNERSHIP

23 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Older students use smartphones more and tablets less. Most elementary and middle school students use tablets regularly, but fewer than half of high school students regularly use a tablet at home or school.

Device Usage

Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C) Laptop, 77% notebook or 73% 65% 74% A Chromebook A

58% 75% Smartphone 62% 44% A AB

66% 58% Tablet 53% 42% BC C

Hybrid or “2 in 6% 4% 6% 6% 1” computer

8% None of these 5% B 4% 5%

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school: n=750; High school: n=1001 Q708. Which of the following devices do you regularly use, either at home, at school, or somewhere else?

24 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Half of elementary and middle school students own a tablet, but only 36% of high school students do. Smartphone and laptop ownership increase with grade level.

Device Ownership

Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C) 72% Smartphone 54% 22% 49% A AB

66% Laptop 53% 34% 49% A AB

51% 52% Tablet 45% 36% C C

Hybrid or “2 in 5% 4% 4% 2% 1” computer A A

None of these 16% 28% 15% 10% BC C

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school: n=750; High school: n=1001 Q710. Which of the following devices do you personally own?

25 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Nearly all smartphone owners have a standard size smartphone (such as the Apple iPhone, Samsung Galaxy S4, HTC One or Nokia Lumia). Very few own a large size smartphone or phablet.

Size of Smartphone Size Currently Owned (Among smartphone owners)

6% 8% 5% 5%

96% 94% 97% 96% Large size smartphone or "phablet") Standard size

Total (n=1208) Elementary (A) Middle School (B) High School (C) (n=106) (n=379) (n=723)

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Owns smartphone; Q715. What size is the smartphone that you personally own? (Multiple response)

26 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Small tablet ownership is the most common among elementary and middle school students. High school tablet owners are most likely to own a large tablet.

Size of Tablet Currently Owned (Among tablet owners)

30% LARGE (about 10", such 21% as the Apple iPad or 32% A 41% Google Nexus 10) AB

MEDIUM (about 8" - 9", 31% 25% such as the Amazon 28% Kindle Fire HDX 8.9, Lenovo Think Pad 8 or Samsung Galaxy Tab 5) 30%

SMALL (about 7", such as the Apple iPad Mini 2 or iPad Air, Google 51% 52% Nexus 7 or Amazon 46% C C Kindle Fire) 35%

Total (n=1023) Elementary (A) Middle School (B) High School (C) (n=265) (n=396) (n=362)

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Owns tablet; Q725. You said that you personally own a tablet. What size is the tablet(s) that you personally own? (Multiple response)

27 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 One in five middle school students and one in four high school students has a separate keyboard to use with the tablet they own.

Has Separate Keyboard to Use with Tablet They Own (Among tablet owners)

Has Separate Keyboard Total Elementary Middle School High School (n=1023) (A) (B) (C) (n=265) (n=396) (n=362) % Yes 18% 11% 18% A 23% A

Q730. Do you have a separate keyboard to use with the tablet you own?

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Owns a tablet; Q730. Do you have a separate keyboard to use with the tablet you own?

28 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 MOBILE DEVICE OWNERSHIP AND USAGE A Closer Look …

An examination of usage patterns in 2014 compared to 2013 shows that usage of both tablets and smartphones (at home, school or elsewhere) is on the rise across all grade levels.* . In 2014, regular usage of tablets was reported by 66% of elementary school students, 58% of middle school students and 42% of high school students. . In 2013, regular usage of small or full-size tablets was reported by 52% of elementary school students, 43% of middle school students and 33% of high school students.

. In 2014, regular usage of smartphones was reported by 44% of elementary school students, 58% of middle school students and 75% of high school students. . In 2013, regular usage of smartphones was reported by 35% of elementary school students, 47% of middle school students and 60% of high school students.

*Note: Because of changes in question wording, a direct comparison cannot be made.

29 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 MOBILE DEVICE OWNERSHIP AND USAGE A Closer Look …

Usage of mobile devices varies by gender, socio-economic status and race/ethnicity. . While most mobile device usage is fairly consistent across grade levels, boys in elementary school are much more likely than girls to say that they regularly use a smartphone (50% vs. 38%) . Whites and Hispanics attending secondary school (i.e., either middle or high school) are much more likely than African Americans attending secondary school to regularly use laptops (76% vs. 82% vs. 65%). . African Americans and Hispanics attending secondary school are far more likely than Whites attending secondary school to report regularly using smartphones (74% vs. 75% vs. 64%). . African Americans and Hispanics attending secondary school are far more likely to report regularly using tablets than Whites attending secondary school (56% vs. 55% vs. 46%). . Students whose parents attended college or graduate school (a proxy for higher socio- economic status) are much more likely than students whose parents attended high school or less or some college to report regularly using tablets (59% vs. 47% vs. 51%).

