E1072 v2
Public Disclosure Authorized Fuzhou World Bank Financed Projects
Nanjiang Binlu, Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT
Public Disclosure Authorized
(Translation Version)
Public Disclosure Authorized
Constructor: Fuzhou Urban Utility Development and Construction Company
Author: Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection
December 2004 Public Disclosure Authorized Constructor: Fuzhou Urban Utility Development and Construction Company Compiler: Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection Legal person: Luo Jiahai Institute’s technical chief: Cui Xia Environment assessment project chief: Xu Guanpu
Outline compilers: Name Title Env. ass. post Responsibilities Signature certificate No. General provisions, project Xu Guanfu Senior engineer No.A28020052 analysis, ecologic environmental impact assessment Current noise environment and Wang Weide Senior engineer No.A28020024 impact, noise treatment measures Alternative plan, profit and loss analysis of environmental Lu Yan Assistant engineer No.A28020058 economy, relocation and resettlement Current water environment and Peng Lin Engineer No.A28020044 impact, risk evaluation, treatment measures of water pollution Current environmental air and impact, treatment measures of Wang Junbo Engineer No.A28020039 atmosphere, cultural property assessment
Reviewer: Professor-level senior Cui Xia No.A28020003 engineer He Liangwan Senior engineer No.A28020025 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Content
1 GENERAL PROVISION...... 8
1.1 ROLE AND MEANING OF BUILDING TWO ROADS AND ONE BRIDGE ...... 8
1.2 ASSESSMENT PURPOSE ...... 9 1.3 BASIS FOR COMPILATION ...... 9 1.4 ASSESSMENT RANGE...... 9 1.5 ASSESSMENT CONTENTS AND KEY POINTS ...... 10 1.6 LAWS AND REGULATIONS ...... 11 1.7 ENVIRONMENT FUNCTIONAL AREAS AND IMPLEMENTATION STANDARD WITHIN THE ASSESSMENT AREA ...... 12 1.7.1 Noise environment functional area...... 12 1.7.2 Air environment functional area...... 12 1.7.3 Water environment functional area and implementation standard ...... 12 1.8 EMISSION STANDARD...... 12
2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ENGINEERING ANALYSIS ...... 14
2.1 STATUS AND ROLE OF THE PHASE-II PROJECT OF THE THIRD RING ROAD AND NANJIANG BINLU IN THE TRAFFIC PLANNING OF FUZHOU...... 14 2.2 ROAD STRIKE AND INTERCHANGES...... 15 2.2.1 Nanjiang Binlu strike and interchanges...... 15 2.2.2 The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road strike and interchanges ...... 15 2.2.3 Kuiqi Bridge strike and interchange ...... 15 2.3 DESIGN STANDARD...... 16 2.4 ROAD CROSS SECTION...... 18 2.4.1 Road cross section of Nanjiang Binlu ...... 18 2.4.2 Road cross section of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road...... 18 2.4.3 Road cross section of Kuiqi Bridge...... 18 2.5 DRAINAGE SYSTEM...... 18 2.5.1 Nanjiang Binlu drainage system ...... 18 2.5.2 Drainage system of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road...... 19 2.6 CONSTRUCTION SCALE AND INVESTMENT ...... 20 2.6.1 Construction scale and investment of Nanjiang Binlu ...... 20 2.6.2 Construction scale and investment of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road...... 20 2.6.3 Construction scale and investment of Kuiqi Bridge ...... 21 2.7 TRAFFIC FORECAST...... 21 2.8 ANALYSIS ON EMISSION OF MAJOR POLLUTANTS ...... 22 2.8.1 Vehicle emission...... 22 2.8.2 Noise...... 24 2.9 CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE...... 25 2.10 LAND OCCUPIED BY CONSTRUCTION SITE, MATERIAL SOURCE AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENT ...... 26
environmentprotect I Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
2.10.1 Land occupied by Nanjiang Binlu, source of sand, stone and earth material as well as environmental protection measures for construction ...... 26 2.10.2 Land occupied by Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road, source of sand, stone and earth material as well as environmental protection measures for construction ...... 26 2.10.3 Land occupied by Kuiqi Bridge, source of sand, stone and earth material as well as environmental protection measures for construction ...... 27
3 OVERVIEW OF NATURAL AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS ALONG THE PROJECT LINE...... 29
3.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT...... 29 3.1.1 Natural geographic overview...... 29 3.1.2 Landforms and Topography ...... 29 3.1.3 Stratigraphic geology...... 30 3.1.4 Climate and meteorology ...... 31 3.1.5 River hydrology...... 32 3.1.6 Underground water...... 33 3.1.7 Soil ...... 33 3.2 FUZHOU’S CURRENT SOCIAL SITUATION AND PLANNING ...... 33 3.2.1 City nature...... 33 3.2.2 Geographic position...... 34 3.2.3 Current economic and social situation of Fuzhou and Nantaidao Island...... 34 3.2.4 City’s natural landscape ...... 35 3.2.5 Current situation of surface water resource development and utilization ...... 36 3.3 DEVELOPMENT PLANNING, TRAFFIC AND ENVIRONMENT PLANNING OF FUZHOU ...... 36 3.3.1 Development objective of Fuzhou ...... 36 3.3.2 Development scale of Fuzhou...... 36 3.3.3 Current city traffic situation and development planning...... 39 3.3.4 Fuzhou environment planning...... 44 3.4 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT...... 47 3.4.1 Number of population and communities ...... 47 3.4.2 Current situation of land resource development and utilization of Nantaidao Island ...... 47 3.4.3 Current situation of surface water development and utilization ...... 48 3.4.4 Current communications situation ...... 48 3.5 GENERAL PLANNING OF NANTAIDAO ISLAND...... 48 3.5.1 Nature of Nantaidao Island...... 48 3.5.2 Development scale of Nantaidao Island...... 49 3.5.3 Overall structure and functional layout ...... 49 3.6 NANTAIDAO ISLAND ENVIRONMENT PLANNING...... 50 3.6.1 General objective of environmental protection...... 50 3.6.2 Classification of environmental functional area ...... 51 3.7 SENSITIVE POINTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ...... 52 3.7.1 Sensitive point distribution of Nanjiang Binlu Project...... 52 3.7.2 Environmental protection sensitive points along phase-II project of the third ring road ...... 54 3.7.3 Environmental protection sensitive points along Kuiqi Bridge Project ...... 55
environmentprotect II Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
4 ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES...... 56
4.1 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT...... 56 4.1.1 Current situation of plants along the ling area ...... 56 4.1.2 Current situation of forest resources...... 56 4.1.3 Current situation in greenery construction ...... 57 4.1.4 Survey and assessment of ecological status along the road will be built ...... 57 4.2 CURRENT STATUS OF AQUATIC ECOLOGY AT THE KUIQI RIVER REACHES ...... 59 4.3 STATUS OF MINJIANG RIVER ESTUARINE WETLANDS...... 59 4.3.1 Distribution and Types of Minjiang River Estuarine Wetlands...... 59 4.3.2 Current Status of Utilization of Minjiang River Estuarine Region...... 60 4.4 MAJOR ANIMAL SPECIES IN THE WETLANDS OF THE MINJIANG RIVER ESTUARY ...... 61 4.4.1 Bird Species ...... 61 4.4.2 Wetland Plant Species ...... 66 4.4.3 Wetland Aquatic Life ...... 68 4.5 PRINCIPLE AND PLANNING OF WETLAND PROTECTION ...... 71 4.5.1 Guiding ideology of wetland protection ...... 72 4.5.2 Basic principle of wetland protection...... 72 4.5.3 Planning objective of the wetland protection ...... 72 4.5.4 General layout of the wetland protection planning ...... 73 4.5.5 Protection plan of Puxiazhou (including Xindangzhou) wetland ...... 74 4.6 IMPACT ON ECOLOGIC ENVIRONMENT AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES ...... 74 4.6.1 Impact land ecologic environment and protective measures...... 74 4.6.2 Impact on water ecologic environment and protective measures...... 75 4.6.3 Impact on wetland ecologic environment and protective measures ...... 76 4.6.4 Construction impact on ecologic landscape and preventive measures ...... 76 4.6.5 Measures to protect ecology and prevent water and soil loss ...... 77
5 CURRENT STATUS OF NOISE ENVIRONMENT STATUS, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES...... 78
5.1 MONITOR AND EVALUATION ON CURRENT NOISE STATUS ...... 78 5.1.1 Monitoring method and sampling locations ...... 78 5.1.2 Monitoring time ...... 78 5.1.3 Standard for current noise environment assessment ...... 78 5.1.4 Monitored result of current noise environment and assessment...... 79 5.2 ANALYSIS OF NOISE IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION PERIOD AND MITIGATION MEASURES...... 80 5.2.1 Range and standard of assessment...... 80 5.2.2 Investigation on noise intensity of construction equipment ...... 81 5.2.3 Forecasting result of noise ...... 82 5.2.4 Assessment of noise during construction period...... 84 5.3 ASSESSMENT OF TRAFFIC NOISE IMPACT IN OPERATING PERIOD ...... 84 5.3.1 Forecasting method of traffic noise...... 84 5.3.2 Forecasting mode of traffic noise ...... 84 5.3.3 Confirmation of each parameter in forecasting mode...... 85
environmentprotect III Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
6 AMBIENT AIR STATUS, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 88
6.1.1 Sampling locations ...... 88 6.1.2 Items and Time for Monitoring...... 88 6.1.3 Standards of Assessment...... 88 6.1.4 Result and Assessment of Ambient air Monitoring...... 89 6.3 AMBIENT AIR IMPACT ASSESSMENT DURING OPERATION...... 92 6.3.1 Assessment Factors...... 92 6.3.2 The Characteristics of Weather in case of pollution ...... 93 6.3.3 Forecasting mode ...... 100 6.3.4 Forecast of Impact of Emission of Motor Vehicles on Both Sides of Roads...... 101 6.3.5 Impact on Sensitive points ...... 112 6.3.6 Conclusion...... 118 6.4 Mitigation measures against Pollution of Ambient air...... 118 6.4.2 Mitigation measures against Pollution of Emission of Motor Vehicles during Operation...... 119 6.4.3 Plan and Measures for Control of Pollution of Emission of Motor Vehicles in Fuzhou ...... 121
7 CURRENT WATER ENVIRONMENT STATUS, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 125
7.1 ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT WATER ENVIRONMENT ...... 125 7.1.1 Monitoring sections, Items and Analysis Methods ...... 125 7.1.2 Assessment Standards...... 126 7.1.3 Water Quality Monitoring Results and Assessment...... 126 7.2 ANALYSIS OF IMPACT ON WATER ENVIRONMENT DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD ...... 128 7.2.1 Wastewater from Construction of Kuiqi Bridge and the Impact...... 128 7.2.2 Impact on Water Environment by Construction of Piers of Kuiqi Bridge ...... 131 7.2.3 Analysis of water environment of inland rivers during the construction period ...... 132 7.3 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT ON WATER ENVIRONMENT DURING OPERATION PERIOD ...... 133 7.3.1 Scope of assessment...... 133 7.3.2 Standard for Assessment...... 133 7.3.3 Content of Assessment and Forecast of Pollution Discharge Volume...... 133 7.3.4 Assessment Factors...... 134 7.3.5 Mode of Forecast...... 135 7.3.6 Hydrological characteristics ...... 135 7.3.7 Results of forecast and assessment...... 135 7.4 ASSESSMENT OF RISK OF ACCIDENTS ON THE BRIDGE DURING THE OPERATION PERIOD...... 138 7.4.1 Subsequences or hazards affecting the water quality of the river in cases of traffic accidents .138 7.5 MEASURES FOR WATER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL ...... 142 7.5.1 Measures for water pollution control during the construction period ...... 142 7.5.2 Prevention and treatment of water pollution during the operation period...... 144
8 STATUS, ASSESSMENT AND PROTECTION MEASURES FOR CULTURAL PROPERTY ALONG THE ROUTE ...... 145
8.1 CULTURAL PROPERTY ...... 145 8.2 Impact on Historical Relics and Cultural property ...... 146
environmentprotect IV Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
8.3 IMPACT OF NANJIANG BINLU ON FANCHUANPU CATHOLIC CHURCH AND PROTECTION MEASURES ....147 8.3.1 Impact of noise and protection measures ...... 147 8.3.2 Impact of vibration and protection measures ...... 147 8.3.3 Impact on environmental air and protection measures ...... 147 8.3.4 Comparison and selection of routes of Nanjiang Binlu passing the church...... 147 8.3.5 Impact on landscapes and restoration and protection measures ...... 147 8.4 SUMMARY...... 147
9 ALTERNATIVE PROPOSAL AND ITS IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT ...... 148
9.1 ROUTE COMPARISON AND SELECTION FOR SOUTH JIANGBIN ROAD ...... 148 9.1.1 Comparison and selection of route design ...... 148 9.1.2 Comparison of Environment-sensitive Points...... 148 9.1.3 Comparison of the two proposals...... 149 9.2 ROUTE COMPARISON AND SELECTION FOR THE 3RD RING ROAD (PHASE II) ...... 149 9.2.1 Comparison of technical indexes of the route...... 149 9.2.2 Comparison of Environment-sensitive Points...... 149 9.3 PROPOSAL COMPARISON AND SELECTION FOR LOCATION OF KUIQI BRIDGE...... 150 9.3.1 Selection of Bridge Position Proposals ...... 150 9.3.2 Comparison and selection of design proposals ...... 151
10 RELOCATION AND ITS IMPACT ON RESIDENTS’ LIFE ...... 152
10.1 POLICIES AND STATUTES ABOUT IMMIGRANTS’ REMOVAL AND RESETTLEMENT ...... 152 10.2 ESTIMATED COST OF RESETTLEMENT AND LAND ACQUISITION FOR NANJIANG BINLU ...... 152 10.2.1 Resettlement and living changes before and after resettlement...... 153 10.2.2 Resettlement of affected commercial enterprises...... 156 10.2.3 Resettlement of affected industrial enterprises...... 157 10.2.4 Resettlement of affected non-profit units ...... 158 10.2.5 Resettlement of affected protected units of cultural relics...... 158 10.2.6 Resettlement of affected infrastructures ...... 159 10.3 ESTIMATES OF COMPENSATION OF LAND ACQUISITION, REMOVAL AND RESETTLEMENT OF THE PHASE- II PROJECT OF THE THIRD RING ROAD...... 159 10.4 ESTIMATES OF COMPENSATION OF LAND ACQUISITION, REMOVAL AND RESETTLEMENT OF KUIQI BRIDGE ...... 160
11 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ...... 161
11.1 PURPOSE AND MEANING OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ...... 161 11.2 INVESTIGATION METHOD AND CONTENT ...... 161 11.3 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ON NANJIANG BINLU ...... 162 11.3.1 First public participation survey ...... 162 11.3.2 Second public participation survey ...... 163
(2) ISSUES WORRIED BY THE INTERVIEWEES ...... 165
11.3.3 Brief summary on public participation opinions ...... 165 11.4 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SURVEY ON THE PHASE-II PROJECT OF THE THIRD RING ROAD PROJECT....166 11.4.1 First public participation survey ...... 166
environmentprotect V Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
11.4.2 Second public participation survey ...... 169 11.4.3 Brief summary on public participation opinions ...... 171 11.5 FIRST PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SURVEY ON THE KUIQI BRIDGE PROJECT...... 171 11.5.1 First public participation survey ...... 171 11.5.2 Second public participation survey ...... 174 11.5.3 Brief summary on public participation opinions ...... 175 11.6 SUMMARY OF PUBLIC OPINIONS ...... 177
12 ECONOMIC EVALUATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC GAINS AND LOSSES ANALYSIS ...... 179
12.1 NATIONAL ECONOMY ASSESSMENT AND ECONOMIC GAINS AND LOSSES ANALYSIS OF NANJIANG BINLU ...... 179 12.1.1 National Economy Assessment ...... 179 12.1.2 Environmental economic Gains and Losses Analysis...... 180 12.1.3 A Brief Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Nanjiang Binlu183 12.2 NATIONAL ECONOMY ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC GAINS AND LOSSES ANALYSIS OF THE PHASE-II PROJECT OF THE THIRD RING ROAD ...... 183 12.2.1 National Economy Assessment ...... 183 12.2.2 Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road ...... 184 12.2.3 A Brief Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road...... 187 12.2 NATIONAL ECONOMY ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC GAINS AND LOSSES ANALYSIS OF KUIQI BRIDGE...... 187 12.3.1 National Economy Assessment ...... 187 12.3.2 Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge ...... 189 12.3.3 A Brief Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge...191 12.4 CONCLUSION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC LOSSES AND GAINS ANALYSIS ...... 192
13 PLANS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING ...... 193
13.1 SETUP, PERSONNEL, ARRANGEMENT AND TRAINING OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT ...... 193 13.1.1 Arrangement of fulltime environment protection management personnel in the management department of Two Roads & One Bridge ...... 193 13.1.2 Function of environmental protection of the management department ...... 193 13.1.3 Environmental Management...... 194 13.1.4 Plans for training...... 195 13.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLANS...... 196 13.2.1 Sampling locations for monitoring ...... 196 13.2.2 Monitoring objects, sampling frequency and time...... 197 13.2.3 Responsibilities of monitoring department and management of monitoring data...... 198
14 ASSESSMENT CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS ...... 199
14.1 ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE TWO ROADS AND ONE BRIDGE...... 199
environmentprotect VI Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
14.2 ASSESSMENT AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES OF ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 200 14.2.1 Ecological Environment ...... 200 14.2.2 Impact and protective measures on ecological environment...... 201 14.2.3 Measures of protecting zoology and preventing soil and water loss ...... 202 14.3 CURRENT STATUS OF NOISE ENVIRONMENT, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 203 14.3.1 Current status assessment of noise environment ...... 203 14.3.2 Noise impact analysis and mitigation measures during construction period...... 203 14.3.3 Noise impact analysis and mitigation measures during operation period ...... 203 14.4 CURRENT STATUS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 203 14.4.1 Current status assessment of ambient air quality...... 203 14.4.2 Impact of ambient air during construction period and mitigation measures ...... 203 14.4.3 Impact of ambient air during operation period and mitigation measures...... 204 14.5 CURRENT STATUS OF WATER ENVIRONMENT, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ....207 14.5.1 Current status of water environment ...... 207 14.5.2 Impact on the water environment during construction period and mitigation measure...... 208 14.5.3 Impact upon the water environment during the operation period and the mitigation measures ...... 209 14.6 IMPACT UPON THE CULTURAL PROPERTY AND THE PROTECTION MEASURES ...... 209 14.6.1 Analysis on impact upon the cultural property by the “Two Roads & One Bridge” project ..209 14.7 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ...... 210 14.8 GENERAL CONCLUSION...... 210
environmentprotect VII Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
General Provision Role and Meaning of Building Two Roads and One Bridge
With the fast development of the national economy of Fuzhou in recent years, traffic volume has increased greatly. It is estimated that the total automobile number of the city will be over 100,000 in 2005. The automobile number increases very fast, especially a large number of transit automobiles are driving on the limited urban roads. But urban road network construction relatively lags behind, thus leading an imbalance between the traffic supply and demand. The existing urban road network is hardly to bear such huge traffic pressure, so it is necessary to open other passages for transit automobiles
Since urban trunk roads have an overload operation, there are urban traffic jams all the time. It has become an important factor to restrict further development of the economy. Construction of Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge (hereinafter referred to as the two roads and one bridge in this report) would relieve the traffic pressure at the central urban area, which is a need for city’s economic development and fast transport development.
Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu Project is located at the inner side of the flood dyke on the south bank of Beigang of the Minjiang River, Fuzhou. It is a part of the north ring road of the proposed island ring road on Nantaidao Island. It starts from Cangqianlu of the south interchange of the Minjiang Bridge, Sanxianzhou, passes through Jiefang Bridge, the second Minjiang Bridge, the third Minjiang Bridge and the proposed Qianheng Bridge. Nanjiang Binlu is the north ring road of Nantaidao Island road, a trunk road to connect the old Cangshan urban area with new Chengmen area and an important integral part of Nantaidao Island ring road. Its function is to form a bank road combining entertainment, landscape and transport.
The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road is positioned at the south part of the island. It starts from Wanbian in the west and ends at the south bridgehead of the proposed Minjiang Kuiqi Bridge. The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road passes through Nantaidao Island from the southwest to the northeast, which is an expressway to connect the urban area with the University City, Jinshan (Jianxin) and Gaishan area. The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road is positioned at the south ring part of the Third Ring Road, which would play a key role in the development and construction of Nantaidao Island.
Kuiqi Bridge is a key engineering for the east section of the proposed Third Ring Road to cross The Minjiang River, construction of a new bridge across the Minjiang River will greatly shorten the distance from north to south, that will become convenient and fast. Meanwhile, the project will connect with the airport highway, which shall not only shorten the distance between the central urban area and Changle International Airport and area along the airport expressway, but also add exit to Fuzhou in its east part. The construction of this project will not only perfect the third ring expressway, but also greatly promote the road network construction along the third ring line and perfect Fuzhou’s urban road network structure.
The construction of Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge will be conducive to land development and construction of the new area, and to the development of the traffic and the city. It will play an important role in promoting the development and construction of
environmentprotect 8 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Cangshan District and Nantaidao Island, improving the investment environment, promoting the city’s economic development and exertion of a provincial central city. Therefore, the construction of the two roads and one bridge conforms to the need to implement the strategy of “expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west”. The construction of the new area will not only exploit the city scale, but also promote the land development, improve the land utilization rate along the line, promote the redevelopment of the old urban area. It will play an important role in relieving urban land tenure and transport pressure, and scattering dense population. After the construction of the two roads and one bridge is completed, the cit size will be expanded, and Fuzhou will step into a new economic development phase.
Assessment Purpose The assessment purpose of the environmental impact is to guarantee the rationality and correctness of the decision-making of the project on environment, and to ensure that any environmental results shall be confirmed before the construction of the project, so as to take environmental impact into consideration in project selection. Environment assessment puts forward the preventive measures for adverse environmental impact so as to minimize the impact on environment and avoid taking corrective measures for various possible damages occurred after completion of project construction.
Basis for Compilation
(1) Assessment Law of the People’s Republic of China on Environmental Impact (effective on September 1, 2003); (2) N0.253 document Environmental Protection Management Regulations of the Construction Project promulgated by the State Council in 1998; (3) (3) Notice on Strengthening the Environmental Impact Assessment Management of the Project Loaned by the International Financial Intuitions , Huanjian (1993) No.324; (4) The Business Manual of the World Bank - Environment Assessment (OP4.01); (5) The Business Manual of the World Bank – Natural Ecologic Environmental Protection (OP4.04); (6) The Business Manual of the World Bank – Cultural Relic Protection of the Project Financed by The World Bank (OP4.11); (7) Proposal of the Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu Project (including the pre-feasibility study report) (8) Proposal of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road of Fuzhou (including the pre-feasibility study report) ; (9) Proposal of the Fuzhou Kuiqi Bridge Project (including the pre-feasibility study report) ; (10) “Pre-assessment Site Investigation of the Fuzhou City Traffic Project Loaned by the World Bank” (consultation comments given by the specialist group); (11) Fuzhou Urban and Rural Planning Bureau, Rongguizong [2002] No.237 Reply on Coordination and Settlement of the Issues of the Three Projects Loaned by the World Bank ; (12) Outline of the environmental impact assessment. In accordance with the requirements of the State Bureau of Environmental Protection and the World Bank, an assessment outline of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road, Nanjiang Binlu and Kuiqi Bridge was drawn up before environmental impact assessment. The outline was approved by the State Bureau of Environmental Protection after being expounded by the specialists organized by the State Bureau and as well as reviewed and confirmed by the specialists of the World Bank.
Assessment Range
According to the results derived from road monitoring, domestic and foreign data of environmental impact resulted from the roads and bridges, after the road is open to traffic, vehicle emission impact is
environmentprotect 9 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City usually within a range of 200~300m on each side of the road, but mainly within a range of 200m. In accordance with stipulations on environmental assessment range of a highway construction project as set in Standard for Environmental Impact Assessment of a Construction Project (JTJ005-96), the environmental impact of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road, Nanjiang Binlu Project and Kuiqi Bridge Project (two roads and one bridge) is shown in Table 1.4-1.
Table 1.4-1 The environmental impact assessment range of the two roads and one bridge No. Ass. factor Assessment range Social Residential, cultural, educational, social facilities, cultural property and 1 environment tourist spots within 200m along the central line of the road. 500m each on upstream and downstream of a bridge across the Kuiqi Water section of the Minjiang River, analyze the water with water quality 2 environment materials obtained through monitoring at the Kuiqi State water quality section of the Minjiang River. Air Atmosphere monitoring at residential and sensitive points within 200m 3 environment on each side of the road Noise monitoring at existing buildings within 100m on each side of the Noise 4 road and residential points within 200m on each side of the suburb environment automotive road. Land ecologic study on vegetation and farm crops within 200m on each Ecologic 5 side of the automotive road; investigate water ecology of the Minjiang environment section and the river near the road. Landscape Investigation on forest, farm landscape and geologic landscape 200m on 6 environment each side of the automotive road. Assessment on society, atmosphere, noise, ecology and landscape basically 500m on each side of the automotive road; analyze the water 7 Summary with water quality materials obtained through monitoring at the Kuiqi State water quality section of the Minjiang River.
