El 072 Volume 9
Fuzhou World Bank Financed Project Public Disclosure Authorized Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot Project
Environmental Impact Public Disclosure Authorized Report Public Disclosure Authorized
Employer: Fuzhou Municipal Engineering Development and Construction Corporation
January, 2005 Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Employer: Fuzhou Municipal Transport Commission
Preparation unit: Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection
Legal representative: Luo Jiahai
General technical superintendent: Cui Xia
Project Mlanager: Xu Guanfu
Coordination Unit: Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Supervision Station
Preparation By: Environ mental Name Tittle Assessment Responsible Content Signature Certificate No. General, Natural .u Senior Enviornment Profile, Xu Senior A28020052 Current Ambient Air Guanfu Engineer Conditions and Impact Assessment Current Status of Water Pena Engineer A28020044 Assessment, Rimsck Evaluation Current Status of Sound Wang Senior Environment, Impact Wang Senior A28020024 Assessment, and Weide Engineer Environment Monitoring Plan Lu Yan Assistant A28020058 Public Participation, Lugnee Yan A28020Alternative Proposal Wang Engineering Analysis, Wang Engineer A28020039 Mitigation Measures and Junbo Feasiblilty Analysis
Technical Review By: Environmental Name Tittle Assessment Responsible Content Signature Certificate No. Luo Senior A28020001 Reveiw Jiahai Engineer Zhang Senior A28020016 Revew Jinhong Engineer
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection &Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Supervision Station Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Table of Content
I GENERAL ...... 6
1.1 REASONS AND PURPOSE FOR THE PROJECT REPORT ...... 6 1.1.1 Necessity and reasonsfor the project construction...... 6 I 1.2 Purpose of assessment...... 6 1.2 PREPARATION REFERENCES ...... 7 1.3 APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS FOR ASSESSNIENT ...... 7 1.4 ASSESSMENT STANDARDS ...... 9 1.5 ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTIONAL DISTRICTS OF THE PLANNED PROJECT AREA AND THE EXECUTION STANDARDS ...... 9 1.5.1 Functional districts of sound environment ...... 9 1.5.2 Functionaldistricts of ambient air...... 10 1.5.3 Functionaldistricts of water environment and execution standards...... 10 1.6 SCOPE OF ASSESSMENT ...... 10 1.7 MAIN TECHNOLOGIES AND MEASURES FOR THE ASSESSMENT ...... 10 1.8 SELECTION OF ASSESSMENT FACTORS ...... 11 1.9 CLASSES OF ASSESSMENT ...... I1 1.9.1 Classification measures stipulated in OP4.01 of World Bank...... 11 1.9.2 Classification of domestic environmental impact assessment ...... 11
2 OVERVIEW OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT AND PROJECT ANALYSIS . 12
2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT . .12 2.1.1 Property of the construction project.12 2.1.2 Construction location and land acquisition.12 2.1.3 Contents and scale of the construction project.12 2.2 ENGINEERING ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT . .15 2.2.1 Generalplane layout. 15 2.2.2 Watersystem.IS 2.2.3 Analysis of main pollutant sorces .16 2.2.4 Hazard analysis of the petroleumrl and gas station.20
3. ENVIRONNIENTAL CONDITION IN THE INFLUENCE AREA OF THE PLANNED PROJECT ...... 22
3.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 22 3.1.1 Location.22 3.1.2 Geological and topographicalfeatures.22 3.1.3 Weather and climate. 22 3.1.4 Hydrologicalgeology .23 3.1.5 Soil. 24 3.1.6 Water basin and hydrologic general conditions.24 3.1.7 Seismic generalcondition ...... 25 3.2 STATUS QUO AND PLANNING OF THE SOCIETY IN FUZHOU ...... 25 3.2.1 Urban character...... 25 3.2.2 Geologicalposition ...... 25
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection &Fujian Provincial Radiation Environnment Supervision Station 2 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
3.2.3 Economic and social status quo of Fuzhou City andNantai Island ...... 27 3.3 OVERALL PLAN OF FUZHOU CITY ...... 29 3.3.1 Developrnent objectives of Fuzhou City .29 3.3.2 Development scale of Fuzhou City .29 3.3.3 Development planning of Nantai Island.30 3.3.4 Functionalarrangement .31 3.4 Status and Development Planning of Municipal Traffic .32 3.4.1 Status and problems of road traffic in Fuzhou City .33 3.4.2 The goal of traffic development .34 3.4.3 Survey of Public Traffic.36 3.5 Sensitive ProtectedGoals SurroundingProposed Parking Lot .40
4 STATUS MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENT QUALITY . 43
4.1 Status Monitoring and Assessment of Environment Quality.43 4.1.1 Location of monitoringpoints .43 4.1.2 Monitoring items .43 4.1.3 Sampling time and analysis methods of monitoringites .43 4 1.4 Assessment standard.44 4.1.5 Monitoringresults and assessrment of environmental air.44 4.2 Mvfonitoring and Assessment of Noise Status .45 4.2.1 Monitoring method .45 4.2.2 Setting monitoringpoints .45 4.2.3 Monitoring tine.45 4 2.4 Assessment standardofsound environment status.45 4.2.5 Monitoring results and assessment ofsound environment status.46 4.3 Status Assessment of Water Environment Quality.46 4.3.1 Assessment methods .47 4.3.2 Assessment of water environment status.48
5 ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 49
5.1 Noise Impact Analysis during Construction Period.49 5.2 Impact Analysis and Mitigation Countermeasuresof Environmental Air Quality during Construction Period .. 51 5.2.1 Analysis of atmospherepollution source during constructionperiod. 51 5.2.2 Impact analysis of atmosphere environment during construction period. 51 5.3 I/mpact Assessment of Ecological Environment during Construction Period 52 5.4 Impact Assessment of Water Environment during Construction Period.52
6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT DURING OPERATION PERIOD. 55
6.1 Analysis of Impact on Air Environment 55 6.1.1 Analysis of the source of pollution. 55 6.1.2 Mode of atmospheric diffusion. 55 6.1.3 Parameters of atmospheric diffusion. 56 6.1.4 Wind speed and wind direction on ground surface.57
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection &Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Supervision Station 3 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
6.1.5 Predicted results and assessment...... 58 6.2 Environmental Impact Assessment of Water ...... 59 6.3 EnvironmentalImpact Assessment of Noise during Operation Period [PI1] ...... 60
7 INMPACT ANALYSIS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT ...... 61
7.1 Contents and Methods of Special Assessment and Impacted Sensitive Targets ...... 61 7.1.1 Contents of special assessment...... 61 7.1.2 Assessment standard...... 61 7.2 Mfeasuring Results of Power-Frequency ElectromagneticField in the Project Site ...... 62 7.2.1 Monitoring instrument...... 62 7.2.2 Monitoring conditions...... 63 7.2.3 Layout of monitoringpoints ...... 63 7.2.4 Monitoring results...... 65 7.3 Impact Analysis of Power-Frequency ElectromagneticField ...... 67 7.3.1 The power-frequency electriefield's impact on personnel...... 67 7.3.2 The power-frequency magneticfields impact on personnel...... 67 7.3.3 The po wer-frequency magneticfield s impact on CRT display ...... 68 7.4 ANALYSIS OF IMPACT ON RADIO INTERFERENCE ...... 68 7.4.1 Categories of communications equipment...... 68 7.4.2 Intensity of receiving signal of interfered communications equipment ...... 68 7.5 RISK IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON THE TRANSFORMER SUBSTATION AND HIGH-VOLTAGE TROLLY WIRE 71 7.6 CONCLUSION AND COUNTERMEASURES ...... 71 7.6 1 Conclusion...... 71 7.6.2 Countermeasures...... 72 7.6.3 Suggestion...... 72
8 RISK ANALYSIS AND BUILDING PRELIMINARY PLAN FOR EMIERGENCY ...... 73
8.1 CATEGORIES OF ACCIDENTS AND RISK ANALYSIS ...... 73 8.1.1 Risk analysis offueling ...... 74 8.2 KEY POINTS OF EMERGENCY TREATMENT ...... 75 8.3 DIVISION OF WORK FOR EMERGENCY TREATMENT ...... 75 8.4 EMERGENCY TREATMENT AND EMERGENCY PLAN FOR THE MAJOR ACCIDENTS ...... 76 8 4.1 Emergency treatmentfor the engineering project ...... 76 8.4.2 Emergency treatment in reservoir area...... 78 8.4.3 Preliminaryplan for emergency of social rescue...... 80 8.4.4 Briefsummary ...... 81
9 EVALUATION AND SUGGESTION OF COUNTERMEASURESS FOR POLLUTION TREATMENT.84
9.1 COUNTERMEASURESS FOR SEWAGE TREATMENT AND FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS ...... 84 9.2 COUNTERMEASURESS FOR WASTE GAS TREATMENT ...... 86 9.3 PREVENTION AND TREATMENT FOR NOISE ...... 86 9.4 COUNTERMEASURESS FOR DANGEROUS ARTICLES ...... 86 9.5 POLLUTION PREVENTION MEASURES DURING PROJECT CONSTRUCTION ...... 87
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection &Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Supervision Station 4 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
9.6 ESTIMATION OF INVESTMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECT ...... 89
10 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ...... 90
10.1 PURPOSE AND MEANING OR PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ...... 90 0.4 FIRST PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SURVEY ...... 90 10 4.1 Investigation M ethod and Content ...... 90 10 4.2 Statistics and analysis offindings of public opinions...... 91 10.5 SECOND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SURVEY ...... 93 10. S.1 Supporting opinionsforconstruction of the Project...... 94 10.5.2 Issues worried by the interviewees ...... 94 10.6 BRIEF SUMMARY ON PUBLIC PARTICIPATION OPINIONS ...... 95
11 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ...... 96
11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MANAGEMENT ...... 96 11.1.1 Environmentalmanagement agency ...... 96 11.1.2 Environmentalmanagement responsibilities...... 96 11.1.3 Personnel training...... 99 11.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN . . .100...... ,o 11.2.1 Monitoring points...... 100 11.2.2 Items, frequencies and durations ...... 100 11.2.3 Monitoring data analysis and management ...... 101
12 MAIN CONCLUSIONS OF ASSESSMENT ...... 103
12.1 NECESSITY OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECT .103 12.2 ASSESSMENT ON THE CURRENT STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY .103 12.3 ASSESSMENT ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DURING THE OPERATION PERIOD .104 12.4 ASSESSMENT ON ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT .105 12.5 RISK ANALYSIS AND EMERGENCY SCHEME .106 12.6 ANALYSIS OF COUNTERMEASURES FOR POLLUTION MITIGATION .106 12.7 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION .106 12.8 1 ...... 107
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protecton &Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Supervision Station 5 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
1. General
1.1 Reasons and Purpose for the Project Report
1.1.1 Necessity and reasons for the project construction
Urban public traffic is a crucial component of city traffic, and public service plays an important role in the quality of the urban citizens' life. During the construction period of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", the social economy in Fuzhou City has made a rapid progress, the urban city scale has been extended, the population and the land layout of the city have been changed a lot, and meanwhile the public traffic has been altered foundamentally. With the guidance of the policies of "Make a great change in three years" and "Give priority to public traffic" of the CPC committee and the municipal government of Fuzhou, the public traffic thereof starts to get out of the bad condition and has made a speedy improvement with various items of indexes altered qualitatively. However, planning and construction of the stations, maintaining yards, junction station, and the first and last bus stops of the public traffic lack systematicality; and the first and last bus stops, the stations and stops are short of land use. The above factors restrict the further development and betterment of the public traffic. Therefore, the CPC committee and municipal government of Fuzhou decide to build Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot to supplement for the public traffic stations in downtown area and the new city area so as to improve the service level and quality of public traffic.
The project is close to Pushang Industrial Zone. Opposite to Pushang Road is the Jinshan residential area in planning, to the west is Jinshan Park, and to the north is the substation and Pushang long-distance passenger transport station. The capital raised for construction of this project is to apply for World Bank financing together with Kuiqi Bridge.
In accordance with stipulations in Measures for Environmental Impact Assessment of People's Republic of China, State Council of PRC No. 253 Regulations on the Administration of Constnrction Project Environmental Protection, and The World Bank Operational Manual- Environmental Assessment (OP4.01), environmental impact assessment must be carried out for construction projects. In June of 2004, authorized by Fuzhou Traffic Committee, Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection (Certificate No. of environment assessment: GHPZJZ 2802) undertakes the preparation of the Environmental Impact Assessment Statement oj Jinshtan Central Bus Parking Lot of' Fuzlou City.
1.1.2 Purpose of assessment
The project will undoubtedly solve the increasingly serious problem of maintenance of buses in Fuzhou. However, whether the construction and operation period will harm the natural and social environment or not is under attention. This assessment aims at as per regulations and standards like Environmental Protection Law of People's Republic of China, carrying out investigation on the environmental quality status of atmosphere, sewage and noise etc. in the planned area of the project, analyzing the pollutants in the lIT ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~6 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
project, sufficiently understanding and objectively assessing impacts on the natural, social and economical environments and putting forward mitigation measures of environment influence and plans for pollution control so as to realize the harnonious development of economic advancement and environmental protection in the construction and operation of the project, and to give full play to the benefits of the project.
1.2 Preparation References
(1) State Council No. 253,Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection Nov.,1998;
(2) Law of the People's Republic of China on the Environmental Impact Assessment (executed from Sep. 1, 2003);
(3) HUAN JIAN (1993) No. 324 Notice on Strengthening Management Upon Environmental Impact Assessment of Projects Funded by International Financial Organizations;
(4) The World Bank Operational Manual- Environmental Assessment(OP4.01) ;
(5) The World Bank Operational Manual- Natural Habitats.(OP4.04);
(6) The World Bank Operational Manual-Management Of Cultural Property In Bank-Financed Projects (OP4.1 1);
(7) Letter of Trust by Fuzhou Municipal Development Planning Commission to Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection for Preparation of the Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
(8) Projet Proposal on Parking Area Construction of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station (Including Feasiblitly Study Report);
(9) Outline of Environmental Impact Assessment on the World Bank Financed Parking Area Construction of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station;
(10) Minutes of Meeting on Technical Evaluation of the Outline of Environmental Impact Assessment upon Parking Area Construction of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station (Oct.27-29, 2004)
1.3 Applicable Laws and Regulations for Assessment
(1) Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China (Dec.1989);
(2) Law of the People' s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution (Oct. 1996);
(3) Law of the People' s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of ,)9Il+-i yrn4*bif &493 7 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Atmospheric Pollution (Amended on Apr.2000);
(4) Law of the People' s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution (Amended on May 1996);
(5) Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste (Oct.1995)
(6) Notice on Publication of the " Sites for Construction Project Environmental Protection (The 1st Batch) (Natioanl Envionmental Protection Bureau [200 1]No.17);
(7) Provisions on the Environmental Administration of Electromagnetic Radiation (Mar.25,1997);
(8) Technical Specification for Environmental Impact Assessment of Electromagnetic Radiation in 500kV Supertension Power Transmission and Transformation Projects (HJ/T 24-1998);
(9) Guideline on Environmental Protection Administration of Radiation- Procedure and Standard for Environmental Impact Assessment of Electromagnetic Radiation (HJ/T 10.3-1996)
(10) Guideline on Environmental Protection Administration of Radiation- Monitoring Instrument and Methods for Electromagnetic Radiation (HJ/T 10.2-1996);
(11) Regulations of Fujiang Province on Environmental Protection 2002; (12) Overall Planing of Fuzhou City (1995-2010);
(13) Regulations of Fuzhou Municipality on Environmental Protection 2002; (14) Urban Environment Planning of Fuzhou City (Sep. 2001);
(15) Environment Planning of Nantai Island of Fuzhou City (Sep.2000);
(16) Measures of Fuzhou MunicipalityforManagement upon Urban Afforestation and Greening (2001);
(17) Procedure for Measurement of Environmental Noise in Urban Area (GB/T14623-93)
(18) Industrial Standard of People's Republic of China on Environmental Protection-Technical Guidelines for Emvironmental Impalct Assessment (HJ/T2.1 -2.3-93);
(19) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (Sound Environment)(HJ/T2.4-1995)
(20) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (Non-pollution Ecological Impact) (HJ/T19-1997)
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1.4 Assessment Standards (1) Category II and VI standards in Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93);
(2) Noise limit in various construction phasts in Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB12523-96);
(3) Catogory II standards in Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) and the amendment; (4) Limits and Measurement Methods for Wmissions from Light-duty Vehicles( I ) (GB18352.1-2001);
(5) Limits and Measurement Methods for Wmissions from Light-duty Vehicles (It) (GB18352.2-2001)
(6) The second section of Limits and Measurement Method for Exhaust Pollutants from Compression Ignition (C.I.) Engines of Vehicles (GB17691-2001) (7) Limits and measurement methods for exhaust emissions from positive ignition (PI) engines of vehicles and vehicles equipped with PI Engines (GB 14762-2002)
(8) Category III standard in Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002)
(9) Control Standards for Total Quantity of Pollutant Discharge in Minjiang River (DB35/321-2001);
(10) Class III standard in Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-96).
1.5 Assessment of the Environmental Functional Districts of the Planned Project Area and the Execution Standards
1.5.1 Functional districts of sound environment
According to the regulations of (./rban Enmironnicnt Planning ot'f Ful.zho Cityl, the functional districts in the assessment scope of sound environment are mainly Category II district and Category VI district, and thus the sound environmental quality shall apply Category II and Category VI standards specified in GB3096-93. Thereinto, the west and north sides of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot are roads. The west and north peripheries are Category VI districts, and the east and south peripheries are Category II districts. The standard values of environmental noise in these functional districts are detailedly shown in Table 1.5-1. Table 1.5-1 Standard Values of Sound Environment Quality Assessment Unit: dB(A) Class Day Night T Peripheries Reference
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4 70 55 West and North Standardof I______Environmental 2 60 50 East and South Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93)
1.5.2 Functional districts of ambient air
In accordance with related contents in Urban Environment Planinigt of FuzIhou City, the whole area of the assessment scope of ambient air in this project can be classified as Category II functional districts of ambient air, and shall apply the standard for Category II stipulated in Ambient Air Quality .Standardls and the revised edition. The detailed standard values are shown in Table 1.5-2.
Table 1.5-2 Standard Values of Ambient Air Quality Unit: mg/m3 Factors for Sampling Time Density Reference surveillance and Limit assessment CO I Hour 10.00 Ambient Air Quality Standards NO2 t Hour 0.24 (GB3095-1996) Category II PM,0 24Hours 0.15 standard
1.5.3 Functional districts of water environment and execution standards
The project sewage shall be discharged into Jinshan Sewage Treatment Plant and the final reception water body is Beigang in reference with the Category III standard of GB3838-2002.
1.6 Scope of Assessment
(1) Atmospheric environment: peripheries within 200m of the borderline of the selected area of the project;
(2) Sound environment: the scope within Im of the borderline of the maintenance yard.
1.7 Main Technologies and Measures for the Assessment
The environmental impact assessment will be carried out according to the stipulations of HUAN JIAN (1993] No. 324, the requirements of The. World Bank Operational Manual- Environmental Assessment (OP4.01) and the technical guidelines and criteria about assessment issued by the Environmental Protection Bureau of the country. On the basis of the first-hand investigation and survey of the project area, set up sampling locations of ambient air and noise for regular monitoring and experimental analysis. In combination with the monitoring data of the area in recent years, accurately determine the environmental quality status of the area. Adopt relevant mathematical models to carry out environmental impact assessment and bring forward corresponding measures for pollution control.
P )II;)+1_F 10 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
1.8 Selection of Assessment Factors As per the sewage features of construction projects, the following factors are selected for assessment:
(I) Atmospheric environment: Status quo: PM1o, NO2; Impact forcast: NO2, hvdrocarbon (not inclulde C04), CO.
(2) Sound environment: noise during construction and operation period
(3) Water environment: for status quo, pH value, COD, BOD, DO, petroleum, and NH3-N 1.9 Classes of Assessment
1.9.1 Classification measures stipulated in OP4.01 of World Bank In accordance with the classification measures stipulated in The World Bank Operational Manual- Environmental Assessment (OP4.01), and as per the pollution characteristics of construction projects, source intensity of the pollutants and the environmental status of the project area, a comprehensive environmental assessment is required for the project construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot of Fuzhou, which is classified as Category A.
1.9.2 Classification of domestic environmental impact assessment Different from that of the World Bank, the environmental impact assessments in China as per the technical guidelines of environmental impact assessment in China are classified into three classes.
Around Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot is an office building, employees' boarding house, maintenance yard, and petroleum and gas station. The sewages therefrom are respectively discharged into the oil traps and then into the municipal sewage pipe networks outside the station. The final destination of the sewages is Jinshan Sewage Treatment Plant, and the final reception water body is Beigang. The water environment of Beigang applies Category III standard of GB3838-2020 and the environmental impact assessment is determined as Class III. After the completion of the project, there will be a relatively little impact on the sensitive points of sound environment. As per the related regulations in Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment (sound environment) (HJ/T2.4 - 1995), the sound environmental impact assessment of the project is defined as Class III. According to the stipulations in Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment (ambient air) (HJ/T2.2 - 93), the air environment impact assessment is determined as Class III.
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2 Overview of the Construction Project and Project Analysis 2.1 Overview of the Construction Project
2.1.1 Property of the construction project
The project of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot of Fuzhou is one of the World Bank financed projects in Fuzhou. The total investment therein is RMB 91,910,340 Yuan, 35% of which comes from the financing of the World Bank.
2.1.2 Construction location and land acquisition
The project is located to the north of Pushang Industrial Zone, to the north is Pushang Road, to the east is the substation, to the south is Gaozhai and Geyu Village (including Hongjiang Road under planning) and to the east is Hongwan Road in plan. The specific location is shown in Figure 2.1-1.
The project will take up a total area of 12.288 hectares of various kinds of lands (including parts of the roads), among which, area of buildings is 42.1 Smu, pond area 3mu, nursery garden 104.1 9mu, and the others are grassland or empty area.
2.1.3 Contents and scale of the construction project
The project of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot, after completion, can hold 324 buses. It has a dispatching center of public traffic, a junction station, a maintenance yard, petroleum and gas station, and employees' boarding houses etc. The project will be divided into two phases for construction.
2.1.3.1 Construction content in Phase I
(1) The present public traffic lines of the new area of Jinshan have 218 buses. And the newly-developed lines are 9 lines, with 176 added buses. The parking of these buses is urgent to be resolved. Therefore, the first task shall be the construction of public traffic station, and the scale shall hold 200 buses.
(2) Buses will feed petroleum or gas at least once a day, usually before parking at night or before starting in the moming. Therefore the petroleum and gas station shall be simultaneously constructed with the station. In order to avoid repeated investment and construction, it is better to finish the petroleum and gas station for only one time which can satisfy the supply for 300 buses both at night and in the daytime. Part of the station can be operated towards extemal businesses.
(3) It is necessary to prepare a repair shop in the station of public traffic for the repair of vehicles operating every day. The scale shall be adapted to the land scale of Phase I and the service condition.
The floor plan of Phase I project is shown in Figure 2.1-2. For the main economic indexes of Phase I project, see Table 2.1-1. g-y1. tA i-t4*E 1i 3qw ;&w41t TI I 9 12 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Table 2.1-1 Economic Indexes of Phase I Project Quantity Unit (hectare) Total area of land 4.34 Hectare acquisition Land of station (200 buses) 2.23 Hectare Land of repair shop 0.25 Hectare Land of petroleum and gas 0.54 Hectare station 2 Office building of the gas 348 m station Washing workshop 3 set Afforestation area 0.41 Hectare
2.1.3.2 Construction content of Phase II
(1) On the basis of Phase I project, properly extend the station in order to satisify the requirements of bus parking for the medium and long term of Jinshan new area. The scale shall be able to hold 300 buses.