30 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 MOBILE DEVICE USAGE FOR SCHOOL WORK

31 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 About half of students have used tablets or smartphones to do their school work during the school year.

Ever Uses Mobile Device for School Work (Among All Students)

Laptop, notebook or Chromebook 20% 80% computer

Tablet 51% 49%

Smartphone 53% 47%

Hybrid or '2-in-1' computer 89% 11%

Has Never Used Has Ever Used

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total n=2252 Q805. During this school year, how often do you use any of the following devices to do school work? (Never, a few times a year, a few times a month, 2-3 times a week, 4-5 times a week, every day)

32 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Three in ten students use smartphones or tablets on a weekly basis to do their school work.

Mobile Device Usage for School Work (Among All Students)

Laptop, notebook or Chromebook 20% 22% computer 58%

Tablet 51% 19% 29%

Smartphone 53% 18% 30%

Hybrid or '2-in-1' computer 89% 4%7%

Never A few times a month or less 2 - 3 times a week or more

33 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 High school students use smartphones more often than they use tablets for school work. Tablet usage is most common among elementary school students.

Mobile Device Usage for School Work (By Grade Level) Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C) 72% 77% 86% AB Laptop, nottebook or 28% 28% 23% 56% 66% 44% 22% 14% 20% Chromebook C BC C A AB computer 56% BC 48% 45%

34% 52% 55% Tablet 44% 22% 18% 30% 19% 27% C A A

28% 40% A 62% AB

72% 60% 19% 19% 43% Smartphone 11% 17% 20% 38% BC C A A AB

10% 11% 12% Hybrid or '2- in-1' 90% 5% 5% 89% 4% 7% 88% 4% 8% computer Never Never Never

Few times a month or less Few times a month or less Few times a month or less

2 times a week or more 2 times a week or more 2 times a week or more

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Elementary: n=501; Middle school students: n=750; High school students: n=1001 Q805. During this school year, how often do you use any of the following devices to do school work? (Never, a few times a year, a few times a month, 2-3 times a week, 4-5 times a week, every day)

34 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Elementary school students are most likely to use a small tablet for their school work. High school students are most likely to use a large tablet, while middle school students are equally likely to use a small or large tablet.

Size of Tablet for School Work (Among tablet users)

LARGE (about 10", such as the Apple iPad or Google Nexus 10) 31% 39% 39% 45% A MEDIUM (about 8" - 9", such as the Amazon Kindle Fire HDX 8.9, 27% Lenovo Think Pad 8 or Samsung Galaxy Tab 5) 25% 23% 26% SMALL (about 7", such as the Apple iPad Mini 2 or iPad Air, Google Nexus 7 or Amazon Kindle Fire) 43% 38% 35% C C 29%

Total (n=1133) Elementary (A) Middle School (B) High School (C) (n=281) (n=388) (n=464)

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Ever uses a tablet for school work; Q808. You said that you have used a tablet for schoolwork this year. What size is the tablet that you use most often for schoolwork?

35 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 As with the tablets they own, one in five middle school students and one in four high school students has a separate keyboard to use with the tablet they use most often for schoolwork.

Has Separate Keyboard to Use with Tablet Used Most Often for School Work (Among tablet users)

Has Separate Keyboard Total Elementary Middle School High School (n=1133) (A) (B) (C) (n=281) (n=388) (n=464) % Yes 18% 10% 18% A 23% A

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Ever uses a tablet for school work; Q815. Do you have a separate keyboard to use with the tablet you use most often for schoolwork?

36 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 MOBILE DEVICE USAGE FOR SCHOOL A Closer Look …

Smartphone usage for school work varies by gender and race/ethnicity. . High school girls are more likely than boys to say that they “ever” use a smartphone for school work during the school year (67% vs. 58%). . Hispanic and African American students are overall more likely than Whites to say that they “ever” use a smartphone for school work during the school year (61% vs. 53% vs. 43%). Hispanic and African American students are also more likely than Whites to say that they “ever” use tablets to do their school work during the school year (60% vs. 52% vs. 45%).

37 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 MOBILE DEVICE USAGE AT SCHOOL

38 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Only one in six students say that their school provides either a laptop or tablet on a one-to-one basis.