Assessment Contents and Key Points
(1) Assessment Contents
Project engineering analysis: including line direction and selection, sensitive points along the line, analysis of environmental impact of the vehicle, and measures for environmental prevention and treatment;
Impact of noise and vehicle emission on environment, vibration impact of individual section on environment;
Impact of urban road on landscape and ecologic environment;
Impact of noise, waste gas and floating dust produced during construction on environment;
Public opinions on construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road, Nanjiang Binlu and Kuiqi Bridge, impact of relocation and resettlement on environment;
Analysis of the alternative plan: make comparisons among several plans for environmental protection measures of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road, Nanjiang Binlu and Kuiqi Bridge; analyze
environmentprotect 10 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City impact of treatment plan and line selection on environment, choose a plan to minimize the environmental impact.
(2) Key points for assessment
On the basis of project features and vehicle noise impact on sensitive points along the road, impact of road construction on ecology (mainly wetland) and cultural property shall be the key points for assessment.
Laws and Regulations (1) Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (December, 1989); (2) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Noise Pollution (October, 1996); (3) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Atmosphere Pollution (Revised in April, 2000); (4) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution (Revised in May, 1996); (5) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Soil and Water Conservation (June 29, 1991) (6) Regulations of the People’s Republic of China for Implementation of the Soil and Water Conservation Law (August 1, 1993); (7) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Land Management (January 1, 1999); (8) Regulations of the People’s Republic of China for Implementation of the Land Management Law (On December 27, 1998); (9) Interim Regulations of Motorcycle Discard , effective as of October 1, 2002; (10) Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Environmental Pollution of the Solid Waste (October, 1995); (11) “Circular on Publication of List of Environmental Protection and Management of the Construction Project (the first batch), ( [2001] No.17 document issued by the State Bureau of Environmental Protection)”; (12) Cultural property Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (effective as of October 28, 2002) (13) Environmental Protection Regulation of Fujian Province , 2002; (14) Fuzhou’s General Planning (1995~2010); (15) Environment Protection Regulation of Fuzhou , 2002; (16) Fuzhou’s City Environment Planning (September, 2001); (17) Nantaidao Island’s Environment Planning of Fuzhou (September, 2000); (18) City Horticulture and Forestation Management of Fuzhou (2001); (19) Measuring Method of Environmental noise at Urban Area (GB/T14623 93) ; (20) The standard of the environmental protection sector - Technical Guidance for Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.1 2.3 93) of the People’s Republic of China; (21) The standard of the environmental protection sector - Technical Guidance Noise Environment (HJ/T2.4 1995) for Environmental Impact Assessment of the People’s Republic of China; (22) Technical Guidance (non-pollution ecologic impact) for Environmental Impact (HJ/T19— 1997) ; (23) Assessment Standard of Environmental Impact of the Highway Construction Project (JTJ005-96) .
environmentprotect 11 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
1.7 Environment functional areas and implementation standard within the assessment area
1.7.1 Noise environment functional area
In accordance with relevant specifications as stated in the Fuzhou City Environment Planning , the functional area within the project noise environment assessment range is mainly divided into two categories. Category-B area standard as set in the GB3096-93 shall apply to the noise environment quality. Refer to Table 1.7-1 for environmental noise standard values at those functional areas.
Table 1.7-1 Assessment standard for noise environment quality Unit: dB(A) Road Type Day Night Remark Category-B area standard applies to most of 2 60 50 the road sections Nanjiang Binlu Category-D area standard applies to 4 70 55 Cangqianlu (1.1km) between Sanxiangzhou Bridge and Jiefang Bridge Phase-II of the Category-B area standard applies 2 60 50 Third Ring Road Kuiqi Bridge 2 60 50 Category-B area standard applies
1.7.2 Air environment functional area
In accordance with relevant specifications as stated in the Fuzhou City Environment Planning , the Category-B standard as set in the Environment Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) (Revised edition) shall apply to all sections within the environmental air assessment area of Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge. Refer to Table 1.7-2 for concrete standard values.
Table 1.7-2 Environment air quality standard values unite: mg/m3 Monitoring Value-taken Limited Standard factor time concentrate value CO 1h 10.00 Environment Air Quality Standard NO 1h 0.24 2 (GB3095-1996) Category-B standard PM10 24h 0.15
1.7.3 Water environment functional area and implementation standard
In accordance with Fuzhou City Environment Planning , the Category-C standard as set in the Surface Water Environment Quality Standard (GB3838-2002) shall apply to Beigang river section along Nanjiang Binlu, river section where Kuiqi Bridge crosses and Nangang river section close to the Phase-II of the Third Ring Road.
1.8 Emission Standard
(1) Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Light-duty Vehicle ( ) (GB18352.1-2001);
environmentprotect 12 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
(2) Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Light-duty Vehicle ( ) (GB18352.2-2001); (3) Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Automotive Compression Ignition Engine (GB17691-2001) the second time period; (4) Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Automotive Ignition Engine and Vehicle Fitted with Ignition Engine (GB14762-2002); (5) Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method (idling method) of the Motorcycle and Trail bike (GB14621-2002); (6) Limited Noise Value of the Motorcycle and Trail bike (GB16169-1996); (7) Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method (working method) of the Motorcycle (GB14622-2002); (8) Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method (working method) of the Trail bike (GB18176-2002); (9) Limited Noise Value of the Construction Site Boundary (GB12523-96) ; (10) Standard Limited Noise Value of the Construction Site Boundary (GB12523-96) limited noise value at various construction phases; (11) Sewage Comprehensive Drainage Standard (GB8978—96) Class-II standard.
environmentprotect 13 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Project Description and Engineering Analysis
Status and Role of the Phase-II Project Of the Third Ring Road and Nanjiang Binlu in the Traffic Planning of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu is situated on the south bank of Beigang of The Minjiang River, Fuzhou. The Phase-II of the Third Ring Road crosses Nantaidao Island from southwest to northeast. Kuiqi Bridge is the key project of the proposed east section of the Third Ring Road crossing Minjiang River. The strike and location of the two roads and one bridge are shown in Fig. 2.1-1.
Nanjiang Binlu Project is situated inside the flood bulkhead line on the south bank of Beigang of the Minjiang River and is the North Ring of the proposed Nantaidao Island Ring Road. It starts from Cangqianlu of the south interchange of Sanxianzhou Minjiang Bridge, crosses Jiefang Bridge, No.2 Minjiang Bridge, N0.3 Minjiang Bridge, proposed Qianheng Bridge, ends at Qiannanlu. Nanjiang Binlu is the North Ring Road of Nantaidao Island Road, and is a road along the river with integrated leisure, sightseeing and traffic. Thus its construction will not only perfect the road network of Nantaidao Island, but also enhance the density of the sub-trunk road network of Fuzhou urban area as well as meet the needs of the residents in circumferential areas.
The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road crosses Nantaidao Island from southwest to northeast, is the turbo channel connecting University Town, Jinshan (Jianxin), Gaishan zones in urban area. The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road starts from the north end of the proposed Wanbian Bridge, runs along south side of Yixu Airport, crosses Fuxialu, Fuqian Expressway, and ends at the south end of the proposed Minjiang Kuiqi Bridge. Construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road will be helpful to development and construction of land in new areas and to promotion of transportation guiding city development, as well as will have enormous significance in promoting development and construction in Cangshan area and even the whole Nantaidao Island, improving investment environment, promote development of urban economy, and exerting the role of Fuzhou as the provincial capital city. Therefore, the construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road will meet the need for implementation of the strategy “expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west”.
For construction of Kuiqi Bridge, a new bridge crossing the Minjiang River downstream has completed, which reduces greatly the distance of south to north and makes the traffic more shortcut and speedy. At the same time, combined with the airport highway, the project not only reduces the distance from Changle Airport to the area along the expressway to the city center, but also gives an additional outlet to eastern part of Fuzhou city. According to traffic plan to perfect the city center road network, Kuiqi Bridge is the key project of the proposed east section of the Third Ring Road crossing Minjiang River. Construction of the project will not only perfect the Third Ring Road, but also effectively promote the construction of the road network along the Third Ring Road and perfect the road network structure of Fuzhou city. Based on the project, Gushan zone may reconstruct its road network and streamline the internal roads. At the same time, the project radiates to the whole Nantaidao Island and connects the road network of Nantaidao Island and those of Gutai, Gushan and Mawei as a whole. Therefore the proposed project is an urgent need for perfecting the road network of the urban area.
environmentprotect 14 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Road strike and interchanges Nanjiang Binlu strike and interchanges
The Nanjiang Binlu project starts from Cangqianxilu, runs along the north bank line of Nantaidao Island to level-cross Jiefang Bridge, and crosses b Minjiang Bridge and Aofengzhou Bridge, and ends at Qianhengnanlu. The total length is 5.23km and the proposed width is 40m.
Along the whole Nanjiang Binlu, the Cangqian Trestle of 160m wide will be built wit the method of prestressed beam bridge and two 20m medium bridges with the method of prestressed simple- supported beam bridge.
The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road strike and interchanges
The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road starts from the north end of the proposed Wanbian Bridge and ends at Nanjiangbin Xiuxianlu, i.e. the south end of the proposed Minjiang Kuiqi Bridge. The total length of the road is 12.474km and the road width is 79m and 50m respectively.
The road starts from the north end of the proposed Wanbian Bridge, runs through Shangqi Village, Sanbianzhou, Difengjiang River, Menqianzhou New Village, Pukou Village, Qianyuan Village, Aoshan Village, north side of Fujian College of Information and Technology, Duyuan Village, and joins Fuxialu between Sanfeng Shoes Company and Futeng Industrial Zone. The width of the road section is 79m. After crossing the intersection of Fuxialu, the Third Ring Road runs from west to east, and along the east end of the proposed the Third Ring Road-Fuxialu interchange to Chengmengshan, Fuqian Expressway, and to south end of the proposed Kuiqi Bridge, and than to the intersection with Fuqian Expressway. A three-layered interchange will be built there. The width of the road section is 50m.
Along the whole line of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road, 2 interchanges and 2 grade separations will be built, among which will be a cloverleaf type interchange at the starting point and the north end of Wanbian Bridge, at Nantaidao Island Dilu and that at Fuxialu intersection will be grade separations. There will be a large bridge with a length of 420m and 8 medium and small bridges with a total length of 316m along the road.
Kuiqi Bridge strike and interchange
The south end of Kuiqi Bridge is situated at south side of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village, connects with the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road (corresponding to the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Pile No. K11+610), and runs north along the proposed the Third Ring Road and crosses the Minjiang River. The north end of Kuiqi Bridge on the north bank of the Minjiang River connects the Beijiang Binlu interchange, which is the end of the bridge.
The total length of the main bridge and approaches will be 1.11km, among which the main bridge is 360m and the approaches on two sides are 750m. On the north bank will be a combined interchange for Beijiang Binlu and airport highway. The length of the bridge for pedestrians and bicycles will be 200m. The deck width of Kuiqi Bridge in this project will be 36.0m. The bridge area will be 41200 square meters. The combined interchange and ramp on the north bank will be 8.5m wide, with an area
environmentprotect 15 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
of 22901 square meters. The bridge for pedestrians and bicycles will be 5m wide, with an area of 1000 square meters.
Design standard
Major technical standard The Phase-II Project of No. Item Nanjiang Binlu Kuiqi Bridge the Third Ring Road Total line length m 52300 12474 1110 wherein main 1 bridge 360 long Road category City Grade I sub- City expressway City expressway 2 trunk Rd. 3 Designed traffic capacity 780-875pcu/h 1500times/day Designed traveling speed 40-50 80 80 4 Km/h 5 Lane width m 3.75 3.5 3.75 3.5 Number of lanes Bidirectional 4 Bidirectional 6 lanes Short-term Design based 6 lanes on 6 lanes. 8 lanes reserved for long-term plan. Interchange net 5.0 5.0 for motorized vehicle height m lane, 2.5 for nonmotorized 7 vehicle lane and pedestrian way 8 Bridge deck width m 69.5 36 0 Median dividing strip Min. width 2.00 9 width m 10 Marginal strip width m 0.5 Standard axle load in 100 100 11 pavement design KN Max. longitudinal slope % 2.5 for recommendation 4 limit 12 nonmotorized 6 vehicle Max. superelevation slope 6 13 % Min. radius of circular 300 400 1000 14 curve without super elevation m Min. radius of circular 500 700 2000 15 curve without transition curve (m) Min. radius of circular 250 16 curve with super elevation m Min. length of transition 70 17 curve m Min. length of horizontal 140 18 curve m Min. length of circular 70 19 curve m Min. radius of convex General 600 limit General 4500 limit 20 vertical curve m 1350 3000 Min. radius of concave General 700 limit 21 vertical curve m 1050
environmentprotect 16 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Min. length of vertical 70 22 curve m Min. length of 110 290 23 longitudinal slope m Min. linear length between 480 24 adjacent curves in same direction m Min. linear length between 160 25 adjacent reverse curves m Min. net distance between 1000 26 interchanges (m) Min. length of horizontal 1000/ 27 curve with small turning 7° m Designed carload for City Grade B City Grade A City Grade A 28 bridge and culvert Anti-seismic standard seismic peak Basic intensity 7, seismic Based on Evaluation 29 acceleration 0.1 peak acceleration 0.1 Report on Seismic Safety in Project Site Designed flood frequency Every one hundred Every one hundred years Every three hundred years 30 years Navigation channel grade II (for seacrafts less than 1000 tons); Designed return period of 31 Navigation standard flood of the highest navigable stage: 20 years; Net width of single hole bidirectional navigation: 15 to 17m. Calculated traveling speed Intersected with in ramp (km/h) speedway: 50-40 Intersected with arterial 32 road for communication: 45-35 Intersected with arterial road:40-30 Width of ramp for 7 33 unidirectional travel m Width of ramp 8.5 34 bridge m Transition length of 60 35 parallel speed change lane m Control based on Transition section of direct external rim slope, pull 36 speed change lane out: 1/15 to 1/120 pull in: 1/30 Along traveling Min. distance of ramp direction, going out and 37 intersection m coming in: 55; Others:110 Min. length 85 to 65 Min. length of ramp 38 for ramp speed of 50 to circular curve m 40; 65 for speed of 40 to
environmentprotect 17 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
30. Ramp length 70 to 85 for length of deceleration ramp speed of 50 to 40; 39 lane m 85 to 95 for speed of 40 to 30. Ramp length 180 to 210 length of acceleration for ramp speed of 50 to 40 lane m 40; 210 to 230 for speed of 40 to 30.
Road cross section Road cross section of Nanjiang Binlu
The proposed Nanjiang Binlu of 40m wide is arranged as follows: 3m (pedestrian way) +1.5m (tree hole) +3.5m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +3.5m +3.5m (side separator) +17m (bidirectional 4 lanes) +3.5m (side separator) +3.5m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +1.5m (tree hole) 3m (pedestrian way) = 40m (total width), see Fig. 2.4-1.
Road cross section of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road
1) The road section from starting point to Fuxialu -- in form of 4 roadways with a road width of 79m. According to Urban Road Design Specification and road section traffic predicted, the cross section is proposed as: 8m (pedestrian way + nonmotorized vehicle lane) + 0.5m (separator) +8.5m (auxiliary lane) +5.25m (dividing strip) +15.75m (fast lane) +3m (median dividing strip) +15.75m (fast lane) +5.25m (dividing strip) +8.5m (auxiliary lane) + 0.5m (separator) + 8m (pedestrian way + nonmotorized vehicle lane).
2) The road section from Fuxialu to the terminal - in form of 4 roadways with a road width of 79m. According to Urban Road Design Specifications and predicted road section traffic, the cross section is proposed as: 3m (pedestrian way) +1.5m (tree hole) +3.5m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +8.5m (auxiliary road) +16m (interchanges to be built with a road surface width of 33.5m) +8.5m (auxiliary road) +3.5m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +1.5m (tree hole) +3m (pedestrian way), see Fig. 2.4-2.
Road cross section of Kuiqi Bridge
The bridge deck width will be 36m. Cross section: 2m (pedestrian way) +1m (movable separators and marginal strip) +3m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +11.25m (3 lanes) +1.5m (anti-collision guardrail) +11.25m (3 lanes) +3m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +1m (movable separators and marginal strip) +2m (pedestrian way), see Fig. 2.5-3.
Drainage system Nanjiang Binlu drainage system
One side of the road is close to or near the Minjiang River. The road starts from Sanxianzhou Bridge and ends at 200m south to the Third Ring Road, between which along the line are Jiefang Bridge, Minjiang Bridge, Aofeng Bridge, Xindangzhou, Puxiazhou and villages such as Shaoqi Village. The
environmentprotect 18 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City watercourses available along the line are Gangtou River, Longjin River branch, Yuejin River, Pandun River, Linpu River. The road will be built mostly by earth fill. Design elevation of the pavement is basically higher than blocks and villages along the road. Most of road drainage system can only be used to drain rainwater from the road. The road section from Sanxianzhou Bridge to Jiefang Bridge will make use of the existing road and part of the section will be transformed, and the existing drainage system will also be utilized to drain water as far as possible. The road drainage system from Jiefang Bridge to Gangtou River and from Linpu River to the design road end shall be used to drain rainwater and sewage from the pavement and from along the road.
The road drainage will adopt rainwater/sewage separation system. The Fuzhou rainfall formula is adopted in rainwater design with a design recurrence interval of 1 year. The standard of sewage amount will be assumed as 100t/ha•d and the rainwater pipe will designed based on full flow and the sewage pipe will be designed based on non-full flow. The minimum diameter of main rainwater pipe is D500 and the maximum D2000. The diameter of main sewage pipe is D400.
Drainage system of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road
Current situation and plan of drainage
The road project starts from Wanbian Bridge and ends at the south end of the proposed Kuiqi Bridge with a total length of 12.474km. The road is flanked almost by villages and the water is drained by overflow on the ground and through side ditches, no rainwater/sewage piping available. The inland rivers the road crosses or runs along are all natural watercourses having not been dredged or trimmed. The rainwater/sewage separation system is adopted for the proposed project. The rainwater along the road will be drained nearby and its outlets will be arranged in Yangqi River, Mupai River, Wushan River, Wushan River Branch, Zhulan River, Difeng River, Baihuting River, Luocheng River and Linpu River etc.
The proposed sewage drainage is divided into two sections. For the road section from the starting point to Fuxialu, according to Preliminary Feasibility Study on Fuzhou Lianban Sewage Disposal Plant , The maximum diameter of the proposed main trunk pipe for the road will be d1200mm, it serves to collect the sewage from Gaishan and Chengmen zones, with a serving area of 8.4km2, and the main trunk pipe will lead to sewage lift pump station near Fuxialu. For the road section from Fuxialu to the endpoint, it serves to collect the sewage from the sewage from Sanfeng Shoes Company, Futeng Industrial Zone and the vicinity on both sides of the Third Ring Road and drain it into the existing sewage piping in Fuxialu.
Design principle
The design recurrence interval for rainwater is one year, and the surface runoff coefficient is 0.75. Rainwater/sewage separation system is adopted. The rainwater piping is designed based on full flow. The sewage piping is designed based on non-full flow.
The minimum diameter of the rainwater main pipe is d400mm and the maximum d2000mm. The minimum diameter of the rainwater branch pipe is d400mm and that of rainwater connecting pipe d300mm. The spacing between access galleys is about 30m. The minimum diameter of the sewage
environmentprotect 19 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City main pipe is d400mm, and the maximum d1200mm. The minimum diameter of the sewage branch pipe is d300mm. The pipe specification and materials shall accord with GB11836-89. Choose relative parameters in accordance with Design specification of Outdoor Drainage and check them according to the current standard.
The minimum flow velocity of rainwater is 0.75m/s and that of sewage 0.6m/s.
To coordinate with pipelines construction of public services and facilities in the design road section, the buried depth of top designed rainwater/sewage piping will be 1.5 2.0m. Rainwater/sewage pipes will be laid in pedestrian way or auxiliary lane for easy maintenance.
When sewage piping goes through an internal river, inverted siphon will be adopted and access opening provide.
User’s branch piping is preserved within the range of 70 to 100m.
Construction scale and investment Construction scale and investment of Nanjiang Binlu
Nanjiang Binlu starts at the starting pile No.0+000 of Cangqianxilu, ends at the proposed Qianhengnanlu, with a total length of 5.23km. The proposed width of the road is 50m. Total investment of the project is 692.4 million yuan. The project construction fund is proposed to be raised partially by self-financing and partially by borrowing from domestic banks and borrowing from the World Bank. For the source of construction fun, see Table 2.6-1.
Table 2.6-1 Financing scheme Source of fund Amount(ten Accounting for the thousand yuan) total Financial allocations from Fuzhou municipality and 15628.78 22.6 raised by the project entity self Loan of domestic commercial banks 32839.26 47.4 Loan of World Bank 20772.02 30.0 Total 69240.06 100
Construction scale and investment of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road
The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road project starts from the north end of the proposed Wanbian Bridge and ends at Nanjiangbin Xiuxianlu, i.e. the south end of the proposed Minjiang Kuiqi Bridge. The total length of the road is 12.474km and the road width is 100 to 50m. The project is designed in accordance with urban speedway. Two interchanges and two grade separations will be for the road. And there will be a large bridge with a length of 420m and 8 medium and small bridges with total length of 316m along the road.
Total investment of the project is 1845.6864 million yuan. The project construction fund is proposed to be raised by self-financing of project entity, financial allocations from Fuzhou municipality, loan from domestic banks and loan from the World Bank. For the source of construction fun, see Table 2.6-2.
Table 2.6-2 Financing scheme
environmentprotect 20 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Source of fund Amount(ten Accounting for the thousand yuan) total Financial allocations from Fuzhou Municipality and 54470.59 30.00 raised by the project entity self Loan of domestic commercial banks 67633.49 37.00 Loan of World Bank 59464.56 33.00 Total 184568.64 100
Construction scale and investment of Kuiqi Bridge
Total investment of the self-anchored suspension bridge scheme (recommended scheme) of Fuzhou Kuiqi Bridge Project is 461.1283 million yuan. The project construction fund is proposed to be raised by self-financing of project entity, financial allocations from Fuzhou Municipality, loan from domestic banks and loan from the World Bank. For the source of construction fund, see Table 2.6-3.
Table 2.6-3 Financing scheme Source of fund Amount(ten Accounting for the thousand yuan) total Financial allocations from Fuzhou municipality 13833.85 30.00 Loan of domestic commercial banks 16139.49 37.00 Loan of World Bank 16139.49 33.00 Total 46112.83 100
Traffic forecast For flow of road sections of Nanjiang Binlu on the whole day in characteristic years and during rush hours, see Table 2.7-1 and Table 2.7-2. For that of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road see Table 2.7-3 and Table 2.7-4. For that of Kuiqi Bridge see Table 2.7-5.
Table 2.7-1 Bidirectional sectional flow of Nanjiang Binlu during rush hours (pcu) Road section 2005 2010 2015 2020 2022 from Aofengzhou Bridge to 1020 1355 1915 2016 2198 Qianhengnanlu from Aofengzhou Bridge to 1528 2028 2459 2890 3075 Sanxianzhou Bridge
Table 2.7-2 Bidirectional sectional flow of Nanjiang Binlu during whole day (pcu) Road section 2005 2010 2015 2020 2022 from Aofengzhou Bridge to 12755 16937 23685 25202 27475 Qianhengnanlu from Aofengzhou Bridge to 19105 25352 30738 35123 38435 Sanxianzhou Bridge
Table 2.7-3 Bidirectional sectional flow of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road during rush hours (pcu) Road section 2010 2020 2025 2028 Wanbian Bridge - Fuxialu 4591 5745 6664 7282 Fuxialu - Wanbian Bridge 4491 5596 6491 6549
Table 2.7-4 Bidirectional sectional flow of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road on a whole day (pcu)
environmentprotect 21 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Road section 2010 2020 2025 2028 Wanbian Bridge - Fuxialu 56122 70218 81453 89006 Fuxialu - Wanbian Bridge 54881 68393 79336 80052
Table 2.7-5 Traffic Forecast for Kuiqi Bridge in Characteristic Years 2010 2015 2020 2026 Year Traffic pcu/day 30156 48974 67792 78639
Based on the current composition features of the road transportation in Nantaidao Island area, current and future transportation policies, preliminary idea of Fuzhou logistics plan as well as future transportation development situation in Nantaidao Island area, and in view of the transportation features of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Nanjiang Binlu and their functional variation in the near future, the composition of vehicles on Nantaidao Island in characteristic years is shown in the table below:
Table 2.7-6 Composition of vehicles on Nantaidao Island Year Passenger car Taxi Bus Light truck Truck Total 2010 30 7 17 12 34 100 2020 35 8 14 12 31 100 2028 40 8 12 12 28 100
Analysis on emission of major pollutants Vehicle emission
Analysis of pollution source during construction
The generation sources resulting in atmospheric pollution during construction include: construction excavation and transport vehicles, rising dust resulted from the traveling construction machinery; handling, transportation and stacking of building materials (cement, lime, sandstone) as well as rising and falling of dredged spoil during its stacking and transportation; exhaust from all construction machines and vehicles. Of all these, dusts will have major impact on environmental air.