(2) With the development of the new area of Jinshan, and the increase of public traffic lines, it is important to carry out supplementary construction of the first and last bus stops. For the present, there are only two initial and final stations in Jinshan Exhibition City and Industrial Zone. A majority of buses are parked along the road. In Pushang District, the Pushang Industrial Zone has been completed. Jinshan residential area to the north of Pushang Road is under development and construction. It is obvious that there will be a certain amount of passenger flows in the block in the next few years. Therefore, the construction of initial and final stations in combination with the station shall be carried out to meet the requirement of the passenger flows, and to balance the layout of the network of public traffic lines.
After completion of Pushang Bridge, the first and last bus stop shall be upgraded as a junction station in connection with the University City and the downtown area. 8 lines are planned for the station.
(3) The key in Phase II project is to construct the elementary maintenance yard and repair shop in the station, so that the first and second maintenance of buses shall be completed in the station and meanwhile the repair work of 300 buses shall be finished in the station.
(4) In 2010, there will be 2880 buses for public traffic in Fuzhou. With the increase of buses and public traffic lines in operation, the dispatching by man cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, the construction of a modernized dispatching and control center for public traffic becomes urgent and will be beneficial to the promotion of service level and work efficiency of public traffic as well as to the maintaining of sustainable development of city traffic.
(5) In the station, build some boarding houses for the employees so as to provide a place for the drivers and stewards of the buses in wee hours to r-9ii [5M;ttif 4tHR8;&giES+SFSiXX 13 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
rest at night.
(6) To eliminate the impact on the surrouding environment, it is required to increase the afforestation rate of the field in Phase II project.
The floor plan of Phase II project is shown in Figure 2.1-3.
Refer to Table 2.1-2 for the main economic indexes of Phase II project.
Table 2.1-2 Economic Indexes of Phase II Project Quantity Unit Dispatching and Dispatching and control center 10262 m control zone Dispatching room 115 m2 _____ Dispatching_ equipment 342 set Waiting zone Coi prehensive building 420 mi Lounge hall 1600 mz Service room in lounge hall 8 lfil Ticket room, boiled water supply2 room, tool room and 106 m2 supplementary workshop Parking lot and Repair shop 7032 m maintenance zone Maintainin shop 5018 Maintaining equipment 342 Parking lot of buses 15873 _m~ Petroleum and gas Petroleum and gas house 1705 _ station Office bulding 348 m Underground store house of 499 m2 petroleum and gas Fillins eguipment 342 set Washin( workshod Washing workshop 4 set Auxiliary and living Boarding house of employees 3380 mei facilities Auxiliars stores 1200 ml Lodge 100 m~ W.C. 32 rn Afforestation 17630 2
2. 1.3.3 Project profile after completion of Phase I and Phase II i ~~~~~~Theassessment object is the general content of Phase I and Phase II. i ~~~~~~(1)3-5mn width of green belt along the roads surrounding the field, and green belts around the dispatching center and employees' dormitory buildings
(2) A capacity of 300 buses of the parking lot scale
(3) Departure of 100 shifts of the 8 lines every hour in the junction station
(4) Maintenance of about 38 buses in the maintenance yard every day
(5) Gas filling of 19500m 3 for 300 buses in the parking lot every day, and the external business: 7800m3 gas filling for passing-by taxies in the petroleum and gas station.
J 911ygip4Sttg>t'gtgt§2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~14 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Table 2.1-3 Project Profile S/N Project Name Basic Data Capacity of the parking lot (bus) 300 2 Daily power consumption (kwh) 5201.07 3 Daily water consumption (m'ld) 440 4 Fixed number of employees (persons) 100 5 Total investment of the project 12014.82 (RMB I0,000 Yuan)
2.2 Engineering Analysis of the Construction Project
2.2.1 General plane layout
The spatial arrangement of the station: office block, residential area, parking lot, initial and final station, petroleum and gas station and maintenance yard. The details are shown in Figure 2.1-2.
The office block and residential area are the most populous areas inside the station, located at the northwest of the field, and close to Jinshan Park, providing a good environment for recreation, work and living of people.
The first and last bus stop is located at the southwest of the field, a best and convenient position for the passengers of Jinshan Industrial Zone and the long-distance passenger station. The arrangement of the parking lot makes it convenient for buses to stop in any berth.
2.2.2 Water system
2.2.2.1 Supply system
The municipal supply net feeds water into the pipeline in the station. The designed daily maximum supply is 440m3 .
2.2.2.2 Drainage system
Separate system for rain and sewage is adopted for drainage. Rain water above the buildings is discharged by means of internal drainage method. The fecal sewage of the office buildings and the boarding houses, after processed in the treatment tank, is discharged into the municipal sewage network; sewages of the eatery, washing workshop, gas station, maintenance and cleaning are piped into the separate oil traps for pre-treatment and then discharged into the municipal drainage networks. The total amount of drainage is 357.7m3/d.
2.2.2.3 Fire-fighting system
Fire hydrant systems are installed in the office buildings, boarding houses and the garage. Automatic sprinkler system is adopted in the garage. For fire-fighting subareas in the garage, prepare fire-proof roll screens. Conserve fire fighting water in the water tank of the maintenance workshop and comprehensive building. In the fire pump room of the garage, set up fire water pond to ensure the water supply of the hydrant system. III "rAl@p f4ffR r&V £TSA NY 15 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
2.2.3 Analysis of main pollutant sources
2.2.3.1 Status quo and exhaust condition of buses
The public traffic system in Fuzhou has various sorts of vehicles in operation, of which, a large proportion are vehicles with diesel engine. It is shown in Table 2.2-1 and Table 2.2-2 that the models and exhaust conditions of the public buses. The standard of pollutant exhaust in Table 2.2-2 are GB14761.5-93 Emission Standardfor Pollutants at Idle Speed from Vehicle with Petrol Engine and GB14761.6-93 Emission Standardfor Smoke at Free Acceleration from Vehicle with Diesel Engine, and the inspected data of the exhaust emission for vehicles with petrol engine is at idle speed, while that of the vehicles with diesel engine is at free acceleration.
Table 2.2-1 Models of Public Buses
Vehicle Cyclinder capacity Rated Oil Actual oil Category Model of engine (ml) (c/On km) consump)on Vehicle CAI OC (Jiefang) 5550 with petrol CA6102Q (Jiefang) 5560 30.5 29.91 engine EQ6102Q (Dongfeng) 5420 Vehicle CY6102BQ 5785 with diesel (Chaoyang) 23 22.34 engine 6BT5.9 (Cunmins) 5880 Table 2.2-2 Emission Condition of Waste Gas of Public Vehicles in Operation Emission standard Actual inspected data Vehicle category CO Hydrocarbon Vehicle CO Hydrocarbon (%) (ppm) catogory (%) (ppm) Petrol New 4.5 1200 Petrol engine 1.2-2.0 300-600 engine Old 5.0 1500 Ptoege 12. 306 Diesel engine 4.5-51FSN Diesel engine 2-3FSN Notes: new vehicles refer to vehicles after July 1, 1995, those before are old ones.
2.2.3.2 Analysis of main air pollutant sources
After the completion and putting into use of the station, the emission thereof mainly comes from the exhaust of motor vehicles and the soot from the eatery.
1) Exhaust of motor vehicles in the station
There are 300 berths for motor vehicles in the station. Pollutants in the exhaust of them are mainly nitrogen oxides, CO, hydrocarbon and black smoke, which are diversified with the diversity of the categories of the vehicles and the driving speed thereof
Table 2.2-3 Comprehensive Emission Factors of Heavy Duty Petrol Cars and Heavy Duty Vehicles with Diesel Engine Operating Heavy duty petrol cars Heavy duty diesel vehicles condition HC I CO I NOx HC I CO NOx 30km/h (g/km) 12.72 81.25 6.28 2.47 7.15 12.82
16 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
1Okm/h (g/km) 26.85 195.28 5.59 4.27 16.10 18.69 5km/h (g/km) 37.76 256.35 5.41 4.99 20.60 21.24 Idle speed 1.34 9.50 0.01 0.30 0.50 0.33 (g/min)
300 berths are planned in this station, for parking of public buses at night. In the junction station, there are altogether 100 shifts of the 8 lines every hour, thus there are 1900 buses/times/d coming into or leaving the parking lot. The running speed is Shmi/h, average idle speed time is 5min and the average running distance is 400m.
Therefore, the average emission of air pollutants of each vehicle coming into and leaving the parking lot shall be calculated as per the following fornula:
Si=(Eig , L+Iig T) Fg+(Eid+Id , T)Fd
Thereinto, Eig is the comprehensive emission factor of heavy duty petrol cars; Iig is the emission factor of heavy duty petrol cars at idle speed; Fg is the proportion of petrol cars; Eid is the comprehensive emission factor of heavy duty diesel vehicles; Iid is the emission factor of heavy duty diesel vehicles at idle speed; and Fd is the proportion of diesel vehicles.
The proportion of petrol vehicles is 40% and that of the diesel vehicles is 60%. Therefore the average emission amounts of each vehicle entering and exiting the parking lot are: HC10.82g, CO 66.45g, and NOx 6.97g. The average emission of air pollutants in the parking lot is shown in Table 2.2-4. Suppose that the tumover vehicle flow at peak hours in the station is 100 buses/times/h, the source intensity of air pollutants in the station at peak hours is shown in Table 2.2-4. Table 2.2-4 Air Pollutants from Motor Vehicles in the Station HC CO NOx Emission factor per vehicle 10.82 66.45 6.97 (g) Daily emission (kg/d) 20.56 126.26 13.24 Emission at peak hours (g/s) 0.30 1.85 0.19
2) Waste gas from the eatery There are 100 employees in the station. Gas cooker units are to be installed in the eatery. Oil gas is planned to be used. There are two cooking stoves with a smoke emission of 2000m3/h. To be calculated as 3 hours of operation per day, the smoke emission from the eatery will be 12000m3/d.
2.2.3.3 Analysis of main water pollutants 1) Main souces of drainage out of the parking lot: a. Sewage from washing the vehicles in the washing workshop;
g i11t4git4ttg>Xat§# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~17 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
b. Washing water in the maintenance workshop;
c. Sewage in the waiting zone;
d. Sewage from office building and domestic sewage;
e. Sewage from the eatery.
Table 2.2-5 Condition of Production of Sewage Functional area Scale Calculation Amount of sewage 3 ______coefficient (m /d) Domestice sewage 100 people 0.315m3/d person 31.5 of employees Washing workshop 60 vehicles/d I m3/vehicle * time 60 Maintenance 12050 mL 0.02 m3 / m2 d 241.0 workshop Waiting zone 2020 m' 0.01 m3/ m2 d 20.2 Eatery 100 people, 3 meals 0.05 m3/person * meal 15 Working sewage of 100 people 0.05 m3/d * person 5 employees Total 357.7 m /d
Table 2.2-5 Production and Discharge Condition of Pollutants Vegetable Sewage CODcr BOD 5 SS Petroleum and animal oil Domestic sewage 250 150 180 -- 28 (31.5m /d) Maintenance workshop 300 100 200 150 -- (240.1 m3/d) Sewage of washing (60 Density 3 250 80 150 20 in /d) Density______Waiting zone 2mg/L) (023/d 280 180 200
Eatery3 Eater 400 250 200 150 Working sewage of 200 120 150 -- 20 employees (5 m /d) Required density of 500 300 400 30 100 connector (mg/L) Domestic Discharge sewage density 250 150 180 -- 28 (31.5m /d) (mg/L) Maintenance workshop 300 100 200 30 (240. 1m3/d)
F tIlTrgtit4@bA2g>g8gtggt§4 18 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
Sewage of washing (60 250 80 150 20 m 3/d) ______Waiting zone2818 20 -- (20.2m3 d) 280 180 200
Et3/d( 400 250 200 100 Working sewage of 200 120 150 20 emplo 'ees (5 m /d)
2) Collection of initial rain water and the pollutants therein
Because of the incoming and leaving of vehicles in the parking lot, there must be some leakage or drop of pollutants. In case of raining, those pollutants will be brought into the rivers with the rain. These are pollutants of non-point source pollution. In order to eliminate these kinds of pollutants, it is planned to collect the initial rain water in the first 1 5min for process in biochemical pond and then the rain water is discharged with other kinds of sewage.
The pollutant parameters of water quality of the initial rain water in the maintenance yard are mainly BOD5, CODCr, petroleum and suspended matters etc.
The production of initial rain water can be estimated as per the formula: Initial rain water discharge amount (t/d) = annual average quantity of precipitation in 2 the project area (m) X runoff coefficient X gathering area (mi ) X 10%/annual precipitation days. The runoff coefficient is 0.8, the annual 2 quantity of precipitation is 1354mm, the gathering area is 122,400m , and the annual precipitation days are 150 days.
Table 2.2-6 Initial Rain Water Pollutants .. . ~~~~~Beforezrocess Initial rain waterBeoercs ______ram___water ___Petroleum CODc, BOD 5 SS Density 70.0 200 60 50 3 Quantity 88.4m /d ProductionmgIL 6.2 17.68 5.30 4.42 kgld
Sewage of the project, in case of meeting the requirements of connectors, shall be discharged into the municipal sewage pipeline network to be treated in Jinshan Sewage Treatment Plant. As per Table 2.2-5, sewage in need of pre-treatment is the oily sewage from the maintenance and repair workshop, and the quantity thereof is 240. 1m3 /d.
2.2.3.4 Noise source
The noise of this project mainly comes from the spare generator room, the air compressor plant, and operation of machine in maintenance and repair shop as
4+1r~tgtA 9, R IP jr,4qJf* iL'JW &V2g 31 g Sf3V,JM,J it§ 19 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station
well as the noises of the public buses. The levels of the noises from various sources are: generator 105 - I lOdB(A), air compressor75 - 85dB(A), machines and equipment 80-9OdB(A), and the public buses 79-82dB(A). Noises in the construction period mainly come from the construction machinery and the noise value thereof is 86- 112dB(A).
2.2.3.5 Solid waste
The solid waste of this project is mainly the production waste residue in the parking lot and the domestic garbage of the workers. The production waste residue, to be calculated as per 10kg for each maintenance vehicle, 38 vehicles per day, will be about 0.38t/d, and will be 138.7t per year; the domestic garbage, to be calculated as per 0.5kg/person/d, will be 0.05t/d and 18.25t per year.
2.2.4 Hazard analysis of the petroleum and gas station
2.2.4.1 Function and scale of the petroleum and gas station
Oil tanks and gas tanks are set in the petroleum and gas station, supplying petrol, diesel and CNG. There will also be automatic weighing devices. Therefore the station can admit the operations of petroleum or gas filling of several vehicles simultaneously.
(1) Physical property of the stored oil
904 Lead-free petrol
Flammable liquid, colorless to light yellow, with a special odour, highly volatile; relative density 0.8, boiling point 37.8C, relative density of the gas 3.0, insoluble in the water, lead content<0.013g/l, sulfur content<0.15g/l; flash point -43°C--23C, self-ignition point280C, explosive rangel.4'-7.6%, poisonous, narcotic in case of inhalation of high density.
Petrol is classified as Item I Class I dangerous article of flammable liquid with low flash point in the harzardous degrees stipulated by the state, the serial number is 3001.
Diesel
Light green, transparent liquid, degree of color< No.2, with a special odour, insoluble in water, flammable, if meet with heat source, open fire or strong oxidizer, easy to be lighted; relative density 0.85, melting point -29.56C, boiling point 180-370°C, and flash point 40°C. Gas density 4, gas pressure 4.OkPa, flammable limits of the mixture of air and the gas 0.7-5.0%, the residue carbon in the 10% residual oil below 0.3%, cetane number above 45, sulfur content300-500ppm, and nitrogen content 10-100ppm.
(2) Physical property of CNG
The main component of CNG is the hydrocarbon in paraffin, composed of rl+i-il4af>K4teb0tfi5&g3t CH4(82%-98%), a little C2H6, C3H8 , and C4H10. CNG is a kind of complex hydrocarbon CnHm. CGi4 has a good capability in anti detonation, and the RON of it can achieve 130. C2H6, C3H8, and C4HAo, with a bad antidetonation quality, will reduce the antidetonation capacity of CNG. However, the contents of them are low, thus the influence is minimum. Therefore, the antidetonation capacity of CNG is much better than that of petrol. CNG used for vehicles is strictly restricted by some technological standards and requirements. It is required to dewater, purify, and unmix the CNG so as to remove the unsatisfactory components like sulfur, sulfide, water and heavy hydrocarbon etc. Vehicle-use CNG after processing shall be a kind of high quality, highly efficient and clean substitute fuel material. The ignition temperature of CNG in constant pressure is 600-650'C, while that of the petrol is 380-450°C, and that of the diesel is 260-350°C. Whether the mixture of CNG and air is easy to be lighted depends on the ratio of air and CNG and the components of CNG. Compared with petrol, CNG has a relative stronger energy in ignition. 2.2.4.2 Hazard analysis (1) Hazard analysis of pollution of soil and underground water by the oil in the petroleum station There are mainly two kinds of instances i.e. surface leakage and underground leakage in most oil leakage accidents in petroleum and gas stations. Surface leakage is mainly leakage of tank car for oil transportation, leakage of oil pump in oil discharge, leakage because vehicles collide with the equipment in the station, leakage of failure of filling equipment and during the repair work, and small quantity of leakage in the process of filling in the vehicles. Underground leakage is mainly the leakage of the buried oil tanks and oil pipeline because of chemical erosion, leakage because of stretching and breaking of pipelines for changes of geocondition, or leakage caused by improper grounding buildings, and the stress of running vehicles. There are various measures for prevention of oil leakage, such as constructing sealing up tunnel, sealing up wall to the ground water level, laying rubber anti seepage isolation layer, or setting concrete or 4 in I soil isolation layers etc. (2) Hazard analysis of CNG leakage There are mainly four kinds of accidents in CNG station, fire; explosion and leakage; explosion after fire; and fire after explosion. Each of the four will cause serious results. Therefore it is important to take precautions to prevent the occurrence. T_)lH m 91 JAa i;p 4 * ff) p;& tM9 31 w V4-t 4A91 IXl9 2 1 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 3. Environmental Condition in the Influence Area of the Planned Project 3.1 Natural Environment 3.1.1 Location Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot is located at the southwest part of Nantai Island to the southeast of Pushang Road and Hongwan Road. To its east is Pushang Industrial Zone. The area of the project used to belong to the newly-built Geyu Village and Gaozhai Village. Therefore, the west and the south to the project are areas for residences of the villagers. In the middle area and to the east are nursery gardens and farmlands etc. The specific location is shown in Figure 2.1-1. To the east of the station is the substation, and Pushang long-distance passenger station under planning; to the south is Hongjiang Road in planning, and across road are the residential areas of the new Geyu Village and Gaozhai Village; to the west is Hongwan Road in planning, across the road is the area for the planned extension of Jinshan Park; to the north is Pushang Road. 3.1.2 Geological and topographical features The general topographical patterns of the location from the west to the east are medium mountain, low mountain, high hill, low hill, mesa plain and then the sea, which are regularly arranged. The surface relief descends as per layers. The field belongs to Geyu Village and Gaozhai Village. To the south is the residential areas of the villagers, to the east are nursery gardens and farmlands etc., and to the north and the west are roads. The surface relief descends from the southwest to northeast. And the ground elevation is 4.6-5.6m. There are three high pressure towers and some electric power facilities in the field, which are difficult to be removed during the construction. 3.1.3 Weather and climate At low latitude, and close to the ocean, Fuzhou has a subtropical marine climate; because of the impact of the seasonal exchange of the cold and warm drafts, the seasons are distinct without extreme coldness in winter nor intense heat in summer. It has a sufficient precipitation with an annual quantity of 1,354mm. The precipitation in summer takes up 37% of the total quantity. It is rich in sunshine. In spring, the weather changes a lot while in autumn, it is relatively stable. The wind is mainly southeaster, and then comes the northwester and north wind. There is seldom northeaster. The maximum wind speed in the year is 14-17m/s. In typhonic seasons, the instant maximum wind speed can reach 42m/s. The frost-free period is as long as 328 days. According to statistics of data in the 39 years from 1951 to 1989 by the weather station of Fuzhou, the annual temperature of Fuzhou is 16-20°C; the extreme high temperature is 41°C. The average temperature in July is 28.8°C, mi- lY9;A%14*WRPfT&4AA_ rTlaf M 22 m m m m m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station the maximum temperature difference in the daytime is 17.3°C (that is on July 21, 1982), and the average temperature difference in July is 14.6-C. The average temperature in January is 10°C and the extreme low temperature is -2.5 C. According to the statistical data of the weather station of Fuzhou, the leading wind direction in the year is southeaster, with a frequency of 14.3%, the secondary leading wind direction in summer is south wind, and in winter is northwester. The frequency of calm wind throughout the year is 20%. The annual average wind speed is 2.9m/s and the maximum wind speed is 31.7m/s. From the middle ten days of July to the last ten days of September is the typhonic period, the occurrence of typhoon in which takes up 80% of the year round. Influenced by the typhoon, the average maximum wind speed and extreme high speed can achieve Level 12; the wind direction is northeast. The most serious typhoon (No. 6112) in September 12, 1961 landed in Jinjiang at 14:00, with the extreme high speed of 45m/s and the maximum speed of 40m/s. Apart from the typhoon, the winds caused by disasters like storm and hail etc. can reach the speed of 24 30m/s. Around the project area is mainly southeaster, with the wind power of Level 5-6. Fuzhou is subtropical marine monsoon climate in south Asia. The sunshine hours for the whole year thereof are 1968.6h. The average precipitation quantity for many years is 1342.5mm. The distribution of precipitation is uneven in terms of time and space. The precipitation thereof is mainly divided into four periods, March-April spring rain period, May-June bai-u rainy period; July-September typhoon and storm period, and October- next Febuary the brief rain period. Precipitation in bai-u rainy period takes up 32.2%,,o of the whole year while precipitation in the flood season from April to June takes up 7.3.7'O. The average relative humidity of Fuzhou in March-June reaches 80%-84%, that of October to next January is 71%-74%, and that in July to September and in February is 76%/6-78%. The annual average relative humidity is 77%. The absolute humidity averages 19mm every year. 3.1.4 Hydrological geology The ground water along the line is mainly pore water, fissure water and pore crack water. Pore water distributes in ® Littoral plain. Because the quatemary system is quite thick in deposition, it usually has 1-2 water-bearing layers, which compose pore ground water or confined water. The groundwater elevation is commonly 0.5-3.0m. The confined water layer, as per the depth of the water layer in different sectors, has a water production of I-IOULs. The water quality thereof is complicated. ( The grit and pebbles in the alluvium and dilluvium of the quatemary system absorb the atmospheric sedimentation or the side gain from the river; this layer is rich in water and the water level varies a lot with the seasons. r l ll- f£;l4I * hif ;&Vt fl!g'VIT,igtN 23 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Fissure water is rich in the bedrock joint fissure or the fracture zone, the replenish source of which is atmospheric precipitation; and the water level of which is seldom influenced by the seasonal variation. The fissure water is always ejected in the form of spring at the low cavity with a large quantity. Pore crack water is always distributed at the bottom of cracked slope lamination and bedrock weathered zone. This kind of ground water is mainly replenished by atmospheric precipitation and the water content is minimum. 3.1.5 Soil Geologically, in this location is fine sand with a depth of 30m; on the earth surface is sedentary clay soil: isabelline, castable if hard, saturated if wet, mainly fine textured soil, with few sand grains. Some is sedentary mastic clay soil: mauve or glaucous, mainly fine textured soil with sand grains. 3.1.6 Water basin and hydrologic general conditions Minjiang River originates from Wuyi Mountain, Xianxia Mountain and Shanling Mountain etc. at the junction of the three provinces of Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi. From the northwest to the southeast, it flows across Nanping, Fuzhou and enters the East Sea in Mawei. The river is 581km long, and its basin area is 60992km2, which almost one half of the area of Fujian Province. It is the biggest river in the whole province. The downstream of Minjiang River splits into two branches respectively in the south and north. The south branch is called Nangang (or Wulong River) and the north branch is called Beigang (also called Minjiang River). Beigang flows across the urban area of Fuzhou City, and then converges with the south branch Wulong River in Mawei Economic Development Zone. The converged river enters Hekou section, goes by Tingtou and splits into two branches of the south and north again. The two branches respectively flow into the sea by Meihua and Changmen. Nangang is about 27.5km from the diffluence pass of Huai'an to Wulongjiang Bridge. Its watercourse is wide and shallow. The flow path is wandering as the channel of flood discharge and sediment ejection. In the drainage area of Minjiang River, the precipitation is abundant, and the volume of runoff is large. From April to June, it is mainly frontal precipitation, while from July to September, it is always typhoon rain. The above two kinds of rain are the mainly precipitation patterns. The water in the drainage area of Minjiang River mainly comes from the flood of the three branches in the upstream (Jianxi River, Futun River and Shaxi River). From the analysis of the historic observation data, the three branches do not combine with the branches of Nangang. Wulong River locates at the tidal river section in the downstream of Minjiang River. Because of its special geological location, the river encounters flood from the upstream and tide in the downstream. The south tide at the exit of Minjiang River influences Nangang, Beigang and even the branch of Zhuqi of Minjiang River. As per analysis of the measured peak flow, for the current diversion ratio of r,ll IJAN 4-*iff A,9 24 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station the volume of flow of Nangang and Beigang, at low water time, the volume of Beigang accounts for more than 70% of the total volume. In flood time, the volume of Nangang takes up more than 70% of the total. The general trend is with the increase of volume, the diversion ratio of Beigang decreases. 3.1.7 Seismic general condition According to Planning Graphic qoJDivision of thi Seismic Intensitv in China, the seismic intensity of this project area is Degree VII seismic zone. Located at the north section of the southeast seismic belt along the coast, i.e. the faulted basin of the quatemary system in Fuzhou, the project field is an active structural basin, the controlled fracture of which is grid pattem fracture structure. The fracture is several km - tens of kilometers. And the width is several meters to more than ten meters. The adjacent area of the field has no symptom of movement since Holocene. 