Providing Computers to Students

1-to-1 LAPTOP/TABLET (NET)

16% (N=2252) 11% 6% 10% 1-to-1 tablet program 12% 27% 1-to-1 laptop program

BYOD (students supply own comuters)

Computer lab 35% Student sharing of in-class computers or tablets None

Elementary School Middle School High School Providing Computers to Students (A) (B) (C) Base: 501 750 1001 1-TO-1 LAPTOP/TABLET (NET) 11% 16% A 18% A BYOD (students bring their own computers 7% 9% 16% AB Students share a set of in-class computers 35% BC 27% C 22% Computers or tablets available in a central 39% 35% 33% computer lab None of these 9% 13% A 11%

Q807. Which of the following best describes the computers or tablets you use at school?

39 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Roughly half of students think it is “extremely important” or “very important” for schools to provide each student with a laptop. Half of elementary and middle school students feel this way about providing students with tablets.

How Important for School to Provide Each Student With … % Saying Extremely/Very Important

Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C)

A Laptop 51% 53% 53% 48%

A Tablet 43% 53% 48% 34% C C

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Total students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school: n=750; High school: n=1001 Q950. How important do you think it is that your school provides a laptop for each student? Q955. How important do you think it is that your school provides a tablet for each student?

40 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Two-thirds of students use laptops and other mobile devices at school on a daily basis. Middle and high school students are less likely to use tablets daily.

Daily Usage of Mobile Devices

Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C) Laptop, 49% notebook or 45% 40% 44% Chromebook A

26% Smartphone 16% 4% 10% A AB

21% Tablet 18% 19% 15% C

Hybrid or “2 in 3% 2% 1% 3% 1” computer A

40% 35% 28% None of these 33% C C

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school: n=750; High school: n=1001 Q897 On a typical school day, which of these do you use at school for school work? Please select all that apply.

41 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Most students use one mobile device at school on an average day.

Mean Number of Devices Used Total – 1.2 Elementary – 1.1 Number of Mobile Devices Used Daily Middle School – 1.2 A High School – 1.3 AB

Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C)

40% 35% None of these 33% None of these None of these None of these 28% C C

One Device 55% One Device 55% One Device 55% One Device 55%

7% 15% Two Devices 10% Two Devices 4% Two Devices Two Devices A AB

3 - 4 Devices 2% 3 - 4 Devices 1% 3 - 4 Devices 2% 3 - 4 Devices 2%

42 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 MOBILE DEVICE USAGE AT SCHOOL A Closer Look …

Students who use 2 or more mobile devices during a typical school day primarily use laptops (82%) and smartphones (72%). Just over half of students use tablets (56%), while few use hybrids (10%). . While the percentage is small, Hispanics are more likely than either Whites or African Americans to report using 3 or more devices during a typical school day (4% vs. 1% vs. 2%). Students who say they only use one device during a typical school day are three times as likely to say that the device is a laptop than a tablet (64% vs. 21%) and nearly six times as likely to say that the device is a laptop (64%) than a smartphone (64% vs. 13%). . African Americans are much more likely than either Whites or Hispanics to say that they use only one device during a typical school day (62% vs. 54% vs. 55%).

43 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 USING THE INTERNET AT SCHOOL

44 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 93% of students have Wi-Fi access to the Internet at home vs. 62% who have wireless access at school.

Wireless Internet Access % Saying “Yes”

Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C)

95% 93% 90% 93% At home A

60% 71% 62% 47% At school A AB

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total Students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school students: n=750; High school students: n=1001 Q745. Do you have wireless internet access (Wi-Fi)…?

45 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 xxx

About one in ten students say they need daily Internet access while on the way to school in order to do their school work.

How Often Do You Need to be Connected to the Internet to Do School Work?

Total Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C)

17% 30% 18% 26% 34% 14% 22% 36% 27% 37% 16% 21% 35% 10% 19% 37% At school C BC C A AB

On the way to school 79% 64% 14% 12% 9% 10% 7% 4% 67% 10% 17% 17% 10% BC 13% 10% 55% (i.e., in a C A A AB A bus or car)

10% 27% 21% 38% 47% 6% 19% 35% 40% 34% 29% 7% 34% 4%13% 36% At home C BC C A AB

Never Never Never Never A few times a month or less A few times a month or less A few times a month or less A few times a month or less 2 - 5 times a week 2 - 5 times a week 2 - 5 times a week 2 - 5 times a week Everyday Everyday Everyday Everyday

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school: n=750; High school: n=1001 Q875. How often do you need to be connected to the Internet to do your schoolwork when you are in the following places?

46 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 A quarter of elementary school students, a third of middle school students, and half of high school students say that students in their grades have the ability to visit websites blocked by their school.