Analysis of pollution source during operation
The emission factor of a single vehicle shall accord with the state standard. For light vehicles, Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Light-duty Vehicle ( ) (GB18352.2-2001) and Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Automotive Compression Ignition Engine (GB17691-2001) shall be adopted. For second period and heavy vehicle, the form for phase II of Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Automotive Compression Ignition Engine (GB17691-2001) shall be adopted to check the requirements of emission limits. For calculation of motor vehicle emission, see Table 2.8-1 and 2.8-2.
Table 2.8-1 Emission limits of pollutants from light vehicles Unit: g/km·vehicle Vehicle Reference quality Limit Type RM/kg CO(L1) HC+NOX(L2) PM(L3)
environmentprotect 22 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Spark Compression Spark Non-direct Direct Nondirect Direct ignited ignition engine ignited injection injection injection injection engine engine compression compression compression compression ignition engine ignition ignition engine ignition engine engine I All 2.2 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.08 0.10 II RM 1 2 5 0 2.2 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.08 0.10 1250 RM 1700 4.0 1.25 0.6 1.0 1.3 0.12 0.14 RM 1 7 0 0 5.0 1.5 0.7 1.2 1.6 0.17 0.20
Note: Nitric oxides are expressed as equivalence of nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
Table 2.8-2 Emission limits of pollutants from heavy vehicles Unit: g/km·vehicle CO HC NOX PM 4.0 1.10 7.0 0.15
Note: Nitric oxides are expressed as equivalence of nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Based on the traffic flow of various types of vehicle in each road section and parameters such as emission factors of emission of various types of vehicles, the emission source strength of motor vehicles during rush hours in each road section may be calculated with the following formula: 5 = −1 Q j ∑3600 Ai Eij i=1 Wherein: Qj - emission source strength of the gaseous pollutant of class J, g/(s.km) ; Ai - traffic per hour of type i vehicle in year forecast; Eij - emission factor of single vehicle of class J pollutant of type i vehicle in year forecast, g/(vehicle·km). The emission source strength of the roads and the bridge has been calculated as listed in Table 2.8-3 and 2.8-7.
Table 2.8-3 Emission source strength of emission of motor vehicles in major road sections of Nanjiang Binlu during rush hours (unit: g/km·s) Road section 2010 2015 2020 HC CO NOx HC CO NOx HC CO NOx2 Aofengzhou Bridge to Kuiqi 0.23 1.55 1.44 0.32 2.22 2.06 0.34 2.34 2.17 Bridge Aofengzhou Bridge to 0.34 2.35 2.18 0.42 2.85 2.65 0.49 3.35 3.11 Sanxianzhou Bridge
Table 2.8-4 Emission source strength of emission of motor vehicles in major road sections of Nanjiang Binlu with daily mean traffic (unit: g/km·s) Road section 2010 2015 2020 HC CO NOx HC CO NOx HC CO NOx Aofengzhou Bridge to Kuiqi 0.12 0.82 0.76 0.17 1.14 1.06 0.18 1.22 1.13 Bridge Aofengzhou 0.18 1.22 1.14 0.22 1.48 1.38 0.25 1.70 1.58 Bridge to
environmentprotect 23 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Sanxianzhou Bridge
Table 2.8-5 Emission source strength of emission of motor vehicles in major road sections of Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road during rush hours (unit: g/km·s) Road section 2010 2020 2025 HC CO NOx HC CO NOx HC CO NOx Wanbian Bridge 0.72 5.07 4.55 0.90 6.35 5.70 1.04 7.36 6.61 to Fuxialu Fuxialu to Kuiqi 0.70 4.96 4.45 0.87 6.18 5.55 1.01 7.17 6.44 Bridge
Table 2.8-6 Emission source strength of emission of motor vehicles in major road sections of Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road with daily mean traffic (unit: g/km·s) Road section 2010 2020 2025 HC CO NOx HC CO NOx HC CO NOx Wanbian Bridge 0.36 2.58 2.32 0.46 3.23 2.90 0.53 3.75 3.37 to Fuxialu Fuxialu to Kuiqi 0.36 2.53 2.27 0.44 3.15 2.83 0.52 3.65 3.28 Bridge
Table 2.8-7 Emission source strength of emission of motor vehicles at Kuiqi Bridge during rush hours (unit: g/km·s) 2010 2020 Kuiqi Bridge CO NOx CO NOx 2.54 1.62 5.64 3.36
Note: Nitric oxides are expressed as equivalence of nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
Noise Analysis on noise source strength during construction During construction of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu, Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge, the noise sources include mainly various kinds of engineering construction machines, asphalt mixers and concrete mixers. Noise level values generated by construction machines lie between 81 90dB typically. And those by mixers between 84 90dB.
Analysis on noise source strength during operation
After putting into operation of Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road, Nanjiang Binlu and Kuiqi Bridge, noise sources will include mainly the motor vehicles traveling on road surface. It consists of mainly engine noise, exhaust noise, body vibration noise, transmission gear noise and braking noise, among which the engine noise is the major one. As indicated by domestic research, the relation between equivalent level power A and vehicle speed of various types of motor vehicles during driving in China is shown in Table 2.8-8.
Table 2.8-8 Relation between equivalent level power A and vehicle speed of various types of motor vehicles Type of vehicle Equivalent level power A LWA dB(A) LWA(V) LWA(logV)
environmentprotect 24 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Small 89+0.3V 66+24logV Medium 91+0.3V 64+25logV Large 96+0.3V 71+24logV Motorcycle 92+0.3V 68+23logV Note: Applicable for vehicle speed from 20 80Km/h.
According to the attenuation law of point sound source in free sound field, the noise level of various types of vehicles at a distance of 15m is calculated by the following formula: Leq=LWA-20logr-8 The results listed in Table 2.8-9.
Table 2.8-9 Leq of various types of vehicles Unit:dB(A) Type of vehicle Road (80Km/h) Road (60Km/h) Small 109.4 75.5 Medium 111.4 77.5 Large 116.4 82.5 Motorcycle 112.4 78.5 Note: Height of noise source: 1.0m for large and medium vehicles; 0.6m for small vehicles and motorcycles.
Construction schedule
Table 2.9-1 Schedule of Nanjiang Binlu during the construction period Time Work and stage Jan. 2004 to March 2004 preliminary design and appraisement March 2004 to June 2004 design of construction drawings examination of construction drawings and June 2004 to July 2004 bid invitation for construction Dec. 2004 to May 2006 project construction
Table 2.9-2 Schedule of Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road during the construction period Time Work and stage Oct. 2001 to Dec. 2004 work in early stage of the project Jan. 2005 to March 2005 preliminary survey and design April 2005 to May 2005 detailed geologic examination June 2005 to Dec. 2005 design of construction drawings Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2009 implementation of project
Table 2.9-3 Schedule of Kuiqi Bridge during the construction period Time Work and stage Jan. 2004 to July 2004 project proposal Aug. 2004 to Dec. 2004 study of engineering feasibility Jan. 2005 to march 2005 preliminary design and appraisal April 2005 to Oct. 2005 design of construction drawings Nov. 2005 to Dec. 2005 examination of construction drawings and bid invitation for construction Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2008 construction of project Beginning of 2009 completion and opening to traffic
environmentprotect 25 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Land occupied by construction site, material source and protective measures for construction environment Land occupied by Nanjiang Binlu, source of sand, stone and earth material as well as environmental protection measures for construction
1) Land area occupied On the road section of Nanjiang Binlu, the total land area requisitioned will be 46.6mu, among which vacant land and tidal flat 25.36mu, dry land 7.16mu, paddy field 4.36mu, orchard 9.68mu. All the remained is land for relocation due to housing demolition.
On the road section of Qiannanlu, the total land area used for road will be 76.4mu, among which water area 13.4mu, dry land 24mu, paddy field 25.2mu, flood bank 2mu, housing demolition 11.8mu.
2) Source of sandstone and earth material Road building materials are rich along the road line, sand and grit material may be bought locally; stone and earth materials may be acquired be self-processing or bought from stock yard. There are rich water sources along the road line, water used for the project will be supplied by tap water and water pumped from river. The major outsourced materials such as steel, wood, cement, asphalt, gasoline will be supplied by main channel of the market.
3) Environmental protection measures during construction period The road of the project runs through some sensitive objects such as residential area and cultural- educational area. Effective measures shall be taken to prevent construction in site from disturbing the public. Be sure to strictly abide by relative regulations and rules. Stop operation during noon and night on time. Enclosure higher than 2m shall be provided surrounding the construction site to reduce the noise impact.
A vehicle flushing device shall be provided at the entrance of the construction site. Muck and earth produced from construction shall be transported and disposed as a whole. Leakage or dropping during transport is strictly forbidden. Prevent surplus earth from dropping into the inland rivers and resulting in ill influence.
For the construction on the inside of flood bank line of the south bank of Beigang of the Minjiang River, engineering measures such as afforestation, slope protection and bulkheading shall be adopted to avoid water loss and soil erosion during the construction period. Construction shortcut shall be built in construction sector to keep smooth traffic and reduce impact on environment. The impact of housing demolition and relocation on residents’ life shall be taken into consideration and reasonable allocation program shall be formulated.
Land occupied by Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road, source of sand, stone and earth material as well as environmental protection measures for construction
1) Land area requisitioned by Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road 80.5mu for relocation due to house demolition. The land area requisitioned will be 1163.23mu, among which vegetable plot is 138.51mu, dry land is 34.00mu, orchard and economic forest are 743.48, road is 1491.70mu.
environmentprotect 26 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
2) Environmental protection measures during the construction period The road of the project runs through some sensitive objects such as residential area and cultural- educational area. Effective measures shall be taken to prevent construction in site from disturbing the public. Be sure to strictly abide by relative regulations and rules. Stop operation during noon and night on time. Enclosure higher than 2m shall be provided surrounding the construction site to reduce the impact of noise.
A vehicle flushing device shall be provided at the entrance of the construction site. Muck and earth produced from construction shall be transported and disposed as a whole. Leakage or scattering during transport is strictly forbidden. Prevent surplus earth from dropping into inland rivers and resulting in ill influence.
Conservation of soil and water shall be enhanced during the construction period. Engineering measures such as afforestation, slope protection and bulkheading shall be adopted to avoid water loss and soil erosion. Construction shortcut shall be built in construction sector to keep smooth traffic and reduce impact on environment. The impact of housing demolition and relocation on residents’ life shall be taken into consideration and reasonable allocation program shall be formulated.
3) Sand, stone and other building materials Stone material can be taken from Mawei and Changle where there are rich granite and lava reserves. The transport distance is 5 to 25km. Sand can be taken from Nangang or Houguan upstream. The transport distance is 5 to 30km.
The major outsourced materials such as steel, wood, cement, asphalt, gasoline will be supplied by main channel of the market.
As the major consideration, sits along the road may be utilized as road construction sites. Along the section of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road project, most of the land belongs to villages or towns, some vacant land may be utilized for stacking materials of construction site.
Land occupied by Kuiqi Bridge, source of sand, stone and earth material as well as environmental protection measures for construction
1) Transportation means and site conditions The north bank of the proposed Kuiqi Bridge will intersect with the expressway of Changle Airport and cross over Beijiangbinlu. The south bank will cross over the proposed Nanjiang Binlu and then connect with the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road. At present, there are Jiangbinlu, No.104 National Highway and Futie Branch Route (the latter runs to Mawei) at north bank, providing convenient traffic. There are Fuqian Expressway, Fuxialu, and village shortcuts at south bank. At the address of the proposed bridge, land transport is convenient; for water transport, the existing navigation channel of the Minjiang River may be utilized. At the south bank of the proposed bridge, there is broad and level farmland available for construction.
2) Building materials As for stone material, there are rich reserves of granite and latite at Mawei and Changle stock yards. Transport distance will be 5 to 25km. It may be outsourced. For sand, there are rich reserves in Nangang or Hougan upstream of Minjiang River. Transport distance will be 5 to 30km.
environmentprotect 27 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
environmentprotect 28 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Overview of Natural and Social Environments Along the Project Line Natural Environment Natural geographic overview
Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu is positioned at the north of Nantaidao Island, close to the Minjiang River. It starts from the pile No.0+000 on Cangqian Xilu and ends at pile No.9+000 at proposed Kuiqi Bridge. Refer to Fig. 3.1-1 and 3.1-2 for concrete positions.
Nantaidao Island is surrounded by rivers, at the east longitude of 119o13 12 119o25 48 and the north latitude of 25o57 48 26o6 42 . The total area is 142km2.
It enjoys a subtropical monsoon climate, mild climate and plentiful rainfall. Rainfall and hot weather are in the same period of time of the year. According to meteorological data, Fuzhou’s average annual temperature is 19.6 for years. Years’ change is between 19.1 and 20.3 . The highest monthly temperature is 28.8 in July. The extremely highest temperature is 39.5 . The coldest month is January with a temperature of 6.9 . The extremely lowest temperature is -2.3 . The average annual rainfall is 1000 1500mm. The largest rainfall is in May and June, approximately accounting for 33 of the year. The smallest rainfall is in November. From May to September is a season of plum rains, typhoon and rainstorms, the rainfall accounts for 47 83% of the year. The annual sunshine is up to 1700 1980 hours. The total annual solar radiation is up to 4100 4600mega joule/m2. The primary wind direction of the year is southeast wind and frequency is 14.3 ; the secondary wind direction of the year is south wind in summer and west wind in winter. The average annual wind velocity is 2.9m/s and the maximum wind velocity is 31.7m/s.
Rainfall distribution at the Minjiang River valley basically increases from the southeast to the northwest. From April to September of the year is the flood season of the Minjiang River, the rainfall accounts for 69 77 of the year. Fuzhou enjoys a mild maritime climate and plentiful rainfall. The maximum annual rainfall is 1633mm and the minimum rainfall is 1006mm, with an average annual rainfall of 1343mm. Rainfall concentrates in April to June. August and September are typhoon season with thunderstorms.
Landforms and Topography
Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road are all on the Nantaidao Island, and the southwest bridgehead of Kuiqi Bridge is also positioned on the island.
Topography of Nantaidao Island mainly features hills and plain, with a sea level of lower than 250m. Land surface doesn’t have much relief, but featuring a “three-high and two-low”. The northwest part, middle and southeast part of the island are mainly hilly areas. The famous Gaogaishan, Changanshan and Yantaishan ridges run through the middle and north areas. The highest hill in the central part is Gaogaishan with a seal level of 202m. Among the three big hills is mainly a plain. The southeast part is a broad alluvial plain. The whole surface relief tilts from the northwest to the southeast. The main topography of Nantaidao Island is hills, plain and river flood land. The hilly land features forest, bushes or wasteland. On the plain are orchard and vegetable plots. Nantaidao Island geology consists of hill slope and alluvial plain. Hills account for about 65% and plain accounts for 35%.
environmentprotect 29 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Rocks and hills expose. There are Jurassic Nanyuan volcanic rocks, late Yeshan fine granodiorite, and red middle grain granitite with vein materials. Hills are mainly composed of granite, then volcanic rocks and alluvium, where there are forests and fruit trees. Plain is the Longhai group alluvium of the Quaternary System Pleistocene Epoch and Holocene Epoch Changle group marine accumulation and alluvial deposit, which are composed of fine sand, dust and clay. It is an area to grow crops, vegetables, fruits, trees and flowers.
Project is proposed to be built on the top of the Quaternary geology composed of different rock formation (including alluvium, flood wash, marine accumulation, marine and land transit and drift bed). Underground is weathered granite. There is locally exposed granite scattered with other possible dikes. Some sections along the road line have shallow-buried sludge layers. There are no high hills, steep slope, border slope, dislocated and fractured zone and earthquake fault zone.
Nanjiang Binlu is positioned on the south bank of Minjiang Beigang of Nantaidao Island of Fuzhou. It starts from Cangqian Xilu in the west and ends at the proposed Kuiqi Bridge in the east. The road will cross the old alluvial area of the Minjiang River and the old river channel mud alluvium, Cangshan relic slope and Cangnan mud alluvial area. The engineering geological conditions at the relic slope area are good, but engineering geological conditions at highly compressed sludge, shallow buried sludge and alluvial area are poor.
The geology and landform along the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road are divided into two sections on the basis of Fuxialu boundary. The starting point is from the north bridgehead of Wanbian Bridge of Fuxialu section. It passes through Nantaidao Island. Beside part of residences, most of it is on the farmland, vegetable plot and orchard. Along the line is relatively smooth alluvial plain. Except part of the starting point is at the small slope with an elevation between 8.0 and 15.0; the rest of it is between 4.3 and 8.0. From Fuxialu to the terminal are hills, vegetable plot, orchard and requisitioned land. The highest elevation of the hilly section is up to 48.8, the land surface of the vegetable plot, orchard and other requisitioned land is smooth, and most of them have an elevation between 5.4 and 5.7.
Kuiqi Bridge crosses the Minjiang River whose north bank is positioned at Fuzhou Gushan ridge, connecting with the highway of the Changle International Airport; the south bank is at the terminal point of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road. The landform where the bridge is is high in the northeast and low in the southwest, it decreases in an elevated mode. The middle coastal part has low hills and Taiwan Strait on its east. Landform of the bridge area is at the juncture of the Mindongnan hills and Fuzhou plain (the Minjiang Grade-I terrace), which mainly features submerged valley marine sediment plain. The starting section is at the farmland and vegetable plot with a smooth elevation of 5.0~7.6. The terminal point is at Gushan ridge. Except individual village’s elevation is 6.0~7.5, the rest slope elevation is 19.6~41.1.
Stratigraphic geology
Project is planned to be built on the top of Quaternary geology composed of different rock formation (including alluvium, flood wash, marine accumulation, marine and land transit and drift bed). Underground is weathered granite. There is locally exposed granite scattered with other possible dikes.
The engineering geology of the road will cross the ancient alluvial area of the Minjiang River and the
environmentprotect 30 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City old river channel mud alluvium, Cangshan relic slope and Cangnan mud alluvial area. The engineering geological conditions at the relic slope area are good, but engineering geological conditions at highly compressed sludge, shallow buried sludge and alluvial area are poor.
Some sections along the road line have shallow-buried sludge layers. There are no high hills, steep slope, border slope, dislocated and fractured zone and earthquake fault zone.
Topography of Nantaidao Island mainly features hills and plain, with a sea level of lower than 250m. Land surface doesn’t have much relief, but featuring “three high and two low”. The northwest part, middle and southeast part of the island are mainly hilly areas. The most famous Gaogaishan, Changanshan and Yantaishan ridges run through the middle and north areas. The highest hill in the central part is Gaogaishan with a seal level of 202m. Among the three big hills is mainly a plain. The southeast part is a broad alluvial plain. The whole surface relief tilts from the northwest to the southeast. The main topography of Nantaidao Island is hills, plain and river flood land. The hilly land features forest, bushes or wasteland. On the plain are orchard and vegetable plots.
Nantaidao Island’s geology consists of hill slope and alluvial plain. Hills account for about 65 and plain accounts for 35 . Hills expose. There are Jurassic Nanyuan volcanic rocks, late Yeshan fine granodiorite, and red middle grain granitite with vein materials. Hills are mainly composed of granite, then volcanic rocks and alluvium, where there are forests and fruit trees. Plain has Longhai group alluvium, Changle group marine accumulation and alluvial deposit of the Quaternary System, which is composed of fine sand, dust and clay. It is an area to grow crops, vegetables, fruits, trees and flowers.
The basic earthquake intensity of the area where the project is is VII and near the earthquake area, and its basic earthquake intensity is 7o.
Climate and meteorology
Fuzhou enjoys a subtropical monsoon mild climate. Rainfall is plentiful. Rainfall and hot weather are in the same period of the year. According to meteorological data, Fuzhou’s average annual temperature is 19.6 for years. Years’ change is between 19.1 and 20.3 . The highest monthly temperature is 28.8 in July. The extremely highest temperature is 39.5 . The coldest month is January with a temperature of 6.9 . The extremely lowest temperature is -2.3 . There are about 3 days in a year with the lowest temperature below 0 . The frostless period of a year is up to 325 days.
Fuzhou region enjoys a plentiful rainfall. The annual rainfall is between 1000mm and 1500mm. The average annual rainfall is 1302.3 mm. From April to September of the year is the flood season; its rainfall accounts for 69 77 of the year. Rainfall concentrates in April to June. August and September are the typhoon season with thunderstorms. The largest rainfall is in May and June, approximately accounting for 33 of the year. The minimum rainfall is in November. May to September are a season of plum rains, typhoon and thunderstorms, the rainfall accounts for 47 83 of the year.
The primary wind direction of the year is southeast wind and frequency is 14.3 ; the secondary wind direction of the year is south wind in summer and west wind in winter. The average annual wind velocity is 2.9m/s and the maximum wind velocity is 31.7m/s.
The annual sunshine is up to 1700 1980 hours.
environmentprotect 31 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
River hydrology
(1) The Minjiang River The Minjiang River with a total length of 2959km has its source in the Wuyi Range in the North of Fujian Province. It flows through 36 counties and cities, covering a flow area of 60992km2. According to the site statistic data measured by Zhuqi Hydrologic Station for 50 years from 1936 to 1985, the average annual runoff of the Minjiang River is 56.1 billion cubic meters, plus flow of Dazhangxi River and other branches, the average annual runoff of the Minjiang River is over 62 billion cubic meters. Distribution of the runoffs in 4 seasons is quite different. Runoff in spring accounts for 35.6%; 40.2% in summer; 14.2% in autumn and 10% in winter. From April to June is high water period, the runoff accounts for 47.9%, the largest runoff in June accounts for 20.7%, but the smallest runoff only accounts for 2.6% in January.
The downstream of the Minjiang River is divided into south and north branches. The south branch is called Nangang (another name is Wulongjiang River); north branch is called Beigang (another name is Taijiang River). After the south and north branches respectively flow around Nantaidao Island and pass through Fuzhou, they join at Luoxingta, Mawei. The total length of the Minjiang River on Nantaidao Island is about 66km. After it flows through Tingtou, it divides into the south and north branches that flow into the sea at Meihua and Changmen respectively.
The total length of the Beigang section from Huaian to Mawei is 31.99km. It is basically narrow in upstream and wide in downstream, between midstream and upstream is a canyon section of 5km long, whose main channel water depth is about 1.5~3m. The average gradient of Beigang is 1.5‰. The river section from the branch’s mouth to Hongshan Bridge is deep in water and narrow in width, during low water period, water surface width is 150~220m; water surface width of the river section from Hongshan Bridge to Jiefang Bridge is 200~300. The gradient of flood and tide (ebb tide) are all 1.2‰. After Jiefang Bridge, river width becomes about 500m gradually. The north river section starts from Hongshan Bridge and passes through Fuzhou urban area. The river channel is restricted between the dykes or hills on both banks of the river. On both banks are Ding Dam, Shun Dam, river land production wharfs and terminals.
The total length of Nangang section from Huaian to Mawei’s Luoxingta is 34.8km. It appears wide up and narrow down. Except that Xiadou River is 350m wide, the other part of the river is about 2km wide. The average river width is 3~4 times that of Beigang. The water depth of the main channel near Wulongjiang Bridge is relatively deep, up to 12~15m; other sections are below 2m deep. The upstream of the river is less than 1.5m deep during low water. Nangang’s channel is relatively shallow. Shallow lands are changeable. Riverbed is higher than that of Beigang. The branch’s flow is relatively small during middle and low water periods. Since Nangang functions flood-diversion and sand discharge, it has a law of flood accumulation and low water flushing. The diversion ratio of Nangang and Beigang varies with Zhuqi’s flow.
The runoff ratio of Nangang and Beigang is affected by the landform of the river distributary mouth and hydrologic period. In accordance with long-term observation, a bigger runoff flows through Nangang during flood time when water is diverted by Nangang and Beigang, but at middle water period, most water flows through Beigang. In recent year, Nangang runs dry sometimes at low water period. Refer to Table 0-1 for diversion ratio of Nangang and Beigang at various water periods
Table 0-2 Diversion ratio of Nangang and Beigang
environmentprotect 32 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Hydrologic period Zhuqi flow (m3/s) Beigang (%) Nangang (%) Low water 600 100 0 Middle water 2200 82.40 17.6 8000 55.84 44.16 High water
Minjiang mouth belongs to strong tidal continental river mouth. Tidal type is regular half-day one. Tide has two cycles in a day. Each cycle lasts 12 hours and 25 minutes. The average tide rising is about 5h and tide falling is about 7h and 25 minutes. 12 hours and 50 minutes is a tide rising and falling cycle. July and August of the lunar year is the big tide period. The 3rd and 18th days of each lunar month are monthly big tidal period.