3.2 Status Quo and Planning of the Society in Fuzhou 3.2.1 Urban character In accordance with General Urban Planning of Fuzhou 1995 - 2010, the urban character of Fuzhou is defined as the capital city of Fujian Province, a national historical and cultural city (publicized in the second batch), an important economic center in the southeast area along the coast of our country, and a modem port city. 3.2.2 Geological position Fuzhou is situated in the junction point of the sea routes and airlines of the Asian districts with economic development at a high speed, the center of the highly opened zone along the coast of our country, the central point of the developed districts between the Yangtze Delta and Zhujiang Delta. The district advantage of Fuzhou is obvious. What's more, the airport, important infrastructures like harbour, the main arteries in the south and north direction along the coast (highways) and railway etc. further strengthen the advantages of this location. Nantai Island, situated at the west and south parts of the downtown area, has convenient traffic conditions in waterway, landway and airway. On the island, there are beautiful mountains, verdant trees, which endow the island with abundant natural and cultural sights. More than 60 universities, colleges, secondary schools and research institutes locate in Cangshan District, thus the district is the most important education and scientific and technological research base. Cangshan District of Nantai Island is developed in economy, and has formed Cangshan Scientific and Technological Park and Cangshan Industrial Zone etc. In 2001, the industrial output thereof was RMB 450,000,000 Yuan. There have been industrial bases Jinshan Investment Zone, Gaishan Investment Zone and Chengmen Investment Zone in Nantai Island, thus the island now is a significant area of urban construction and investment in Fuzhou, and will play an important role in the development of this century: for one, as a new growing point of the urban area in Fuzhou, and the new city r-l- i-riff JANI;N4*e 3MttMA 1W$i14-f5 A19i2 25 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station area, it takes on a task in expanding the city scale and increasing the economic output; for the other, it has to share the functions of Gutai District in dispelling the population and traffic burden of the city and in promoting the development of the city into a virtuous circle. F4+1 Iri^ JEF tA -9 r f4 *g& g2gFUV 3 $j V g9, gJA rM M 26 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 3.2.3 Economic and social status quo of Fuzhou City and Nantai Island 3.2.3.1 Population and community Fuzhou city implements a system to bring along the development of counties by cities. It has five districts, two cities and six counties under its jurisdiction, namely five districts of Gulou District, Taijiang Disctrict, Jin'an District, Cangshan District, and Mawei District, two cities of Fuqing City and Changle City, six counties of Minhou County, Lianjiang County, Luoyuan County, Minqing County, Yongtai County and Pingtan County. Up to the end of 2001, there are 1726,200 households, and a permanent population of 5,941,400, among which 1,537,700 are the urban population (of the five districts). Nantai Island is situated in the south part of Fuzhou downtown area. After the adjustment of the district division of Fuzhou urban area, Cangshan District extends to include the whole Nantai Island, with five towns namely Jianxin Town, Gaishan Town, Chengmen Town, Cangshan Town and Luozhou Town, 35 community residents' committees, 36 residents' committees, and 112 administrative villages under its jurisdiction. The total area is 142km2. 3.2.3.2 Status quo of development and utilization of land resources in Nantai Island Nantai Island is diversified in land patterns, and rich in land resources. There are altogether 142km2 in the whole district. The maximum land use rate in this district is in Cangshan Town, 99.27% and the minimum land use rate is in Chengmen Town, 90.17%. In the developed land area of this district, the agricultural land, including farmland, gardens, forest land, grassland and culturable water area etc. is 7896.33hectares, accounting for 59.7%, most of which is in Jianxin Town; non agricultural land, including residential area, industrial and mineral area, traffic land and non culturable water area etc. 5330.47 hectares, accounting for 40.3%, most of which is in Cangshan Town. Thereinto, gardens take up a maximum proportion of agricultural land (41.7%), then comes the culturable water area, 32%. The unused land area is 980.83hectares, accounting for 6.9% of the total, 78.38% of which is uneven ground 768.78 hectares, 12.25% of which is pathes between fields, 120.1 lhectares, and 5.94% of which is bare ground, 58.23hectares. The other land patterns occupy a minimum area and proportion. The sequence of unused land areas from the more to the less are Chengmen Town, Jianxin Town and Gaishan Town. 3.2.3.3 Status quo of economic development Since the reform and opening up, the national economy and social cause of Fuzhou have been developed to a large extent, with the comprehensive strength of the city ranking the top 10 capital cities in the whole country. In 1984, Fuzhou was announced as a national historical and cultural city in the second batch, and one of the 14 port cities opening to the outside world along the coast; in 1985, it was listed as one of the comprehensive experimental cities of the national reform of economic system; in 1990, it became one of the 35 cities with GDP over RMB 10,000,000,000 Yuan. In 1991, it ranked the r-4+1 i 9 iA P 4ff rLffiMA 3*ttt 27 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station first "top 50 cities of comprehensive strength in China" and the 40 excellent cities in investment hard environment; in 1997, the comprehensive strength ranked 24 among the 219 cities above the level of district; and in 2001, the economic total output of the city ranked 9t, which was 17th in 1978 among the 26 capital cities. Fuzhou City successively won the title of "National Excellent City in Civilization Construction" and "National Hygenic City", for three times was awarded with "National Excellent City in Science and Education Promoting the City Development", for four times continuously won the title of "National Model City for Mutual Support between the Civilian and the Arm Forces", and in 2000, it was selected as one of "Chinese Outstanding Tourism Cities" with a high score and high quality. In 2001, the GDP of the city achieved RMB 107,423,000,00OYuan, 9.4% more than that of the last year. Thereinto, the increase of the first industry is RMB 13,264,000,000 Yuan, that of the second industry is RMB 50,563,000,00OYuan, and that of the third industry is RMB 43,596,000,000 Yuan. Up to the end of the year 2001, there are altogether 1,726,200 households, with a permanent population of 5,941,400 (the natural increase rate of population is 0.486%). Therefore, the GDP per capita is RMB 18,034 Yuan, which growed 8.4% from the last year. 3.2.3.4 Natural scenery of the city Fuzhou is one of the outstanding tourism cities of China, and also is a tourism city with unique characteristics. As early as the Song Dynasty, the city of Fuzhou was covered with banyan trees. People didn't need to use covers in summer. Thus the city got a name of "Banyan City". Yushan Mountain, Wushan Mountain and Pingshan Mountain with fascination and beauty in the city make Fuzhou become a unique city of "Mountains and Urban Area are interweaved". Futhermore, with Wuta Pagoda and White Pagoda of a history of more than 1000 years, and Minjiang River (Nangang) with an annual volume of 60billion m3 running across the city area, the unique scenery of "Three mountains, two pagodas and one river" with a rich historical and cultural charm was formed. What's more, Gushan Mountain and Xichan Temple in this city are world renowned. Gushan Mountain, with Yongquan Temple as its center, has more than 160 scenic spots in the four directions of east, west, south and north. Furthermore, the city has North National Forest Park, Qishan Scenic Spot etc. 3.2.3.5 Status quo of development and utilization of ground water resources Minjiang River has an average annual runoff of 56.1 billion m3 for many years. The average runoff depth of the section in Fuzhou is 500-1500mm. The average runoff depth in the downtown area is 680mm. The annual water production is 26,000,000m 3 , and that is 1,954m3 per person. However, since the water amount at the entrance of Minjiang River is large, the freshwater resource is rich in Fuzhou. The water amount per capita is as much as 3 12,500m , ranked the second of the 14 opened cities along the coast. At present, Cangshan district has water supply plants like: Chengrnen Water Plant, Yixu Water Plant, and Nanqu Water Plant. The water supply of Chengmen T. .ifi... __PTiMal_iV 3± ._ W 9 _A V RV,-DPAA f4* IFM~ 28 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Water Plant is 60,000t/d, that of Yixu Water Plant is 21,000t/d, ad that of Nanqu Water Plant is 30,000-40,000t/d. The city has got some small water plants in various industrial zone, or enterprises. It is estimated that the annual water supply can amount to 48,000,000tons. 3.2.3.6 Cultural relics and historic sites Surrounded by rivers, Nantai Island has a nice climate. With mountains and waters on the island, it has unique historic and cultural sceneries. There are many traditional historic sites and cultural relics reserved in the area. Jianxin Town, where the project locates, has municipal cultural relics and historic sites including Jinshan Temple, Xiangshu Ancient Temple, Yupin Country Villa, Chendong Martyry, General's Temple, Jianxin Miaofeng Temple, Longjiang Temple etc. There is no cultural relic under protection around the project site. Fenggang Ancient Temple (not a cultural relic under protection) is a venue for religious activities of the villagers. 3.3 Overall Plan of Fuzhou City 3.3.1 Development objectives of Fuzhou City In ten years of construction and development from 2001 to 2010, Fuzhou City will be built into a modem international metropolis with complete infrastructures and perfect comprehensive functions, with the speed of highways accelerated, the railway electrified, ports automated, and airport internationalized, coordinatively forming a complete and convenient set of comprehensive transportation system integrating highway, railway, harbour, and international airport, as well as a expedite modernized communication network. Up till 2010, its national economic strength will be strengthened largely, approaching or achieving the average level of the medium developed countries or regions in Asia. It will become a modernized international metropolis as the commercial center, the communication and traffic center, the scientific and technological information center, the education and culture center and the economic and business center of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits, with informationalized management and highly efficient operation radiating the whole province and the adjacent provinces and cities and connected with the international market. The economic and social development strategic objective in the next 20 years of Fuzhou will be realized all-around. 3.3.2 Development scale of Fuzhou City As per the Overall Planninig of FuizholU Citv, the general arrangement of the urban area is: with the areas along the river and along the coast as the axis of development, set up central city and ten satellite towns along Minjiang River, Wulong River and the coast, which are interconnected with expedite and convenient traffic, and thus form a "L" spatial structure of modem metropolis with the central city as the core surrounded by the ten satellite towns. 29 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station For the construction of the central city, the leading direction is "extend to the east, advance to the south and exploit to the west". The key point is to develop Nantai Island across the river, especially the new Jinshan District and the University City. The layout of the central city is a group layout structure which takes 817 Road as the traditional central axis, and the modem development axes of Minjiang River as the skeleton, Gutai District as the core area, surrounded by the 6 closely connected but independently developing districts of Gushan District, Xindian District, Cangshan District, Jinshan District, Gaishan District and Jianxin District. The following table shows the population and land scale of the near-term and long-term central city and the six subdistricts. Table 3.3-1 Development Scale of the City in the Near-term and Long-term Area, Area in Area in Population Population Population Population Po lation 2005 2010 in 2005 in 2010 density in density in \ ______I 1 2005 2010 District \ (Krn ) (10,000) (10,000/Km') name Central City 50.01 50.01 76.14 69.48 1.52 1.39 Gushan 25.26 25.26 25.79 29.21 1.02 1.16 District _ Xindian 10 15.12 10.88 17.45 1.09 1.15 District Jinshan 7 9.95 8.41 11.9 1.20 1.20 District Jianxin 3.5 6.5 3.36 8.35 0.96 1.28 District Cangshan 15.95 15.95 24.21 21.59 1.52 1.35 District Gaishan 7 10.51 7.85 12.02 1.12 1.14 District Total 118.72 133.39 156.65 170.00 Average Average The general layout of the central city in the long-term is to take the central city as the core circle, concentrically developing the third industry of finance, business, culture and information, administration, and comprehensive service, etc.; take the adjacent towns and districts of the central city as the second circle, mainly developing scientific and technological center with universities, colleges and secondary schools, tourism, and high-tech industries with low material consumption and minimum pollution; and take the scope outside the second circle as the third circle, mainly developing suburban agriculture, tourism and large industrial districts etc. 3.3.3 Development planning of Nantai Island (1) Objective of Nantai Island According to the status quo of Nantai Island, the general planning of Fuzhou and the requirements for future development, the objective of Nantai Island is defined as: on the basis of consolidating the original functions of cultural and 30 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station educational district, pay much attention to the cultivation of the four functions of high-tech industries, top grade domiciles, commercial and business center and sight-seeing and tourism, and build Nantai Island into a modem ecological garden city district with unique and distinct style from the central city of Gutai District. The orientation of the commercial and business center among the four functions is to concentrate on the development of various special wholesale markets and storage markets; for the tourism, the key point is to develop sight-seeing and traveling. (2) General structure and scale On the basis of the urban planning of the central city determined in the general planning of Fuzhou, and as per the new planned scale, the island is divided into 5 sub-districts of Jinshan District, Jianxin District, Cangshan District, Gaishan District and Chengmen District according to the group structure pattern. In 2005, the planned population is 413,440, in 2010, the planned population is 538,200, and in 2020, the planned population is 800,000. The functions and scales of the sub-districts (till 2020) are shown in the following table. Table 3.3-2 Functions and Scales of the Sub-districts of Nantai Island Planned Population Function sub-districts (10,000) Jinshan 16.66 Top grade residential area, cultural District and educational district Jianxin 16.76 Cultural and educational district, District residential area Cangshan 22.17 Central area, cultural and District educational district Gaishan 14.24 High-tech park District Chengmen 10.17 High-tech park, tourism and District recreation district Total 80 3.3.4 Functional arrangement (1) City center and the commercial and business district There are one center and four sub central areas for the central system of the whole island. The center locates at the position between the Liberty Bridge of Nanjiangbin Road, and the three bridges on Minjiang River, and the place beside Nantai Road. The four sub central areas are the four sub-districts of Jianshan District, Jianxin District, Gaishan District and Chengmen District. The commercial and business central district is within the scope of Shangshan Road, 61 South Road and Nantai Road, with an area of 6.7 hectares. (2) Tourism and recreational district 31 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Along the line of the south of Luozhou and Chengmen by the river, in combination with the tourism project development along the river, and making use of the abundant natural and cultural sceneries, construct a cultural and tourism belt along the river. (3) High-tech industry district Based on Cangshan Scientific and Technological Zone, Gaishan Investment Zone and Chengmen Investment Zone, further expand the area, optimize the structure, and build a high-tech industry district. The planned area for the new industrial park is 713 hectares, including 113 hectares in Puxiazhou, 53 hectares of Cangshan Scientific and Technological Park, 133 hectares of Gaishan Investment Zone, 120 hectares of Ciuozhai. 100 hectares of Luxia, and 127 hectares of Panvu. (4) Cultural and educational district Consummate Shoushan Cultural and Educational District, develop Feifengshan Cultural and Educational District, maintain Huai'an and Luozhou cultural and educational districts, in this way, intensify the function of Nantai Island as the cultural, educational, scientific and technological base of Fuzhou City. (5) Top grade residential area The residential areas are mainly in Jinshan District and Jianxin District. In Jinshan District, there are mainly top grade residences, especially along the line of Wulong River and Minjiang River are almost garden residential areas and some villas; in Jianxin District, there are mainly economical residences or other common residential buildings. As a whole, the construction of the new districts shall abide by relatively high standards. (6) Ecological industrial park of Jianshan District It is located to the north of Jinshan Road, and to the south of Xishan Mountain, and is divided into the west block, the central block and the east block by Hongwan Road and Jianxin Street. The total land area is 360.73hectares. (7) Planning of land use apart from the city construction The total area of Nantai Island is 142 kM2, some is used for the city construction. The others shall be used for the development of high quality agriculture and sight-seeing agriculture (the land for airport is not included). 3.4 Status and Development Planning of Municipal Traffic The development goal of municipal economy and traffic shall be based on acceptability of society, sustainability of environment and feasibility of execution. 9'I'Pt:;I;J m&t4tbt#T;& w;tt'gtgt§4 32 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 3.4.1 Status and problems of road traffic in Fuzhou City In 2001, the total length of roads in urban areas of Fuzhou was 912km, including main roads with a total area of 10,195,000m2 and an average area of roads owned by each person up to 6.63 m 2. In 2002, the operating income of public traffic industry in Fuzhou was RMB304,514,300 Yuan, with the passenger capacity of 307,676,710 and running distance of 108,960,000km, increasing respectively 7.87%, 12.19% and 103.31% from the last year. 11.32 public transportation vehicles which is a scalar have been owned by per ten thousand persons; there are 89 operating lines including 37 lines for minibus. The line network covers 1,348km and the length of lines for minibus is 544.1km. The length of the line network is 367km, 109.8km of which is for minibus. There are 4,120 bus stops with an occupied area of 221,700m2. With the acceleration of urbanization progress, the frequency of people's going out is continuously rising and the total amount is also continually increasing. Meanwhile the quantity of motor vehicles in Fuzhou has rapidly increased after China's entry into WTO. Especially since 2002 application for license plate has been decontrolled, the quantity of motor vehicles in urban areas has rapidly increased. As per statistics, from October of 2001 to October of 2002, almost 20,000 motor vehicles in urban areas of Fuzhou have been increased in less than one year. On the other hand, the municipal road construction of urban areas has been carried out steadily, however in recent years the growth rate of distance of newly-built roads is not up to 5%, much less than the growth rate of quantity of motor vehicles. Therefore, the conflict between traffic demand and supply becomes increasingly acute, which makes the city roads problems worse. The road traffic environment of urban areas has gradually become worse and there are traffic jams on some main intersections and main roads. The city traffic has affected the normal operation of city and restricted the rapid development of economy, so it needs to be settled. In general, the main problems about city traffic status in Fuzhou are as following: 1) The structure and layout of road network are not proper, strong in the north and weak in the south specifically; the structure of road network in new urban areas is comparatively complete while the road network in old urban areas needs to be mitigated; 'Ilt5gijj t%l##&8;t@StgJ0g§j~33 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 2) Gradation of road network is inconsistent, in details: no high-speed road network, better main network, big break on sub-roads, broken ends and narrowness of branch roads awaiting to be reconstructed and completed; 3) The construction of public parking lots lags behind and the roadside parking lacks of normalized management; 4) Excessive, over-narrowness and abnormity of intersections and interweaving, mixing and randomness of motor vehicles, non-motor-driven vehicles and pedestrians lack of mitigation and cause traffic jams to road traffic of Fuzhou. All these above problems are acute, not only needed to be mitigated rapidly for the moment starting from management, but also needed to be settled basically based upon status and setting about long term. 3.4.2 The goal of traffic development Establish perfect structural system of city traffic and match city roads at all levels and form a comprehensive rapid and convenient traffic system which can meet the long-term requirements of city traffic and harmonize with social economy and human and ecological environment, with reasonable layout, definite functions, higher construction level and modem management level, multiple levels, multiple modes and in accordance with the agreement. The layout of road network in Fuzhou makes establishment of main roads network as frame, with modem road network which is reasonable and can meet the traffic demands. As per Comprehensive Urban Traffic Planning in Fuzhou made in 1995, the city road network in Fuzhou is in the form of square grid plus circle radial including 8 roads radiating outwards, 3 ring roads and many main roads extending from east to west and from south to north. The city high-speed road network is composed of the 2nd and 3rd Ring Road, special road for airports, expressways (connecting line), Guohuo Road and Pushang Road on Nantai Island etc. The Inner Ring Road surrounds the core zone of city, from Ximen in the north, Baima Road over Minjiang River to the south, connecting with Shangshan Road and Shancha Street and South Liuyi Road to the east, Liuyi Road over Minjiang River connecting with Hudong Road at Dongmen, connecting with F_)1111MP-, iA N_P~4-*Tuf 1L19T&4 *twimv.__iAg V Im 34 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Hubing Road to the west, and then back to Ximen. Since the inner ring road is located in the old urban areas, crossing downtown areas with most sections reconstructed from old roads and extension of roads is involved in Three Archways and Seven Lanes (cultural relics and showplaces)with difficult harmony, so it is planned as Class I Urban Main Road of the city. The 2nd Ring Road surrounds the outer ring of Inner Ring Road, from the West of the North Ring Road in the north, passing Tongpan and Xiangshan through Yangqiao Road and Gongye Road, along Changting Road over Minjiang River (Youxizhou Bridge over Minjiang River) to Jianxin, northern Gaogai Mountain connecting with South Liuyi Road (Nantai Road) in planning to the east, further reaching Baihuting to the east, turn to the north along South Lianjiang Road, passing Aofeng Bridge connecting with Jiangzhong and Beilu through Wuliting, No.2 Chemincal Co., Ltd, Jinjishan Tunnel, intersecting North Liuyi Road and North Wusi Road to Beihuan Road. The total length of 2nd Ring Road is 28.5km with a Class I Main Road of about 18km established and is planned to be constructed as per high-speed standard before or after the year of 2010. By the end of 2002, through multiple demonstrations of municipal CPC committee and municipal government, comprehensively considering the factors such as environmental protection, sights, traffic and cost etc., it is determined that the construction of overhead high-speed road above the 2nd Ring Road shall be postponed. The Outer Ring Road (3rd Ring Road) is planned as high-speed road with 6 lanes through some new districts such as Gushan, Xindian, Jinshan, Jianxin, Gaishan and Chengmen, which is the express channel between blocks of the new districts, outer ring line and radial roads will resolve the high-speed traffic and part of through traffic between urban areas and all satellite cities. The total length of the 3rd Ring Road which will be completed before 2020 is about 49km. These three ring roads play different roles in organizing city traffic: The Inner Ring Road mainly bears the traffic flow of CBD. The 2nd Ring Road mainly links subareas distributed at the outer of core zone together. Except for Gaishan and Xindian, the 3rd Ring Road covers the whole central city. The construction will be helpful to the establishment of road network r) 1>1rrilgtpeF#r#itMliUlW; 35 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station frame with complete functions and reasonable structure and greatly make full use of the functions of existent roads to make most roads in urban areas convenient for the traffic lines extending outward and improve the benefit in scale of road network. As per Comprehensive Planning of Nantai Island in Fuzhou made in 2000, recently Huandao Road along the both sides of Minjiang River and Wulong River will be gradually constructed on Nantai Island. Take development of travel resource along rivers as a chance, promote the development of the land along rivers and accelerate the urbanization process of unestablished zones. The Status and Development Plan of Traffic in Fuzhou Since the reform and open policy has been implemented, great achievements have been made in social economy and city construction of Fuzhou, however, the city traffic problems become more and more serious. The slow increase of roads cannot meet the requirement of rapid increase of motor vehicles, so the conflict between demand and supply becomes more and more acute and the traffic environment of urban areas gradually worsens. According to Overall Urban Planning of Fuzhou City, the general layout of urban areas is as following: taking areas along the rivers and the coast as main development axis, distribute a center city and 10 satellite cities along Minjiang River, Wulong River and the sea where convenient traffic with high speed is available. A spatial pattern of modem city appearing Type "L" with a central city as center and 10 satellite cities as surroundings has come into being. The existent road network of urban areas (North Minjiang River) is basically in the form of square grid while the road network of Cangshan (Nantai Island) appears the layout of free state and the main lines hasn't still formed a system. Since the New Century, the construction of urban areas takes "Expanding Eastward, Progressing Southward and Developing Westward" as the dominant direction, puts emphasis on development of Nantai Island and University City. The layout of central city adopts the group layout taking traditional central axis of Road 817 and modern development axis of Minjiang River as frame and Gutai District as the core, six districts i.e. Gushan, Xindian, Cangshan, Jinshan, Gaishan and Jianxin as outer surrounding closely and developing independently. 