Use of Websites Blocked by School at School Ability to Visit

Number of Students Total Elementary Middle School High School Able to Go to Blocked Websites (A) (B) (C)

ALL/MOST/SOME (NET) 39% 23% 35% A 50% AB - All 4% 3% 3% 6% AB - Most 11% 5% 8% A 16% AB - Some 24% 16% 23% A 29% AB VERY FEW/NONE (NET) 53% 70% BC 57% C 42% - Very few 21% 19% 20% 23% - None 32% 51% BC 37% C 18% My school does not block any websites 8% 6% 8% 8%

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school: n=750; High school: n=1001 Q890. How many of the students in your grade are able to go to websites at school that your school tries to block?

47 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Although students report that blocked sites are accessible from their schools, they are also most likely to say that they themselves never visit these sites. Not surprisingly, high school students are most likely to visit blocked sites, at least sometimes.

Use of Websites Blocked by School at School Actually Visited

How Often Have You Gone to Total Elementary Middle School High School Blocked Websites (A) (B) (C)

VERY OFTEN/OFTEN/SOMETIMES 20% 9% 16% A 29% AB (NET) - Very Often 3% * 2% A 5% AB - Often 4% 2% 3% 6% AB - Sometimes 14% 7% 12% A 19% AB RARELY/NEVER (NET) 74% 86% BC 76% C 66% - Rarely 19% 14% 18% 21% A - Never 55% 71% BC 58% C 44% My school does not block any websites 6% 5% 8% 6%

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Qualified and grades 4-12: Total students: n=2252; Elementary: n=501; Middle school: n=750; High school: n=1001 Q895. How often have you gone to websites at school that your school tries to block?

48 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 USING MOBILE DEVICES IN THE FUTURE

49 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Students’ “wish list” for 2015 shows a marked increase for tablets and hybrids.

Desire to Use Mobile Devices Currently Uses for School Work Device 2X a Week or More Laptop, notebook or Chromebook 15% 23% computer 62% 58%

Tablet 32% 24% 44% 29%

Smartphone 49% 23% 28% 30%

Hybrid or '2-in-1' computer 50% 18% 32% 7%

A Little/Not at All Some A lot/A great deal

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Total students n=2252 Q900. Next school year, how much do you want to use each of the following devices to do school work?

50 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Roughly one-in-three students at each grade level would be interested in using a hybrid for school work next year.

Desire to Use Mobile Devices for School Work (By Grade Level)

Elementary Middle School High School (A) (B) (C)

Laptop, notebook or 17% C 24% 59% 16% 22% 62% 24% 63% Chromebook 12% computer

Tablet 23% 22% 55% BC 28% 24% 48% C 39% AB 25% 36%

Smartphone 58% BC 21% 21% 52% C 21% 27% A 43% 26% 31% A

Hybrid or '2- in-1' 49% 18% 34% 47% 18% 35% C 54% B 17% 29% computer A Little/Not at All A Little/Not at All A Little/Not at All

Some Some Some

A lot/A great deal A lot/A great deal A lot/A great deal

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Elementary: n=501; Middle school students: n=750; High school students: n=1001 Q900. Next school year, how much do you want to use each of the following devices to do school work?

51 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Elementary and middle school students are especially interested in using large phones or phablets for school work in the future.

What Size Smartphone to Use? (Among those who want to use a smartphone next year)

24% 30% 40% 35% C C

Large size 76% smartphone or 70% 65% AB "phablet") 60% Standard size

Total (n=1555) Elementary (A) Middle School (B) High School (C) (n=302) (n=512) (n=741)

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Wants to use smartphone for school work at least a little Q922.You said that you are interested in using a smartphone for schoolwork next year. What size is the smartphone that you are interested in using for schoolwork?

52 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Elementary and, especially, middle school students who want to use a tablet next year show a strong desire to use the large tablet for their school work.

What Size Tablet to Use? (Among those who want to use a tablet next year)

LARGE (about 10", such as the Apple iPad or Google Nexus 10) 54% 53% 60% 49% MEDIUM (about 8" - 9", AC such as the Amazon Kindle Fire HDX 8.9, Lenovo Think Pad 8 or Samsung Galaxy Tab 5) SMALL (about 7", such 29% 31% as the Apple iPad Mini 2 27% B or iPad Air, Google B 22% Nexus 7 or Amazon Kindle Fire) 19% 18% 18% 20%

Total (n=1790) Elementary (A) Middle School (B) High School (C) (n=447) (n=622) (n=721)

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level. Base: Wants to use tablet for school work at least a little. Q907. You said that you are interested in using a tablet for schoolwork next year. What size is the tablet that you are interested in using for school work?