Big tide area boundary at the Minjiang mouth is near Houguan during the dry season, but the tide boundary reaches Wenshanli. The tide boundary is between Kuiqi and Majiang during the middle water period. The tide area boundary is at Jiefang Bridge at the low water period, but tide boundary is at Mawei. When Zhuqi flow is over 1300m3/s, there is basically no tide at Luoxingta section. The maximum tidal range at Baiyantan Station is 5.28m; the average tidal range is 3.8m. When the tide moves upstream, the tidal range will become smaller and smaller, so effect of the tide become weaker and tidal time becomes shorter. During the dry season, there is rare runoff in Nangang at Juyuanzhou section, river water only moves upstream during tide rising.
(2) Inland river There are more than 20 inland rivers on Nantaidao Island. The main rivers are Longjin River, Gangtou River, Yuejin River, Yangqia River and Baihuting River. Most of the inland rivers are seriously silted up and water doesn’t flow smoothly.
Underground water
Fuzhou Basin covers an area of about 508km2. There is buried bedrock crevice-water. Reserve for exploitation is 21.3m3. There is rich void water and hot spring. It is verified that there is hot spring at Luozhou Town, Nantaidao Island, but it has to verify its reserve and quality.
There is rich underground water at the alluvial plain along the road and shallowly buried. Since Fuzhou has rich surface water resource, utilization of cold underground water is very few.
Soil
Nantaidao Island has 3 kinds of soils and 5 kinds of subsoils. 3 kinds of soils are regional lateritic soil, non-regional tidal soil and paddy soil. The lateritic soil mainly distributes at the hilly area on the island while the paddy soil distributes in elevation. Tidal soil and paddy soil crisscross on the plain, hilly glacis and slope region. Cultivated soil accounts over 2/3 of the total area of the district.
Fuzhou’s current social situation and planning City nature
In accordance with Fuzhou’s General City Planning 1995~2010 , the nature of Fuzhou city is defined as: the capital city of Fujian Province, a historic and cultural city (published in the second batch) of the State, an important economic center of China’s southeast coast and a modern harbor city.
environmentprotect 33 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Geographic position
Fuzhou is located at the center of sea and air lines of Asian regions with fast economic growth, the center of China’s coastal open zones and the center of the economically developed Yangtze River Delta and Zhujiang River Delta, so it enjoys a favorable geographic position. Construction of the airport, harbor, coastal highways and railway would further enhance its position advantages.
Nantaidao Island is positioned at the west and south parts of the central urban area of Fuzhou, where enjoys a quite accessible water and air traffic. On the island are beautiful hills covered with trees. There are rich cultural and folk resources. There are about 60 high learning institutions and scientific research institutes at Cangshan area, where is the most important existing base of Fuzhou for culture, education and scientific research. Nantaidao Island’s Cangshan area has relatively developed industry and economy. There are Cangshan SciTech park area and Cangshan industrial area. In 2001, the industrial output value was RMB4.5 billion. Nantaidao Island has set up industrial bases at Jinshan investment area, Gaishan investment area and Chengmen investment area. It is a key place of Fuzhou for urban construction and investment at present. It will play a very important role in the development of this century. On one hand, it is a new growing point of Fuzhou, a new urban area to undertake the task of city expansion and increase of city’s total economic volume; on other hand, it takes the task of sharing functions of Gulou and Taijiang Districts, scattering the population and traffic at the old urban area, thus bringing city’s development to a virtuous cycle.
Current economic and social situation of Fuzhou and Nantaidao Island Population and community
Fuzhou governs 5 districts, 2 municipalities and 6 counties. 5 districts are Gulou District, Taijiang District, Jinan District, Cangshan District and Mawei District; 2 municipalities are Fuqing and Changle; and 6 counties are Minhou County, Lianjiang County, Luoyuan County, Minqing County, Yongtai County and Pingtan County. By the end of 2002, there were 1762021 households, with a total permanent population of 5,975,381, out of which urban households were 486,365 and population (5 districts) was 157,64791.
Nantaidao Island is positioned in the south of Fuzhou urban area. After restructuring, Cangshan District covers the whole Nantaidao Island, governing Jianxin Town, Gaishan Town, Chengmen Town, Cangshan Town, Luozhou Town, 7 streets, 45 community offices, 18 sub district committees, 113 administrative villages, covering an area of 142km2.
Current situation of land resource development and utilization of Nantaidao Island
In 2002, the structure ratio of the 3 industries is 5.21:62.69:32.10. The gross industrial output value was RMB 18.756 billion and agricultural output value was RMB 0.7088 billion (only accounting for 5.21% of the gross output value).
Nantaidao Island has a rich land resource of various types, covering a total area of 142km2. Cangshan Town has the highest land utilization rate of 99.27% and Chengmen Town has the lowest land utilization rate of 90.17%.
environmentprotect 34 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
The developed land of the District covers 7896.33 hectares, consisting of cultivated farmland, orchard, forest and grassplot, and farming water area, accounting for 59.7%, the largest area is at Jianxin Town. Non-farm land covers 5330.47 hectares, consisting of residence, industry, mines, traffic and non- farming water area, accounting for 40.3%, the largest area in at Cangshan Town. Proportion of farmland for orchard ranks first (41.7%), then comes farming water area (32%). Undeveloped area is 980.83 hectares, accounting for 6.9% of the District’s total area, out of which wasteland is 768.78 hectares, accounting for 78.38% of the unutilized land; ridge area is 120.11 hectares, accounting for 2.25%; bare area is 58.23 hectares, accounting for 5.94%; other area accounts for a very small proportion. Towns with larger unutilized area are Chengmen Town, Jianxin Town and Gaishan Town.
Current situation of economic development
Since the reform and open to the outside world, Fuzhou has made remarkable progress in the development of economy and social undertakings. Its integral urban power has stepped into top 10 provincial capital cities in China. In 1984, Fuzhou became a national historic and cultural city of the second batch and one of the 14 coastal open port cities of China. In 1985, it was listed one of the cities to carry out trial reform on national economic system. In 1990, it became one of China’s 35 cities each with a GDP over “Ten Billion Yuam”. In 1991, it first became one of China’s first batch “top 50 cities with the strongest integral power” and one of “top 40 cities with the best investment hardware environment”. In 1997, its city integral power ranked 24th among China”s 219 prefecture-level cities. In 2001, its total economic volume increased from the 17th in 1978 to the 9th among China’s 26 provincial capital cities.
Fuzhou was successively awarded the title of “National Advanced City on Creation of Ethical City” and “National Hygienic City”, “National Advanced City of Developing the City through Science and Education” for three consecutive years, “National Model City on Double-Support” for four consecutive years. In 2000, it was granted “China’s Fine Tourist City”.
In 2002, calculated on the basis of the comparable price, Fuzhou reached a GDP of RMB 121.4852 billion (RMB 57.461 billion in urban area), an increase of 10.6% over the previous year. The primary industry’s added-value was RMB 14.0740 billion (RMB 0.992 billion in urban area), an increase of 3.9% over the previous year; the secondary industry’s added-value was RMB 59.562 billion (RMB 26.221 billion in urban area), an increase of 14.2%; the tertiary industry’s added-value was RMB 47.883 billion (RMB 28.717 in urban billion), an increase of 8.6%. Fuzhou’s GDP per capita was RMB 20,292 (RMB 35,784 in urban area), an increase of 10.2% over the previous year.
City’s natural landscape
Fuzhou is China’s fine tourist city with unique features. As early as in Song Dynasty, Fuzhou was named “Rong Cheng (Banyan City)” because of its lots of banyan trees in the city. There are beautiful hills like Yushan, Wushan and Pingshan that make Fuzhou become a unique city of “hills in the city and city in the midst of hills”. There are Wuta Pagoda and Baita Pagoda of over 1000-year history, the Minjiang River (Nangang) with an annual runoff of 60 billion cubic meters passes through the city. All those form a unique landscape “three hills, two pagodas and one river” full of cultural meaning. Fuzhou’s Gushan and Xichan Temple have been well known both at home and abroad. With Yongquan Temple as the center, Gushan has more than 160 scenic spots along four directions. In addition, there are State forest park in the north and Qishan scenic spot.
environmentprotect 35 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Current situation of surface water resource development and utilization
Average runoff of the Minjiang River for years is about 56.1 billion cubic meters. Average runoff depth at Fuzhou section is 500~1500mm, out of which average runoff depth at urban area is 680mm. The annual water production capacity is 26 million cubic meters, a per capita amount of 1954 cubic meters. But guest water of the Minjiang River is very big, so Fuzhou has a rich fresh water resource, a per capita amount of 12,500 cubic meters, ranking second among 14 coastal open cities in China. At present, water supply facilities at Cangshan District are: Chengmen Water Plant, Yixu Water Plant and Nanqu Water Plant. Chengmen Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 60,000T/day; Yixu Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 21,000T/day and Nanqu Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 30,000~40,000T/day. In addition, there are various self-provided industrial water sources. It is estimated that the annual water supply capacity could reach 48 million tons.
Development planning, traffic and environment planning of Fuzhou Development objective of Fuzhou
From 2001 to 2010, through 10 years’ construction and development, Fuzhou would be built into a modern international metropolis with perfect infrastructure and complete integral functions; there will be high-speed highways, electrified railway, automated harbor and internationalized airport. A coordinated, technically advanced, quick and integral transport system composed of highways, harbor and international airport and a convenient, quick, efficient modern communications network shall take the shape.
In 2010, the national economy will be greatly strengthened, which will reach or approach the average development level of the medium-developed countries or regions of the Asia. It shall basically become a modern international metropolis with commercial and trade centers, traffic and communication center, SciTech and IT center, educational and cultural center, economic and trade exchange center of the Taiwan Strait, which radiate the whole province and surrounding provinces and municipalities, and are characterized by informationized management, high efficient operation and integration with international market, thus completely realizing the strategic objective of Fuzhou for 20 years’ economic and social developments.
Development scale of Fuzhou
In accordance to Fuzhou’s General City Planning , the general urban structure layout is: the main development axis shall be along the river and coastal line, the central city and ten satellite towns shall be constructed along the banks of the Minjiang River and Wulongjiang River and along the coastal line, and shall connect with convenient and quick traffic, thus forming a “L”-shaped large modern city space with the central city as the center and ten towns as its satellite towns.
In recent years, the construction of the central city shall follow the principle of “expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west”, key construction is to develop the Nantaidao Island on opposite of the river, especially develop Jinshan District and the University City. Central city layout shall be based on the traditional central axis of Bayiqilu and the modern Minjiang development axis. It shall take Gulou and Taijiang Districts as the core around by Gushan, Xindian, Cangshan,
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Jinshan, Gaishan and Xinjian towns, and build them into a group-type structure that has close links but relative independent as well.
Refer to Table 6.2-1 for short-term and long-term population and city land tenure scale of the central urban area and six sub-districts.
Table 6.2-1 Short-term and long-term urban development scale Area Population Population Population in Population in Area in 2005 Area in 2010 density in density in 2005 2010 population 2005 2010 District name (Km2) (10,000 persons) (10,000 persons/Km2) Central area 50.01 50.01 76.14 69.48 1.52 1.39 Gushan 25.26 25.26 25.79 29.21 1.02 1.16 Xindian 10 15.12 10.88 17.45 1.09 1.15 Jinshan 7 9.95 8.41 11.9 1.20 1.20 Jianxin 3.5 6.5 3.36 8.35 0.96 1.28 Cangshan 15.95 15.95 24.21 21.59 1.52 1.35 Gaishan 7 10.51 7.85 12.02 1.12 1.14 Total 118.72 133.39 156.65 170.00 Average 1.20 Average 1.24
Long-term general central city layout shall take the central city as the core circle that mainly concentrates the tertiary industry of finance, commerce, trade, culture, information, administration and comprehensive services; neighboring towns of the central city as the second circle that mainly concentrates the developments of SciTech center, high learning institutions, tourism, hi-tech, and industries with low material consumption and low pollution; area outside the second circle as the third circle that mainly concentrates the developments of suburb agriculture, tourism and large-sized industrial zones.
Development planning of Nantaidao Island Nature of Nantaidao Island
On the basis of Nantaidao Island’s current conditions and in accordance with Fuzhou’s General Planning and future development need, nature of Nantaidao Island shall be: “on the basis of consolidating existing cultural and educational functions, try hard to cultivate 4 functional areas - hi- tech industry, high-grade residences, commercial and trade center and tourism”, build Nantaidao Island into a new garden-type modern ecologic urban area with distinct differences from the central Gulou and Taijiang Districts but with its own unique style.
The positioning of the commercial and trade center will focus on the development of various wholesale market and warehouse; tourism will focus on sightseeing.
General structure and scale
Based on the planned central city structure as stated in Fuzhou`s General Planning and according to new planned scale, it shall adopt block-type structure that is divided into 5 districts - Jinshan, Jianxin, Cangshan, Gaishan and Chengmen.
The planned population for 2005 is 413,440, that for 2010 is 538,200 and for 2020 is 800,000. Refer to Table 6.3-1 for each district’s function and size (in 2020).
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Table 6.3-1 Each district’s function and size of Nantaidao Island Planned districts Population Function (10,000) Jinshan 16.66 High grade residential community, cultural and educational area Jianxin 16.76 Cultural and educational area, residential community Cangshan 22.17 Central area, cultural and educational area Gaishan 14.24 Hi-tech park Chengmen 10.17 Hi-tech park and tourism Subtotal 80
Functional layout
(1) Urban center and commercial and trade area A 1-center and 4-sub-centers system is designed on the Island. The center is positioned between Jiefang Bridge of Nanjiang Binlu and the third bridge of the Minjiang River, and both sides of Nantai Dadao. 4 sub-centers are respectively positioned at Jinshan, Jianxin, Gaishan and Chengmen. Nantaidao Island commercial and trade center is at Shangshanlu, Liuyi Nanlu and Nantai Dadao, covering an area of 6.7 hectares.
(2) Tourist and entertainment area Along Luozhou and south side of Chengmen, on the basis of tourist development along the river, utilization of rich natural and folk customs, it shall build a cultural and tourist zone along the river, which shall extend from Wanxiang to Pitou harbor area in the east. It shall develop tourist resources surrounding Huaxia Shijiyuan, Zhonghua Water Cultural Town, Ancient Luozhou Town and Yixu Flood land (the planning proposes that a movie producing city should be built), thus forming a beautiful cultural and tourist zone with rich activities along the river.
(3) Hi-tech industrial area On the basis of Cangshan SciTech park area, Gaishan investment area and Chengmen investment area, it shall further expand land tenure, optimize structure and construct hi-tech industrial area. It is planned to arrange 713-hectare land for construction of the industrial parks, including 113 hectares at Puxiazhou, 53 hectares at Cangshan SciTech Park, 133 hectares at Gaishan investment area, 73.3 hectares at Chengmen, 120 hectares at Guozhai, 100 hectares at Luxia and 127 hectares at Panyu.
(4) Cultural and educational area It shall perfect Shoushan cultural and educational area, develop Feifenngshan cultural and educational area, reserve Huaian and Luozhou cultural and educational area, and intensify the function of Nantaidao Island as a base for Fuzhou’s culture, education and scientific research.
(5) High grade residential community Residential communities mainly concentrate at Jinshan and Jianxin. Jinshan shall be built mainly with high-grade residential communities, especially along Wulongjiang River and Minjiang River. Garden- type communities and approved villa communities shall be built there. Jianxin shall be built mainly with economic residences or other general residences, but construction at the new areas shall adhere to relatively high standard.
(6) Jinshan ecologic industrial park
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It is located on the north of Jinshan Dadao and on the south of Xishan. It is divided into west area, middle area and east area on the boundaries of Hongwanlu and Jianxin Dadao, covering a total area of 360.73 hectares. With the support of high learning institutions and scientific research institutes, focusing on IT, biotechnology, integration of electromechanics and new materials, Jianxin Industrial Zone shall strive to develop network technology, photoelectric technology, automation, intelligent digital products, fine chemicals, bioengineering and marine technology; introduce intelligence and technologies; promote Fuzhou’s three pillar industries of electronics, mechanics and light industry to develop in scale, intensive enterprise and hi-tech, so as to form a urban industrial structure with hi- tech, high added-value, low energy consumption and low pollution.
(7) Land-use-planning beyond urban construction land tenure
Nantaidao Island covers a total area 142km2. Beside urban construction land tenure, other land tenure (except the airport) shall mainly focus on the development of high and fine agriculture and farm sightseeing. Production of vegetables, fruits and flowers shall be the key products, thus maintaining its feature of “One Hundred Flowers Garden”. Farm production shall closely combine with tourism, orchard and grassland, thus making it become an important integral part of the new modern urban area.
Current city traffic situation and development planning
Development objective of city’s economy and traffic shall be based social acceptability, environmental sustainability and implementation feasibility.
Current situation of Fuzhou’s traffic and existing problems
In 2001, total road length at Fuzhou region was 912km, out of which trunk road area reached 10.195 million square meters, road area per capita reached 6.63m2. In 2002, the business revenue of Fuzhou’s public transport sector was RMB 304.5143 million; passenger transport volume was 307.67671 million person times; vehicle-kilometer was 108.96 million kilometers, a growth of 7.87%, 12.19% and 103.31% respectively over the previous year. Bus/10000person was 11.32 scalar; operating lines were 89, out of which mini bus lines were 37. Total line length was 1348km; line length of the mini bus was 544.1km. Line network length was 367km and line network length of the mini bus was 109.8km. Stopovers were 4120 and parking lot area was 221,700m2.
With speeding-up of urbanization process, people’s tour frequency keeps increasing, so the total tour volume keeps growing. Meanwhile, after China’s entry into the WTO, Fuzhou’s automobile number has increased greatly. Especially since 2002, automobile number plates are open to the public, the number of automobiles in the urban area has a tremendous increase. According to statistics, from October, 2001 to October, 2002, the number of automobiles in Fuzhou’s central urban area increased nearly 20,000. Furthermore, although the construction of the urban roads has grown steadily, the increase rate of the newly built roads in recent years is not more than 5%, the growth rate is far less than the increase rate of the number of the automobiles. So contradiction between traffic demand and supply becomes serious with each passing day, the heavy-loaded urban roads have a more difficult situation; urban road traffic environment becomes worse gradually, there are traffic jams sometimes at some main crosses and trunk roads. Urban traffic has become a bottleneck that restricts the normal operation of the city and rapid economic development, which shall be resolved urgently. Generally speaking, Fuzhou’s current city traffic has the following main problems:
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1) Unreasonable road structure layout: it is better in the north but poor in the south; road network at the new urban area is relatively complete, but that at the old urban area is not well improved;
2) Without good coordination of the road network grades: there is no expressway network, main trunk road network is relatively good, but the secondary trunk road network is not sufficient. Some branch roads have dead ends and are narrow. They shall be transformed and improved;
3) Construction of social public parking lot lags behind, management of the parking on the roadside is not normalized.
4) There are too many crosses that are too narrow and not in regular form. Automobile, bicycles and pedestrians mingle with each other and are in disorder, which have caused traffic jams on Fuzhou’s roads.
All those problems are quite prominent. Management, quick innovation and long-term planning shall be performed to solve those problems.
Water transport
Objective of traffic development
It shall build a complete city traffic framework system, configure various urban roads, form an integral traffic system that is able to meet city’s long-term traffic need, coordinate with social, economic, cultural and ecologic environments, has reasonable layout, definite functions, relatively high-level construction and modern management level, and is quick, convenient, multi-layered, dimensional and harmonized.
Planning of Fuzhou’s road network is to build a modern road network that can meet the traffic need based on construction of trunk road network and reasonably configured roads.
In accordance with Integral Traffic Planning of Fuzhou Central City compiled in 1995, Fuzhou city road network is in a square, ring and radial pattern. It shall consist of 8 radial lines, 3 ring roads and several trunk roads passing through east, west, south and north of the city. The second ring road, the third ring road, special airport expressway, highway (connecting line), Guohuolu and Pushanglu on Nantaidao Island constitute a city expressway network.
Schematic map of Fuzhou’s framework road network
The inner ring road is around the key urban area, starts from Ximen in the north, along the Baimalu southward, crosses the Minjiang River, connects with Shangshanlu, runs eastward, connects with Liuyinanlu, and then along Liuyilu and crosses the Minjiang River to connect with Hudonglu at Dongmen, turns westward to connect with Hubinlu, and finally returns to Ximen. Since the inner ring road is positioned at the old urban area, passes through the flourishing urban area, most of the road sections are transformed from the old roads. Road widening involves three archways and 7 lanes (cultural properties), coordination is hard, so it is classified as the Class-I trunk road of the city.
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The second ring road is around the inner ring road, starts from the west side of the north ring road, by way of Tongpan, Xiangshan, passes through Yangqiaolu and Gongyelu, along Changidnglu and crosses the Minjiang River (Minjiang Bridge at Youxizhou) to Jianxin, runs eastward to intersect with the planned Liuyi Nanlu (Nantai Dadao) at the north end of Gaogaishan, continuously runs eastward to reach Baihuting, then turns to north and along Lianjiang Nanlu, crosses Aofeng Bridge, along Lianjiang Zhonglu and Lianjiang Beilu, and reaches the north ring road by way of Wuliting No.2 Chemical Plant Jinjishan Tunnel Liuyi Beilu Wusi Beilu the north ring road. The total length of the second ring road is 28.5Km. Construction of a section of about 18km has been completed according to the standard of Class-I trunk road. It is proposed that the whole line shall be constructed according to expressway standard about in 2010. After assessment on environmental impact, landscape, traffic and construction cost, the Fuzhou Municipal party Committee and Municipal Government have decided to pause the construction of the second elevated viaduct.
The outer ring road (the third ring road): It is designed an expressway of six lanes. The road will pass Gushan, Xindian, Jinshan, Jianxin, Gaishan and Chengmen. It is an expressway connecting all those newly developing areas and aims at providing a quick traffic for the urban area with all satellite towns and part of transit vehicles by means of the outer ring road and radial lines. The total length is about 49km and the construction of the whole line is to be completed before 2020.
The three ring roads play different roles in organizing the city traffic.
The inner ring road will mainly undertake the traffic of CBD.
The second ring road will mainly undertake the task to connect the areas around the central area.
Beside Gaishan and Xindian, the third ring road covers the whole central urban area. The construction of the third ring road will form a road framework with complete functions and reasonable structure at Fuzhou region, which would greatly exert the functions of the existing roads and enable most of the urban roads to connect with exit traffic lines, thus improving the scale benefit of the road network.
In accordance with Integral Planning of Fuzhou Nantaidao Island compiled in 2000, an island ring road will be built on Nantaidao Island in short-term period along Minjiang River and Wulongjiang River. On the basis of the development of the tourist resources along the rivers, it shall speed up the land development and quicken the urbanization process of the undeveloped areas.
Current situation of Fuzhou’s traffic and development planning
Since the reform and opening-up, Fuzhou has made remarkable achievements in social, economic and city construction, but city traffic problem becomes more serious with each passing day. Slow construction growth cannot meet the fast growing demand of the vehicles. There is a sharp contradiction between the supply and the demand; and urban traffic environment becomes worse gradually.
In accordance with Fuzhou General City Planning , the general layout structure at the urban area is: main development axis along the river and sea coast, the central city and satellite towns shall be built along the banks of the Minjiang River and Wulongjiang River and along the coast, between which are connected with convenient and quick traffic, thus forming a “L”-shaped large modern city space with the central city as the center and ten towns as its satellite towns. The existing road network at the urban
environmentprotect 41 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City area (on the north of the Minjiang River) appears block pattern while the road network at Cangshan (Nantaidao Island) is freely laid out, whose trunk roads don’t constitute a system.
Since the beginning of the new century, urban construction is based on the principle of “expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west”. The key is to develop Nantaidao Island and build the University City. Central city layout shall be based on the traditional central axis of Bayiqilu and the modern Minjiang development axis. It shall take Gulou and Taijiang Districts as the core around by Gushan, Xindian, Cangshan, Jinshan, Gaishan and Xinjian towns, and build them into a group-type structure that has close links but relative independent as well.
Current situation of Nantaidao Island’s traffic and development planning
Nantaidao Island is positioned on the south gateway of Fuzhou, enjoys a favorable geographic environment and a quite accessible traffic. There are 9 bridges connecting other parts of the city. It is at the starting point of No.324 State highway and the entrance of Tongsan Highway. No.316 and No.324 State Highways pass through the territory. It has a developed highway network.