3.4.3 Survey of Public Traffic r-f4 )+1weq* 3S -rv & ig 41ufi 3t JAw $9 -a V 511-lp trA M 36 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 3.4.8.1 Review of development of public traffic in Fuzhou Fuzhou Public Traffic General Company, with a history of 47 years, was founded on Jan.l, 1952. With the support of Municipal CPC Committee and Municipal Government of Fuzhou, in rencent years great development of public traffic has been achieved in Fuzhou. Till the end of 2002, General Company owns 1,472 vehicles, 94 lines with a total length of 1,349km and a network length of 404km, 4,859 staff, 116 ticket check points, 12 junction centers and 3,148 bus stops including 70 concrete platforms and 132 stainless steel platforms. There are 9 sub-companies subordinated to General Company. Company One, Two and Three are the main force to carry passengers in urban and suburban areas. Company Four undertakes long distance transportation from Fuzhou to Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Since Minibus Company was founded in October of 1993, it has been developed into a Class II Legal Unit with 401 minibuses and 31 lines. The advantages of small size and flexibility of minibuses have been made full use and urban areas and Xincun Community have been linked together, which are popular among residents of Xincun Community. Sanshan Trade Company, advertisement companies, fittings for motor vehicles companies and overhauling factories, as per the range of business, carry on business such as external commodity trade, advertisements on carriages and platforms, fittings for motor vehicles and overhauling, medium repair and minor repair. In order to adapt to the demands of reform and open in Fuzhou, a foreign capital of 160,000,000 Yuan has been introduced by General Company since 1996. In addition, a capital of more than 20,000,000 Yuan has been raised through collecting money from staff and accepting donation from industrial and commercial enterprises of society to purchase more than 400 vehicles with air conditioners and develop and rebuild 21 old lines, thus the level of buses in Fuzhou becomes higher. 3.4.8.2 Status and problems of public traffic The construction of stations is always the weak link of public traffic development in Fuzhou, which has limited the further development of public traffic and seriously affected the normal operation of city roads. r- )ll-i- t8;gi$]4te¢3tg>t$ggt X 37 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station (1) Lag of Station Construction In the past years the construction of public traffic lags seriously behind and the infrastructure of public traffic lacks of investment. Since 1995, there is no appropriation from government so that Jinshan Parking Area, Xiayuan Parking Lot, Kuai'an Parking Lot and Houban Overhauling Factory planned to be constructed during the period of "the Eighth Five-Year Plan" become umcomplete projects. At present, about 50% (700) vehicles have no parking lot to park and guaranteed repair, only being parked at roadside. Some fleets temporarily lease yard for parking and maintenance. At the first and last bus stop of some buses, there are no parking lots, even no station houses. In some newly-built residents'communities such as Jinshan Community, the planning and construction of the first and last stop of buses lag behind so that the traveling of residents is difficult. In some areas, the layout of newly-developed lines will have to be extended and diversed for the impact of land use of the first and last bus stop, which will have an effect on the service range of public traffic. For those stations, which is provided by some cooperative units, especially developers of real estate, will be for free to public traffic department at the beginning for their own benefits, but the situation is not pleasant later. (2) Unreasonable Layout of Stations For historical reasons, buses on part of routes to suburb in Fuzhou are always parked in the center of city such as Wuyi Square at Nanmen and Taijiang etc. and the land for parking cannot be ensured, which is unfavorable for organization of traffic in the center of city, so its location must be optimized. In addition, as per the survey of traveling by bus, residents are not satisfied with discommodious change caused by unreasonable location of bus stops, especially the routes and stations with a large amount of passenger flow volume, for example Taijing Square is without land for bus stations. Airports, railway stations, long distance bus stations, passenger transport dock etc. seriously lack of corresponding hub stations for buses making the change of passengers inconvenient. fl d11tgit4sq>tgtgt%38 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 3.4.8.3 Plan of public traffic (1) Plan of Public Traffic of Central City in Fuzhou The Plan of Public Traffic of Central City in Fuzhou made by Shanghai Municipal Traffic Comprehensive Research Institute, Construction Committee and Planning Bureau of Fuzhou and Fuzhou Public Traffic General Company raises the development goal for recent and long term of public traffic in Fuzhou City. Table 3.4-1 Main Index of Planning Program of Public Traffic Index 2000 2005 2010 Population in urban areas (ten 143.69 181 200 thousand) Length of routes(km) 1244 1463 1548 Number of routes 82 100 106 Number of vehicles 1413 2050 3000 Standard vehicles 1320 1845 2720 Standard vehicles /per ten 9.1 10.2 13.6 thousand Track(km) 30 Passenger capacity(Ten 64 130 261 thousand/per day) Average annual growth 15.23% 15.00% Passenger person-kilometres 295 481 870 (Ten thousand persons/km/per day) Average annual growth 10.27% 12.6% Traveling by bus(Ten 42 99 200 thousand times/per day) Average annual growth 18.71% 15.1% Specific density of buses 7.43% 15.39% 30% Covering rate of bus stations 77.6% 81% 81% on the 2nd Ring Road(300m) Change coefficient 1.54 1.32 1.30 This Plan also presents planning of facilities in bus stations. 6 parking lots will be constructed recently (Jianxin Parking Lot, Parking Lot at the South 2nd Ring Road, Parking Lot in Fuxing Development Zone, Parking Lot in Meifeng Community, Xindian Parking Lot and Parking Lot on Guohuo Road) and an area of 255,000 m2 will be increased for parking. 1,290 buses can be maintained. Thereinto, Jianxin Parking Lot is also the object of this feasibility research with planned land of 38,000 m2 and 39 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station maintainability of 190 vehicles. (2) Plan of Parking Lot of Central City in Fuzhou The Plan of Public Traffic of Central City in Fuzhou in Fuzhou has presented the basic thought and initial ideas for layout and land scale of bus station, but has not confirmed the range of land use and execution plan. Plan of public traffic approved has arranged the route network of buses and bus stations and planned the land for use, while not considering the range (control) of land use for bus stations and arrangement of bus stations in outer new zones and the general scale and systematical planning (control of land use) of bus stations. So Plan of Parking Lot of Central City in Fuzhou has made detailed feasible plan of land use to ensure the land use of municipal public traffic facilities. Combined with Plan of Public Traffic in Fuzhou City and the scale required by bus stations in all the districts, considering the overall planning of Fuzhou City and detailed plan of sub-districts, this Plan predicts the area of land use for maintenance (parking) required by the sub-districts of Fuzhou. The planned parking lots include Jianxin Parking Lot, Xiushan Parking Lot, Parking Lot at South 2nd Ring Road, Parking Lot in Fuxing Development Zone, Parking Lot in University City, Xiayuan Parking Lot, Wenshanli Parking Lot and Kuai'an Parking Lot at Mawei, with total area of 275,000 m2 and a capacity of 1,400 parked and maintained vehicles. Thereinto, the planned area of land use for Jianxin Parking Lot is 40,000 m2 and the parking and maintaining capacity is 200 vehicles. 3.5 Sensitive Protected Goals Surrounding Proposed Parking Lot The parking lot is close to Pushang Industrial Zone located at southeast of junction of Pushang Road and proposed Hongwan Road with an area of 183.6mu (lmu=0.0667 hectares). In the parking lot, there is an office of Cangshan Jianxin Economic Management Zone, villagers' houses, farmland and high-voltage wires. In the photo of Figure 3.5-1 taken from the air, the tower of high-voltage wires can be seen. For detail, see the status of proposed parking lot. Sensitive points around bus station: Jmu ltil;gP# EPfi&19AW%V 40 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station (1) South parking lot is close to Gaozhai Village and Geyu Village and there are 32 houses within 4-13m away from the boundary of bus station. For detail, see Figure 3.5-2. Noise and waste gas produced in construction period and operation period will have an impact on these residents. (2) Zhuzhen Fenggang Ancestor Temple lies to the west of proposed bus station. It is said that this temple was founded in hole of Geyu Village more than one thousand years ago. Till 1914 (the 3rd year of the Republic), the whole temple was rebuilt and extended. Since the Temple has been destroyed by wind and rain for a long time, it is rebuilt in recent years. This Temple located between the proposed Hongwan Road and this Parking Lot is used for religious activities of villagers. Before construction of road, the acquired land of this project shall not be dismantled till construction of Hongwan Road to the west of parking lot. The proposed parking lot remains still lOm away from this Temple. Therefore, it is not considered as sensitive points. (3) There are some houses to the west of parking lot, located at the planned Hongwan Road and expanded Jinshan Park, not being considered as sensitive points. Therefore, the sensitive points near parking lot mainly distribute at the south of parking lot. +|Lt;t45e2R;&g}t@SiggUlSit,s 41 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 1t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -7 Figure 3.5-1 Status Figure of Parking Site Note: the parking site originally belongs to Jianxin Geyu Village and Gaozhai Village. The west and south parts are used for residence and middle and east parts are used.for nursery and farmland etc. I;rltil&tit44:ej;&tMttWtFtWX 42 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 4 Status Monitoring and Assessment of Environment Quality 4.1 Status Monitoring and Assessment of Environment Quality 4.1.1 Location of monitoring points 3 monitoring points are set within the range of air assessment of Jinshan Public Traffic Center Parking Lot, they are respectively: 1# Meiting Village, 2# Panbian Village and 3# Gangtou Village. For the location of all monitoring points, see Figure 4. 1-1. 4.1.2 Monitoring items According to the categories of air pollutants emissioned by the Project, the characteristics of environmental air pollution near the proposed site and relevant regulations, NO2 and PM1o can be chosen as monitoring items of quality status of environmental air. Analyze as per the monitoring data of Meiting Village, Panbian Village and Gangtou Village in 2001. 4.1.3 Sampling time and analysis methods of monitoring items For sampling time and analysis methods of monitoring items, see Table 4. 1-1. Table 4. 1-1 Sampling Time and Analysis Methods of Atmosphere Item Analysis Sampling Sampling Sampling Sampling methods frequency time flow volume instrument (Times/per (h) (IJper day) minute) NO2 Saltzman 4 1 0.3 Sampling instrument of atmosphere I 18 0.2 Daily average concentration sampling instrument PM1 o Gravimetric 1 12 100 Continuous method sampling pump of atmosphere C 43143 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 4.1.4 Assessment standard Adopt the National Quality Standard of Ambient Air (GB3095-1996) and Class standard in modified list. See 4.1-2. Table 4.1-2 Assessment Standard of Environmental Air Quality Name of pollutant Limited value of concentration( mg/m3) Sampling time Class I Class II Nitrogen dioxide Daily average 0.08 0.12 Hourly average 0.12 0.24 PM,, Daily average 0.05 0.15 4.1.5 Monitoring results and assessment of environmental air The monitoring results of environmental air depend on existent monitoring materials around the Project and the monitoring points are Meiting Village, Panbian Village and Gangtou Village monitored in 2001 (Report on Environmental Impact of Jinshan Orange Garden Phase Ifin Fuzhou December of 2004). During sampling, the dominant wind direction is NE and the wind frequency is up to 63% with an average wind speed of 2.5m/s and the maximum wind speed of 3.0m/s. For monitoring results, see Table 4.1-3. Table 4.1-3 Statistics of Monitoring Results of Environmental Air Status Sampling Monitored Hourly average concentration Daily average concentration point item Range Class 11 Superstandard Range Class 11 Superstandard rate rate Meiting NO2 Not 0.24 0 0.009- 0.12 0 Village monitored- 0.013 0.006 PM, / / / 0.02 - 0.15 0 0.05 Panbian NO2 0.004 - 0.24 0 Village 0.006 PM,, 0.01 - 0.15 0 0.05 Yl 1 ; a irv4 * 5n ff &9nnm it &ef& WITF aL, 4 4 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station FGangtou NO2 0.011 - 0.24 0 0.011 -. 0.12 0 Village 0.029 0.033 PM lo 0.06 - 0.15 0 0.07 From Table 4.1-3, it can be seen that NO2 and PM1 o monitored in Meiting Village, Panbian Village and Gangtou Village don't exceed the standard and can meet the requirements of functional zone, which shows that the environmental quality of this area is good. 4.2 Monitoring and Assessment of Noise Status 4.2.1 Monitoring method As per the method stipulated in Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB/T14623-93), when there is no rain and wind speed lower than 5.5m/s, noise can be monitored. 4.2.2 Setting monitoring points According to relevant regulations of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (sound environment) (HJ/T2.4-1995), 5 noise sampling locations shall be set within the assessment range of sound environment of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot in Fuzhou, and they are respectively: 1# Gaozhai Village, 2# Geyu Village, 3# West of Parking Lot, 4# North of Parking Lot and 5# Middle of Parking Lot. For detailed locations, see Figure 4.2-1. 4.2.3 Monitoring time From Nov. 10 to Nov. 1 1, 2004, each sampling locations shall be monitored for two days, for both daytime and nighttime noise monitoring on each day. 4.2.4 Assessment standard of sound environment status As per relevant regulations of Environmental Planning of Urban Areas in Fuzhou city, the functional zones within the range of sound environment VJ',l' lffiaXtpte24E&g}tYit8;at§@45 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station assessment are mainly classified as Category II and Category IV and sound environment quality shall be in accordance with the standard of Category II and Category IV stipulated in GB3096-93. Thereinto, the west and north of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot, are roads, western and northern areas belong to Category II zone, while estern and southern areas belong to Category IV zone. For assessment standard, see 4.2-1. Table 4.2-1 Standard of environmental noise of urban area Unit dB(A) Category Daytime Nighttime 2 60 50 4 70 55 4.2.5 Monitoring results and assessment of sound environment status Table 4.2-2 Monitoring Results of Noise Status dB(A) Monitoring Daytime Nighttime points Average value Standard value Average value Standard value monitored monitored Gaozhai Village 50 60 48 50 Geyu Village 51 60 48 50 Western Parking 54 70 49 55 Lot Northern Parking 56 70 50 55 Lot Middle Parking 50 60 47 50 Lot From survey of status, it can be known that the sound environment quality of this Project is now good. Northern border of station is close to Pushang Road, however, because there is little traffic flow on the road and the area where this Project is located is basically undeveloped, therefore, the sound environment of this area is comparatively good and quiet. 4.3 Status Assessment of Water Environment Quality Im ~~~~~~~~~~~46 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station The waste water of this Project will be discharged into the municipal sewage pipelines after being pretreated up to the requirements of entering into the pipelines and will be treated in Jinshan Waste Water Treatment Plant and finally be discharged into Beigang. Therefore, this assessment will not be surveryed on the spot. The tailwater from Waste Water Treatment Plant flows into Beigang, so the national controlledmonitoring sections of Beigang, that is, the monitoring materials of Kuiqi Section and Aofeng Section can be utilized. The following items for water quality assessment can be chosen: PH value, BOD5, CODM,, DO, SS, Petroleum, NH3-N and lead. 4.3.1 Assessment methods Parameter assessment of single water quality recommended in Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.3-93) can be used to do the assessment. Standard index method is recommended for parameter assessment of single water quality in HJ/T2.3-93. The standard index of single water quality parameter i at point j is as following: S, ,=c,, ,/cc, What: Cij: concentration of pollutants at the point of (ij) mg/L; Csi: the standard of surface water quality parameter i, mg/L; The standard index of pH is as following: 7.0-pH. pH 7.0 7.0 - PHs,d SPHi pH1 - 7.0 pHj > 7.0 pHs. -7.0' The standard index of DO is as following: IDOf -DOj DOJ DO - DOsS DO SDOj = 10-9 DO DOj DOf =468 /(31.6 + T) P' JltIlig;t4XeXFt)ffi& 4Ittg1lXl>ti 47 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 4.3.2 Assessment of water environment status Since the waste water from Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot is discharged into the municipal waste water pipeline network under Pushang Road and finally into Beigang along the road, the water environment status of Beigang Channel shall be monitored and assessed. The regular monitoring data of Kuiqi Section and Aofeng Section in 2002 can be used for analysis of water environment status. For monitoring results and analysis, see Table 4.3-1. Table 4.3-1 The Water Quality and Monitoring Statistic Results of Relevant Sections of Minjiang River in Fuzhou in 2002 Section Item pH CODMn BOD5 DO SS Petroleum NH3-N Lead Kuiqi Average 6.92 2.58 1.34 7.08 41 0.04 0.475 0.0016 value (mgIL) Assessment 6-9 6 4 5 -- 0.05 1.0 0.05 standard Category Ill (mg/L) Index of 0.08 0.43 0.34 0.36 0.8 0.48 0.032 pollution Aofeng Average 6.97 2.53 1.43 7.74 -- 0.340 0.0014 zhou value (mg/L) Assessment 6-9 4 3 6 0.05 0.5 0.01 standard Category If (mg/L) Index of 0.03 0.63 0.48 0.23 0.68 0.14 pollution From Table 4.3-5, it can be known that, supposed Kuiqi Section belongs to Category III, the pollution index is 0.32-0.8 and the water quality still accord with the standard of Category III; supposed Aofengzhou belongs to Category II, the pollution index is 0. 14-0.68 and the water quality still accord with the standard of Category II, which shows that the water quality status at the section of Beigang Aofengzhou-Kuiqi of Minjiang River is good. i il rtig,4 f9 ` f& gt'S MM 48 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 5 Assessment of Environmental Impact during Construction Period 5.1 Noise Impact Analysis during Construction Period (1) Noise source intensity of construction equipments Table 5.1-1 Noise source intensit of construction equipments S/N Type of machine Distance between monitoring Lmax points and construction equipments (m) Wheel loader 5 90 2 Grader 5 90 3 Vibrating road roller 5 86 4 Road roller with two wheels and 5 81 double vibra 5 Three-wheel road roller 5 8 1 6 Pneumatic tyre roller 5 76 7 Earth mover 5 86 8 Wheeled hydraulic excavator 5 84 9 Spreader 5 87 10 Generator 5 98 1I Truck 5 92 12 Concrete mixer 5 91 13 Concrete pump 5 85 14 Mobile crane 5 96 15 Hammer and rock drill 5 98 16 Vibrator 5 84 17 Pneumatic wrench 5 95 (2) Forecasting mode The noise produced by construction machines can be approximately treated as point source which weakens along with the distance of point source and the mode is as following: Lp Lp&-20 log(fr) What: Lp-Forecasting value of construction noise at r m away from sound source dB (A); Lpo Referenced sound level value at ro m away from sound source dB (A). Through calculation, the noise value of different types of construction machines and the forecasting value of noise at different distance can be obtained, see Table 5.1-2. Table 5.1-2 The Forecasting Value of Noise Produced by all Construction r,-4+1 J -149,lFF Afi wf P4.*63f 3 itw i0igZ XASARM49 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Machines at Different distance Name of equipment Lmax Forecasting value of noise at different distance (5m from monitoring dB(A) point) 5m lOm 20m 40m 50m Wheel loader 90 90 84 78 72 70 Grader 90 90 84 78 72 70 Vibrating road roller 86 86 80 74 68 66 Road roller with two 81 81 75 69 63 61 wheels and double vibra Three-wheel road 81 81 75 69 63 61 roller Pneumatic tyre roller 76 76 70 64 58 56 Earth mover 86 86 80 74 68 66 Wheeled hydraulic 84 84 78 72 66 64 excavator Spreader 87 87 81 75 69 67 Generator 98 98 92 86 80 78 Truck 92 92 86 80 74 72 Concrete mixer 91 91 85 79 73 71 Concrete pump 85 85 76 70 64 62 Mobile crane 96 96 90 84 76 74 Hammer and rock 98 98 92 86 80 78 drill Vibrator 84 84 78 72 66 64 Pneumatic wrench 95 95 89 83 77 75 (3) Assessment of Noise Impact during Construction Period Table 5.1-3 Noise Limited Value of Construction Site LAeq[dB(A)] Construction Main noise source Limited value of noise period Daytime Nighttime Earth and Earth mover, excavator and 75 55 stone loader etc. Pile driving All kinds of pile-drivers 85 No construction Structure Concrete mixer, vibrator and 70 55 electric saw etc. Decoration Crane and elevator etc. 65 55 As per the above forecasted results and the survey of sensitive points around the Project, if the distance between sensitive point and construction site is 4-13m, the impact of noise produced by construction at daytime and nighttime on sensitive points will exceed the limited values regulated in Noise Standard Cy11t$FI i f T&AA$943-Wi AA 50 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station on Construction Site. So the noise produced by construction will have an impact on nearby residents. Therefore, strict measures must be taken to reduce the impact of noise on surrounding residents when construction is carried on nearby sensitive points of sound environment. 5.2 Impact Analysis and Mitigation Countermeasures of Environmental Air Quality during Construction Period 5.2.1 Analysis of atmosphere pollution source during construction period As per analog survey, the sources of air pollution during construction period are mainly as following: 1) Dust produced in the progress of excavation, removal and loading and unloading of sandstone and secondary dust produced by transportation during construction period. 2) A certain quantity of waste gas emissioned by machines and transport vehicles which bum oil nearby construction site. 3) Materials with toxic odor and volatility used in construction such as asphalt etc. Thereinto, what has most impact on surrounding environment is dust produced in construction. 5.2.2 Impact analysis of atmosphere environment during construction period Dust produced by vehicles transporting materials will have great and long-term impact on environmental air, which will become worse if the roads in construction site are destroyed or expose. Generally the quantity of dust has proportional relation with speed and weight of motor vehicles and dust quantity on road surface. As per relevant research, when motor vehicles transport earth, the concentration of dust on both sides of roads for a short time can be up to 8-1Omg/m 3 , exceeding the standard of Class III Air Quality. But the concentration of dust will rapidly reduce with the increasing of distance. The concentration of dust at 200m under lower wind direction almost approaches that of dust in the upper wind direction at corresponding point. As per analysis and comparision of similar projects, secondary dust produced by -)1-rJrlg+? - ip ilfILPfT49 iN A $9V 91 A9 51 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station transportation will cause pollution to the residents, especially the residents living in the houses at the first row, near construction site. Dust can also be produced by demolition and removal of buildings, construction of roads, mixture of building materials and excavation and drilling of dry ground etc. During construction period, it shall not be ignored that dust also produces when there is strong wind or earth is backfilled, because the plants are destroyed and the ground surface exposed and water vapored, dry and loose particles are formed on ground surface so that the ground surface is loose. Construction machines and transportation vehicles which bum oil will emission waste gas of certain quantity near the construction site. Construction sites are generally located at the sections with busy traffic, however, the waste gas from construction equipments and vehicles only accounts for little of total amount, so it will not have great impact on surrounding environment air if only the maintenance of equipments is strengthened and emission of black smoke is reduced. Dust produced by construction suspends in the air, if it is inhaled by constructors and surrounding residents, all kinds of diseases on respiratory tract will be caused. Moreover, a large quantity of disease-leading bacteria in dust will infect other diseases and seriously affect health of constructors and surrounding residents. 5.3 Impact Assessment of Ecological Environment during Construction Period 5.4 Impact Assessment of Water Environment during Construction Period The waste water produced in construction is mainly from: muddy water produced by excavation, flush water produced by construction machines and transportation vehicles, sanitary waste produced by constructors, surface runoff produced by overburden scoured by rain, building mud, rubbish and waste etc. A large quantity of sediment and dust is produced by removal of buildings and J-H-rti fA ig VIfP4 * W Api&tgt a w 49 V 4_4 9 11 'A 52 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station excavation of ground during construction period and most of surface runoff produced by rain gathers into surrounding water area through rivers. There are no perfect drainage facilities during construction period, so the discharge of waste water will affect the receiving waterbody of ground surface at construction section and add sediment to water. Although there is little water, the impact time is long, to which shall be paid attention by construction unit. Fuzhou lies in the subtropical zone where the annually average rainfall can reach 1,354mm and July, August and September are flood seasons, with many storms in summer. It is easy for rain to flush the construction site and pollute surrounding environment, especially the rainwater on ground produced by flushing construction site will block city rainwater drainage network system. During construction period, a large amount of constructors and machines enter into construction site, if it rains, the pollutants on surface source in construction site will be discharged into nearby water area and will affect water quality. In addition, the impact on surrounding water environment also includes the impact on water environment caused by direct discharge of sanitary waste produced by constructors and water used to wash vehicles into nearby water area. In a word, there are mainly the following points: (1) If the sanitary waste produced by constructors isn't treated collectively, it shall not be discharged into water area. The sanitary waste includes washing water of constructors, waste water from dining room and washing water of toilet and rubbish not treated collectively. All the sanitary waste is directly discharged into nearby rivers. The concentration of sanitary waste produced by 250 constructors is generally low, with daily discharge 3 volume of 12.5m . In main pollutants emissioned, there is 1.88kg/d BOD5, 3.13kg/d CODcr and 1.25kg/d SS which shall be properly treated. (2) The rubbish produced in construction includes sanitary waste of constructors, waste of construction materials, waste after repair and other similar waste, thereinto, the sanitary waste of constructors includes all kinds of food, rubbish from kitchen, offal, plastic dishware, cup or bag and other paper, cloth or glass waste commodities. If the rubbish quantity produced by one person on one day is lkg, then the total quantity of rubbish each day is 0.25 tons. The rubbish from building materials mainly includes scraps of wood, iron, paper and lime in construction. Rubbish T-)+1M5r1AMPf**h3tE&g AN53 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station after repair mainly includes waste parts, ropes and scrap iron. f-AiE -ri9Ai 4 ff5L)T&f tw$ lf'Ait 54 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou linshan Central Bus Station 6 Environmental Impact Assessment during Operation Period 6.1 Analysis of Impact on Air Environment 6.1.1 Analysis of the source of pollution Learned from analysis of the preceding works, the main source of atmospheric pollution is the tail gas discharged from automobile and oily smoke from the canteen. The oily smoke etc. exhaust gas generated by the canteen shall be let out from the chimney at the top of the building guided via the inner set smoking pipe after the secondary treatment, less impact to the surrounding environment. The tail gas from the automobile belongs to the non-point source. The atmospheric pollutant of the tail gas from the automobile contains principally NOx, CO. When this parking area is in the peak flow of traffic, refer the maximum intensity of non-point source to table 6.1- 1. Table 6.1-1 The maximum discharged source intensity from the source of atmospheric pollution Unit: mg/s Type of source HC NOx CO intensity Non-point source 300 190 1850 As regards to the source intensity of the total non-methane hydrocarbon, the calculation shall be made by adopting the regression equation of total hydrocarbon consistency (CTHC) and non-methane hydrocarbon one (CNMHC) discharged from automobile in The Relation Between Total Hydrocarbon and Non Methane of Automobile Discharge in Urban Road (Deng Shun xi), the equation is: CTHC =I. 3963 + 1. 