53 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 USING MOBILE DEVICES IN THE FUTURE A Closer Look …

The desire to use future mobile technologies in the classroom is stronger among African American and Hispanic students. . Girls in secondary school (i.e., middle and high school) are more interested in using smartphones to do their school work than boys in secondary school (33% vs. 26%). By contrast, the desire to use tablets for next year’s school work does not show significant differences by gender. . A majority of both boys and girls want to use the large 10” tablet to do their school work. However, boys are more likely than girls to want to use the large tablet (57% vs. 51%). . African American and Hispanic students appear much more interested in expanding their use of mobile technologies than White students. For the 2015 school year, African American and Hispanic students are more interested than White students in using: . A tablet (51% vs. 51% vs. 41%); . A smartphone (33% vs. 39% vs. 24%); . A hybrid (41% vs. 36% vs. 29%).

54 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

55 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Student Profile

Demographic Elementary Middle School High School Total (A) (B) (C)

Base: 2252 501 750 1001 Gender Male 51% 51% 53% 50% Female 49% 49% 47% 50% Grade 4th – 5th Grade 21% 100% 6th – 8th Grade 35% 100% 9th – 12th Grade 44% 100%

Race/Ethnicity

White 60% 60% 60% 61%

Black/African American 15% 14% 15% 15% Hispanic 16% 18% 16% 15% Other 8% 7% 7% 9% Highest Level of Parental Education High school or less 26% 29% 25% 25%

Some college/Associate degree/Job training after high school 40% 34% 40% A 41% A

College degree 22% 22% 22% 22%

Some graduate school/Graduate degree 13% 15% 13% 13%

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level.

56 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Student Profile

Elementary Middle School High School Total (A) (B) (C)

Base: 2252 501 750 1001

School Type Public school 85% 87% 83% 85% Private or parochial school 9% 8% 10% 8% Home-schooled 6% 5% 7% 6% School Location Urban 29% 28% 30% 28% Suburban 42% 41% 41% 43% Rural 29% 31% 29% 28%

Type of Classes

Taking an online course this year 12% - 9% 15% B Took an online course in the past 15% - 10% 19% B Never took an online course 77% - 84% C 71% Region East 20% 19% 19% 22% Midwest 23% 22% 23% 24% South 34% 35% 35% 32% West 23% 25% 23% 23%

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level.

57 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Tech Users and Tablet Owners Profile

Uses Uses Uses Owns Does Not Demographic 2 – 4 Devices 1 Device 0 Devices Tablet Own Tablet (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

Base: 274 1232 746 1023 1229 Gender Male 49% 51% 52% 51% 52% Female 51% 49% 48% 49% 48%

Grade 4th – 5th Grade 9% 21% A 25% AB 24% E 19% 6th – 8th Grade 27% 35% A 38% A 41% E 30% 9th – 12th Grade 64% BC 44% C 37% 35% 51% D

Race/Ethnicity

White 49% 59% A 67% AB 57% 63% D

Black/African American 16% 16% C 12% 16% 14% Hispanic 24% BC 16% 14% 18% 15% Other 11% 8% 7% 8% 7% Highest Level of Parental Education High school or less 25% 26% 26% 25% 27% Some college/Associate degree/Job training after high school 36% 39% 41% 37% 40% College degree 24% 21% 21% 23% 20%

Some graduate school/Graduate degree 15% 14% 12% 14% 12%

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level.

58 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014 Tech Users and Tablet Owners Profile

Uses Uses Uses Owns Does Not Demographic 2 – 4 Devices 1 Device 0 Devices Tablet Own Tablet (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

Base: 274 1232 746 1023 1229

School Type Public school 84% 85% 86% 85% 85% Private or parochial school 12% 9% 8% 10% E 7% Home-schooled 4% 6% 6% 4% 7% D School Location Urban 34% C 30% G 24% 29% 29% Suburban 40% 42% 43% 45% E 40% Rural 26% 28% 33% 27% 31% D Type of Classes

Taking an online course this year 24% BC 14% B 4% 15% E 10%

Took an online course in the past 24% BC 17% B 8% 15% 15% Never took an online course 60% 74% A 90% AB 75% 79% Region East 21% 19% 22% 22% 19% Midwest 22% 26% C 19% 23% 23%

South 32% 34% 33% 34% 33%

West 25% 21% 26% 21% 25%

Letters indicate significant differences at the 95% confidence level.

59 Pearson Student Mobile Device Survey: Grades 4 through 12 May 9, 2014