Development of Nantaidao Island is an important integral part to implement Fuzhou’s development strategy of “expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west”. Geographically, Nantaidao Island is the sole place of Fuzhou to meet the need for city expansion and development, and a guarantee to develop new urban industries, build new districts and realize fast economic development. Development of Nantaidao Island will be conducive to sharing the functions and scattering the population at Gulou and Taijiang districts, and create favorable conditions for promoting the transformation of the old urban area. Across the Minjiang River (Wulongjiang River) are Jiefang Bridge, No.2 Minjiang Bridge, No.3 Minjiang Bridge (Aofeng Bridge), No.4 Minjiang Bridge (Sanxianzhou), No.6 Minjiang Bridge (Jinshan Bridge), Hongshan Bridge, Hongtang Bridge, Jinshan Bridge, Wulongjiang River Bridge, super-large Wulongjiang Bridge, No.5 Minjiang Bridge (Youxi Bridge) under construction, Wanbian Bridge and Gushan Bridge proposed to be built, which have helped remove the bottleneck of Nantaidao Island to connect with inland traffic, and are an essential guarantee for the construction and development of Nantaidao Island. The construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Nantai Dadao will improve the investment environment of Nantaidao Island and greatly promote the land development along the road line.
Construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Nanjiang Binlu will greatly promote the implementation of Fuzhou’s development strategy of “expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west”. On the basis of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Nanjiang Binlu, it shall carry out land development mainly on public traffic and social services, and greatly develop tourist resources along the river, which would promote fast developments of the city traffic, building industry, real estate industry and recreation sector. Moreover, the development of those industries would promote the development of related upstream and downstream industries, thus making the city develop as a whole.
Necessity and urgency of building Nanjiang Binlu
(1) Urgent need to implement the city development strategy
The new development pattern of Fuzhou’s urban area is based on the central city along the rivers and the coast. Geographically, Jianxin, Chengmen and Gaishan, Shangjie (University City) on Nantaidao
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Island are positioned at the plain. It enjoys a unique geographic advantage, so it can meet the need for city expansion. It is a key project of Fuzhou’s city construction at present. The construction of Nanjiang Binlu will be conducive to land development and construction at the newly developing area, and will promote the traffic to guide the development of city.
(2) Urgent need to perfect the road network construction
In accordance with Fuzhou General City Planning (revised edition approved by the State Council in 1999), the south bank line of Beigang shall be moved outwards at Puxiazhou section, the proposed road network includes an island ring road along the new bank line of Nantaidao Island. Nanjiang Binlu is the north ring road of the island ring road of Nantaidao Island. Its function is defined as the secondary trunk road to integrate recreation, river landscape and traffic. Therefore, the construction of Nanjiang Binlu shall not only perfect the road network structure on Nantaidao Island, but also improve the density of the secondary trunk road network at Fuzhou’s urban area, and meet resident’s need for tour at the surrounding areas.
(3) Urgent need for city expansion and land development
With the implementation of the city development strategy of “expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west”, development of New Jinshan area and even the whole Nantaidao Island has become Fuzhou’s urgency. The construction of the new area would play an important role in expanding the city scale, improving land utilization rate, promoting transformation of the old urban area, easing urban land tenure and traffic pressure, and scattering the dense population.
Areas along Nanjiang Binlu (section to the east of No.3 Bridge) are all undeveloped. The construction of the road project would not only strengthen the quick link of the central city with Nantaidao Island and expansion of the city scale, but also greatly promote land development along the road line and construction of the new areas, thus perfecting city’s reasonable layout and increasing land value at the undeveloped area. It will play an important role in redisplaying Fuzhou’s unique view of a modern city harmonized with its historic culture.
(4) Need for social and economic developments
In the next few years, demand of the residents at Fuzhou’s urban area for house cars will increase very fast, which would bring huge pressure on Fuzhou’s limited road network. Urban road traffic would face a huge challenge. When the traffic supply cannot meet the demand for traffic, traffic contradiction would become a restrictive factor of the social and economic developments. To construct Nanjiang Binlu very soon is an urgent need of Fuzhou to support its fast social and economic developments.
(5) Need for quick city traffic development
About in 2005, it is estimated that the total number of vehicles at the urban area will be over 100,000. The existing city road network will be hardly to bear such huge traffic burden, so it is absolutely to develop new areas (roads) to scatter and share city traffic.
In accordance with traffic flow estimate, the traffic flow on the road section from Cangqian Xilu of Nanjiang Binlu to No.3 Minjiang Bridge would reach 21000car/day; the traffic flow on the road
environmentprotect 43 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City section from No.3 Minjiang Bridge to Kuiqi Bridge would reach 14000car/day (the above figures were converted with mini bus equivalent).
The construction of Nanjiang Binlu would quickly form a trunk road network on Nantaidao Island, scatter and share traffic flow at the urban area. It is an urgent need for the fast development of the urban traffic.
(6) Need for speeding up tourist resource development and realization of a comfortable society
Nanjiang Binlu Project will promote the construction of landscape along Nanjiang Binlu, form a complete one-river (the Minjiang River) and two-zone (south and north bank landscape zones) scenery. It will meet the demand of people for leisure, recreation and tourism, beautify the provincial capital city and promote the tourist resource development. The construction of Nanjiang Binlu is a must for promoting urbanization process and developing tourist resource so as to build a comfortable society.
Fuzhou environment planning
Guiding principle of the planning revision
We shall adhere to the principle of synchronizing the planning, implementation and development of the urban and rural construction, economic construction and environment construction as a whole, and realize the integration of social, economic and environmental benefits. We shall analyze environmental change trend on the basis of social and economic development strategy, raise a policy of environmental protection, and promote the sustainable developments of society, economy and environment.
Planning scope
The planned scope in this planning covers the central city, Mawei, Changan and Langqi, totaling an area of 161.3km2. The central city consists of 4 districts – Gulou, Taijiang, Cangshan and Jinan, covering an area of 133.3km2.
The planned scope of the water environmental protection covers Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River, rivers at the urban area, Xihu Lake and water resource protection area of Aojiang River. The proposed scope of the air environmental protection covers the proposed area. The proposed scope of the noise environmental protection covers developed urban area. The proposed scope of the solid waste treatment covers the proposed urban area: The proposed scope of the ecologic environmental protection mainly covers the proposed urban area, but shall extend to the related areas in suburb counties (municipalities).
Planning term
The planning term is from 2001 to 2020. The reference year was 1998, short-term year is 2005, medium-term year is 2010 and long-term year is 2020.
General objective of the environmental protection
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The short-term objective (to 2005) of the urban environmental protection: urban environmental quality at the functional area shall reach the State standard and environmental quality has significant improvement; an overall implementation of a total volume control plan shall be performed; total pollutant discharge volume shall be limited at the level in 2000 and shall have a possible decrease; the worsening trend of Fuzhou’s environmental pollution and ecologic environment shall be basically controlled, thus making society, economy and environment develop coordinately.
The medium-term objective (to 2010) of the urban environmental protection: the worsening trend of the environmental pollution and ecologic environment shall be checked; city layout, industrial structure and resource utilization shall tend to reasonableness. It shall effectively control the environmental pollution, check the worsening trend of the ecologic environment and keep improving the environmental quality while it maintains a sustainable and healthy economic development. It shall implement the ecologic environmental protection at key ecologic functional area, key resource development area and good ecologic area. We must implement the city ecologic environmental protection; form an urban green passage, an urban water body environment passage and an urban air environment passage. We shall realize the sustainable developments of society, economy and environment.
The long-term objective (to 2020) of the urban environmental protection: urban environment quality shall be fine; city layout shall be rational and conform to the general demand of city’s social and economic developments; ecologic environment shall have a virtuous cycle; city environment shall be beautiful and reach the goal of a harmonious coexisting of human being and nature.
Classification of water environment functional area
In accordance with the classification of water environment functional area at Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River, refer to Table 6.5-1 and Fig. 6.5-1.for detailed classification of water environment functional area.
Table 6.5-1 Classification of water environment functional area around Nantaidao Island Water Scope Water area Main function Sewage discharge quality goal standard (GB8978-96) Beigang Qiapu - Jiuhongshanqiao Category-B protection area Sewage discharge for drinking water source Class III forbidden Jiuhongshanqiao - the Minjiang Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge Bridge fishes standard The Minjiang Bridge – Category-B protection area Sewage discharge Sankongqiao for drinking water source forbidden Sankongqiao – Jiukongzha Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge fishes standard Jiukongzha - Rujiangkou Hybrid pollutant discharge Class-I sewage discharge area Class III standard Rujiangkou - Liujiang Village Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge fishes Class III standard Liujiang Village - Mawei Category-B protection area Sewage discharge Shipbuilding Plant for drinking water source forbidden Mawei Shipbuilding Plant - Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge Luoxingta fishes standard Nangang Huaian - Pukou Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge fishes Class III standard
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Pukou - Yingqianzha Category-B protection area Sewage discharge for drinking water source forbidden Yingqianzha - Baiyanta Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge fishes standard
Section from Sanxianzhou Bridge of Nanjiang Binlu to the west side of Jiangbianzhou is close to the Category-B protection area for drinking water source.
Classification of air environment functional area
In accordance with Fuzhou General City Environment Planning (2001~2020), functional area of the environmental air quality is divided into Category-A and Category-II. A buffer area (width 300m) is designed between Category-A and Category-II areas. Refer to Table 6.5-2 and Fig. 6.5-2 for classification of the functional area of the environmental air quality.
Table 6.5-2 Classification of the functional area of the environmental air quality at Fuzhou Name Main functions Area Class Implementation (Km2) of State standard Gushan and Guling Villa Scenic spot 7.6 area North suburb State forest Natural protection area 5.5 park Huaian and Jinshan scenic Scenic spot 4.2 Category-I Class 1 standard spot Other areas within the Category-II Class 2 standard administrative area 300m between Category-A Buffer area Class 1 standard and Category-B Nanjiang Binlu is beyond the scenic spots and buffer area, areas on both sides of the road are within the Category-B area.
Classification of noise environment functional area
(1) Classification of applicable environment noise area
At present, Fuzhou implements Classification of Applicable Environment Noise Area at Fuzhou’s Urban Area promulgated by the Fuzhou Municipal People’s Government in 1997. Applicable environment noise area at Fuzhou’s urban center is classified into 5 categories. Standard GB3096- 93 Urban Area Environment Noise Standard is implemented. Category-0 standard is applicable to convalescence area, high-grade villa area and high-grade hotel area where require special quietness; 5dB that is higher than category-0 standard is applicable to those areas in the suburb and countryside. Category-A standard is applicable to residence community, cultural and educational areas, this standard is also applicable to countryside residence environment. Category-B standard is applicable to a mixed area of residence, commerce and industry. Category-C standard is applicable to industrial area. Category-D standard is applicable to areas on both sides of the urban trunk road and areas on both banks of the river channel passing through the urban area, this standard is also applicable to the limited value of the background noise (means the noise level at the time without train passing by) at the areas on both sides of the primary and secondary trunk railways passing through the urban area.
environmentprotect 46 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
In accordance with the classification of applicable environment noise area Fuzhou’s City Environment Planning , Nantaidao Island is divided into 4-category areas. Refer to Fig. 6.5-3 for details.
Category-I area: Jinshan educational area and Changan educational area. Nanjiang Binlu does not affect those areas; Category-III area: Jinshan investment area and Chengmen investment area. The noise environment at those areas is not affected by noise impact of Nanjiang Binlu; only Gangtouzhou industrial area is related with Nanjiang Binlu; Category-IV area: Primary and secondary trunk roads. It relates to Cangqianlu and both sides of Guanhailu; Category-II area: Areas on both sides of Nanjiang Binlu. Except Gangtouzhou industrial area implements category-D standard, the rest areas implement category-B standard.
Objective of ecologic environmental protection
An ecologic environmental protection policy shall be carried out on construction of the key ecologic functional area, key resource development area and good ecologic area. Great importance shall be attached to the urban ecologic environmental protection, constructions of the city green passage, city water body environment passage, city air environment passage, creation of a beautiful city environment landscape.
By 2005, the green coverage of the newly built area shall reach 35% and vegetation of the natural protection area shall reach 8%.
Social Environment Number of population and communities
Fuzhou governs 5 districts, 2 municipalities and 6 counties. 5 districts are Gulou District, Taijiang District, Cangshan District, Jinan District and Mawei District; 2 municipalities are Fuqing and Changle; and 6 counties are Minhou County, Lianjiang County, Luoyuan County, Minqing County, Yongtai County and Pingtan County, with a total population 5.8313 million, out of which urban population (5 districts) is 1.4540 million.
Nantaidao Island is positioned in the south of Fuzhou urban area. After restructuring, Cangshan District’s area covers the whole Nantaidao Island, governing Jianxin Town, Gaishan Town, Chengmen Town, Cangshan Town, Luozhou Town, 7 streets, 35 community offices, 36 subdistrict committees, 112 administrative villages, covering an area of 142km2, with a population 360,860, out of which urban population is 187,700 and farmer population is 164,300.
Current situation of land resource development and utilization of Nantaidao Island
Nantaidao Island has a rich land resource of various types, covering a total area of 142km2.
Cangshan Town has the highest land utilization rate of 99.27% and Chengmen Town has the lowest land utilization rate of 90.17%.
environmentprotect 47 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
The developed land of the District covers 7896.33 hectares, consisting of cultivated farmland, orchard, forest and grassland, and farming water area, accounting for 59.7%, the largest area is at Jianxin Town. Non-farm land covers 5330.47 hectares, consisting of residences, industry, mines, traffic and non- farming water area, accounting for 40.3%, the largest area is at Cangshan Town. Proportion of farmland for orchard ranks first (41.7%), then comes farming water area (32%). Undeveloped area is 980.83 hectares, accounting for 6.9% of the District’s total area, out of which wasteland is 768.78 hectares, accounting for 78.38% of the unutilized land; ridge area is 120.11 hectares, accounting for 2.25%; bare area is 58.23 hectares, accounting for 5.94%; other area accounts for a very small proportion. Towns with larger unutilized areas are Chengmen Town, Jianxin Town and Gaishan Town.
Current situation of surface water development and utilization
Average runoff of the Minjiang River for years is about 56.1 billion cubic meters. Average runoff depth at Fuzhou section is 500~1500mm, out of which average runoff depth at urban area is 680mm. The annual water production capacity is 26 million cubic meters, a per capita amount of 1954 cubic meters. But guest water of the Minjiang River is very big, so Fuzhou has a rich fresh water resource, a per capita amount of 12,500 cubic meters, ranking second among 14 coastal open cities. At Current, water supply facilities of Cangshan District are: Chengmen Water Plant, Yixu Water Plant and Nanqu Water Plant. Chengmen Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 60,000T/day; Yixu Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 21,000T/day and Nanqu Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 30,000~40,000T/day. In addition, there are various self- provided industrial water sources. It is estimated that the annual water supply capacity could reach 48 million tons.
Current communications situation
Nantaidao Island is positioned in the south gateway of Fuzhou, enjoys a favorable geographic environment and a quite accessible traffic. There are 9 bridges connecting other parts of the city. It is at the starting point of No.324 State highway and the entrance of Tongsan Highway. No.316 and No.324 State Highways pass through the territory. It has a developed highway network; east side is 7.6 nautical mile to Harbor Mawei; south side is 56 nautical miles and 96 nautical miles to Harbor Songxia, Changle and to Harbor Jianyin, Fuqing respectively. Pitou harbor area at the northeast part of the island and on the south bank of The Minjiang River is being prepared for construction. Fuzhou Changle International Airport is 35km to the District and Yixu airport in its territory has domestic flights.
General planning of Nantaidao Island Nature of Nantaidao Island
On the basis of Nantaidao Island’s current conditions, Fuzhou’s General Planning and future development need, nature of Nantaidao Island shall be: “on the basis of consolidating existing cultural and educational functions, try hard to cultivate 4 functional areas - hi-tech industries, high-grade residences, commercial and trade center and tourism”, build Nantaidao Island into a new garden-type modern ecologic urban area with distinct differences from the central Gulou and Taijiang Districts but with its own unique style.
The positioning of the commercial and trade center will focus on development of various wholesale market and warehouse; tourism will focus on sightseeing.
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Development scale of Nantaidao Island
The planned population for 2005 is 413,440, that for 2010 is 538,200 and for 2020 is 800,000.
Overall structure and functional layout Overall structure
Based on the planned central city structure as stated in Fuzhou‘s General Planning and according to new planned scale, it shall adopt block-type structure that is divided into 5 districts - Jinshan, Jianxin, Cangshan, Gaishan and Chengmen. Refer to Table 3.5-1 for each district’s function and size (in 2020).
Table 0-1 Each district’s function and size of Nantaidao Island Planned districts Population Function (10,000) Jinshan 16.66 High grade residential community, cultural and educational area Jianxin 16.76 Cultural and educational area, residential community Cangshan 22.17 Central area, cultural and educational area Gaishan 14.24 Hi-tech park Chengmen 10.17 Hi-tech park and tourism Subtotal 80
Functional layout
(1) Urban center and commercial and trade area A 1-center and 4-sub-centers system is designed on the Island. The center is positioned between Jiefang Bridge of Nanjiang Binlu and the third bridge of The Minjiang River, and both sides of Nantai Dadao. 4 sub-centers are respectively positioned at Jinshan, Jianxin, Gaishan and Chengmen. Nantaidao Island commercial and trade center is at Shangshanlu, Liuyi Nanlu and Nantai Dadao, covering an area of 6.7 hectares.
(2) Tourist and entertainment area Along Luozhou and south side of Chengmen, on the basis of tourist development along the river, utilization of rich natural and folk customs, it shall build a cultural and tourist zone along the river, which shall extend from Wanxiang to Pitou harbor area in the east. It shall develop the tourist resources surrounding Huaxia Shijiyuan, Zhonghua Water Cultural Town, Ancient Luozhou Town and Yixu Beach (the planning suggests that a film producing city should be built), thus forming a beautiful cultural and tourist zone with rich activities along the river.
(3) Hi-tech industrial area On the basis of Cangshan SciTech park area, Gaishan investment area and Chengmen investment area, it shall expand land tenure, optimize structure and construct hi-tech industrial area. It is planned to arrange 713-hectare land for construction of the industrial parks, including 113 hectares at Puxiazhou, 53 hectares at Cangshan SciTech Park, 133 hectares at Gaishan investment area, 73.3 hectares at Chengmen, 120 hectares at Guozhai, 100 hectares at Luxia and 127 hectares at Panyu.
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(4) Cultural and educational area It shall perfect Shoushan cultural and educational area, develop Feifengshan cultural and educational area, reserve Huaian and Luozhou cultural and educational area, and intensify the function of Nantaidao Island as a base for Fuzhou’s culture, education and scientific research.
(5) High grade residential community Residential communities mainly concentrate at Jinshan and Jianxin. Jinshan shall be built mainly with high-grade residential communities, especially along Wulongjiang River, and Minjiang River. garden- type communities and approved villa communities shall be built there. Jianxin shall be built mainly with economic residences or other general residences, but construction at the new areas shall adhere to relatively high standard.
(6) Jinshan ecologic industrial park It is located on the north of Jinshan Dadao and on the south of Xishan. It is divided into west area, middle area and east area on the boundaries of Hongwanlu and Jianxin Dadao, covering a total area of 360.73 hectares. With the support of high learning institutions and scientific institutes, focusing on IT, biotechnology, integration of electromechanics and new materials, Jianxin Industrial Zone shall strive to develop network technology, photoelectric technology, automation, intelligent digital products, fine chemicals, bioengineering and marine technology; introduce intelligence and technologies; promote Fuzhou’s three pillar industries of electronics, mechanics and light industry to develop in scale, intensive enterprise and hi-tech, so as to form a urban industrial structure with hi-tech, high added- value, low energy consumption and low pollution.
(7) Land-use-planning beyond urban construction land tenure Nantaidao Island has a total area of 142km2. Beside urban construction land tenure, other land tenure (except the airport) shall mainly focus on the development of high and fine agriculture and sightseeing farm. Production of vegetables, fruits and flowers shall be the key products thus maintaining its feature of “one hundred flowers garden”. Farm production shall closely combine with tourism, orchard and grassland, thus making it become an important integral part of the new modern urban area
Nantaidao Island environment planning General objective of environmental protection
The general objective of environmental protection for 2005: environment pollution and ecologic environment damage on the island are under control, and environment quality is somewhat improved. A policy of “one-control, two-reach-standard and improvement” is implemented on water environment pollution. Pollution treatment and technologic improvement are performed by key enterprises. Total water pollutant discharge volume shall be controlled. Construction of Jinshan sewage treatment plant shall be completed in 2005. “Green Hill and Clean Water” project shall be performed. Green area per capita shall be increased. It shall coordinate with Fuzhou’s plan to reach State environmental protection model city standard in 2002. It shall gradually coordinate the environment with economic and social developments so as to lay a good foundation for realizing the goal of a virtuous cycle of the ecologic system and becoming a city with a clean, beautiful and tranquil environment.
The general objective of environmental protection for 2010: urban layout and industrial structure shall be rationally restructured; environmental quality shall be greatly improved; river water quality shall be notably improved; pollutant shall be treated centrally; daily garbage shall be completely treated
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harmlessly, and resource utilization shall become more scientific. Development shall be focused on hi- tech industries, scientific research, culture and education, commerce, tourism and high-grade residences so as to realize a coordinated development of environment, economy and society, and basically realize a virtuous cycle of urban ecologic system.
General objective of environmental protection for 2020: water environment pollution shall be fundamentally resolved; air quality shall be fine, noise pollution shall be effectively controlled; daily garbage treatment shall be reclaimed, industrialized and harmless. Biology shall be diversified and rich; the whole island’s ecologic environment shall enter a virtuous cycle; it shall realize sustainable social and economic developments on the basis of the environment and resource capacity, and reach the objective of constructing Nantaidao Island into a modern ecologic garden-type urban area of Fuzhou.
Classification of environmental functional area
(1) Classification of water environment functional area According to classification of water environment functional area at Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River, refer to Table 3.6-1 and Fig. 3.5-1 for detailed classification of water environment functional area on Nantaidao Island.
Table 0-1 Classification of water environment functional area around Nantaidao Island Water Range Main functions Water Sewage discharge standard area quality (GB8978-96) goal Qiapu - Jiu Hongshanqiao Category-B protection area Sewage discharge forbidden for drinking water source Class 3 North Jiu Hongshanqiao - the Protection area for general Class 1 sewage discharge standard terminal Minjiang Bridge fishes The Minjiang Bridge - Category-B protection area Sewage discharge forbidden Sankongqiao for drinking water source Sankongqiao - Protection area for general Class 1 sewage discharge standard Jiukongzha fishes Jiukongzha - Rujiangkou Hybrid pollutant discharge Class 1 sewage discharge standard area Rujiangkou - Liujiang Protection area for general Class 1 sewage discharge standard Village fishes Class 3 Liujiang Village - Mawei Category-B protection area Sewage discharge forbidden Shipbuilding Plant for drinking water source Mawei Shipbuilding Plant Protection area for general Class 1 sewage discharge standard - Luoxingta fishes South Huaian - Pukou Protection area for general Class 1 sewage discharge standard terminal fishes Class 3 Pukou - Yingqianzha Category-B protection area Sewage discharge forbidden for drinking water source Yingqianzha - Baiyanta Protection area for general Class 1 sewage discharge standard fishes Section from Sanxianzhou Bridge of Nanjiang Binlu to the west side of Jiangbianzhou is close to the Class II protection area for drinking water source.
(2) Classification of air environment functional area According to Fuzhou Urban Environment Planning (2001-2020), functional area of the environment air quality on Tainandao Island is divided into Category-A and Category-B areas. A
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buffer area of (width 300m) is designed between Category-A and Category-B areas. Refer to Table 3.6-2 and Fig. 3.5-2 for classification of environment air quality functional area at Tainandao Island.
Table 0-2 Classification of environment air quality areas at Tainandao Island Name Main Area Category Implementation standard function (Km2) Huaian and Jinshan Scenic spots 4.2 Category-A State Class 1 standard scenic spots 1 Other areas within the Category-B State Class 2 standard administrative area 300 between Class I and Buffer area State Class I standard Class II areas
Since the Phase-II project of the Third Ring Road and Nanjiang Binlu are all outside of the scenic spot and buffer area, both sides of the two roads are all within the Category-B area.
(3) Classification of Noise environment function area According to noise environment standard as stated in Fuzhou Urban Environment Planning , Nantaidao Island may be classified into 4 kinds: Class I area: Jinshan educational area and Changanshan educational area, which are not affected by the two roads; Class III area: Jinshan investment area and Chengmen investment area, the Phase-II project of the Third Ring Road will not pass those two areas, but only pass by the Lianjiang Industrial Zone aside Linpu Village, this section can implement Class III standard; Class IV area: primary and secondary trunk roads, related areas are Cangqianlu and both sides of Guanhailu; and Class II area: the Phase-II project of the Third Ring Road and both sides of Nanjiang Binlu shall implement Class II standard. Refer to Fig. 3.5-3 for details.
Sensitive points of environmental protection
Environmental protection objective means objects that are conducive to impact of the project construction for environmental assessment, that is to say objects relatively sensitive to environmental impact derived from project construction, which are generally called sensitive points. Usually, sensitive points mean school, hospital, kindergarten, residential buildings, scientific research institutes, drinking water source, scenic spots and historic sites within the environmental assessment.