0322CNMHC The maximum source of the total non-methane hydrocarbon obtained from above formula is 298.65mg/s. 6.1.2 Mode of atmospheric diffusion For the elevated point source, the Gaussian formula shall be employed to calculate the ground consistency of pollutant. When the height of the chimney is in average wind speed in> 1.5m/s(hereinafter called availability of wind), C0ll'ifFfeHfRi;& 4AitiWt8;at 55 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station the hourly average consistency on ground shall be calculated as per the following formula: C = 2 UQ exp(- 2,2 )'F F=2exp 1 2 ) When the height of the chimney is in average wind speed in< 1.5m/s (hereinafter called breeze, calm wind) , the one-time average consistency on ground shall be calculated as per Gauss integration formula for stacks, which is: C , 2 exp[-XUT exp(Y) exp( HZ ) dt (2gr312 or.~ Cy . U,) [2U jr 2(_2a~ 2, In the above fornulas: C - - Ground hourly average consistency(mg/Nm 3 ): Q Source intensity(mg/s) U - The average wind speed at the height of the chimney(m/s) , cr , Cr - The perpendicular diffusion parameter(m *m) for longitudinal, transverse wind,; H - Effective source height(m) y Distance of transverse wind(m) The equivalent point source method shall be adopted for non-point source, this non-point source shall be made equivalent to the imaginary point source of windward, i.e. One initial diffusion dimension (ay, and ao, ) is added in the formula of point source, then the distribution of consistency for the pollutant shall be calculated with Gaussian Mode. However, the parameter value of atmospheric diffusion for the point calculation shall be defined in accordance with the position of the imaginary point. or,= (X+X,), = cru(X+XX). X, and X, can be determined by cr, and a, . Then aor and or, shall be determined by L/4.3 and H/2.5 respectively. L is the width of non-point source, 100m will be taken, H is the average height of the non-point source, 1.5m will be selected. 6.1.3 Parameters of atmospheric diffusion The parameter of atmospheric diffusion will be the value recommended )vs14t9ait4ttg>g'&V Im 56 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station according to the national standards HJ/T2.2-93(Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment-atmospheric environment) , refer to Table 6.1-2-6.1-3. Table 6.1-2 The parameter of atmospheric diffusion in availability of wind Parameter of Stability Formula of diffusion Distance of diffusion leeward(m) 4 a Instable 0.281846Xo 9' 17u 0-1000 4 _ 0.396353Xui ) 1000 0 9325 Neutral 0.229500X °9 1 0-1000 0.314238Xu1"55 6 ) 1000 926 49 Stable 0.143940Xu 1 0-1000 0.189396X5 86940 ) 1000 Instable 0. 127190X0 9 6443 5 0-500 093 0 0.057025X' 16 ) 500 Neutral 0.1 14682X°- 941'°' 0-500 0.0757182Xt-' 1010 ) 500 Stable 0.126152X 0 535625 0-2000 0.235667Xu 1'641U 2000-10000 0.l36659°Xl0 5 755 10000 Table 6.1-3 The parameter of atmospheric diffusion in breeze Stability S1 5S Instable 0.76T 0.47T Neutral 0.55T 0.21T Stable 0.47T 0.12T 6.1.4 Wind speed and wind direction on ground surface (1) Wind speed The average annual wind speed in this region is 2.4m/s, influenced by typhoon in summer, Maximum instantaneous wind speed can be 40m/s. the frequency of calm wind is relatively high, up to 23.3 %. (2) Wind direction The seasonal wind climate in this region is notable, the annual dominant wind direction is south-southeast one, due to the influence of southerly wind in summer, and the frequency of this wind direction appears more remarkable. The frequency of wind is relatively dispersed, despite that the highest frequency of wind direction is southerly wind, the frequency of north wind and northerly wind is not low. This region is closer to the sea, the daily change of wind direction possesses the apparent characteristics of land and sea freeze, generally the cycle is based on day and night, the g~~~~ *ff1 71iFgt4t&49 1 w$'V 9 J A 57 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station morning is northwest wind, change after lunch to southeast wind, it is more obvious in summer. 6.1.5 Predicted results and assessment Because the source of the atmospheric pollution for this construction project is only discharged in discontinuity, the estimation is only made for the hourly average consistency distribution of leeward axial ground, and the impact extent and scope to surrounding atmospheric quality when the maximum discharge of tail gas from automobile in the park area. Known from the table 6.1-4 and 6.1-5, the impact to the scope of lOOm around in case the maximum discharge of tail gas is made from automobile. Got in accordance with table 6.1-4, the impact scope to lOOm around of NO2 in tail gas of automobile is 0.005-0.0713mg/m3 , is 0.2%'29.7% of assessment standard; obtained from table 6.1-5, the impact scope to lOOm around of CO in tail gas of automobile is 0.0082- 1.1020mg/m3 , is 0.082%- 11.02% of assessment standard. Learned from table 6.1-6, in case of the peak house for this project, in the impact of NMHC discharged, the maximum impact value to surrounding lOm is 0.1779mg/m 3 . Consequently, the impact to surrounding lOOm and beyond is quite small by NO2 and CO in the tail gas of automobile produced in the construction of this project. Table 6.1-4 The hourly average consistency distribution of leeward axial 3 ground for NO2 discharged in parking area unit: mg/m Inside Stability U(m/s) i 0(m) 20(m) 30(m) 40(m) 50(m) 60(m) 70(m) 80(m) 90(m) 100(m) area 2.4 0.0391 0.0133 0.0124 0.0116 0.0108 0.0102 0.0095 0.0090 0.0085 0.0080 0.0076 Instable 1.5 0.0625 0.0213 0.0198 0.0185 0.0173 0.0163 0.0153 0.0144 0.0135 0.0129 0.0121 0.5 0.0048 0.0011 0.0010 0.0009 0.0008 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 0.0006 0.0005 2.4 0.0810 0.0311 0.0292 0.0274 0.0258 0.0244 0.0230 0.0218 0.0207 0.0197 0.0187 Neutral 1.5 0.1296 0.0499 0.0468 0.0439 0.0413 0.0390 0.0368 0.0349 0.0331 0.0315 0.0299 0.5 0.0265 0.0060 0.0055 0.0050 0.0046 0.0043 0.0039 0.0036 0.0034 0.0031 0.0030 Relative stable 2.4 0.1510 0.0689 0.0652 0.0619 0.0587 0.0559 0.0533 0.0509 0.0486 0.0465 0.0445 L______1.5 0.2416 0.1102 0.1043 0.0990 0.0940 0.0895 0.0853 0.0814 0.0778 0.0744 0.0713 1l-1r;A%P4lfff3&4}iWM8f 14ait9i 58 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 0.5 10.04611 0.01051 0.00961 0.00881 0.00801 0.00741 0.00691 0.00641 0.00591 0.0055 0.00551 Table 6.1-5 The hourly average consistency distribution of leeward axial ground for CO discharged in parking area unit: mg/r 3 Inside Stability U(m/s) 0(m)0 20(m) 30(m) 40(m) 50(m) 60(m) 70(m) 80(m) 90(m) 100(m) area 2.4 0.6031 0.2059 0.1917 0.1789 0.1674 0.1570 0.1476 0.1390 0.1311 0.1240 0.1174 Instable 1.5 0.9649 0.3295 0.3067 0.2862 0.2678 0.2512 0.2361 0.2223 0.2098 0.1984 0.1879 0.5 0.0743 0.0169 0.0153 0.0140 0.0129 0.0118 0.0110 0.0102 0.0095 0.0088 0.0082 2.4 1.2523 0.4818 0.4515 0.4240 0.3992 0.3766 0.3558 0.3369 0.3195 0.3034 0.2887 Neutral 1.5 2.0036 0.7709 0.7224 0.6785 0.6387 0.6025 0.5694 0.5390 0.5112 0.4855 0.4618 0.5 0.4098 0.0930 0.0848 0.0775 0.0712 0.0657 0.0607 0.0563 0.0524 0.0488 0.0456 2.4 2.3341 1.0647 1.0080 0.9560 0.9083 0.8644 0.8238 0.7863 0.7514 0.7190 0.6888 Relative stable 1.5 3.7345 1.7035 1.6127 1.5296 1.4533 1.3830 1.3181 1.2580 1.2022 1.1504 1.1020 _ 0.5 0.7127 0.1622 0.1478 0.1353 0.1242 0.1145 0.1059 0.0982 0.0913 0.0851 0.0795 Notes: 60% of NOx shall be taken for NO2. Table 6.1-6 The hourly average consistency distribution of leeward axial ground for NMHC discharg ed in parking area unit: mg/m3 Inside Stability U(m/s) l0(m) 20(m) 30(m) 40(m) 50(m) 60(m) 70(m) 80(m) 90(m) 100(m) area ___ 2.4 0.0974 0.0332 0.0309 0.0289 0.0270 0.0253 0.0238 0.0224 0.0212 0.0200 0.0190 Instable 1.5 0.1558 0.0532 0.0495 0.0462 0.0432 0.0406 0.0381 0.0359 0.0339 0.0320 0.0303 0.5 0.0120 0.0027 0.0025 0.0023 0.0021 0.0019 0.0018 0.0016 0.0015, 0.0014 0.0013 2.4 0.2022 0.0778 0.0729 0.0685 0.0644 0.0608 0.0574 0.0544 0.0516 0.0490 0.0466 Neutral 1.5 0.3234 0.1244 0.1166 0.1095 0.1031 0.0973 0.0919 0.0870 0.0825 0.0784 0.0746 0.5 0.0661 0.0150 0.0137 0.0125 0.0115 0.0106 0.0098 0.0091 0.0085 0.0079 0.0074 2.4 0.3768 0.1719 0.1627 0.1543 0.1466 0.1395 0.1330 0.1269 0.1213 0.1161 0.1112 Relative stable 1.5 0.6029 0.2750 0.2603 0.2469 0.2346 0.2233 0.2128 0.2031 0.19411 0.1857 0.1779 1 0.5 0.1151 0.0262 0.0239 0.0218 0.0201 0.0185 0.0171 0.0159 0.0 .0137 0.0128 6.2 Environmental Impact Assessment of Water The separate system for rainwater and wastewater shall be adopted for the drainage system of Jinshan Maintenance Yard. The waste water generated by main production workshops such as vehicle washing workshop, maintenance workshop and the canteen will enter into the respective oil separation tank, and will be discharged into the public pipe network of waste water outside the parking area after being treated through the gas floating system, the sewage quantity is approximately 357.7m3 /d, and finally enter into Beigang after nil ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~59 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station reaching the standard through the treatment of Jinshan Waste Water Treatment Plant. The rainwater in initial stage is 88.4m3/d, having satisfied the requirement of the third class standard by separating oil and desilting, this part of rainwater can be directly drained into the Waste Water Treatment Plant for treatment public via pipe network. So, if the maximum sewage quantity is taken into account, the maximum discharge quantity of wastewater shall be 446.1 m3/d. the waste water shall be discharged into Jinshan Waste Water Treatment Plant after reaching the third class standard in the "Comprehensive Effluent Standard of Waste Water" through the pre-treatment, and finally into Beigang after reaching the first class standard in the "Comprehensive Effluent Standard of Waste Water" through the treatment of Jinshan Waste Water Treatment Plant. This project generates less waste water, and discharged into Beigang after reaching the standard through the treatment of Jinshan Waste Water Treatment Plant, consequently, the waste water of this project will have less impact to water environment. 6.3 Environmental Impact Assessment of Noise during Operation Period [P11] I l[F11t ffitt#t2g& 4jl'gtgt2 60 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 7 Impact Analysis of Electromagnetic Environment The impact analysis of electromagnetic environment was performed in accordance with the experts' requirements. This chapter was prepared by Fujian Provincial Radiation Supervision Station. Since the 220kV Jianxin Substation is close to the project site and a line corridor consisting of one 220kv overhead transmission line and one 110kV overhead transmission line cross the site, this assessment subject is added in accordance with the experts' review comments on the Outline of Environmental Impact Assessment on the World Bank Financed Parking Area Construction of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station. The 220kV and 110kV transmission lines, which share one tower, are of two-loop overhead lines. The route of the 11 OkV transmission line is to be changed. 7.1 Contents and Methods of Special Assessment and Impacted Sensitive Targets 7.1.1 Contents of special assessment (1) The impact of power-frequency electromagnetic field, produced by the 220kV Jianxin Substation and its 220kV & 110kV overhead transmission lines, on the staff and the public in the parking area of the bus station, the interference of the power-frequency magnetic field to the CRT display in the dispatching center; (2) The interference of the 220kV Jianxin Substation and its 220kV & 110kV overhead transmission lines to the communication equipment in the dispatching center of the parking area. Item (1) above mentioned is mainly assessed in accordance with the measured value of power-frequency electromagnetic field. Item (2) is analyzed based upon the typical parameters of the communication equipment and common radio interference of the 220kV substation and 220kV overhead line. In accordance with the preliminary design drawings of the Project, the spaces with small persons, short standing time of train and large distance to the 220kV overhead line are not considered, such as the parking area and maintenance shop for vehicles. The dispatching center, waiting hall and dormitory building are selected as the impacted sensitive targets. In addition, the chapter gives a brief analysis to the risks of gas station and dispatching center of the Project when the 220kV overhead line and 220kV Jianxin Substation are struck by stroke of lightning. 7.1.2 Assessment standard FII+J F~f-F JA %JP filiailt4*btf,,3s&4 }d 9 %4ltFtg AlS 61 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station (1) Assessment standard for the impact of power-frequency electromagnetic field, produced by the high-voltage power transmission & transformation project, on the public is Technical Regulations on Environmental Impact Assessment of Electromagnetic Radiation Produced by 500kv Ultrahigh Voltage Transmission and Transfer Power Engineering (HJ/T24-1998); "1.3The code is applicable for the environmental impact assessment of electromagnetic radiation produced by 500kV supervoltage power transmission & transformation engineering. The code may also be used as the reference to environmental impact assessment of electromagnetic radiation produced by I IOkV, 220kV and 330kV power transmission & transformation engineering." "2.2.4.2 ... It is recommended that the value 4kV/m shall be the assessment standard for power-frequency electric field in residential area and the power frequency limit 100[tT during all-day radiation to the public issued by the International Radiation Protection Association be the standard for magnetic induction intensity." (2) For there may be many pedestrians in the bus station and the pedestrians in the parking area may get shocks when walking under the high-voltage line by taking umbrella in rainy day, the limit to the intensity of power-frequency electric field (3kV/m) produced by high-voltage corridor confirmed by Japan for the locations passed by persons with umbrella will be the assessment standard. (3) Interference of power-frequency magnetic field, produced by the high-voltage power transmission & transformation project, to CRT display will be analyzed in accordance with the Information Technology Equipment--Immunity Characteristics--Limits and Methods of Measurement (GB/T17618-1998). The limit to noise immunity is lA/m 4.26AT. 7.2 Measuring Results of Power-Frequency Electromagnetic Field in the Project Site 7.2.1 Monitoring instrument Please see Table 7.2-1 for the monitoring instrument. Table 7.2-1 Specification of Monitoring Instrument Name Power-frequency electromagnetic field analyzer Model EFA-300 manufacturer Germany W&G Co. Antenna form 3-D probe Measuring frequency Band-pass filter 15Hz-2k Hz )p+[T1-EkAfx_lpg&g4*?iff4IMMA31i!N944 T~FJAAN)62 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Instrument setup during Band-pass filter 50Hz monitorlng Measuring height The center of probe I .5m from the ground 7.2.2 Monitoring conditions Monitoring date: forenoon on Nov. 18, 2004; weather: sunny; ambient temperature: 20°C; relative humidity: 52%; measuring height: 1.5m; operation condition of substation: close to full-load. 7.2.3 Layout of monitoring points The 220kV Jianxin Substation is located in the east side of the project site to be built. Two high-voltage overhead lines (110kV and 220kV) cross the site from the east to the west. The 110kV overhead line is planned to be moved to the green belt at the north side of the site. At that time, its distances to the impacted sensitive targets will be larger than those of the 220kV line and its voltage class is lower than that of the 220kV overhead line, so the 110kV overhead line is not taken into account during monitoring and assessment of the current status. Layout of monitoring points is as follows: (1) One side of the dispatching center, waiting hall and dormitory building close to the 220kV overhead line; (2) Intensity distribution of power-frequency electromagnetic field on cross section of 220kV overhead line in relatively open area; (3) Along the enclosed wall at the west side of the 220kV substation at a distance of lm to the wall; (4) Along the direction vertical to the enclosed wall of the substation. Please see Fig. 7.2-1 for the detailed locations. Intensity measurement for power-frequency electric field is useless because the obstacles in the site (buildings, trees, etc.) are still not demolished, so only the intensity of power-frequency magnetic field was measured at most points and the intensity of power-frequency electric field was only measured in relatively open area. 63 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Constriuctioni Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Pushang Highway JjjThesite to bebuilt| New location of the lOkV overhead Maintenance shoo) IQn UGas l Parking area station lOOm 4* 9 a < 4!_ d Repair shop 4* 4* ~~~~~~~~~.l~~~~~~~~~j~~~I ~~~~~~- -Storey t 1 ~ 20* 2# tower 240nmX 32m 1 10O* 1 1* Parking area 220kV '49m '5* ..J-Q-1- 21* - Th47mer 5* 45* 4 0* Jianxin _ - _-_- - - - - ~ ~ 120kV overhead line 30_ Substation 17* ~ 19*22 . Parking area Waiting halll2| 3{. 31* 490m Fig. 7.2-1 Sketch Map for General Layout of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot and Layout of Monitoring Points. - --- Formatted: Font color: Auto J''.llI,lFilIi ,i'it .iry, yt4im,nii;jJ &&YS'( 1\16 11 A4 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 7.2.4 Monitoring results Please see Table 7.2-2 for the monitoring results. Table 7.2-2 Monitoring Results of Current Status of Power-frequency Electromagnetic Field in the Project Site to be Built No. of monitoring Location description E(kVlm) B(AT) point Near the enclosed wall, 32m to the edge of the west side 1 of the site, to the north of the 220kV overhead line; side 0.556 conductor's project on the ground 8m away from the enclosed wall 2 5m to the north of No. I point 0.198 0.520 3 5m to the north of No. 2 point 0.130 0.422 4 5m to the north of No. 3 point (near the enclosed wall) 0.021 0.346 5 5m to the centerline of the iron tower under the 220kV 0.181 0.672 overhead line, 42m to the edge of the west side of the site 6 5m to the north of No. 5 point (beside trees) 0.042 0.583 7 5m to the north of No. 6 point (in open area) 0.170 0.472 8 5m to the north of No. 7 point 0.079 0.409 9 5m to the north of No. 8 point 0.010 0.327 10 Under the l# tower footing, lOm out of the side 0.253 0.550 conductor (surrounded by a nursery) 11 5m to the east of No. 10 point (surrounded by a nursery) 0.125 0.530 12 40m to the south of 1# tower footing of 220kV 0.167 high-voltage line 13 5m to the east of the previous point 0.166 14 5m to the east of the previous point 0.164 15 5m to the east of the previous point 0.152 16 5m to the east of the previous point 0.140 17 5m to the east of the previous point 0.128 18 5m to the east of the previous point 0.120 19 5m to the east of the previous point 0.110 20 The south side of the dormitory building to be built 0.300 2 1 Under the 2# tower footing, 16m to the sideline, in open 0.103 0.597 area of the nursery I Om to the west of the enclosed wall of the Jianxin 22 Substation, under the 3# tower footing (nothing 0.531 surrounded) 65 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Table 7.2-2 (Continued) No. of monitoring Location description E(kV/m) B(pT) point 23 5m to the north of the previous point 0.246 0.645 24 5m to the north of the previous point 0.250 0.558 25 5m to the north of the previous point 0.203 0.500 26 5m to the north of the previous point 0.140 0.387 27 5m to the north of the previous point 0.082 0.297 28 5m to the north of the previous point 0.051 0.245 29 5m to the north of the previous point 0.027 0.194 30 5m to the north of the previous point 0.013 0.176 Im to the west of the enclosed wall of the Jianxin 31 Substation, start from the southeast corner of the 0.439 project site to be built, at the 220kV outgoing line 32 Sm to the north of the previous point 1.890 33 5m to the north of the previous point 0.777 34 5m to the north of the previous point 0.403 35 5m to the north of the previous point 1.023 36 5m to the north of the previous point 1.277 37 5m to the north of the previous point 1.485 38 5m to the north of the previous point 1.386 39 5m to the north of the previous point 1.123 40 5m to the north of the previous point 0.896 4 1 5m to the west of point 40 along the path in the 0.241 nursery 42 5m to the west of the previous point along the path in 0.195 the nursery 43 5m to the west of the previous point along the path in 0.190 the nursery 44 5m to the west of the previous point along the path in 0.210 the nursery 45x Sm to the west of the previous point along the path in 0.196 the nursery Max. value of power-frequency magnetic field Im out of the enclosed wall of the substation is 1.89AT; max. intensity of power-frequency electric field under the 220kV overhead line is 0.253kV/m and the max. power-frequency magnetic induction intensity is 0.672AT. It is concluded by comparison of the monitoring results of the measuring line lOm out of the enclosed wall of the substation (measuring points 22-30) and the measuring line Im out of the enclosed wall (measuring points 3140) (see Fig. 7.2-2) that intensity of the power-frequency magnetic field out of the enclosed wall of the substation attenuates fast in the vertical direction, which change is mainly impacted by the line. JdlUbltbip4*UpTt&499gn$94.tj'%tAtt# 66 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station -2 .1 . 5 I \\ , ' ~ - _ s lI Om out of ,_/ -. the enclosed .20. 5.° . -,, wall ofthe r= - substation ;- 5 7 wal ofthe 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Distance from the south end, m Fig. 7.2-2 Power-frequency Magnetic Induction Intensity Measured Along the Measuring Lines Parallel to the Enclosed Wall of the Substation With Distances Im and I Om to the Wallt -- Formatted: Font color: Auto 7.3 Impact Analysis of Power-Frequency Electromagnetic Field 7.3.1 The power-frequency electric field's impact on personnel The power-frequency electric field basically has no impact on the indoor targets since it is easily shielded, so the power-frequency electric field produced by the high-voltage overhead line and substation will have no impact on the personnel in the dispatching center, waiting hall and dormitory building. Standing time of the personnel above mentioned in outdoor area is relatively short and the measured max. intensity of the power-frequency electric field in the project site (0.253kV/m) is far lower than the assessment standard for the power-frequency electric field in residential area (4kV/m), so the power-frequency electric field produced by the high-voltage overhead line and substation will basically have no impact on the personnel above mentioned. The measured max. intensity of power-frequency electric field in the project site is 0.253kV/m, which is far lower than the assessment standard for power-frequency electric field (3kV/m) that may "cause persons to get shocks when walking under high-voltage overhead line with umbrella in rainy day". Therefore, the pedestrian will not get shock when walking under the 220kV overhead line by taking umbrella in rainy day within the scope of the project site, including the staff (drivers) and the passengers. 7.3.2 The power-frequency magnetic field's impact on personnel It is hard to shield the power-frequency magnetic field and its indoor intensity is nearly the same as the outdoor intensity, so some persons will be exposed in lJITI-IjAfRptS@wrg&g3j! tFtWX 67 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station the power-frequency magnetic field. As shown in Fig. 7.2-2, intensity of the power-frequency magnetic field produced by the substation attenuates quickly along with increase of the distance to the enclosed wall. The power-frequency magnetic field in the project site is mainly produced by the 220kV overhead line. Max. power-frequency magnetic induction intensity is 0.6724T under the 220kV overhead line and 0.327.T at the impacted sensitive targets. Both values are far lower than the assessment standard for the subject (1O00T) and the strict international standard (IAT)), so it will not impact health of the personnel in the impacted sensitive targets, including the dispatching center, waiting hall and dormitory building. 7.3.3 The power-frequency magnetic field's impact on CRT display Relatively obvious character blithering of the CRT display will happen when the power-frequency magnetic induction intensity is larger than the limit to noise immunity (1.26AT) of the CRT display. Then, use of computer will be impacted. It is recorded in Table 7.2-2 that the measured max. power-frequency magnetic induction intensity at the impacted sensitive targets (0.327pT) is far lower than the limit to noise immunity (1.261tT) of the CRT display, so obvious character blithering of the CRT display will not happen in the dispatching center and dormitory building. 7.4 Analysis of impact on radio interference 7.4.1 Categories of communications equipment Electrommunications equipment of the Dispatching center includes wire communications, interphone, GPS positioning system, which are mainly wire communications. Wire communications is based on telephone line, which will not be interfered. Interphone, GPS positioning system will be interfered based on signal-noise ratio and modulation mode of signal, etc. Intensity of receiving signal and intensity of interference field will be estimated on the two kinds of communications system, as well as the signal-noise ration will be calculated, which is the basis of assessment of the range of interference as the following. 7.4.2 Intensity of receiving signal of interfered communications equipment 7.4.2.1 GPS positioning system Precision of positioning of GPS system of the project, which could be 15m, will meet the requirements. It doesn't need difference positioning (DGPS) and its received signal of radio position finding is civil GPS signal, which is sent out by GPS satellite with the frequency of 1575MHz. 1de1'1tggt4Sttg>ttgt§2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~68 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Power launched by GPS satellite is 20-50W, with direct-to-ground height is about 20,000km. In case being estimated conservatively, launching power is as P=20W as well as the distance between GPS satellite and receiving point is as r =27,000km, antenna gain is as G=3dB (two times), and signal field intensity of its ground receiving point is E=(30PG) 12/r= 1.3x 10-6V/m= 1.31LV/m Namely E= 2.2dBAV/m. Communications technology of spread spectrum is adopted in GPS system, which transmission gain of spread spectrum reaches above 50dB and can work normally under situation of electrical level of GPS signal is less than that of wireless noise greatly. The effect of this receiving electrical level is equal to receiving effect of electrical level of non-spread spectrum signal, which is 52.2dBAV/m. 7.4.2.2 Interphone Communications radius of professional interphone system of the project is 5-8km, which can be used in the city where there are so many high buildings and available frequency band above 400MHz. The actual min-receiving field intensity is calculated as 5 1dBytV/m (the data from http://www.freetalker.net/zl/show/ 200312002.htm). 7.4.3 Power frequency of interfered communications equipment and intensity of interference field at the location of the transformer substation and trolly wire. 7.4.3.1 Transformer substation Monitoring result of Minqing 220kV transformer substation is quoted in this assessment. Intensity of interference field at the location of 20m beyond the enclosures of the transformer substation that is provided with the frequency of 30MHz, will not more than 10 dBuV/m, considering factors of the weather, in case being estimated conservatively, field intensity is increased 10dB, the max intensity of interference field of 30MHz is 20 dBizV/m. Each frequency of interference field of the transformer substation is decreased several-fold as 6dB. For the frequencies of 30MHz, 400MHz and 1575MHz are decreased 3.7 times and 5.7 times respectively. According to damping rule of frequency and the max-intensity of interference field of 30MHz, under the frequency of 400MHz and 1575MHz, intensity of interference field at the location of 20m beyond the enclosures of the 220kV transformer substation are -2.4dBLV/m and -14.2dBAV/m respectively. The distance between the dispatching center and the transformer substation is 400m, which is 20 times of the distance from the location of 20m beyond the enclosures of the substation. In case the distance of the 220kV distribution unit center will be taken into consideration, the intensity of interference field is decreased 20dB calculated based on damping rule (inverse-square law) of crossing distance of aerial wires. The intensity of the transformer substation at the dispatching center under the frequencies of 400MHz and 1575MHz are -22.4 dBAV/m and -34.2dBAV/m respectively. rJH rIii4gfXP4ttE>G'$MtFA11SitM 69 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 7.4.3.2 High-voltage trolly wire Wireless noise produced by high-voltage trolly wires is mainly corona discharge noise. Frequency spectrum of corona is concentrated less than 30MHz, which could not influence interphone (f 0OMHz) and GPS positioning system of the project. In infrequent special cases, in case insulator of iron tower of high-voltage trolly wire has defect, which shall cause spark at the hole or fracture and air gap would discharge, the frequency spectrum will be extended more than 10OMHz. Being shown as the above-mentioned Diagram 5-46 of the teaching materials (basis of reference (OdB) of the diagram is corona noise less than 0.5MHz), on the interfered frequency that is cared about, the comparative intensity of interference field of the frequency X00MHz is -24dB, as well as that of 1575 MHz (a little bit beyond the range of the frequency in the diagram) would be less than -5OdB. Because the minimal horizontal distance between the main building of the dispatching center and the insulator of the 220kV iron tower is 40m, the field intensity is decreased 6dB than that at the location of 20m according to the damping inverse-square law. In case wireless noise of the 220kV high-voltage trolly wires reaches the standard (the intensity of interference field at the location, where is 20m distance between ground cast shadow of the side conducting wire at the frequency of 0.5MHz, is 53dBAV/m), and the estimated value of the intensity of the interference field at the location where the airspace of the insulator of the iron tower at the frequency of 400MHz is 53dBkuV/m-24dB-6dB=23dBAV/m, and that at the frequency of 1575MH is 53dBAV/m-50dBI-6dB=-3dBAV/m. 7.4.4Signal-noise ratio and assessment on interfered communications equipment Noise power of receiving frequency range is directly proportional to the receiving bandwidth. Occupying bandwidth of civil GPS positioning system is 5MHz, which is 556 times of bandwidth of resolution ratio of quasi-peak detector of 9kHz at the frequency band between 0.1 5-30MHz. The intensity of interference field in its receiving bandwidth shall be added 27.4dB. The maximal frequency departure of interphone is ±5kHz and that of the effective bandwidth of signal is lOkHz, which intensity of interference field shall be added 0.5dB. When the dispatching center only just takes the wireless interference of the 220kV transformer substation into consideration, signal-noise ratio of 400MHz interphone is 5ldBAV/m-(-22.4dBtV/m+0.5dB)=72.9dB; signal-ratio of 1575MHz GPS system (considering extending frequency gain) is 52.2dBjuV/m-(-34.2dB/V/m+27.4dB) =59dB, which is excellent. Therefore, construction of the 220kV transformer substation will not influence GPS positioning system and interphone of the dispatching center. When the dispatching center just takes the wireless interference of the insulator's airspace of the iron tower of the 220kV trolly wires into consideration, signal-ratio of the 400MHz interphone is 5ldBAV/m-(23dBgV/m+0.5dB) =27.5dB, which is bigger than the standard signal-ratio of 12dB; signal-ratio of the 1575MHz GPS system is 52.2dBAiV/m-(-3dBuV/m+27.4dB)=27.8dB, where communications is normal. F-IlmTJNIf*)fR1tg itg&igiig5tgltAgl 70 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Therefore, it is defective to lead out the 220kV trolly wires at the insulator of the iron tower when the new transformer substation is constructed, but when the airspace is discharging, it will not influence GPS positioning equipment and interphone. 7.5 Risk Impact Assessment on the Transformer Substation and High-Voltage Trolly Wire Gas station is the top category of lightning-protection building of Criterionfor Lightning-protectionDesign of Building (GB 50057-1994), which shall be taken measures for lightning-protection. Because there are high-voltage trolly wires, which are easy to be lightning-stroked, nearby the gas station and the dispatching center, it is easier to produce electric spark by lightning strokeg in gas station and destroy the electric equipment in the dispatching center. Surge protector, equipotential connecting and masking grounding shall be installed in the dispatching center. The distance between intended removal of high-voltage trolly wire and gas station is only 25m, so the electric spark produced on trolly wires by lightning shock may threaten the safety of the gas station. The induction voltage of lightning in gas station will be high, so whether the plan of trolly wires is practical shall be accepted by the Lightning Protection Department, unless underground cable shall be adopted. The lightning-protection drawing and facilities shall be examined and accepted by the Lightning Protection Department. On the other hand, fire or explosion under the trolly wires will threaten the trolly wires. In case accident happens, it will bring about power cut in a large area. Therefore, trolly wires shall be kept a suitable distance with the gas station to ensure that they would not influence each other. In accordance with Regulation on the Protection of Electric Facilities of No.39 Decree of the State Council of the PRC, the protected area of 220kV and 110kV overhead electric line are the region in which sideline of conducting wires are extending horizontally 15m and 10m, and vertical with the two parallel surfaces. According to the plane layout of the initial design, gas station, dispatching center and employees' dormitory and the Waiting Hall accord with the requirements of Regulation on the Protection of Electric Facilities. 7.6 Conclusion and Countermeasures 7.6.1 Conclusion The construction of the new 220kV transformer substation and its 220kV trolly wires will not interfere with the interphone, GPS positioning equipment and CRT display in the dispatching center. The intensity of power frequency electromagnetic field of the dispatching center, waiting hall, employees' dormitory is less than the assessing standard of impact of power frequency electromagnetic field produced by high-voltage power transformation engineering on the public. The intensity of power frequency electromagnetic field is under the strictest standard in the world; therefore it shall not influence the workers and the public in the parking lots. People who are walking under 71 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station the 220kV trolly wires will not suffer lightning shocking in the rainy day. The gas station, dispatching center, employees' dormitory and waiting hall of the layout of the initial design shall accord with the requirements of Regulation on the Protection of Electric Facilities. In case the intended I IOkV trolley wire suffers from lightning shocking, it will threaten the safety of the gas station. Whether the plan of trolly wires is practical shall be accepted by the Lightning Protection Department, unless underground cable shall be adopted. The lightning-protection drawing and facilities shall be examined and accepted by the Lightning Protection Department. 7.6.2 Countermeasures The gas station and dispatching center shall take measures that can protect lightning on the high-voltage trolly wires. 7.6.3 Suggestion Interphone is suggested to use on the roofing to improve the signal intensity of the interphone. The electronic equipments in the dispatching center shall be allocated on one side of the 220kV trolly wire to decrease the impact of lightning on the high-voltage trolly wires. F+1d14914I*f )!1Z;li4t<#l;&A3t'Miil 72 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 8 Risk analysis and Building Preliminary Plan For Emergency. The project includes one gas station. According to the requirements of the experts, the gas station shall undergo risk analysis and havet a preliminary plan for emergency. The service station is flammable and explosive, which is the key department of fire protection. Precaution shall be put into the most important position in the security management of the service station, where shall be kept away and managed strictly, to put the key position on the protection of fire and explosion. At the same time, the preliminary plan for emergent accidents shall be formulated by any possibility. The related managers and the staff of the service station shall be familiar with the preliminary plan for emergent accidents and execute exercise on the site according to the requirements in order that they can do their own work and take remedial measures timely when the accidents are coming to decrease the loss at the minimal level. 8.1 Categories of Accidents and Risk Analysis Categories and risk analysis of gas entrainment There are four categories of accidents in the gas station: the first one is burning, the second one is explosion and leakage, the third one is explosion after burning and the last one is burning after explosion. No matter what kind accident happens, it will bring about very serious consequence. Therefore, prevention shall be strengthened to put an end to the accidents. At ordinary times, all the staff of the station shall study technology seriously and know well the complete process of the gas station and understand the hazard of the accidents to keep no risk at all. Meanwhile, the study and exercise of the preliminary plan for accidents shall be enforced in order to the accidents can be solved at any moment. According to the technology and equipment of the gas station, the possibility, hazard, prevention and emergency treatment are included as the follows: (1) Burning. Burning shall meet the following two conditions: the first one is gas leakage and the second one is burning source. The gas leakage may happen at many places, such as pipes, valves, gas collectors, compressors, desiccators, recovery pot and filtering pot etc. Except that the repair and maintenance shall be enforced, the inspection in the operating process is more important. In case the leakage is checked up, it shall be solved carefully in time. Gas leakage shall be prevented well firstly. The second point is preventing the burning source. Spark may be produced on the electric equipments (including the wire terminal becomes flexible, the electrical machine is not sealed rigorously), and produced by collision of metals, static electricity (static on equipment such as gas-entraining gun, gas pipe, chemical fiber clothing of workers and normal flashlight etc), wrong operation, fault of heating equipment and other fire sources. The Countermeasures is enforcing the maintenance and inspection of equipment (including ground lead), cross-under stirrup of pipe grounding 73 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station etc. In addition, knocking and collision shall be escaped in the repair. When necessary, the gas supply shall be cut off in order to protect well. The works can't wear chemical fiber clothing on duty (2) Explosion or leakage. The explosion in the gas station is mainly happened on the pipes and equipments when the pressure exceeds the intensity that the pipes and equipments could endure. The reasons are composed by two aspects ordinarily. The first one is the system pressure exceeds the regulated pressure; at last it exceeds the utmost limit of intensity of the equipment and its fittings, and then bring about the explosion or local burst. The second one is that during the operating process of the equipments, pipes and fittings, the intensity and enduring ability are decreased because the factors of corrosion and fatigue etc, and then the explosion will be brought about and the leakage will also be brought about because of loosing of conduit joint. The first step of prevention against this kind of accident is preventing overpressure and enforcing the maintenance. Overpressure operation is prohibited, therefore, in the maintenance of the equipment, compulsory-inspecting instruments such as safety valve and manometer shall be submitted for censorship regularly in order to prevent against overpressure brought about the out-of-run of the equipment. In terms of prevention against corrosion and fatigue of equipments, it is required to solve through maintenance. In terms of gas bottle, it shall be prevented against hydrogen brittleness produced by corrosion of hepatic gas; then it shall be submitted for censorship. (3) Explosion after burning; In case the burning of the gas can't be exterminated rapidly, the containers in the gas station will be heated, and the air pressure will be decreased rapidly; in case the exhausting is not easy and smooth, the explosion will be happened. This case is not easy to happen because the gas bottles were experienced the similar experiments. But in case the fire is so campaigned and the heating is decreased rapidly, the rapid increasing of pressure will bring about the explosion. The other situation is fulmination. Because the burning is heating the gas in the container, and the gas in the container is leaking through the safety valve; when it mixes with the air on the mixing ratio of 5%A15%, the explosion will be happened in case it meets the fire source. Therefore, the gas bottle storeroom shall not be closed and the draught of the storeroom shall not depend only on fans; the storeroom shall be open wide or half-open wide, at least scuttle shall be set up; and shall be isolated with machine room and station through fire partition to decrease the accidents. (4) Burning after explosion. In case the equipment and pipes explode, the gas will be leaked. In case there are not fire sources outside and no violent collision, the burning will not happen; in case the air supply passes the explosion point, a large amount of the gas will be leaked continuously to form fuel and air mixture; at this time, it is very dangerous that the burning after explosion will happen. 8.1.1 Risk analysis of fueling The risk features of oil storage tank area are reflected as oil spilling, oil leak, - Nj)+1*63i1[PW&MAW 'g9499M 74 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station bleeding, oil leakage, fire and explosion. The following table lists the main risk feature and the analysis of reasons. Table 8.1-lRisk Analysis of Oil Storage Tank Area Risk category Hazard Oil leakage (spilling, leaking Pollute the ground Breakage of oil tank, pump, and bleeding) water compression and pipes Pollute the surface Corrosion of buried tanks and pipes water Flooding point and bumping of oil Bring about fire and tanks explosion Capacity of fire-dike is not enough Leakage Wrong operation Fire and explosion Property loss Oil leakage Casualty of the staff Mechanical, high temperature, electric Polluting the and chemical sources of fire environment 8.2 Key points of emergency treatment Being dead against the above-mentioned features, in case the gas station suffers no matter what kind of accident, it shall take remedy measures rapidly to control the exacerbation of the accident. For this, the key points of emergency treatment are: (1) Fire accident: the gas supply shall be cut off rapidly, namely cut off the main valve of inlet gas and air valve as well as cut off the power supply. (2) Explosion accident. The power supply shall be cut off rapidly, namely cut off the source of fire as well as cut off all gas valves and gas supply. (3) Isolate the side rapidly. Irrelevant persons are not allowed to enter in. Prevent smoke and fire strictly as well as prevent against accidents. (4) Flames shall be put out immediately and call the police rapidly. 8.3 Division of work for emergency treatment In case accidents happen, all the staff shall dive into the salvage. The main remedy measures shall be divided. The staff shall be trained usually before the accidents happen. According to the technology and managing situation of the gas station, the division of work as follows: (1) The stationmaster or administrator shall take charge of the treatment of the accidents. They will be in charge of divide the work, organize and conduct cutting off the gas, power, fire extinction and alarming, and then they will isolate and protect the site after the accidents are controlled. (2) The jockey and maintenance worker in the machine room are in charge of cutting off the gas supply and in accordance with the flow of the pipes, they shall be in charge of cut off the main inlet valve, gas pool and air nil8+l75 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station valve. (3) The electricians are in charge of cutting off the power supply. In terms or explosion or leakage accident, they shall solve it rapidly and decidedly. In terms of burning accident, they shall take the circumstances into consideration to solve it. (4) When burning accident happens, the gas-entrained worker and the entrance guard shall put out the fire by extinguisher. In case the flames are very difficult to put out, the gas-entrained worker shall call the police; when explosion or leakage accident happens, they shall be in charge of isolating the site and safekeeping. (5) Other people shall take part in extinguishments or safekeeping. 8.4 Emergency treatment and emergency plan for the major accidents In terms of treatment of abrupt pollution accident, "precaution crucial, safety first" of the basic guideline for the environmental protection shall be followed. Especially for those abrupt fire and explosion or other pollutions, precautions shall be put into the most important position as well as the management shall be enhanced. In order to put the guideline of "precaution crucial, safety first" into effect, control source of hazard, save injured persons, guide the residents to protect themselves, organize to withdraw and eliminate the hannful consequence, the preliminary plan for emergency must be built up. It needs the combination of constructors and social succor. The detailed suggestions as follows: 8.4.1 Emergency treatment for the engineering project The emergency treatment for the engineering project means that measures shall be taken to decrease the hazard of equipments, materials and management in the construction and production produced by the accidents. (1) Emergency equipment and material Emergency equipment and material shall include fire fighting and industrial health etc. Interior fire-fighting department of the project is compulsory fire-fighting organization, which staffs are not only producer but also firemen. The compulsory fire-fighting team must be organized well in the project. Organize them accepted train of professional fire-fighting, use and maintain the fire-fighting equipment in order to ensure that the extinguishments of the fire at the beginning would not be delayed, the accident would not be expanded as well as the good chance of extinguishments would not be missed. According to related statistics, good organization of compulsory fire-fighting team is one of the effective measures for accident protection. Technical equipment for fire fighting includes extinguishing agent and mini-type fire extinguisher etc for the project. The storage of extinguishing agent shall meet the requirements of fire fighting; at the same time, according ds14-6Fgit4ttg& gt^'jlgt"# 76 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station to the requirements of fire fighting, the corresponding fireproofing facilities, tools, passages, banks and materials shall be prepared. On the other hand, it is very important to prepare productive hygiene facilities and personal protective articles. Productive hygiene facilities include industrial lighting, industrial draught, anti-vibration, noise-damping, anti-explosion, gas defense and anti-radiation etc. personal protective articles include the helmet, protective shoes, eye shield, anti-concussion plug, ear muff, helmet and protector of respiration etc. (2) Emergency treatment for site management Emergency treatment for site management includes formulation of plans and exercises, such as organization, system, division of work, self-aid etc. Organize to formulate managing system and technical measures for precaution of disaster and accident and carry into effect as well as make clear the requirements of emergency treatment. Formulate managing system of the safety of chemical dangerous articles and preliminary plan for emergency of chemical accident. Organize and train rescue team for accidents in the project, prepare necessary protective and rescue materials and equipments as well as specify a specially-assigned person to manage, inspect and maintain regularly in order to keep them perfect. Make clear the site directing organization and related system of emergency treatment as well as the responsibility to ensure that the direction is executed successfully. Ensure the communications and report and connect to the leadership timely. Materials department shall ensure the requirements of self-aid. (3) Monitoring measures on site In order to ensure the accidents could be restrained and the disaster-relief could be effective, monitoring system and facilities on site shall be prepared to find and know the accidents timely and correctly and forecast the developing trend. Monitoring measures include preparation of monitoring and waming system for accidents, movable or portable type of monitoring device on site and analyzing and inspecting device in analysis room. Train, management, improvement of business quality of inspectors (4) Measures for dealing with problems arising from an accident on site In terms of dealing with problems arising from an accident on site, the plan shall be formulated, which in an important part for emergency plan. The plan for dealing with problems arising from an accident is very important for the prevention against expanding of pollution and causing the next accident, therefore it shall be paid a great attention to. r- 1 f *4,*&43flOi MAit V0 ;JIli1 77 X Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station The plan of dealing with problems arising from an accident includes cleaning up, decontramination, recovery of production, and pollution inspection for the staff who disposed the accidents, medical treatment and timely treatment for injured persons on site. The plan of dealing with problems arising from an accident also includes the further safety inspection on site, especially hidden trouble produced by the accidents or stayed after the salvage, whether the hidden trouble could cause new accidents. The plan of dealing with problems arising from an accident also includes reason analysis of accidents, experience of lesson, improving measures and summary, compile accident report and report to the related department to keep filing. 8.4.2 Emergency treatment in reservoir area 8.4.2.1 Protective measures for decreasing hazard in reservoir area Protective measures for decreasing hazard in reservoir area of oil and CNG are the execution of protective measures for the whole enterprise on the basis of taking protective measures on site in order to rescue when self-aid of each device couldn't finish. (1) Build up professional fire-fighting organization. According to national fire-fighting statute, the enterprise shall build up professional fire-fighting organization combing with its real situation. Except building up a professional fire department, formulating plan of fireproofing and disaster protection as well as make clear response area, the fire-fighting plan shall be formulated as well as drilling on the spot shall be executed in accordance with the flammable and explosive area where have key productive device, key position, key equipment etc in order to improve business quality and ability of fire-fighting and disaster protection. (2) Prepare fire-fighting technical equipment. The fire-fighting system shall be set up according t national fire-fighting criterion strictly. (3) Build up industrial hygiene, environmental monitoring and managing system NMHC (non-methane hydrocarbon) and noise on the operating environment and accident site shall be monitored, and then the corresponding precaution measures and emergency plan shall be formulated. The corresponding monitoring instrument and lab shall be prepared for the monitoring of industrial hygiene. Meanwhile, portable instruments and meters and quick-detecting means shall be prepared for urgent need on accident site. Build up environmental monitoring system to monitor the atmosphere and weather of an accident, including measurement and analysis of concentration. Build up database and automatic conveying and processing system of rltTfit4f tt>t'4jgt§4 78 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station industrial hygiene and environmental monitoring in order to supply analysis result and scientific decision timely. 8.4.2.2 Rescue measures for emergency in reservoir area Rescue measures for emergency in reservoir area of oil and CNG shall be directed uniformly on the precondition of "precaution crucial" through building up emergency center. (1) Emergency organization and its responsibility. Emergency center shall be established in the reservoir area of oil and CNG. Its main responsibilities are: (O Organize to formulate managing system and technical measures for precaution against disaster and formulate preliminary plan for disaster; © Organize to develop train and exercise for precaution and rescue of emergency in the enterprise. Regular drilling and study of theory will be developed under the hypothetical situations in order to examine the operability, suitability and Stringency of the plan, as well as organize to compile Handbook for Abrupt Emergency, which shall be hold by everyone for consultancy; ( Organize and direct self-aid and social-aid for the accidents in the enterprise. Some professional departments, which are in charge of finishing its work, are established under the emergency center. (O) Safety supervision department shall formulate management system and technical measures for prevention of disaster accidents; compile plan for emergency rescue; organize education and train for accident precaution and emergency rescue; organize and direct self-aid and social-aid of emergency; organize to report the accident analysis to the leadership. ® Environmental protection department is in charge of organizing site monitoring and environmental monitoring of the accidents, determining endangered area of the accident, forecasting the extent of injury of the accident, directing the execution of measures for controlling the pollution. © Industrial hygiene department and medical treatment department are in charge of organizing gas defence and medical treatment on the accident site, determining the extent of injury on the staff produced by the poison and directing rescue and defence of the staff on site. (O) Professional fire department is in charge of controlling the source of hazard, rescuing the injured persons, putting out the fire and cleaning up the site. '' 1'J1f5w f4*1 3Efi&49 t w'91 T,I I 79 . Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station ® Information department is in charge of emergency communications team to ensure the rescuing communications could be straightway. ( Material department is in charge of ensuring the supply of disaster-relief materials and equipments. (O) Communications department is in charge of ensuing the delivery of disaster-relief materials, removing and transport of injured persons. ® Security body is in charge of organization of quick-rescuing team, negotiating the public security and fire-fighting department to rescue the injured persons, safekeeping and removal. ® Maintenance department is in charge of rushing to repair of the electromechanical instruments and buildings. (2) Emergency rescue When the gas station suffers accident, the alarming shall be correct and rapid; at the same time, the compulsory fire-fighting team shall be organized to develop self-aid. Take measures to control the source of hazard to prevent against the disaster happens again. When the gas station needs the rescue from the rescue center, it shall be reported rapidly. The emergency center shall report each professional department to rescue on the site. In the rescue on the accident site, the headquarters on site shall direct uniformly. The situation of the disaster and rescue activities shall be reported to the emergency center by the headquarters. And then the emergency center shall report to the social rescue center. In case the social rescue is needed, the social rescue center will dispatch the professional teams to the site. (3) The termination of emergency situation shall be determined by the emergency center in the gas station according to the suggestions of headquarters and experts of accident emergency committee and then issued. The accident site and impacted area shall be taken measures of dealing with problems arising from the accident according to the real situation. The measures of dealing with problems arising from the accident include rescission ultimately, cleaning up the site, cleanout the pollution and recovery of production; medical treatment of injured persons in the accident; estimation of casualty loss; analysis of accident reason and precaution measures for accidents happen again; summarizing the lessons; making out accident report and report to related department to keep filing etc. 8.4.3 Preliminary plan for emergency of social rescue rlI+DliATfP4 ITr it n&l #9ffF4saIt 80 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Because the accident happens abruptly and impacts on a large scale, the accident emergency shall be followed by the principle of "directed uniformly; taken respective charge by each grade; combining precaution with rescue; precaution crucial; integrating point and sphere; guaranteeing key point; combining experts with the public; scientific and effective". In case fire and explosion accident happens, it shall be disposed according to the preliminary plan for emergency. The emergency plan is divided three grades: the service station, the region and the municipal emergency. A complete plan includes: 1. General principles 2. General situation of the source of hazard 3. Emergency plan area 4. Emergency organization 5. Classification of emergency situation and response progress 6. Emergency facilities, equipments and materials 7. Emergency communications and notice 8. Emergency environmental monitoring and evaluation of consequence of the accident 9. Protective emergency measures; Measures, means and materials for cleaning out the leakage 10. Control of emergency dosage; Organization and plan of departure; medical treatment and public health 11. Termination of emergency status and recovery measures 12. Train and drill 13. Public education and information 14. Record and report 15. Appendix. Preparation and formation of various appendix materials related with emergency accident. 8.4.4 Brief summary In case leakage of a large amount of oil or CNG, fire accident happens, the corresponding emergency measures shall be taken according to compiled emergency allocation and emergency program in advance to stop the accident or decrease the dispreading hazard brought about by the hazard. The basic principle of emergency program is: alarming; estimating the level of 81 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station hazard; rescuing people first and rushing to save life and property. At the same time of self-aid, it shall be reported to the leaders, such as Fire Fighting Bureau, Environmental Protection Bureau, in order to gain salvation. 8.4.4.1 Fire-extinguishing and emergency program Quick fire extinguishing includes: (ODetective the fire ()Alanning system; Reporting workers on site and the emergency center (®)Self-aidof the workers in the factory, but only including trained workers Environmental protection includes: (OLeakage detecting (®)Report the leadership quickly )Dispose of the leakage articles Under the circumstance of fire, it must contact with the fire-fighting department immediately to control the fire within the factory. Workers in the service station shall be accepted fire-fighting train and exercises usually so that they can inspect fire-fighting facilities and know how to use fire-fighting facilities. 8.4.4.2 Emergency plan A program of emergency plan and departure from the site shall be established based on combining with the leader department and fire-fighting department. The emergency plan includes two parts: emergency plan in the service station and emergency plan outside the service station. Emergency plan in the service station The program aims at protecting workers on site and disposing abrupt accident. The program is in the charge of the emergency center on-site. Emergency plan outside the service station The program aims at protecting surrounding people, property and environment. It is in the charge of local department, namely that introducing preliminary plan for emergency from social rescue. 8.4.4.3 Fire-extinguishing Under the circumstance of fire, the following actions shall be adopted voluntarily as possible according to the severity of abrupt accident: - Alarming; All workers on site shall be removed quickly except F-)I'{i-r~9,tAapf4*FI,Lffi&4931wigglf4atigIf M 82 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station fire-fighting staff; - Inform the fire-fighting department immediately by telephone; - Try all the best to extinguish the fire. r sp'1tgit4tmg& mtg'twgg"% 83 _~~~~~~------.-.__ Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 9 Evaluation and Suggestion of Countermeasuress for Pollution Treatment 9.1 Countermeasuress for sewage treatment and feasibility analysis In the project, sewage is initially disposed by each discharge outlet of the source of pollution, and then discharged into Jinshan Sewage Plant. It is clear from the analysis of the previous works that this project just maintains the sewage from the maintenance shop, which doesn't meet the requirements of discharging through the pipe. But for the security, in terms of the waste water of washing the automobile from the maintaining plant, sewage from the service center, water for washing and care of the automobile and sewage from the dining room, they will be discharged to Jinshan Sewage Plant to dispose after the process of oil-filtering, slag-filtering and air flotation. The process of swage treatment as follows: (1) Requirements of process design Early rainwater is mixed with sewage after pretreatment of oil-filtering and desilting, and then disposed by Jinshan Sewage Plant, at last discharged according to the first grade standard of The Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard(GB8978-1996) (2) The process of purification treatment of sewage The flow process chart: Chart 9.1-1 Flow Chart of the Pretreatment Process for Sewage Ts f h;g;P8ltlM );&3 (13)|(4 0D Fecal sewage Cesspool Early rainwater Rainwater collecting pool (5) Oil-filtering and desilting Sewage from the dining-room Grid Sewage from the maintaining plant Oil-filtering pool Air flotation and oil removing (11) Sewage from the maintaining plant (1D Sewage after washing the automobile (13) Sewage from the service station (14) Municipal pipeworks F YIIWDI;a1XP4tEJ};&g3IS^$MM«I;II22A,S ~~~~~~~~85 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station (15) Jinshan Sewage Plant After the above-mentioned process, the sewage can meet the third-grade standard of The Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard as well as meet the requirements of adapter. 9.2 Countermeasuress for waste gas treatment Off-gas of automobiles is the main source of is pollution. The treatment is difficult to execute effectively because it is non-point pollution, therefore greening is suggested to enforce and roadway on the parking lots shall be allocated reasonably as well as draught system will be built up so that waste gas could discharged through the exhaust well in the middle part of the parking lots and from the surrounding. __ Comment Ipli: The process of treatment of quick off-gas of automobile as follows Oil smoke from the kitchen of the dining room will be discharged to the upper air through provided fuel after purification treatment by static electricity. Oil smoke from the kitchen-Gas skirt of oil smoke-Static purifier of oil smoke-Draught fan-Pipe well for oil smoke-Discharging to upper air Comment [pl2l d:1I 9.3 Prevention and treatment for noise 9.4 Countermeasuress for Dangerous Articles The potential abrupt accident hazard in the service station is the fire and leakage of oil. The operating rules shall be followed strictly in daily works and the safety Counterneasuress shall be taken actively. The vigilantness of the staff shall be strengthened so that all hazard accidents could be avoided. The following measures shall be taken in design of the project and after the project is put into use. 1) The service station is designed as the first-grade fire proofed building, which effective safety protective distance must be more than 25m between other main buildings; the building shall be well draught. Naked light is not allowed around the building and heat insulation shall be prepared in the summer; oil tank and gas container shall be buried underground. 2) Explosion-proof electric apparatus shall be used in the service station according to related standard and rule. Iron tools, which can produce spark easily, and shoes with pins are not allowed to use in the operation. 3) Grounding device shall be prepared in the design of oil tank, transportation of oil, process of pumping up and filling. Static electricity shall be prevented to accumulate. 86 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 4) According to quality of stored oil and CNG, fire-fighting equipment shall be prepared and kept well performance. The employees shall be organized to drill usually so that they could use various fire-fighting equipment masterly. 5) Concrete shall be paved on the road of the service station so that cut off filtering of the oil in the accident; open-channel and open trench, which are connected with separation tank, which is established for the service station to collect the water on the ground and leaked oil in the accident, shall be taken into consideration of the design for water supply and sewage works of the service station. Oil sick in the separation tank shall be cleaned up on time to prevent against major accident. 6) Necessary measures shall be taken to prevent against corrosion of underground equipment. Oil tank and oil delivery pipe shall have rot-proof coating in order to prevent against contacting with the soil directly; cathodic protection is adopted in the equipment in order to avoid the electric current entering into the soil from the equipment. 7) Concrete pit is set for underground tank; soil replacement method is used in the lower level of the pit, and clay soil, which is not easy to creep, will be used to backfill, which thickness is 2m. Mechanical or manual tamping will be adopted; Sampling analysis of local soil shall be prepared before the construction of the project. Monitoring well for underground water shall be established within the service station. In case the quality of underground water changes after the comparison project is put in operation, the corresponding measures shall be taken immediately. 9.5 Pollution Prevention Measures During Project Construction During the construction, the original landscape would be interfered by the discharge of construction sewage, surplus mud and the construction equipment and transportation vehicles would produce noise and flying dust. The environment around will be impacted if no proper measures. The environmental pollution caused by the construction and the prevention measures are described as follows: 1) Sewage The sewage on the construction site is from the equipment and material washing, drainage of groundwater during foundation construction, the oil-bearing sewage from the canteen of construction personnel and sanitary sewage and etc. The drainage from construction site contains much slurry. Without proper diversion and drainage measures, the sewage will cause flood on the site and interfere with the normal construction, and even run onto the road to interrupt the traffic. Furthermore, dispute might be caused if it flows into Gaizhai village or Geyu Village on south side. Therefore, proper measure for diversion and drainage of construction sewage shall be taken and the waster water from material and equipment washing may be reused after being settled. The sewage from the site canteen may be discharged only after dreg JHlg-itf9, IRW p-4* e li;&iMM A ~6 $Hfg,JA AR 87 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station and oil filtration and the sanitary sewage shall be treated by means of septic tank prior to its discharge. During the construction of this project, the site management shall be strengthened to organize the civilized construction and strictly comply with the recommendation and measures above so that the environmental interference may be minimized and the harmonic progress between the city development and environmental protection can be ensured. 2) Noise Based on the forecasting, the noise rating number around the site during the construction is basically above the relevant limit; the noise produced by the operating machines and equipment will cause certain interference with the residents on south side of the plant area especially during pile drilling. Therefore, effective measures must be taken during the construction to reduce the interference with the residents on the south side of the plant area and the residents near the parking plot. For noise decreasing measures, the Employer shall consider the following aspects: (1) Forbidding the operation of high noise equipment (such as percussive pile driller) during time (noon time or night) for rest. (2) Using low-noise equipment or those with sound insulation/elimination as far as possible. (3) The construction enterprise shall reasonably arrange its construction time and construction locations. The operation producing high noise may be arranged, in accordance with the construction requirements, at the locations far from the sound sensitive environment (Gaozhai village and Geyu Village), i.e. the northeast corner of the planned project site near to Pushang Road. The equipment shall be maintained regularly and the equipment operation shall strictly comply with the specification. For the residents on south side of the maintenance yard, temporary sound insulation fence or sound absorbing screen shall be installed adjacent to the boundary of the construction site. 3) Dust and exhaust gas (1) During excavation, drilling and demolition, water shall be sprayed on the loose and dry topsoil within the construction site to keep certain humidity and prevent from dust emission which shall be also applicable during backfilling when the topsoil is dry. (2) If the site is near Zhuzhen Fenggang Ancestor Temple, fence above 2.Om abound the construction site shall be set up. The main access on site shall be hardened and kept clean, and washing facility shall be installed at the exit. When the transportation vehicles driving out of the site, the guard and tires shall be well washed to avoid bearing dust and mud. During the construction, close mesh net shall be provided to prevent overflow of material, dregs and waste. Transportation of material and litter shall be in an enclosing manner, and overhead casting, careless loading and unloading muIIrtSs-ZtP;;^W¢Ssuw3s{tr.z&88 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station is forbidden. The stockpile of construction earth and cement, lime and etc shall be properly covered or storage in warehouse. On site there shall a temporary enclosed litter stock for the waste and dregs that is impossibly removed immediately. Premixed concrete shall be used for the works with concrete volume up to 30m 3 cast in one time. In case of mortar produced with bulk cement mixed in-situ, there shall be dust prevention measures taken for the site mixer. (3) On the site with demolition (site near Zhuzhen Fenggang Ancestor Temple) by method other than blasting, hard airtight fence over 2m shall be set up around and close mesh net shall be installed around the building to be demolished, so that the demolition is carried out in a closing condition and water spraying may be adopted during the operation. The dregs and litter shall be cleaned and removed within 24 hours after the demolition and effective covering shall be provided for which may not be timely removed. When loading the dregs and litter, water spraying and dust decreasing measures shall be taken. For the area where no work is performed within 3 months after the demolition, measures shall be taken to prevent flying dust from the exposed mud by methods such as covering, ground hardening or simple greening. (4) During the construction with many oil fuel machines and equipment, dedusting and fume prevention devices shall be installed on fixed equipment windward working within 50m. 9.6 Estimation of Investment for Environmental Project The environmental investment of this project is RMB Yuan including Oil-bearing wastewater, motor vehicle exhaust/tail gas mitigation works and canteen exhaust mitigation works, as shown in Table 9.6-1 below: Table 9.6-1 Estimation of Investment for Environmental Project Unit: RMB 10,000 Yuan S/n Item Amount I Sewage treatment works 100.34 2 Motor vehicle exhaust gas mitigation works 3 Canteen exhaust treatment works 14.39 4 Total r-dllffilgit3bROWiAi&1W'#ftff t 89 I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 10 Public Participation 10.1 Purpose and Meaning or Public Participation 10.2 Main purpose of public opinion survey is: (0 Providing chances for citizens and relative units to express their opinions; (© Providing chances for public to exert influence on consequence of development; (M)Improving public creditability of taking various measures on reducing impact of the Project; (0) Solving different opinions or conflicts on environmental problem to eliminate obstruction of the government on the execution of the plan; (0) Satisfying legal requirements of the public; () Holding bi-directional exchange of opinions among government official, public officer and citizen to identify main problems of the public and their value viewpoint to make the public realize the plan of the government and relative institutes, make the government understand each optional plan and its influence, thereby the government can make satisfy decision. 10.3 Pubic participation is an important part of evaluating work of environmental impact and an effective way to make scientific decision. The purpose of public participation makes the Project accepted fully by the public, realizing and grasping popular wishes and popular sentiments and requirements of the pubic about the Project, and then reporting suggestions of the public to relative department in order that relative important problems involved with construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area and the public could be researched and solved through negotiation. A correct decision or an important project could be obtained the way to solve problems and contradictories in case the public, especially the public who are influenced, could support it. 10.4 First public participation survey 10.4.1 Investigation Method and Content Article 15 of Decree of the State Council, Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Protection of Construction, Environmental Impact Statement formulated by the Employer shall comply with regulations of relative laws and ask for advises of local units and residents. In accordance with the above-mentioned regulations, three aspects are included in public opinion survey (1) Topics for discussion and problems: content of public opinion survey must be related with environmental problems and social impact, and be judged by the corresponding laws and statues. (2) Scale: scale of public opinion survey includes regions that are brought about environmental impact by pollution, which is caused by construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area in the scale of evaluation. The key scale of public opinion survey includes residents involved with demolition and resettlement of the parking 0tltait4tERFE&getut4at§~~~~~~~~~~~~~9 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station area, including villager committee and town government of influenced district. Questionnaires are distributed. (About 35 copies of questionnaires) (3) Object: Including residents in Geyu Village and Gaozhai Village who are influenced (4) Method: Investigation by questionnaire in written. (5) Content: Experiencing emotion and attitude of the public on the Project on site; filling questionnaires of public opinions; counting main opinions of the public; proposing methods to solve main problems considering public opinions. The main sensitive points are listed in Table 10.2-1. Table 10.4-1 The Main Sensitive Points of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area The min-distance Description with border of the Remark factory (m) Geyu Village, Gaozhai 4-13m 32 households Village 10.4.2 Statistics and analysis of findings of public opinions There are 35 copies of questionnaires distributed with 35 effective copies returned. The statistics of outcome of the questionnaires for the public participation survey are shown in Table 10.2-2. Table 10.4-2 Questionnaires for Public Participation Survey of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area Project profile Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area Project Reside Scho Hosp The 3rd Farme Enterprises Local Environmental O Category of the nt ol ital Industry r Institutions Protection Authority interviewees Isiuin 35 Question l: Do you agree with construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area Agree Disagree Objection 97.1% 2.9% Question 2: How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area after it is put into use? Excellent Good Average Fair LPoor 17.1% 54.3% 28.6% Question 3: Upon completion of the Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to? Excellent |Good |Average |Fair |Poor l 128.6% 157.1% 114.3% Question 4: Will construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area bring any negative environmental impact? Disturbance to Impact on waterbody by I residents due to ht dust wastewater from the Other factors surrounding scenenes traffic noise exhaust and dust bridge 91 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 34.3% 1100% 1100% 114.3% l Question 5: What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? Noise waste gases Dust lothers 5.7% 14.3% 14.3% l Question 6: upon completion of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? Noise lWaste gases |Dust |Others 100% 100% 74.3% Do you have any suggestion on preventive measures against the environmental impact during construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area and after completion of it: See Table 2-2 (1) Information and support to the Project Do you know about the Project? 35 persons have answered this question, with 33 of them answered "Yes", which take 94.3% of the interviewees; with 2 persons of them answered "no", which take 5.7% of the interviewees. Do you know about the following situation of the Project? 28 know the location and scale of the parking area, which takes 80% of the interviewees. Do you agree with construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area? 34 answered "Agree", which takes 97.1% of the interviewees; 1 answered "Disagree", which takes 2.9%. (2) Integral social benefit by introduction of the Project How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area after it is put into use? 6 answered "Excellent", which takes 17.1% of the total interviewees; 19 answered "Good", which takes 54.3%; 10 answered "Average", which takes 28.6%. Viewing from the outcome of survey, most of the interviewees think that construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area will help actively to improve the overall economic benefit to the district. (3) Environmental impact Upon completion of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will tum to? 3 answered "Average", which takes 28.6%; 20 answered "Fair", which takes 57.1%; 5 answered "bad", which takes 14.3%. Will construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area bring any negative environmental impact ? 12 answered "Impact on surrounding sceneries", which takes 34.3% of the total interviewees; 35 answered "Disturbance to residents due to traffic noise", which takes 100% of the total interviewees; 35 answered "Impact due to exhaust and dust", which takes 100%; 5 answered "Impact on waterbody by wastewater from the T)1dll i;gl4tANiP4;lT1i3t&V"iwt,1'g+At4at 92 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station bridge", which takes 14.3%. What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? 2 answered "Noise", which takes 5.7% of the total interviewees; 5 answered "Waste gases", which takes 14.3%; 5 answered "Dust", which takes 14.3%. Upon completion of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? 35 answered "Noise", which takes 100% of the total interviewees; 35 answered "Waste gases", which takes 100%; 26answered "Dust", which takes 74.3%. The district was flower plantation village originally, where residents live far from the road, with quilt and good residential environment. Viewing from the above statistics, most of the interviewees think that construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area will bring impact upon the surrounding environmental quality, and 100% of interviewees think that the major impact is that on the quality of sound environment and air environment. 10.5 Second Public Participation Survey The second public participation survey was held on Nov. 30, 2004. Interviewees cover residents of Geyu Village and Gaozhai Village. Detailed opinions collected please see Table 10.3-1. Table 10.5-1 Public Opinions on Main Sensitive Points S/no. Description Public opinions Remarks ()they require that ancestral temples on zhenfeng gang would not be removed and destroyed by the construction. (2)the elders worry about the resettled housing would be occupied by their children or they have not enough money to buy new hosing ®)most interviewees require that the compensation shall be fair, the amount shall be opened and the area of each resettler shall be published. The interviewees are (A)the middle-agers and elders worry about that resettlers and local Geyu they would lose the source of income after land villagers involved village acquisition, so they require the government could with Jinshan Central provide works to them or cost of living each Bus Parking Loting month; area ( villagers report that resettled housings of minjiang xincun are unqualified on the original pushang road. The walls are cracked before villagers live in. The villagers can't find any leadership to lodge a complaint. Therefore they worry about the similar situation would be suffered by them. _ _Iocal _ flower planters wrorry about the waste gas IvXlqgl;:gtt4tXfRR;&gil!tSXilialt§i ~~~~~~~~93 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station will pollute flowers and influence the quality and production of the flowers brought about by the construction of the parking area, so they suggest the construction shall be canceled or all the lands shall be expropriated.. (Dmost interviewees worry about compensation for demolition could be in accordance with the related policies and whether the compensation could be paid in full to the resettlers; (©)interviewees worry about that they would lose 2 Gaozhai their source of income after land acquisition so that The interviewees are village their standard of living would be decreased; villagers (®someinterviewees worry that construction of the parking area would locate at the edge of their flower planting lands, which are beyond the range of resettlement, so waste gas of vehicles will l ______influence quality of flower plantation. 