Sensitive point distribution of Nanjiang Binlu Project According to site investigation along the line, sensitive point distribution of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu Project is shown on Table 3.7-1 and Fig. 3.7-1 3.7-4. Table 3.7-1 Sensitive points along Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu Project No. Name Mileage Distance to red line Size On south of line, 184 households (14 wood houses of 2 storeys, 8 wood houses of 3 Residence at .5 2m to south storeys, 4 brick-tile houses of 4 storeys, 6 1 K0+000 K1+630 Cangqianlu side brick-tile houses of 5 storeys, 40 brick-tile houses of 6 storeys, 4 brick-tile houses of 7 storeys, 1 brick-tile houses of 8 storeys) Yinghua English 2 K1+445 K1+476 3m to south side south of line School 3 Anlan Club K1+593 K1+614 2m to south side south of line Taipingyan City south of line, 232households(1 concrete 3 K1+630 K1+850 19.5m to south side Community structured building of 10 storeys, 2 concrete
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structured buildings of 26 storeys, 2 concrete structured buildings of 27 storeys) Residence along No.2 The K2+145 K2+235 1 7m to south of 4 Minjiang 37 households line Bridge Paper Mill Fanchuanpu 5 K2+235 K2+315 Passes by north side South of line Catholic Church GK0+000 GK0+37 1.5 7.5m to east 44 households 0 side Residence on east GK0+425 GK0+68 5m to east side 5 households 6 side of 5 Qianheheng Nanlu GK0+715 GK1+09 east side5m 154 households (Jinpu Residential 0 Community under construction) GK0+000 GK0+37 1 27.5m to west 46households Residence on west 0 side 7 side of GK0+425 G 7 12m to west side 20households Qianheheng Nanlu K0+685
Line was planned to pass the Puxiazhou wetland, after preliminary overall assessment, in order to avoid impact during construction and operation, at the planned Qianheng Bridge, it shall use the alternative line of Qianheng Nanlu.
Historic reservation along Nanjiang Binlu is Fanchuanpu Catholic Church and Anlan Club. It shall pass by the north side of the Fanchuanpu Catholic Church. It is planed to demolish a dormitory building of the Catholic Church and the existing square will also be affected, so this section of road shall be evaluated and adjusted. Design of Anlan Club section was somewhat affected, but after adjustment, the Club will not be affected.
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Environmental protection sensitive points along phase-II project of the third ring road According to site investigation along the line, sensitive point distributions of Fuzhou phase-II project of the Third Ring Road and Nanjiang Binlu Project are shown on Table 3.7-2 and Fig. 3.7-5 3.7-17. Table 3.7-2 Environmental protection sensitive points along phase-II project of the Third Ring Road Distance to No. Name Mileage Remark road 1 Wanbian Village K0+000 K1+323 1 16.5m 38 households, on south side of the road (4 brick-tile structured houses of 1 storey, 6 houses of 2 storeys, 1 house of 1 storey) 17 households, on north side of the road (1 wood structured house of 1 storey, 3 brick-tile structured houses of 1 storey, 1 house 2 Shangqi Village K0+672 K0+777 1 17m of 2 storeys, 1 houses of 3 storeys) 9 75m 58 households, on south side of the road (8 brick-tile structured houses of 1 storey, 6 houses of 2 storeys, 3 houses of 3 storeys) 3 Yangqi Village K0+833 K1+217 1 16m 28 households, on north side of the road (3 brick-tile structured houses of 1 storey, 4 houses of 2 storeys, 1 house of 3 storeys) 35 households, on north side of the road (1 wood structured house of 2 storeys, 7 brick-tile structured houses of 1 storey, 2 4 Wushan Village K3+280 K3+655 14 36m houses of 2 storeys, 2 houses of 3 storeys) 5 Pushan Temple K3 410 K3 455 8m On north side of the road, Wufeng Village 6 K4 120 K4 150 Line passes An ecologic protection point (4 banyan trees) and a religious place of the Village Shigong Temple K4+200 K4+334 2.5 13m 22 households, on north side of the road (1 brick-tile structured house of 1 storey, 2 houses of 2 storeys, 2 houses of 3 storeys) 7 Wufeng Village K4+715 K4+791 22 47m 26 households, on north side of the road (1 brick-tile structured house of 1 storey, 3 houses of 2 storeys, 2 houses of 3 storeys) K4+515 K4+575 1 4.5 16 households, on south side of the road (2 brick-tile structured houses of 2 storeys, 1 house of 4 storeys) 8 Yixu water plant K4+575 K4+715 10m South side of the road is close to water plant, but 500m away to the inlet of the water plant 21 households, on north side of the road (1 wood structured house of 2 storeys, 6 brick-tile structured houses of 1 storey, 2 Pukou Xiazhou K6+750 K6+916 2 36m 9 houses of 2 storeys) Village K6+815 K6+870 1 13m 14 households, on south side of the road (5 brick-tile structured houses of 1 storey, 1 house of 2 storeys) 64 households, on north side of the road (2 wood structured houses of 1 storey, 2 houses of 2 storeys, 15 brick-tile structured K7+257 K7+823 1 18m Qianyuan Village, houses of 1 storey, 6 houses of 2 storeys, 4 houses of 3 storeys, 1house of 4 storeys) 10 Aoshan Village 31 households, on south side of the road (1 wood structured house of 1 storey, 5 brick-tile structured houses of 1 storey, 5 houses K7+173 K7+378 1 6m of 2 storeys) Fujian College of It was planned to pass through the north side of the school. In order to protect school environment, after being adjusted, red line 11 Information and K7+780 K7+935 passes by the building of the school. Technology 12 Duyuan Village K7+947 K8+158 3 53m 24 households, on south side of the road (2 brick-tile structured houses of 1 storey, 5 houses of 2 storeys)
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Among the sensitive points, Pushan Temple is municipality-level historic reservation; Shigong Temple at Wufeng Village is a religious place of the Village, since there are 4 ancient banyan trees, it is an ecologic sensitive point as well. Because the road would pass here, it is suggested that line should be adjusted so as to protect this sensitive point.
Environmental protection sensitive points along Kuiqi Bridge Project According to site investigation along the line, sensitive point distribution of Fuzhou Kuiqi Bridge Project is shown on Table 3.7-3 and Fig. 3.7-18 3.7-20. Table 3.7-3 Environmental protection sensitive points along Kuiqi Bridge Project Location Village Position Nature Size Channel 260m on the northwest Xindangzhou Xindangzhou and Puxiazhou are called side to wetland Puxiazhou wetland, belonging to ecological K12+000 K12+650 sensitive point North Kuiqi 1 8.5m to interchange Residence 42 households (10 brick-tile structured houses of bridge Village west 1 storey, 2 houses of 2 storeys, 1 house of 3 end storeys and 1 house of 4 storeys) 2 31.5m to interchange Residence 68 households(3 brick-tile structured houses of 1 north storey, 4 houses of 1 storeys, 7 houses of 13 storeys, and 1 wood structured house of 2 storeys) Interchange passes Kuiqi School with 250 pupils and 15 teachers shall be primary relocated. school Interchange passes Kuiqi One kindergarten shall be relocated, with 3 kindergarten classes of over 80 children and 6 teachers. Waitang 1.5 21m to interchange Residence 109 households (4 brick-tile structured houses of Village east 1 storey, 13 houses of 2 storeys, 2 buildings of 3 storeys, 2 buildings of 4 storeys, 2 buildings of 5 storeys; 1 wood structured house of 1 storey) South Linpu 102m to elevated viaduct Linpu battery An ancient battery belongs to district’s historic bridge Village northwest (K11+900) reservation end and 102m to elevated viaduct Linpu Water Daily water-pumping capacity of 3000-4000m3 Shaoqi northwest (K11+900) Plant Village 105m to elevated viaduct Linpu Stone A small stone pagoda of several meters high, but northwest (K11+900) Pagoda a district’s historic reservation 15m~50m to elevated Residence 12 buildings of 1~2 storeys viaduct northwest (K11+600 K1+720)
Fig. 3.7-18 is a residential community on the north end of the Bridge; along the approach of the interchange are many residential houses. Kuiqi Primary School and kindergarten are within the area of the interchange, which shall be relocated. Fig. 3.7-19 is the residence of Dishaoqi Village. Fig. 3.7-20 shows Xindangzhou, Duimianzhou (two places belong to Puxiazhou wetland); Linpu water plant (ancient battery) and Linpu Stone Pagoda; Linpu Ancient Battery and Linpu Stone Pagoda belong to district-level historic reservation.
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4 Assessment of Ecological Environment and Protective Measures 4.1 Terrestrial Ecological Environment 4.1.1 Current situation of plants along the ling area
Owing to the influence of human activities, the original vegetation in the area has disappeared long ago, being replaced by successive vegetation and artificial vegetation, the structure of which is rather monotonous with few species and low quality forests. The major tree species are the Chinese Red Pine (Pinus massoniana), Taiwan Acacia subtropics (Acacia confusa), Japanese Black Pine (Pinus thunbergii), Tea-oil Plant(Camellia oleifera), Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii), Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii), Phyllostachy makinoi, and Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens); the major fruit trees are tropical, subtropical and temperate zone fruits such as Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica), Citruses (Citrus spp.), and Longan (Dimocarpus longan); the major shrubs are Box-leaved Syzygium (Syzygium buxifolium), Downy Rose Myrtle (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa), Sea Bilberry (Vaccinium bracteatum), Indian Azalea (Rhododendron simsii), Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides), Chinese photinia (Photinia serrulata), Chinese Eurya (Eurya chinensis), Sapphireberry Sweetleaf (Symplocos paniculata), Black Cutch (Acacia catechu) and Manyflower Glorybower (Clerodendron cyrtophyllum); the dominant herbaceous species is the False Staghorn Fern (Dicranopteris linearis) with others like the Giant Chinese Silvergrass (Miscanthus floridulus), Elecampane (Inula cappa), Hirsute Arundinella (Arundinella hirta) and Common Lophantherum (Lophantherum gracile); of the creepers there are the Evergreen Wisteria (Millettia reticulata), Cherokee Rose (Rosa laevigata), Shiny-leaved Prickly Ash (Zanthoxylum nitidun), Japanese Hawthorn (Crataegus cuneata) and Common Indian Mulberry (Miranda umbellata); in addition can be found tree saplings of the Chinese Gugertree (Schima superba) and Sweetgum (Liquidambar formosana).
The forest coverage attained 19% for Nantaidao Island as of August 1999, being mostly concentrated in rolling and hilly areas. Landscaping construction in urban areas during the 9th Five-year Plan accomplished an increase of 418.65 hectares in greenery, planting 1 million shrub plants and turfing 516 thousand square meters. Utilized were 215.5 thousand bags of turfing material and 26 thousand pots of flowers in bloom. In all, 667.23 hectares of verdure were built, making the greenery rate 30.24%, with a 7.29-square meter per capita share of public green space.
4.1.2 Current situation of forest resources
Hilly land comprises about 65% of Nantaidao Island, resulting in a relative abundance of forest resources. Reforestation efforts revolving around the target of establishing an ecological and commercial forest system during the 9th Five-year Plan,, realized a 3-year "Fuzhou Green Barrier Restoration" project by forestation of 358.7 hectares; over the entire area 466.7 hectares were planted to forest, 278.7 hectares to fruit trees and 13 ecological forest and commercial forest areas were set up. The total forest area for the whole region as of August 1999 was 4259.3 hectares, representing a 19% forest coverage. The forest in the region can be classified as suburban type, mainly comprising shelter forest, commercial forest, and forest for special use. Forest species mainly consist of Chinese Red Pine and Taiwan Acacia, whereas commercial forests chiefly include Longan, Litchi, Chinese White Olive (Canarium album), Wampi (Clausena lansium), bamboo shoots and flowers, with ornamental plantation, White Jade Orchid Tree (Michelia alba) and Buddhist Bauhinia (Bauhinia variegata) to match.
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During the 10th Five-year Plan period, the forestry program of the Cangshan District for 2001 through 2005 is to allocate more than 4000 hectares for forestry usage, occupying 27% of the land acreage, of which 2933 hectares would be under forest. Arrangement will be made to subject 666.7 hectares of sparsely wooded and treeless land forming existing wasteland and sandbanks to forestation during this five-year period at a rate of 133.3 hectares per year, completing the whole 666.7 hectares at the end of five years. Commercial forest will be increased by 66.67 hectares annually to attain an aggregate of 333.3 hectares after five years and accounting for over 50% proportionally.
While keeping in mind the target of constructing ecological forests, the forestry agency of Canshan District will, after setting up ecological and commercial forests, proceed further with improving the management in the following three areas: augmenting forestry resources, intensifying forest fire- prevention and upgrading pest control. The program requires that after subtracting 60 hectares of forestland diverted to other uses and consumed in timber production, the annual net increase in forest area should be 73.33 hectares, representing net increase in forest coverage of 3%, which should by 2005 attain 21%. A yearly quota limit of 600 cubic meters for timber production, a 3.6-hectare forest fire damage allowable acreage, and a minimum 80% forest pest control target will be instituted.
4.1.3 Current situation in greenery construction
The total green surface built in the Nantaidao Island district is 695.77 hectares at present, of which public green space covers 153.09 hectares, exclusive green space (including green spaces in residential areas and those attached to units) 109.87 hectares, greenery devoted to production 29.1 hectares, green surface in scenic spots and famous sites 389.47 hectares, and roadside green space 14.24 hectares. The per capita share of public green space is 7.29 square meters, the green coverage ratio 34.65 and the green surface rate 30.24 .
4.1.4 Survey and assessment of ecological status along the road will be built
Green space along the Nanjiang Binlu has been completed, the landscaping of Cangqian Road being very good, where are planted chiefly Smallfruit Fig (Ficus microcarpa) with some Mango (Mangifera indica) and Buddhist Bauhinia; the remaining space consists mostly of demolished buildings with sparse sprinkling of trees.
Field inspection of the terrain and land contour, land utilization, fauna and flora along the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road has provided relevant information, the survey of the existing ecological status revealing that along the line are mainly Mandarine (Citrus reticulata) orchards with a small amount of agricultural fields and vegetable plots, the fields interspersed with some Banana (Musa acuminata), Longan and Pomegranate (Punica granatum) plantations. There is a man-made forest at Aoshan (also called Duyuanshan) with luxuriant tree growth, the major species being Taiwan Acacia, Chinese Red Pine and Smallfruit Fig (Ficus microcarpa). For the investigation and survey findings, see table 4.1-1.
On both sides of the viaduct at the southern end of the Kuiqi Bridge are cultivated fields, whereas at the northern end there are mostly demolished buildings with few trees.
Table 4.1-1 Ecological Investigation Findings along the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Jurisdiction Mileage Position Remarks Wanbian K0+000 K0+120 South side Vegetable plots
environmentprotect 57 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Village K0+140 K0+220 South side Longan, some Mandarine K0+030 K0+070 North side Mandarine orchard K0+130 K0+175 North side Mandarine orchard K0+195 K0+322 North side Mainly Mandarine orchards interspersed with banana, Longan and Pomegranate Shangqi K0+332 K0+420 North side Mandarine orchard Village K0+400 K0+840 South side Mandarine orchard K0+522 K0+543 North side Mandarine orchard K0+551 K0+840 North side Mandarine orchard K0+863 K0+920 North side Mandarine orchard Yangxia K0+932 K1+373 South side Mandarine orchard Village K1+204 K1+373 North side Mandarine orchard K1+060 K1+145 South side Mandarine orchard K1+145 K1+186 South side Pond Yangqi K1+186 K1+250 South side Meadow Village K1+250 K1+282 South side Mandarine and meadow few vegetable plots K1+352 K1+684 South side Mandarine orchard K1+684 K1+730 South side Vegetable plots, ponds K1+730 K2+235 South side Mandarine orchard K2+235 K2+360 South side Vegetable plots East of K2+360 K3+000 South side Mandarine orchard Mupaijiang K3+000 K3+115 South side Mainly sugarcane with some Mandarine orchards and dry land K1+425 K2+698 North side Mandarine orchard K2+741 K3+130 North side Mandarine orchard K3+340 K3+394 South side Fishpond K3+394 K3+505 South side Dry land Wushan K3+505 K3+700 South side Vegetable plots Village K3+870 K3+930 South side Mandarine orchard K3+510 K3+845 North side Vegetable plots K3+858 K3+914 North side Vegetable plots K4+100 K4+180 North side Mandarine orchard K4+250 K4+437 North side Mandarine orchard K4+420 K4+714 North side Mandarine orchard some vegetable on north side K4+710 K4+890 North side Water cistern K4+980 K5+050 North side Water cistern Wufeng K5+050 K5+283 North side Vegetable plots Village K5+305 K5+750 North side Mandarine orchard K4+516 K4+608 South side Pond K4+645 K5+496 South side Mandarine orchard K5+496 K5+526 South side Vegetable plots K5+526 K5+703 South side Mandarine orchard K5+784 K5+960 South side Mandarine orchard K6+341 K6+500 South side Vegetable plots West section K6+062 K6+080 North side Mandarine orchard of Difengjiang K6+080 K6+123 North side Dry land K6+123 K6+384 North side Vegetable plots K6+500 K6+655 North side Vegetable plots Pukouxiazhou K6+830 K7+050 North side Mandarine orchard Village K6+838 K6+983 South side Mandarine orchard Qianyuan K7+093 K7+250 North side Mandarine orchard
environmentprotect 58 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Village K7+320 K7+390 South side Jasmine garden and small dunes Aoshan K7+660 K8+180 North side Mandarine orchard Village Aoshan (also K8+200 K8+550 By north Main tree species: Taiwan Acacia, called slope hilltop Chinese Red Pine, Smallfruit Fig Duyuanshan) on south with a few Camphor Trees Duyuan K8+500 K8+620 North side Mandarine orchard Village K8+240 K8+660 South side Mandarine orchard Southern part K10+180 K10+940 North side Paddy fields of Huangshan K10+720 K10+940 South side Pig Farms Village Linpu Village K11+536 K12+474 Both sides Paddy fields and Shaoqi Village
4.2 Current status of aquatic ecology at the Kuiqi River reaches
The following information on migrant fishes and crabs as well as aquaculture on the lower reaches of the Minjiang River (including the Kuiqi reaches) is furnished by the Fuzhou Municipal Marine and Fishery Bureau.
1 Migrant Fishes and Crabs on the Lower Reaches of the Minjiang River
1) Freshwater Eel. The impact on the eel population is seen mainly from November through March of the following year, when the adult eels starting November successively swim from fresh water to the ocean to spawn., eggs hatch out and develop into elvers, after which they ascend rivers before March the next year to live in fresh water; according to data, each year the quantity of elvers caught at the estuary of the Minjiang River is about 2-3 tons.
2) Chinese Mitten-handed Crab (Eriocheir sinensis). The impact is seen chiefly each year in November to December and May to June. Parent Chinese Mitten-handed crabs from October each year start moving towards the sea to breed, where they spawn; the eggs hatch out and develop into swimming baby crabs that commence to swim towards fresh-water mainly in November to December of each year.
2 Asiatic Clam Farming at the Kuiqi River Reaches The water area south of the proposed site for building the Kuiqi Bridge is a natural Asiatic clam breeding ground. Besides, the local people have 720 mu Asiatic clam farms, which Lianjiang Village, Shaoqi Village, Shishan Village, Fulian Village, Zhangyu Village, villages belonging to Chengmen Town of Cangshan District, also have.
4.3 Status of Minjiang River Estuarine Wetlands 4.3.1 Distribution and Types of Minjiang River Estuarine Wetlands
Based on the definition in the 1971 Global intergovernmental
environmentprotect 59 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City the water depth does not exceed 6 meters at low tide. Accordingly, this survey identified the following types of wetlands: rivers, lakes, reservoirs, paddy fields, canals, pools and tidal zones.
The estuarine region of the Minjiang River extends from Minhoujuqi on the east to Lianjiangshi Island on the west. The range of the survey included coastal areas along the Minjiang River estuary and the Fuzhou plain, with total wetland area of 467.7 square km, which included riverside wetland about 230.8 sq km, occupying roughly 49.4% of the total wetland area; reservoirs 1.797 sq km, taking up about 0.4% of the total; paddy fields 204.883 sq km, about 43.8% of total; other wetlands about 30.126 sq km, accounting for approximately 6.4% of the total wetland area.
The Minjiang River estuary is a riverside beach and sandbank wetland and, extending from Minhouzhuqi to the mouth of the Minjiang River, consists of wetland formed by 7 pieces of sandbank beach, which starting upstream from the river mouth are:
Shanyutan Wetland: extending from Meihua Town of Changle City at the Minjiang River mouth to Tantou Town, the wetland mainly consisting of sand beach, aquatic grass mud bank and a mid-river sandbank planted to Horsetail Tree (Casuarina equisetifolia);
Bianfuzhou Wetland: situated at Houyu Township, the ecological environment chiefly consisting of sandy mud flats, paddy fields and river bend depressions.
Daoqingzhou Wetland: Daoqingzhou is situated at Yangxia Village in the suburbs of Fuzhou, the nearby Mahang Sandbank having on it paddy fields and Common Reed (Phragmites communis) growth.
Luqizhou Wetland: situated to the northeast of Chengmen Town of Fuzhou in the north harbor of the Minjiang River, consisting mainly of sandbanks, most of which becomes inundated at high tide, and partly made up of grassy mud flats.
Puxiazhou (including Xindangzhou) Wetland: situated in the north harbor to the northeast of Cangshan District, having a diverse ecological environment with sandbanks and grassy mud banks;
Tajiaozhou Wetland: situated at the Niaolong River on the north side of Menhouqian Town. Here are large stretches of sand beach and mud flat, which are partly planted to sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), rice (Oryza sativa), and large numbers of Asiatic Clams (Corbicula fluminea) are farmed on the mud flats.
Changanzhou Wetland: situated on the south bank of the Minjiang River towards the northeast of Zhuqi Township of Minhou County, on which grow mainly graminaceous grasses interspersed with herbaceous plants of the families Ranunculaceae, Cyperaceae, Juncaceae and Compositae.
4.3.2 Current Status of Utilization of Minjiang River Estuarine Region
The Minjiang River estuarine region has been developed and utilized all along, playing immense role in general fish protection, navigation, potable water source, piers in the harbor area, environment ecological protection and conservation, that is, exhibiting multi-functional effect of a wetland.
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However, concomitant with the rapid growth of economy in the area and continuous population increase, the pressure to utilize the wetlands has been getting greater and greater, and as a consequence the wetland area (especially the Hemantan Wetland) and biodiversity in the region surveyed has been decreasing unremittingly. The deterioration of the ecological environment is regional compelling us to adopt effective protection, in order to realize better development and utilization of the wetlands so as to fully demonstrate their ecological function.
At present the water area in our region has been basically developed and utilized, and the riverside beaches and sandbanks also to varying degrees. In recent years, the exploitation of wetland has been especially intense, for instance, large expanses of wetland in Juyuanzhou has been reclaimed for industrial park usage, with only about 200km2 riverside wetland on the periphery (from Juyuanzhoute Bridge to the south of Pushang Road) being reserved for the "Niaolongjiang Wetland Park"; reclamation dikes are now being built upstream of Puxiazhou; most of Makangzhou has already been filled in with sand; extensive dike-building is in progress at Bianfuzhou; on the south of Shanyutan farming of tidal zone fish is being done and on the sandbank ducks are being raised. Land reclamation on the river beaches and development of mid-stream sandbanks, not only progressively reduce the cross-section of the estuary, but also cause many bird species to lose their habitat. Lakes and ponds in the area are being constantly filled-in, many streams and canals in the city are getting narrower, disappearing or even becoming cut-off, or exceeding building space to become "hidden river", with resultant loss or gross decrease of ecological function.
4.4 Major Animal Species in the Wetlands of the Minjiang River Estuary 4.4.1 Bird Species 4.4.1.1 Faunal Composition
The Minjiang River estuarine wetlands are situated in the middle of Fujian Province and close to the East China Sea. It belongs to the eastern hilly terrain sub-realm of the Central China zoogeographic realm and overlap with the Fujian-Guangdong-Coastal sub-realm of the South China realm. There are 118 species of birds in this sub-realm, among which 79 species or 67% belong to the Palaearctic realm, 23 species or 19% to the Oriental realm, and 16 species of 14% to the cosmopolitan realm. Since these wetlands are situated at the juncture of Central Asia tropical and South Asia tropical zones and at the same time located at the estuary at the lower reaches of the Minjiang River, many species of bird that breed in Europe and Asia migrate to these wetland to pass the winter because of the climate and food available. Thus, the majority of bird species being of the Palaearctic realm is a feature of these wetlands.
As to species (summer time migratory birds and resident birds) that breed here, there are 22 species that belong to the Oriental realm, 8 to the Cosmopolitan realm and 1 to the Palaearctic realm, demonstrating the predominant breeding species are from the Oriental realm. Most of these birds overwinter in localities south of the wetlands, and species that occur together with species belonging to the South China Realm are Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Great Egret (Egretta alba), Chinese Egret (Egretta eulophotes),Black-winged Kite (Elanus caeruleus), Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), Black-capped Kingfisher (Halcyon pileata), Small Skylark (Alauda gulgula), and thus it can be seen that our wetland avifauna composition contains birds both from the south and the north.
4.4.1.2 Avifauna Composition
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Special features of the avifauna: the estuarine wetlands of the Minjiang River harbor 72 species of Winter migratory birds, 12 species of Summer migratory birds, 19 species of resident birds, and 15 species of transient migratory birds; thus it can be seen that Winter migratory species form the main body of our wetland Avifauna component. In these wetlands are 83 species of water birds, accounting for 70% of the total number of species. They include Little Grebe (Podiceps ruficollis), Spot-billed Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis), Gray Heron (Ardea cinerea), Chinese Egret, Bean Goose (Anser fabalis), Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), Spotbill Duck (Anas poecilorhyncha), Green-winged Teal (Anas crecca), Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), Kentish Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus), Eurasian Curlew (Numenius arquata) and Greenshank (Tringa nebularia). Among them 45 species are wading birds and 38 species swimming birds.
Dominant Group Species: of the number of species in the Avifauna composition mentioned above, wild geese and ducks together with plovers and curlews occur in absolute predominance, congregating in these wetland to pass the winter. The largest flocks of wild geese and ducks may number over 10 thousand, the species being chiefly Mallard, Spotbill Duck, Green-winged Teal, Bean Goose and Swan Goose (Anser cyngnoides), which congregate on sandy mud flats and grassy sandbanks near water bodies. Next in number come the wading birds, such as Great Egret, Gray Heron, Chinese egret, Kentish Plover, Eurasian Curlew, Greenshank; these birds forage widely over the tidal zone, congregating on high ground at high tide and this group of birds may exceed several thousand individuals.
Bird species of economic value: of the 118 species of birds in these wetlands, those intimately related to man number over 40 species, such as Bean Goose, Swan Goose, Mallard, Spotbill Duck as well as herons and allies. These birds are of large size and numerous in numbers, their vividly coloured contour feathers can be made into items of art; their down feathers being light, soft and with very strong insulating property, are excellent stuffing material for making pillows, cushions, blankets; these uses, plus the deliciousness of their meat, have made them the chief target for hunting and capture. Besides the above, Chinese fishermen often domesticate the common cormorant for catching fish; the osprey and other raptors as well as herons and egrets prey on rodents, playing an important role in maintaining ecological equilibrium. In view of the above, we can appropriately attract and utilize these bird species so as to realize sustainable utilization of wild bird resources.
4.4.1.3 Special Features of Wetland Bird Habitation and Migration
Minjiang estuarine wetlands are close to the sea, with an extensive area, intricate and diversified ecological environment, luxuriant growth of mud-adapted plants, and abound with bivalves, crustaceans, fishes and shrimps that live in the water area, thus attracting tens of thousands of wild geese, ducks and wading birds, which congregate here in spectacular numbers to pass the winter and rest. These birds live and forage among the many wetlands, between which they fly to and fro in response to the ebb and flow of the tides.
Anseriforms such as Bean Goose, Mallard, Spotbill Duck and Green-winged Teal reside on sand beaches and mud flats where they feed during the day on fishes, shrimps, crustaceans and other aquatic animals, then at dusk they would fly to farmland located inland or on reclaimed land to forage, returning in the early morning to their original habitat.
Wading birds such as Gray Heron, Chinese Egret, Greenshank, Eurasian Curlew and Kentish Plover, also act in response to the ebb and flow of the tide; at ebb tide they feed on benthic animals such as
environmentprotect 62 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City bivalves, crabs, small fishes and shrimps, and at high tide they retreat to gather on nearby sand beach or mud flat elevations.
Water birds such as Common Cormorant, Black-headedshag Gull (Larus rudibundus) and Least Tern (Sterna albifrons) constantly forage on the water area; at high tide and in rough weather, gulls and terns floating on the seas scurry to fly back to these wetlands.
Predatory birds like the Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo), Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus), Black- winged Kite (Elanus caeruleus) and Osprey, hover in the air above the wetlands or perch on trees searching for prey during daytime, and fly to trees near the wetlands for rest at night.
Birds from along local coast such as the Oriental Tree-Pipit (Anthus hodgsoni). Richard’s Pipit (Anthus novaeseelandiae), White Wagtail (Notacilla alba), Black-headed Shrike (Lanius schach), Chinese Bubul (Pycnonotus sinensis), Spotted Dove (Streptopelia chinensis), Common Magpie (Pica pica), Crested Myna (Acridotheres cristatellus) and Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) are also occasionally seen on the wetlands.
Winter migrants: Birds sequentially migrate from localities in Europe and Asia in October to pass the winter here, and will return to their original breeding place in April the following year; such species include Great-crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus), Bean Goose, Mallard, Spotbill Duck, Green-winged Teal, Greenshank and Kentish Plover.
Passing migrants: Birds consecutively migrate from the northern areas to this place in September and, after a transient stay, continue their southward journey then returning to their original breeding places in March of the following year; such species include Purple Heron (Ardea purpurea), Eastern Collared Pratincole (Glareola maldivarum), Swinhoe’s Snipe (Gallinago megala), Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus), Little Ringed Plover (Charadrius dubius) and Pheasant-tailed Jacana (Hydrophasianus chirurgus).
Summer migrants: Birds migrate from the south to this place in March, nest and breed on trees near these wetlands, then returning to the south in October; these include Great Egret (Egretta alba), Intermediate Egret (Egretta intermedia), Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Chinese Little Bittern (Ixobrychus sturmil) and Cinnamon Bittern (Ixobrychus cinnamomeus); some of these summer migrants, such as Chinese Egret (Egretta eulophotes) and Chinese Pond-Heron (Ardeola bacchus) can be seen on our wetlands all the year round, in fact becoming resident birds.
Resident birds: These are species that can be encountered in these wetlands throughout the year, e.g., Black-headed Shrike, Chinese Bubul, Black-collared Starling (Sturnus nigricollis), Crested Myna, Spotted Dove, Common Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) and White-Breasted Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis).
4.4.1.4 Major Wetland Sites on the Minjiang Estuary Region Where Birds Can Survive Numerous mud flats form the wetland that exist on the Min Jiang estuary, extending from Minhouzhuqi to the mouth of the river.Since wetland birds depend on this environment, they fly to and fro between the different sandbanks and mud flats, so that these wetland become important sites for the birds to reside and forage. According to our survey and investigation, the biggest habitats for birds in the Min Jiang estuary region are wetland located at Shanyutan, Bianfuzhou, Puxiazhou, Luqizhou, Daoqingzhou, Tajiaozhou and
environmentprotect 63 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Changanzhou, these places being the major congregating and dispersing site for birds at present. 4.4.1.4.1 Important Sites for Survival of Wetland Birds Shanyutan Wetland: this is situated at the Min Jiang estuary, extending from Meihua Town to Tantou Town of Changle City, and consists of sand beaches, water grass mud flats and a centrally located sand bank planted to horsetail tree. Razor clams (Sinonovacula constricta) and Barred Mudskippers (Periphthalmus vulgaris) are farmed on the mud flats and, together with naturally occurring benthic animals such as bivalves, crustaceans, fishes and shrimps, make up a bountiful animal resource. The huge number of birds seen here is a rare sight in other parts of the Min Jiang river basin, tens of thousand of bird make their habitat here, among them the most frequently encountered are: Common Cormorant, Spotbill Duck, Green-winged Teal, Gray Heron, Chinese Egret, Greenshank, Eurasian Curlew, Kentish Plover, Black-headed Gull and Least Tern.
Bianfuzhou Wetland: situated at Houyu Township, the ecological environment chiefly consisting of sandy mud flats, paddy fields and river bend depressions. Owing to the building of embankment, land reclamation and filling in of the waterway, the ecological environment is being damaged. The bird species frequently seen here are Chinese Egret, Gray heron, Black-headed Gull, Spotted Dove, White- breasted Kingfisher and Skylark (Alauda arvensis); at dusk or at high tide many wild geese and ducks fly here to forage and Curlews often congregate at this site.
Luqizhou Wetland: situated to the northeast of Chengmen Town of Fuzhou in the north harbor of the Men River, consisting mainly of sandbanks, most of which becomes inundated at high tide, and partly made up of grassy mud flats.Fish, shrimp and Asiatic clam abound here, making the place an important habitat for anseriforms and wading birds to forage and reside. The species often seen are Chinese Egret, Gray Heron, Green-winged Teal, Spotbill Duck, Greenshank, Common Sandpiper (Tringa hypoleucos) and Kentish Plover.
Daoqingzhou Wetland: situated at Yangxiacun of Fuzhou suburbs, it is near to Mahangzhou, a sandbank with farmland and reed bed; here exists an abundance of crab and Asiatic clam, and every year in Spring and Autumn several hundreds of passing migrants such as Whimbrel come to this place. The habitat of birds has incurred severe damage and disruption due to removal of sand and earth-filling plus excessive catching of fish, shrimp and crab by the villagers. According to survey before 1980, there used to be several thousand of wild geese and ducks and huge numbers of sandpipers gather to forage on the mud flats. Today the species frequently seen are Gray Heron, Chinese Pond-Heron, Chinese Egret, Greenshank, Common Sandpiper, Kentish Plover ans Green-winged Teal.
For details of Puxiazhou (including Xindangzhou) wetland site, see section below.
Tajiaozhou Wetland: situated at Niaolongjiang on the northern side of Minhouxiang Town, here exist large expanse of sand beach and mud flat; on part of the sand bank are planted crops like sugarcane and rice, and large quantities of Asiatic clams are cultured here. According to survey before 1980, tens of thousands of waterfowl and sandpipers and curlews arrive here to pass the winter; at ebb tide they would gather here and at high tide, some continue to float around whereas others flock to grassy mud flats or cropland on the sand banks. After 1990, due to excessive harvesting of baby eels, numerous nets cast on the watercourse and increased human activity, the birds become deprived of quiet surroundings needed for foraging and roosting. At present the species often encountered are Chinese Egret, Gray Heron, Spotbill Duck, Green-winged Teal as well as birds of prey.
Changanzhou Wetland: This is situated on the south bank of Min Jiang to the northeast of Zhuqixiang, Minhou County. Forest near the river bank consists mainly of Swamp Mahogany (Eucalyptus robusta), Taiwan Acacia, and Horsetail Tree; herbaceous plants on the meadows are chiefly of the families
environmentprotect 64 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Ranunculaceae, Cyperaceae, Juncaceae and Compositae, which grow scattered about among the grass; also it should be noted that a plant closely protected by the Province - Chinese ladiestresses (Schizandra chinensis)- has a large patch of growth here.In the meadows can be found abandoned fishponds and cisterns; in the tidal zone one can see aquatic creatures like Asiatic clam, crab and fish; towards the middle are cultivated fields planted to rice, sweet potato and fruits. The bird species distributed here are chiefly shorebirds like Spotted Dove, Common Magpie, Great Tit (Parus major), Oriental Tree-Pipit and Black-collared Starling; Wading birds like Chinese Egret, Green Sandpiper (Tringa ochropus) and Common Sandpiper (Tringa hypoleucos) often congregate in this area. Should typhoon and other weather change occur, Green-winged Teal, Spotbill Duck and Black-headed Gull which usually feed and live at the mouth of the Min Jiang would flock in large numbers up the river to take refuge and forage here in more sheltered surroundings, providing a most spectacular sight. 4.4.1.4.2 Important Puxiazhou Wetland Sites for Bird Survival The Nanjiangbin Road of Fuzhou City, which is the subject of this project appraisal pass by this wetland, and Puxiazhou Wetland is the focus of the wetland evaluation. 1) Present Status of Birdlife in Puxiazhou Puxiazhou (including Xindangzhou) Wetland: situated in the north harbor to the northeast of Cangshan District, has a diverse ecological environment with sandbanks and grassy mud flats.Manchurian Wild Rice (Zazania latifolia) is grown on a part of the sandbank, and fish, shrimp and Asiatic clam are found in the watercourse in great abundance. Because of silt accumulation in the water area, the waterway is increasingly getting shallower, and construction of buildings along the river by the villagers has led to shrinking of the wetland. According to survey before 1980, there were large numbers of anseriforms and wading birds coming here to live, but at present curlews, sandpipers and anseriforms only gather here at high tide or at dusk to rest or forage. The species that frequent this place are Little Grebe (Podiceps ruficollis), Chinese Egret, Gray Heron, Chinese Pond-Heron, Black- crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), Spotbill Duck, Green-winged Teal, Greenshank and Common Sandpiper. 2 Birds Species at Puxiazhou Specially Protected by the State In the Min Jiang estuary region there are 12 species of birds falling into the second order endangered list of the State, but among the birds at Puxiazhou these specially protected rare species are not often seen. 3) Bird Species at Puxiazhou Specially Protected by the Province In the Min Jiang estuary region there are 21 bird species under the special protection of Fujian Province, and of these 3 species are often encountered in Puxiazhou, namely, Little Grebe (Podiceps ruficollis poggei), Gray Heron (Ardea cinerea) and Little Egret (Egretta garzetta garzetta). 4) Birds at Puxiazhou that are protected under Sino-Japanese and Sino-Australian Agreements The Chinese Government pays great attention to the protection of migratory birds, and has signed agreements with Japan and Australia regarding protection of migratory birds and their habitat; according to agreement with Japan signed in March of 1981, 227 species should be protected, and according to agreement with Australia signed in October 1986, 81 species. These bird species include: Black-crowned Night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax), Green-winged Teal (Anas crecca crecca), Spotbill Duck (Anas poecilorhyncha zonorhyncha), Greenshank (Tringa nebularia) and Common Sandpiper (Tringa hypoleucos). 5) Detailed Description of Important Bird Species at Puxiazhou Wetland Geographic distribution: they occur in the Northeast, North, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River of China; abroad they are found in Eastern Siberia, Japan, Korea, India and Myanmar. In our wetland they are Winter migrants and some of them resident birds.
environmentprotect 65 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Habitat and Habits: they inhabit wetlands along rivers, lakes, fishponds, coastal mud flats and wetlands of other water bodies, often moving about in small groups. When in flight the wings are flapped slowly, the neck retracted in the form of a "Z" and both legs stretched straight out behind; at nights they usually congregate in flocks on high trees or in reed beds on wetlands. Popopulation Status and Protection: The Gray Heron was formerly a widely distributed and often seen wading bird in China, but in recent years their habitat condition have deteriorated and the population substantially reduced, being decreased by one-third according to 1990 data. In China the Gray Heron has been listed as an endangered animal to be protected. 2 Chinese Egret (Egretta eulophotes) Geographic distribution: In China this bird is distributed chiefly in provinces south of the Yangtze River, westerly to the middle of Sichuan, and as far north as southern Shaanxi and Henan Provinces; abroad they occur in Spain, France, Italy and Ukraine. In our wetland, they are Summer migrants and some of them resident birds. Habitat and Habits: They inhabit lakes, fishponds, paddy fields, mud flats and such wetlands, and are gregarious. They often move about in small groups in shallow water and, when foraging, frequently stand motionless for long periods on one foot, with one leg held below its abdomen and head retracted on to its back to give a hump-back appearance; in walking it moves lightly and steadily in an unhurried fashion, and at night it roosts on nearby trees. Population Status and Protection: The Chinese egret wapopulation s a common bird in South China, but its habitat has been damaged in the last few years due to reduction of grain field, and now it ranges widely over Min Jiang estuaine wetlands. 4.4.2 Wetland Plant Species 4.4.2.1 Special Features of Wetland Flora The number of plant species on the Min Jiang estuarine wetlands is great; according to survey data, vascular plant can be categorized into 109 families, 340 genera and 488 species (including subspecies and mutant species), respectively occupying 47.2%, 27.1% and 13.1% of the vascular plant families , genera and species occurring in Fujian Province, among which are 16 families, 17 genera and 23 species of tuberous plant. Most of the latter are genera with few or single species, such as Marsileaceae, Osmundaceae, Nephrolepidaceae, Equisetaceae, Selaginellaceae, Azollaceae and Salviniaceae; many of these plants species are important components of floating, bog or marsh vegetation. Gymnosperm plants are relatively few in the Min Jiang estuarine wetlands, the important ones being these three species: Chinese swamp cypress (Glyptostrobus pensilis), Dawn Redwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides) and Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii). Of these the Chinese Swamp Cypress and Dawn Redwood are single species trees unique to China, the Dawn Redwood being China’s ancient and precious relic plant, which was introduced to Fujian in the 40’s of the last century. The Slash Pine is indigenous to lower altitudes in the southeast of USA, and likes plent of sunshine, is wet-tolerant and fast growing. It was brought into Fujian Province in 1933. There are 458 species of angiosperm plants here, which belong to 90 families and 318 genera. Among them monocotyledon plants account for 17 families, 61 genera and 86 species, and dicotyledon plants number 73 families, 257 genera and 372 species. Angiosperm fmilies containing more than 20 genera are Graminaceae, Cyperaceae, Compositae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae and Leguminosae. Among these, in number of genera, species and plants of the Cyperaceae and Graminaceae, the Min Jiang estuarine wetland rankmiddle s second to none. Furthermore, families and genera with only single or few component are relatively plentiful here, e.g., the families Potamogetonaceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Musaceae and Saururaceae, and the genera Spirodela and Hydrilla. In number of species and plants, the herbaceous plants hold absolute predominance, and on the Min Jiang estuarine wetlands almost all of the typical aquatic plants are herbaceous, woody plants being fewer.
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Among the angiosperm plants on the Min Jiang estuarine wetlands, most of them belong to species with cosmopolitan distribution. Commonly seen are the genera Ranunculus, Scirpus, Potamogeton, Carex, Ceratophyllum, Phyragmites, Cyperus, Lemna,Juncus and Plantago. Most of them belong to fresh water aquatic plants, hygrophytic or associative plants, and these three types of plants are very common on Min Jiang estuarine wetlands. The characteristics of the vascular plant flora on the Min Jiang estuarine wetlands are approximately the same as those on most east China wetlands. 4.4.2.2 Vegetation Pattern and Distribution of Puxiazhou Wetland Vegetation According to the classification stipulated in
environmentprotect 67 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City willow trees; the coverage of the community can attain 70% and on the branches we may often find articles that was washed in by flood hanging on the branches. In the community, few herbaceous plants occur, only some Japanese galangal (Alpinia japonica), water pepper (Polygonum hydropiper) and Aalligator weed may be seen. herbaceous plant 3) Oldham bamboo community (Form. Dendrocalampsis okdhami) Oldham bamboo in Fujian mainly grow along streams, and belong to woody swamp vegetation. They are also seen on both sides of the Min Jiang, and they yield the famous bamboo shoot eaten by the people. In the some sections of Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou, the Oldham bamboo form clustered growth, and usually form monotonous communities. Height of the plant 6 to 8 meters, diameter of stem 9 to 10 cm, with a community coverage of 80%. The community generally is one in which Oldham bamboo retains absolute dominance and with good growth. On the exterior the community appears green or bright green in colour, the underground root is well developed and the propagative power strong; around the community may be seen Beautiful galangal, Burmareed, sky flower, common rush and yerbadetajo associated with it. 4.4.3 Wetland Aquatic Life 4.4.3.1 Large-sized Benthic Invertebrates of the Min Jiang Estuarine Wetlands The lower reaches of the Min Jiang is subjected to the periodicity of marine tides, and at different location of the water body the salinity also undergoes periodic changes. Thus, creatures living at the lower reaches and the mouth of the Min Jiang have evolved into unique faunal and floral systems. Based on the characteristics of aquatic life structure, invertebrates in the wetlands under the present survey can roughly be classified into three types, namely, near shore low-salinity fauna, estuarine brackish water fauna and inland fresh water fauna. Preliminary survey of the lower reaches and estuary region of Min Jiang has discovered 61 species of large-sized benthic invertebrates, belonging to 4 phyla, 30 families and 50 genera. Among these arthropods and crustaceae species make up the majority with 13 families, 23 genera and 31 species; next in line comes mollusks with 14 families 24 genera and 27 species, the rest form a very small part. There are over 20 species of benthic invertebrates . At the Fuzhou section of the Min Jiang 9 species of benthic animals were found, among the annelids was Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, among the mollusks there were snails and clams, and among the arthropods shrimps and crabs.
4.4.3.1.1 Invertebrate in the lower reach of the Minjiang River
Most of the river section from Yuean to Zhuqi belongs to tide-sensing, although river water is affected by the rising tide, it is basically not affected by the salt tide, which belongs to a freshwater wetland. Invertebrate at this area is quite different from the typical one at the estuary with low salt, also slightly different from animal system in the ecologic environment at the juncture of the semi-salt water and freshwater. Many sandbanks will emerge at this wetland and neighboring areas at ebb tide. The berthonic animals mainly are: muller, freshwater shellfishes and clam; crustacean mainly are: fold crab, Japanese crab, Japanese swamp prawn, holtthuis and springtail shrimp, especially, muller, fold crab and springtail shrimp distribute widely and there is a considerable resource.
4.4.3.1.2 Invertebrate on the Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou
Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou at the lower reach of the Minjiang Beigang is a mud wetland. According to sampling survey, large berthonic invertebrate are: muller, clam, freshwater shellfishes, Chinese field
environmentprotect 68 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City snail, fold crab, holtthuis, Japanese fine hair chela crab and springtail shrimp. Description of the important economic varieties on the Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou are as follows:
(1) Muller (also called: yellow muller and sand muller) Corbucula fluminea
The shell is medium-sized, with a length of about 40mm, a height of about 37mm and a width of about 20mm. The shell is very hard with two pieces of drum-shaped shells. It appears triangular. Two ends of the shell are quite close to each other. About 2/3 of the shell looks white due to corrosion. The belly of the shell is semi round and back is slightly sectional. There is luster on the shell surface with clear growth rings. Shell color varies with its living environment. Those living in sand environment mostly appear yellow, brown yellow or yellow green. Those living in sand-mud or mud environment mostly appear brown, black brown or deep black. Interior of the shell looks light purple and has enamel luster. The external ligament is short and looks yellow brown. The joint is strong. The left and right shells have 3 main teeth each and front ad back side teeth. The front end of the left shell has two big main teeth of splay-shape. Back tooth is thin and long and tilts backwards. There is one side tooth on front and back, the central tooth on the right shell is big. Front main tooth is weak and back main tooth is thin and long. There are two teeth on front and back sides.
Muller is not only an important freshwater shellfish but also a natural feed for fishes and water birds, and feed for poultry and domestic animals. It has a relatively high economic value. Muller is the second intermediate host of the echinococcus for human being and animals.
(2) Holtthuis (big white prawn, holtthuis, freshwater and villi shrimp) Exopalaemon carinicauda
It is a kind of medium-sized shrimp with a body length of 50 90mm. The body with blue or red spots is transparent and. After it is boiled, the head and tail look red but the other part look white, so it is called white shrimp. Forehead is flat, thin and protrudes like a cock crown. Eggs are orange.
The holtthuis usually lives in the offshore area with a salinity of less than 29‰, sometimes they can be seen in semi-salt freshwater area. It widely distributes along China’s coast. It is a special kind of shrimp of China. The holtthuis is an important edible shrimp with a considerable output. It is worth to farm and an important natural feed for fishes and water birds.
4.4.3.2 Plankton
According to the community distribution features of the plankton at the Minjiang estuary wetland, zooplankton and phytoplankton can be divided into three categories zooplankton and phytoplankton area system at the river estuary with low salinity; zooplankton and phytoplankton area system at semi- salt river estuary zooplankton and phytoplankton area system in inland freshwater. According to the preliminary survey, there are 176 kinds of planktons, out of which are 97 algae.
According to former survey, algae in the Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River are not too much. There are only 6 varieties of 23 genus. At Taijiang section, there are 4 phylum - bacillariophyta, cryptophyta, chlorophyta and cyanophytes - ten genus at Kuiqi section, there are 5 phylum - bacillariophyta, cryptophyta, chlorophyta, cyanophytes and euglenophyta of 15 genus. There are only freshwater algae at Taijiang and Kuiqi section.
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There are 18 kinds of shellfishes in the Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River. There is a small amount of the zooplankton, about several pieces in every 20L water.
Freshwater plankton in the lower reach of the Minjiang River
Area from Zhuqi to Minan belongs to a tide-sensing river, although river water is affected by the tide, the salinity of the river water is basically not affected by the tide, the waterbody belongs to freshwater. Besides there are several kinds of algae, the typical algae such as middle-rib algae and angle-hair algae are not found there. But algae community is relatively dense. Generally speaking, the genus of the plankton is richer than that in offshore sea water area or semi-salt water area. Besides bacillariophyta, there are chlorophyta, cyanophytes, cryptophyta and euglenophyta, out of which part of them belong to the common genus in the rivers; part of them grow in the streams, paddy fields and fishponds. They gather in the Minjiang River from branches or surface waters, most of them widely distribute worldwide. But, their biomass is quite limited.