10.5.1 Supporting opinions for construction of the Project Most of the public support construction of the Project. They consider that construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area could make transportation of local public conveniently, increase flow of people and promote local economic development. The construction of the project can make the surrounding land could be added value. Part of the public considers that although the construction of the Parking Area couldn't bring about tremendous active profit to the local district directly, they shall understand and support the requirements of the government's decision. 10.5.2 Issues worried by the interviewees Interviewees within the range of demolition have concerns upon following issues: 1) Compensation after demolition; Most of interviewees worry about that they have not enough money to buy new hosing through compensation paid by the government and they couldn't pay expense of real estate management. The interviewees also worry about whether the permitted compensation of the government could be distributed each resettler, meanwhile they worry about that whether the calculation of the area of existing housing could be fair, therefore they require that the area should be shown by publication. 2) Living problem after demolition; farmers who lost their land worry about their source of income. Villagers within the intended Parking Area depend on the income of flower plantation, so they worry about that they couldn't do their farming at present and the standard of living will be decreased; especially the middle-agers and elders. 3) Parts of elders live in the housings from their ancestors, so they worry about they have not enough money to buy new hosing. 4) The construction of the parking area will change the existing environment. Noise and waste gas of vehicles will bring about bad impact on quality of CYIItiI4aiP4teEFRS;8ct$Mt36atWX 94 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station surrounding environment, residential environment as well as the environment of flower plantation, at last the quality and production will be influenced. 10.6 Brief Summary on Public Participation Opinions I ) Most of the interviewees support Jinshan Central Bus Parking Loting Area Project; 2) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during planning and design include: (D The site selection shall decrease demolished housings as possible to prevent against inconvenience to the public. © Try the best to turn aside ancestral temples of local people in the planning; ( Appropriate measures shall be taken in the design of the parking area to decrease impact of noise and waste gas on the living environment. 3) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during road construction include: Construction site shall be allocated reasonably. Put the concrete mixer away from the residents and try the best to shorten the construction period. Residue of construction shall be disposed appropriately. It is not allowed to pour out into the farmlands or rivers. 4) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during demolition and resettlement includes: (© Compensation for demolition shall be reasonable. They hope constructors could talk over with matters concerned with demolition with resettles and compensation for demolition could be paid to the resettlers directly. ( They suggest provide proper economic compensation to farmers who lost their land so that they can keep their standard of living. It is meaningful for the stabilization of the society. ( Resettle the elders appropriately so that they could live well in their later years. I -981b1rbj;l;tg;t4tlif 3t#5>Yigil;ll%95 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 11 Environmental Protection Management and Environmental Monitoring Plan 11.1 Environmental protection management 11.1.1 Environmental management agency The principal in charge of (legal representative) Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot shall be the person in charge of environmental management of this project. The subordinate Engineering Department or Power Department shall have 4-5 full-time workers devoted to environmental protection. Of the 4-5 workers, at least 2 shall be professional technicians with the title of engineer or above. These workers shall fully implement environmental management to assist Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau in carrying out environmental protection and monitoring activities. The environmental management organization is shown in Figure 11.1-1. 11.1.2 Environmental management responsibilities The main responsibilities for environmental management are: 1) Environmental management during construction period During the construction period, management shall not only focuse on the construction quality and progress of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot, but also on the civilization of construction, the implementation of measures for mitigating environmental impact, and the implementation of contractual clauses concerming environmental protection. 2) Project construction management During the construction period, the Supervisory Unit employed by the constructor shall conduct full supervision and surveillance over the whole project, check the matching facilities environmental protection facilities and devices to see if they are constructed simultaneously with the main work as planned and if the quality meets the design requirements, so as to assure that, after completion of the main work, the environmental protection facilities can immediately produce utility in environmental protection. 3) Execution of and supervision over environmental impact mitigation measures The constructor is responsible for implementing the environmental impact mitigation measures recognized by the State Environmental Protection Administration, Fuzhou Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and the World Bank, so as to mitigate the possible negative environmental impact caused by project construction and operation. F-)+1-rri 4 & 4 &4l t t ;4,t M 96 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station (13) (4 Figure 11.2-1 Environmental Management Organization for Fuzhou City Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot Fuzhou Municipal Goverment Fuzhou Development and Planning Commission Fuzhou Municipal Communications Commission Fuzhou Public Transportation Corporation Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau Other Bureaus FuOther Departments Project Department rh+I MA ltw$941411Ifg, JMWf4*63f A SI M RpIr, 97 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 2 Full-time Workers of Environmental Protection Group Guangzhou Research Institute for Environmental Protection 2 persons of Environmental Protection Group (11) Responsible for Supervision over and Management of Environmental Protection during Operation 2 persons of Environmental Protection Group (IZ) and I Person of Contractor Responsible for Supervision over Environmental Protection during Construction (13) Assessment of Environmental Impact of Parking area Environmental Protection Action Plan for (14) Parking area (19 Environmental Monitoring and Detection during Construction and Operation 4%4Pf4*IiA rLpfW@Hfi> WWI FTI 9 Om98 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 4) Environmental management during operation (1) Educate the management personnel and workers at various levels at the construction site on environmental protection to improve their the awareness and technical level of environmental protection, improve their sense of responsibility for control of environmental pollution, so that they can actively make contribution to the creation of a good environment and promote the execution of site wide environmental protection. (2) Formulate the environmental management rules and operational instructions for pollution-preventing and -mitigating facilities for Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot. Periodically maintenance, service and check waste water treatment facilities, facilities for waste gases from the Worker's Dining Hall, motor vehicle exhaust treatment facilities, etc to ensure normal operation of these facilities. (3) Cooperate with the environmental protection authorities in environmental management, supervision and check. (4) Cooperate with the environmental protection authorities in solving pollution-causing accidents, etc. 11.1.3 Personnel training In order to improve the managerial and technical levels of professional environmental protection personnel, it is necessary to train them in the fields as listed in Table 11.1-1. Table 11.1-1 Plan for Personnel Training Trainees Contents Training Organizations Construction-related environmental protection regulations, environmental supervision Environmental regulations, Fuzhou Municipal environmental Management protection management rules, measures and Orgnized bym Fuzhou .Municipal Communications Personnei of technologies for preventing pollution during Commission Parking area construction, management, maintenance and operations of environmental management facilities, etc. Construction-related environmental protection Constructor's regulations, environmental supervision Principal regulations, Fuzhou Municipal environmental Environmental protection management rules, measures and Organized bymmunicatisz Envlron mental ~~~~~~Municipal Communications technologies for preventing pollution during Protection Commnission Personnel construction, management, maintenance and operations of environmental management facilities, etc. 99 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 11.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan During the construction and operation periods, in order to understand the effectiveness of measures, respond as quickly as possible to environmental problems not predicted and verify the accuracy of environmental impact forecast, usually environmental monitoring is needed. Environmental monitoring plan shall be made specific to different stages, including sample collection, analysis, data processing, environmental assessment, report preparation, etc. The purpose of environmental monitoring plan is to assess the effectiveness of various mitigating measures, respond as quickly as possible to environmental problems unforeseen in construction or operation periods, make policies on basis of data collected from monitoring activities, and improve or supplement environmental protection measures. 11.2.1 Monitoring points 1) During the construction period The main factor to be monitored during the construction period is the impact of noise on Gaozhai Village and Geyu Village. So, two noise-monitoring points will be set during the construction period, one in Gaozhai Village and one in Geyu Village. Either of the monitoring point will be set at 1m from the window of the first row of residences. Monitoring will last for one day per three months, divided in two time sections - daytime and nighttime. 2) During the operation period The factors to be monitored during the operation period are noise, water quality and exhaust from motor vehicles. Four (4) noise monitoring points are set at Im outside the parking area boundary and one two (2) at lm from the window of the first row of residences of Gaozhai Village and Geyu Village facing the maintenance yard (one for each village). Six noise monitoring points in total. The purpose of water quality monitoring is to know the effectiveness of wastewater treatment facilities. So, water quality monitoring points are set the inlet, outlet and general water outlet. There are five water quality-monitoring points in total. The frequency of monitoring is one time every three months. Jingshan Public Transportation Center Parking area is equipped with facilities for monitoring exhaust of motor vehicles. These facilities are the matching monitoring facilities of the parking area and are used to monitor exhaust of motor vehicles that are of level-2 maintenance/inspection or above. The parameters to be monitored include smoke color (for diesel-fueled motors), HC, NOX and CO. The monitoring frequency will be determined as per the cycles of maintenance of motor vehicles. 11.2.2 Items, frequencies and durations I)II NIN4 ftf&4 100 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station For the items, frequencies and durations of monitoring during the construction and operation periods, please refer to Tables 11.2-land 11.2-2. Table 11.2-1 Items, Frequencies and Durations of Monitoring during Construction Items Parameters Frequencies Durations Points Start Time Methods Con struc iton Noise Leq 2 times/day 2 days/m 4 Perion Period Vibration VLz10 2 times/day 2 days/m 4 Construction Air Quality PM10, CO, NO2 4 times/day 3 days/m 4 ______~~~~Period As per national CODCr environmental SS monitoring rules Petroleum .Construction Wastewater I time/day 2 days/m 5 Animal/Vegetable Period Oils Note: Monitoring will last for 12 months during the construction period. Table 11.2-2 Items, Frequencies and Durations of Monitoring during Construction Start Items Parameters Frequencies Durations Points time Methods Time 2 times/day I day/3 (one in Operation Noise Leq 10 months daytime Period and one in nighttime) 4 day/3 4 times/day Operation As per Air Quality PM1o, CO, NO2 2 national months (24hours) environmental CODcr Operation monitoring SS rules Petroleum I day/3 1 Wastewater 3 Animal/Vegetable months time/day Oils BOD5 Underground P I day/3 1 m I Operation Water months Period Note: Monitoring will last for 2 years during the operation period. 11.2.3 Monitoring data analysis and management Data collected from monitoring on the environment of the project are very F-tilt5ait4mtE& 4A@StF % 101 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station important for future environmental management. These data can reflect whether or not the future changes of environmental quality conform to the expected results and provide scientific evidences for formulating and revising environmental management measures in the future. In addition, these data are also helpful for establishing files and databases for environmental monitoring and for compiling environmental analysis and assessment reports. The specific requirements are as follows: 1) Content of report - original data (including parameters, monitoring points, duration of monitoring, environmental conditions of monitoring), statistical data, environmental quality analysis and assessment and signature. 2) Frequency of report One comprehensive report each quarter and one summary report each year. 3) Reports shall be (1) Sent to - Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, World Bank and Constructor, and (2) Copied to the Environmental Impact Assessment Group for Fuzhou City Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot. 102 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station 12 Main Conclusions of Assessment 12.1 Necessity of construction project Urban public transportation is an important part of urban transportation. Public services are an important factor in measuring the quality of urban residents' life. Although, in recent years public transportation has seen great development, the planning and construction of urban public transportation parking areas, maintenance yards, hubs, and the first and last stops are not systematic. The land space for the first and last stops and stations/stops is also far from enough. All these factors are constraints for further development and improvement of public transportation and seriously affect the normal operation of urban roads. As per the Fuzhou City Public Transportation Rules and the scales of stations/lots requested for transportation areas, the planned parking areas are Jianxin Parking area, Xiushan Parking area, Nanerhuan Parking area, Fuxing Development Zone Parking area, University City Parking area, Xiayuan Parking area, Wenshanli Parking area and Maweikuaian Parking area. The total area planned for parking areas is 275, 000 square meters and can provide maintenance services for 1400 motor vehicles. So, it is decided by CCP Fuzhou Commission and Fuzhou Municipal Government to build Fuzhou City Jinshan Public Transportation Center Parking area to supplement and perfect the public transportation parking areas of the downtown area and the new area and improve the level and quality of public transportation services. 12.2 Assessment on the current status of environmental quality (1) Air The items to be assessed are N02 and PM1O and the standards for assessment are the Ambient Air Quality Standard and its secondary standard in the revision form. The monitoring points are Meiting Village, Panbian Village and Gangtou Village. As per the results of monitoring performed over these three points in the year of 2001, N02 and PM10 do not exceed the indexes and meet the requirements for secondary functional areas. This shows that, currently, the ambient air quality of this region is good. (2) Water The sections to be assessed are the Guokong sections of Beigang, namely Kuiqi and Aofengzhou. As per the division of functional areas for Fuzhou section of Minjiang River, the ambient water quality of Kuiqi and Aofengzhou sections shall be assessed as per the GB3838-2002 Class III water quality standared. Data collected from routine monitoring over Kuiqi and Aofengzhou sections in 2002 shows that these two sections meet the water quality requirements of Class III. So, currently, the water quality of Aofengzhou - Kuiqi section of Beigang, Minjiang is good. (3) Noise There are six points for monitoring the ambient noise quality: 1# in Gaozhai 103 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station Village, 2# in Geyu Village, 3# at the west side of the parking area, 4# at the north side of the parking area and 5# in the middle of the parking area. The noise environment of Gaozhai Village and Geyu Village belong to Class 2 and that of the west and north sides of the parking area belongs to Class 4. From Nov.10-1 1, 2001, these 6 points were monitored for noise during the daytime and nighttime. The north boundary of the parking area is Pushang Road, but, according to the data of monitoring, currently, the traffic volume of Pushang Road is small and the ambient noise quality is good. The surroundings of the project are quiet and the ambient noise quality of the project is good. 12.3 Assessment on the environmental impact during the operation period (1) Air The main sources of air pollution of this project are the exhaust of motor vehicles and the oil-bearing smoke from the dining hall. The oil-bearing smoke prdocued by the dining hall, after secondary treatment, will be guided via the embedded pipe to the chimney at the top of the building, so it have little impact on the surrounding environment. Exhaust from motor vehicles is an area source. The main air pollutants in the exhaust of motor vehicles are NOX, CO and HC. The items affecting forecast analysis are N02, CO and NMHC. Non-methane total hydrocarbon source intensities can be calculated as per the regression equation for CTHC and CNMHC (The Relation between Total Hydrocarbon and Non-methane Hydrocarbon Exhausted by Urban Road Motor Vehicles by Deng Shunxi). The source intensity of N02 is NOX. Because sources of air pollution of this project are intermittently discharged, this project only forecasts the average concentration distribution on the ground in the axial direction in one hour when exhaust of the parking area is at the maximum. In addition, it also forecasts the degree and extent of the impact on ambient air quality. This project is located in a place where the ambient air belongs to Class II of the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) and the secondary standard in the revision form. No provisions are made for the concentration of NMHC in the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) and its revision form. So, assessment is specific to the impact of CO and N02 only. The result of forecast shows that, in peak hours of this project, in exhaust of motor vehicles, within 100m of the impact of N02 the concentration of N02 is 0.005-0.0713mg/m3, which is 0.2%-29.7% of the standard for assessment; within 100m of the impact of CO the concentration of CO is 0.0082-1.1020mg/m3, which is 0.082%-11.02% of the standard for assessment; the maximum impact value of NMHC at 100m around is 0.1 779mg/m3. So, the N02 and CO from motor vehicles in construction of this project has little has little impact on the surroundings within 100m. 1f i479g *P4iSktg#i Rm.igEllt$:W1F i ~~~~~~~104 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station (2) Water The drainage system of Jinshan Maintenance Yard uses a separate system for rainwater and wastewater. The wastewater from main production shops, such as the washing shop, maintenance shop and dining hall will flow to their own oil-isolating pool and, after treatment by the air-floatation system, is discharged into the urban wastewater drainage system outside the parking lot. The wastewater volume is about 357.7m3/d. All the wastewater will be treated at Jinshan Wastewater Treatment Plant and then be discharged into Beigang. The rainwater during the initial period is 88.4m3/d. This part of rainwater will be be treated via oil-isolation and sand-sedimentation to meet the Class III of Integrated wastewater discharge standard, then be directly discharged into the urban wastewater drainage system and be treated at Jinshan Wastewater Treatment Plant. This project will produce little wastewater. Furthermore, the wastewater will be treated at Jinshan Wastewater Treatment Plant before being discharged into Beigang. So this project will have little impact on the water environment. 12.4 Assessment on electromagnetic environmental impact Fujian Provincial Radiative Environment Supervision Station conducted on-site power frequency electromagnetic surveys at 45 points at and around the project. The results show that at Im from the wall of the substation the maximum power frequency magnetic field value is 1.89AT. Under the trolly wire of 220kV, the maximum power frequency electric field intensity is 0.253kV/m, the maximum power frequency electric field magnetic induction intensity is 0.6724T. As per the chapter devoted to electromagnetic environmental impact assessment, Jianxin Substation (220kV) and its trolly wire (220kV) will not intervene with the interphones, GPS or CRT of the Dispatch Center. For the Dispatch Center, Waiting Hall and Workers' Dormitory, the environmental power frequency electromagnetic field intensity is lower than the assessment standard for impact of the power frequency electromagnetic field generated by hi-voltage transmission and transformation projects on the public. The impact of power frequency electromagnetic is zero and the power electromagnetic field intensity is lower than the strict international standard. So, there is little impact on the workers of the parking lot or on the public in the waiting hall. In the yard of this project, under the 220kV trolly wire and on rainy days, people can use umbrella without the fear of electric shock. The preliminary planaer layout of all the buildings, including the gas station, dispatch center, dining hall, waiting hall, etc meet the requirements of Electricity Facilities Protection Rules. Under the I IOkV trolly wire, the path proposed to be moved, if hit by thunder, might endanger the gas station. The scheme using trolly wire shall be approved by the thunder-preventing authorities; otherwise, underground cables rIa.14giit4m t;& 4}ttgg;Atts 105 Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station shall be used. Thunder-preventing drawings and facilities shall be uniformly approved and accepted by the thunder-preventing authorities. 12.5 Risk analysis and emergency scheme The main risks are leakage, fire disaster and explosion. Whichever kind of accidents happens, the consequences might be very serious. So, preventive measures shall be taken above all to prevent accidents from happening. Abide by the basic environmental protection policy of "Prevention Paramount and Safety First". At usual times, all the personnel of the station shall study related technologies, get familiar with the whole production process of the gas station and keep in mind the hazards of accidents, so as to make sure that everything is OK. At the same time, study and practice the emergency scheme so that once an accident happens, it can be handled according to the procedure in time. 12.6 Analysis of countermeasures for pollution mitigation (1) Analysis of countermeasures for water pollution mitigation For this project, wastewater is preliminarily treated at the outlets of pollution sources before entering Jinshan Wastewater Treatment Plant. From above analysis it can be seen that, the wastewater of the maintenance and servicing shops of this project cannot meet the requirements for entering the pipe, but, for the sake of safety, oilUslag-separation and air floatation are used to treat the wastewater from the maintenance yard, gas station, service shop and dining hall to mee the requirements for connecting pipes, and then wastewater enters Jinshan Wastewater Treatment Plant. (2) Analysis of countermeasures for air pollution mitigation Exhaust of motor vehicles is the main source of air pollution of this project. Being an area source of pollution, it is very difficult to be treated effectively. So, it is suggested to strength the greening efforts within the area, reasonably layout the tracks in the parking lot, improve the ventilation system, so as to exhaust can be in time discharged via the ventilation wells in the middle of the parking lot and around. The oil-bearing smoke from the dining hall, after being purified by the electrostatic oil and smoke treatment, is guided to the top of the comprehensive building via the reserved chimney in the building. 12.7 Public participation This assessment involves two times of public participation. The results of public participation are: 1) The majority of the interviewees support the construction of Jinshan Central Bus Parking Lot 2) Interviewees suggest that, while planning and designing this project, the 106In Environmental Impact Statement on Parking Area Construction Project of Fuzhou Jinshan Central Bus Station following shall be taken into consideration: 3 The site shall be such that the number of buildings to be removed shall be minimized so as to avoid inconveniences to the local people. 3 Try to circumvent the tombs of the ancestors of the local people in planning. In designing the parking lot, proper measures shall be taken to reduce the impact of noises and waste gases on the local residents around the project. 3) Interviewees suggest that, while constructing the project, the following shall be taken into consideration: Reasonably arrange the construction site. Concrete agitators shall be placed far from residential buildings. Try to shorten the construction period as much as possible. Slag/earth from the construction shall be properly dispose and shall not be dumped in nearby farm lands or rivers. 4) Interviewees suggest that, when removing and resettling local residents, the following shall be taken into consideration: Removed buildings shall be reasonably compensated. Hope the constructor can directly negotiate with and directly compensate the owners of removed buildings. 3 Suitable economic compensation is suggested to provide for the peasants who have lost the land so that they can keep their current living standards. This is positive for maintaining the social stability. Impact on ancestors' tombs is considered in disigning. The current parking lot design shall back inwards so as not to remove the ancestors' tombs of local residents. Properly settle old-age people to ensure that they can spend their remaining days safely. 12.8 r-:+[ rri i,JAN V, f-4*i I, f&M}lit W$M Bil AA MM 107