The zooplankton in this section is significantly more than in the offshore seawater or semi-salt water. There are no noctiluca and Chinese calanoida in the waterbody. Instead, many inland freshwater species, such as rotifer and spoon calanoida, etc., are living there. Meanwhile, some of them are hosts in the rivers and some of them live in the inland rivers, reservoirs, farmland and swamp. They gather in the Minjiang River also from branches or surface waters, most of them widely distribute worldwide. But, their biomass is quite limited.
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4.4.3.3 Aquatic life and wetland birds
Migratory birds have obtained a nature that adapts to the changed environment during long evolution. Wetlands at the Minjiang estuary are fine habitats for migratory birds. So many birds passes here to fly to the south or north, they stop here for a period of time they need. Since there are lots of rich aquatic lives, they can provide the migratory birds here with sufficient feeds. As the feeds for birds, aquatic lives mainly include vertebrate such fishes, water invertebrate and plankton, etc.
4.4.3.3.1 Invertebrate and wetland birds
Another three important wetland habitats for water birds are Daoqingzhou, Puxiazhou and Tajiaozhou at the lower reach of the Minjiang River and as well as a transient station for water birds to migrate from the Minjiang estuary to inland rivers, lakes and reservoirs for feeding or breeding. According to sampling survey on those wetlands, there are 23 kinds of benthon invertebrates. Although the number is much smaller than those at the tidal belt along the river estuary benthon has its own unique berthonic community structure, among which living communities large in number are: muller, freshwater shellfish, white prawn, springtail shrimp, fold crab and Chinese freshwater razor clam. There are many large muller aquatic farms along the river sections of Minan, Wulongjiang, Jiangzhong and Minjiang Nangang, the species density is very big. In addition, there is a large area of farmland, grassy marshes and sandbanks, where produce rich grains and fruits, so many varieties of fishes, shrimps and shellfishes, and insecticides and larva, which are very important natural feeds for migratory birds.
4.4.3.3.2 Plankton ad wetland migratory birds
Plankton includes phytoplankton and zooplankton that all belong to microorganism. A large variety and number of those microorganisms widely distribute in various water bodies. Although plankton is at the lowest level of the ecologic food chain, they are the most important energy suppliers, they directly or indirectly provide various water and land animals with food energy, including birds. They play a very important role in the natural water food chain.
According to the preliminary sampling survey of the plankton in the water made at the Minjiang estuary, there are 97 kinds of phytoplankton and 79 kinds of zooplankton. Phytoplankton includes algae, coscinodiscus, melosirq, synedrq, navicula and chlorella. Zooplankton includes springtails, green quick swimming insects, copepoda’s nauplius, Chinese calanoida, water flea and rotifier, which are relatively big in amount in the waterbody. Those planktons provide rich feeds to various fishes, shrimps and shellfishes growing in this area, so those fishes, shrimps and shellfishes become a material foundation for various water birds and migratory birds that dwell and feed on the wetland at the Minjiang estuary.
4.5 Principle and Planning of Wetland Protection
(Information source is from the wetland protection planning report drawn up by Fuzhou Urban Planning Bureau and Fujian Normal University in December, 2003, but this planning has not been approved yet by the local people’s congress.)
The wetland at the Minjiang river mouth is not only an important natural habitat of the migratory birds from the Northeast Asia and Australia, but also important hibernacula of the aquatic birds. From
environmentprotect 71 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
September to next January, more than ten thousands of the aquatic birds fly here every day, which are mainly swimming birds and winter migratory birds. Variety of birds and number of birds all rank first among river mouth wetlands. There are a lot of fishponds, ditches, dry polders, reed and grassy marshes at the middle section of the Minjiang river mouth. The environment features transit from the land to the wetland. The small ecologic environment is complicated and diversified, so land birds and aquatic birds mingle with each other. There are many high forest, bushes, grassland and farmland at the upper section of the Minjiang river mouth; birds are mainly Passeriformes and land birds. There are a relatively large number of local breeding birds.
At present, Fuzhou has not established natural wetland protection area yet. But the provincial government and related planning and research departments have paid great importance to the protection of the wetland. They have worked out principles and plans to protect the wetland. The following materials and data are cited from their plans.
4.5.1 Guiding ideology of wetland protection
According to the current situation of Fuzhou’s population, resources, ecology and environment, adhering to the principle of maintaining the ecological balance of the wetland system, protecting wetland functions and wetland varieties of the living things, and realizing sustainable initialization of the resources, we should persist in the policy of “overall protection, ecology in priority, paying attention to key points, rational utilization and sustainable development”, bring the role of the wetland into full play in ecologic, economic and social benefits of the regional national economy.
4.5.2 Basic principle of wetland protection
(1) Following relevant State laws and regulations on wetland, in conformity with the existing policies of the State on wetland protection and utilization. (2) Maintaining the wetland varieties of the living things and completeness of the wetland ecologic system structure and functions, bringing the ecologic, economic and social benefits of the wetland ecologic system into full play, taking the ecologic benefit as the guide and coordinated development of ecologic, economic and social benefits. (3) combining the overall wetland protection with rational and proper development and utilization of the wetland; (4) In accordance with provincial situation, municipal situation and current wetland protection, adhering to the principle of paying attention to the key points, doing things in light with local conditions, urgent thing completed first, different measures for different things, and implementation step by step. (5) science, foresight and workability. (6) Adhering to the principle of following relevant regulations as set in the Wetland Convention , strictly carrying out the international duty and responsibilities.
4.5.3 Planning objective of the wetland protection
General objective: strengthen the protection of the regional wetland and varieties of the living things in an all round way, maintain the ecologic features and basic functions of the wetland ecologic system, pay great importance to protect internationally and domestically important wetland, bring the functions and benefits of the regional wetland ecologic system into the maximum play, thus enabling the wetland resource to utilize continuously and benefit the generations.
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Short-term objective (to 2005): through making an overall survey on the current situation of the regional wetland and enhancing the promotion and education, promote the whole society to understand, know and concern about the wetland; pay great attention to wetland protection; strengthen the management according to law; establish an assessment system for wetland development, so as to check the decreasing trend of the natural wetland area resulted from irrational development and utilization of the wetland due to free change of the wetland use or serious destruction of the wetland ecologic functions; by means of the formulation and implementation of the protection planning, check the indiscriminate catching of the wetland wild animals or any actions of seriously destroying the wetland biologic resources; setup a well coordinated wetland management unit and an effective coordinating system among various departments concerned, so as to provide a management guarantee for the effective implementation of our wetland protection plan.
Medium- and long-term objectives (to 2010): establish a province-level or State-level natural wetland protection area at the Minjiang river mouth (Shanyutan); upon such basis, gradually expand the natural wetland protection area; establish a relatively complete wetland monitoring system; rehabilitate the retrograded wetland to some extent; significantly improve the ecologic functions; natural wetland and varieties of the living things are effectively protected; wetland protection and regional economy develop coordinately, bring ecologic, economic and social benefits into effective play; and form a fine management procedure on wetland protection and rational utilization.
4.5.4 General layout of the wetland protection planning
It shall bring various categories of the wetlands into full play on the basis of category, nature, protected object, quality of the varieties of the living things, ecologic functions of the natural wetland at the Minjiang river mouth, and the general development strategy of the wetland.
Wetland protection is divided into 3 categoris for the wetland at the Minjiang river mouth.
4.5.4.1 Natural protection category
Natural protection area shall be established for this category. Shanyutan wetland on the south of Langqidao Island is the largest natural wetland of the sand soil at the Minjiang river mouth area, which mainly consists of Jiangzhong sandbank, grassy marsh, and marine sand accumulation. Since this wetland is positioned at the Minjiang river mouth area, favorable geographic position, rich foods and ideal habitats attract hundred thousands of birds of over 100 varieties to live, feed, transit and breed here, and has become a transit habitat to other places along the river upward. Lots of fishes and shrimps lay eggs and spend their baby time at this wetland. This wetland is an area where accommodates the largest number of the birds and richest varieties of the birds at the Minjiang Valley, so it should establish a natural protection area as the key protection place.
Shanyutan natural protection area covers a total area of 22.23km2, with a water area of about 0.29km2. In order to better protect it and play its different functions and further define it as a core area, a buffer area and an experimental area as well, the core area is a distribution place and a State key protection area for aquatic birds and migratory birds jointly protected by Sin-Japan and -Australia for feeding and living, totaling an area of 9.95km2.
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4.5.4.2 Protective development
Small protection area shall be established for this category to make it become a wetland ecologic sightseeing area that integrates protection with tourism.
There are several flood land, grassland and sandbank with areas ranging from several thousands to ten thousands mu at the Minjiang river mouth area, including Bianfuzhou, Daoqingzhou, Puxiazhou, Tajiaozhou and Changanzhou.
4.5.4.3 Category of proper development
Besides the natural protection area and the small protection area should be established at the wetlands mentioned above, there are some sandbanks and grassy wetland. Since their areas are relatively small (most of them cover only several hundred mu to about 1000 mu), close to the bank, and greatly affected by artificial factors, most of those wetlands have been reclaimed or built into fishponds or farmland. They are figured in Fuzhou’s land use plan for ecologic treatment and urban green system. On the basis of their features on geographic position and resource, they become a part of the urban green system for redevelopment.
4.5.5 Protection plan of Puxiazhou (including Xindangzhou) wetland
Relatively to Puxiazhou, Xindangzhou is a high grassy wetland surrounded by water. With the use of the principles of the landscape ecology and economics and on the basis of ecologic engineering, it shall be protectively remolded. The existing forest belt system, reed system, fishpond and river branch system shall be rehabilitated and perfected, so as to enable them to form a crossed combination with rational proportions, optimize a combination between species and a combination between species and environment. It shall build them into a complex ecologic system composed of forest, reed and fish, where the natural ecologic system and artificial ecologic system are well harmonized and coordinated, thus forming a wetland category with fine ecologic benefit and fine landscape benefit.
Besides Puxiazhou, there are several flood land, grassland, sandbank with areas ranging from several thousands to ten thousands mu at the Minjiang river mouth area, including Bianfuzhou, Daoqingzhou, Puxiazhou, Tajiaozhou and Changanzhou. Together with Shanyutan, in the wetland ecologic chain at the Minjiang river mouth, they don’t only play a function of a natural storage reservoir, but also an important role in regulating Minjiang’s runoff, relieving flood peak, regulating urban air temperature and humidity, retaining and degrading pollutant in the upstream of the Minjiang River. As a main ecologic corridor to the inland from coast of Fujian Province and the wetland chain, for the protection of various living things, they provide the hygrophyte with a necessary growing environment; provide various animals with breeding grounds, feeding grounds and fine habitats. And especially, as an important habitat of the migratory birds in Asia and Pacific regions, it serves as an irreplaceable place for various aquatic birds and wading birds to live through the winter.
4.6 Impact on ecologic environment and preventive measures 4.6.1 Impact land ecologic environment and protective measures a. Impact on agricultural production resulted from land tenure
environmentprotect 74 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
2332.43mu land was requisitioned for the construction of two roads and one bridge, if forest land and unutilized land are deducted, farmland totals 1785.36, out of which vegetable plot is 192.38m; orchard is 1188.57mu, cultivated land is 59.84mu, and fish pond is 23.35mu. The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road occupies the most of the farmland and orchard. Refer to Table 4.6-1 for details.
So we can come to know that construction of the two roads and one bridge will have a certain impact on farm economy along the line. But the whole Nantaidao Island is planned to become a new urban area, farmland will be transferred into urban land tenure, so the impact on farm economy is not the main issue. Table 4.6-1 Farmland used for the two roads and one bridge Nanjiang Binlu Phase-II Project of Kuiqi Bridge Two roads and one the Third Ring Road bridge Land category Requisitioned land Requisitioned land Requisitioned land Total requisitioned area (mu) area (mu) area (mu) area (mu) Vegetable (mu) 181.38 11.0 192.38 Dry land (mu) 101.7 114.23 215.93 Other cultivated 43.56 (paddy field) 4.28 12.0 59.84 land (mu) Orchard (mu) 96.81 1080.76 11.0 1188.57 Fishpond (mu) 23.35 23.35 Forest (mu) 105.29 105.29 Hollows and 144.1 402.97 547.07 unutilized land (mu) Total 386.17 1912.26 34.0 2332.43
b. Impact on plant
According to site survey, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road occupies forest of 105.29mu mainly at Aoshan (also called Duyuanshan). Main species are rich acacia, masson pines, banyan trees and a dozen of scattered camphor trees.
During project construction, if there are camphor trees, they should be transplanted timely, it is forbidden to destroy them. After completion of project construction, both sides along the project shall be planted with trees so as to reduce part of plant losses.
4.6.2 Impact on water ecologic environment and protective measures
During bridge construction, it would cause certain impact on water living things as mentioned above. So we mush take the following corresponding measures to avoid or reduce adverse impact: during project construction, when constructing the pier foundation, mud shall be settled and filtered so as to reduce floating articles in the water and protect fishes’ living environment; in accordance with the living habits of fresh water eel and Chinese mitten-handed crab, reduce environmental pollution and ecologic damage in the water area near the bridge, especial during the periods of November December and May June every year. If the construction shall be performed during the above periods, protection measures should be taken. Fuzhou Marine and Fishery Bureau points out that, during bridge construction, in order to protect fish’s ecologic balance and species continuance, it is suggested that funds should be increased for breeding release; it shall organize specialists to survey and work out a plan to release breeding parent fishes and fry of the freshwater eel and Chinese mitten-handed crab regularly; give Corbicula leana raisers proper compensation and periodically release Corbicula leana fry. All those methods and measures should be adopted.
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During operation, in order to avoid possible significant water pollution resulted from an accident of the vehicle transporting dangerous products, surface water flow on the bridge shall be designed and constructed not directly to flow to the river beneath the bridge, it shall drain to the dyke where buffer tanks are built, i.e. buffer tanks should be built on both ends of Kuiqi Bridge, so when there is a pollutant leakage, the leaked pollutant could be led to the tanks. All those are measures to prevent or reduce any impact that may danger the living conditions of the fishes and Corbicula leana, and minimize the impact.
4.6.3 Impact on wetland ecologic environment and protective measures
Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou are high grass wetlands surrounded by water. Besides Puxiazhou, there are several flood land, grassland, sandbank with areas ranging from sever thousands to ten thousands mu at the Minjiang river mouth area. They provide the hygrophyte with a necessary growing environment; provide various animals with breeding grounds, feeding grounds and fine habitats. And especially, as an important habitat of the migratory birds in Asia and Pacific regions, it serves as an irreplaceable place for various aquatic birds and wading birds to live through the winter.
The former design of Nanjiang Binlu was through the Puxiazhou wetland. If that plan were implemented, this piece of wetland would be seriously destroyed. Therefore, the location of Nanjiang Binlu should be changed, which shall not pass through the wetland. When Nanjiang Binlu starts from the starting point and gets Qianhuang Bridge (a proposed bridge), it turns to Qianheng Nanlu so as to avoid impact on the wetland.
The proposed Kuiqi Bridge is 260m away from the Xindangzhou wetland. Construction of the bridge will not produce significant impact on wetland’s land and water ecologic environment. But during project construction, light may have impact on migration of the migratory birds, after we consulted to the specialists of the Fujian Wild Animal Protection Management Institute; the specialists told us that the impact would be relatively small.
4.6.4 Construction impact on ecologic landscape and preventive measures 4.6.4.1 Impact on ecologic landscape
During project construction, the impacts on ecologic landscape are as follows:
1) A large quality of residences, office buildings and land occupancy are to be demolished, which will bring a certain amount of impact on plant growing near the said residences, office buildings and roadsides, so they will damage natural landscape elements and locally damage some regional landscapes to a certain extent.
2) During project construction, occupation of road will increase traffic pressure on surrounding road sections, affect smooth traffic on part of road sections, and bring certain convenience to neighboring residents to go out.
3) During project construction, if temporary structures or construction equipments are put in disorder, they will cause impact on the surrounding landscapes.
4.6.4.2 Protection measures for ecologic landscape during construction period
environmentprotect 76 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
During construction, the existing ecologic landscape environment may change at once; construction shall be performed section-by-section or piece-by-piece. Ecologic landscape environment along the line should be properly protected. Attentions that should be paid to are as follows:
1) Plants in the middle and on both sides of the project shall be well transplanted. It is unnecessary to completely destroy and replant. If it is just to transplant temporarily, it is better to make after- culture according to the design.
2) It shall try best to carry out the project construction within the red line, don’t invade the neighboring vegetable plot when piling the earth and materials so as to protect the farm ecologic landscape environment.
3) During project construction, in order to avoid landscape disorder along the line, relocation shall be made in order; moreover, fences (wood, glass or iron sheet) may be installed for avoiding landscape pollution.
4) During project construction, there are lots of earth, dregs (including those resulted from demolition of the old structures) and remaining waste building materials. If those solid wastes are not properly handled, they would impede traffic and pollute environment. During transport, if transporting vehicles are not well cleaned, the transported materials would drop during transport, which would affect environmental sanitation.
4.6.5 Measures to protect ecology and prevent water and soil loss
Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road are mainly built on the plain, but Kuiqi Bridge is bridging, so generally speaking, water and soil loss is not serious. Only when the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road passes Aoshan (also called Duyuanshan), earth is needed for filling. But the earth engineering is balanced, it is unnecessary to set up a borrow ground or a refilling ground.
Stone material can be taken from Mawei and Changle where there are rich granite and lava reserves. The transport distance is 5 to 25km. Sand can be taken from Nangang or Houguan upstream. The transport distance is 5 to 30km.
Water and soil loss may happen at Aoshan hilly zone during the construction of the road. In order to prevent water and soil loss, retaining wall and grit chamber shall be built for road construction. After completion of the construction, forestation shall be made to prevent water and soil loss.
Roadbed is divided into embankment and cut slope. Planting or engineering measures shall be taken to prevent water and soil loss from those positions. Bare slope surfaces where bridge and culvert pass are always scoured by water, so they shall be protected with embankments and dykes. Temporary path for construction or new path shall be treated mainly with planting measures and necessary engineering measures.
environmentprotect 77 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
5 Current Status of Noise Environment Status, Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures 5.1 Monitor and Evaluation on Current Noise Status 5.1.1 Monitoring method and sampling locations
The monitoring method shall follow the “Standard of environmental noise of urban area (GB/T14623- 93)”. In principle, the measurement shall be done in the day when there is no rain and the wind velocity is less than 5.5m/s.
In accordance with the “Technical Guidelines for Noise Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.4-1995)” and “Specifications for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway (JTJ005-96)” while in combination with characteristics of the project, sampling locations for monitoring the current noise status of the project shall follow the principles below: c The sampling points shall cover the entire range for assessment as much as possible. However, the focus shall be the areas that are sensitive against the noise. d Set sampling points near the flyover and in sites where are sensitive against the noise.
As per principles above, 5 sampling points for noise are set within noise assessment range of the Nanjiang Binlu Project, 7 for the 3rd Ring Road Project (Phase II) and 4 for Kuiqi Bridge, i.e.:
(1) Sampling points for Nanjiang Binlu: 1# Puxiazhou; 2# Fanchuanpu Catholic Church; 3# Annan Assembly Hall; 4# Yinghua English School; 5# Residential Area K1+620. Please refer to Fig. 5.1-1 for details.
(2) Sampling points for the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road : 1# Shangqi Primary School; 2# Yangxia Village; 3# Wushan Primary School; 4# Pukou Xiazhou Village; 5# Fujian College of Information and Technology; 6# Duyuan Village; 7# Linpu Primary School. Please refer to Fig. 5.1-1 for details.
(3) Sampling points for Kuiqi Bridge: 1# Kuiqi Village; 2# Kuiqi Primary School; 3# Waitang Village; 4# Shaoqi Village
Please refer to Fig. 5.1-1 for details of above sampling points. (3) Sampling points for Kuiqi Bridge: 1# Kuiqi Village; 2# Kuiqi Primary School; 3# Waitang Village; 4# Shaoqi Village. Please refer to Fig. 5.1-2 for details of above sampling points.
5.1.2 Monitoring time
Each sampling points shall be monitored for 2 days, with noise sampled in the daytime and nighttime everyday.
5.1.3 Standard for current noise environment assessment
environmentprotect 78 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Equivalent continuous A-weighted noise pressure level and noise level are selected for noise assessment.
Assessment by equivalent continuous noise level Leq is:
T 01.()Lt Leq = 10log[1 ∫ ] T 0 10 Thereinto: T ---- Measuring time L(t) ---- Instantaneous noise level at time t. For background noise of the current environment, class 2 and 4 of the “Standard of environmental noise of urban area (GB3096-93)” are adopted. Please refer to Table 5.1-1 for details. Table 5.1-1 Standard of Environmental Noise of UrbanArea (Unit: dB(A) Class Daytime Nighttime 2 60 50 4 70 55
5.1.4 Monitored result of current noise environment and assessment
Please refer to Table 5.1-2 Table 5.1-5 for monitored results of current noise environment
Table 0-1 Noise Monitored at Boundary of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road of Fuzhou City, Feb. 19 Sampling 1 2 3 4 Point Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Noise 51.6 42.5 51.8 42.6 46.0 42.1 52.1 43.2 Value(LAeq,dB) Orientation of Yangqi Primary Wushan Primary Pukou Xiazhou Sampling Yangxia Village School School Village Location Table 5.2-2 Noise Monitored at Boundary of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road of Fuzhou City, Feb. 19 (To be continued) Sampling Point 5 6 7 Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Noise 56.8 43.0 57.6 42.7 51.3 43.2 Value(LAeq,dB) Orientation of Fujian College of Linpu Primary Sampling Information and Duyuan Village School Location Technology Table 5.1-3 Noise Monitored at Boundary of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road of Fuzhou City, Feb. 20 Sampling Point 1 2 3 4 Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Noise 52.3 42.3 52.1 42.2 47.1 42.4 51.6 42.8 Value(LAeq,dB) Orientation of Yangqi Primary Yangxia Village Wushan Primary Pukou Xiazhou
environmentprotect 79 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Sampling School School Village Location Table 5.2-3 Noise Monitored at Boundary of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road of Fuzhou City, Feb. 20 (To Continue) Sampling Point 5 6 7 Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Noise 54.3 42.7 55.7 42.5 51.8 42.8 Value(LAeq,dB) Orientation of Fujian College of Linpu Primary Sampling Information and Duyuan Village School Location Technology
Table 5.1-4 Noise Monitored at Boundary of the Nanjiang Binlu of Fuzhou City, Feb. 19 Sampling Point 8 9 10 11 12 Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Noise 54.9 42.5 53.8 41.8 57.9 45.6 64.0 45.8 67.8 48.8 Value(LAeq,dB) Orientation of Fanchuanpu Catholic Yinghua English Residential Area Sampling Puxia Village Annan Assembly Hall Church School K1+620 Location Table 5.1-5 Noise Monitored at Boundary of the Nanjiang Binlu of Fuzhou City, Feb. 20 Sampling Point 8 9 10 11 12 Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Noise 55.2 42.3 54.3 42.0 57.6 46.7 58.6 46.9 67.2 47.7 Value(LAeq,dB) Orientation of Fanchuanpu Catholic Yinghua English Residential Area Sampling Puxia Village Annan Assembly Hall Church School K1+620 Location
Viewing from monitored results shown in Table 5.1-2 to Table 5.1-5, the LAeq value daytime of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road is (46.0 57.6) dB, which meets Class 2 standard given in
“Standard of environmental noise of urban area (GB3096-93)”, and the LAeq value nighttime of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road is (42.1 43.2) dB, which meets Class 1 standard given in
“Standard of environmental noise of urban area (GB3096-93); the LAeq value daytime of the Nanjiang Binlu is (53.8 67.8) dB, which meets Class 4 standard given in “Standard of environmental noise of
urban area (GB3096-93)”; and the LAeq value nighttime of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road is (41.8 48.8) dB, which meets Class 2 standard given in “Standard of environmental noise of urban area (GB3096-93).
5.2 Analysis of noise impact during construction period and mitigation measures 5.2.1 Range and standard of assessment In accordance with Specification for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway, range of assessment of road construction’s noise impact refers to the range of 50m on the two sides of proposal items of road construction. Because the Project has been constructed as district, there are many sensitive points of noise environment within the range of 50m on the two sides of the road; therefore, key point of
environmentprotect 80 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City assessment on noise in construction period is the impact of noise in the construction period on noise environment. Its standard of assessment adopts Noise Standard on Construction Site (GB12523—90) , which provides noise limits on construction site in construction period as the following Table 5.2-1.
Table 5.2-1 Noise Standard on Construction Site (GB12523—90)
Unit: dB(A)
Construction Noise limits Main noise sources Period Daytime Nighttime Earthwork Bulldozer, excavator, pay loader etc. 75 55 It is not allowed Piling Various piling machines etc. 85 to construct Structure Concrete mixer, vibrator, and electric saw etc. 70 55 Decoration Crane, elevator etc. 65 55
5.2.2 Investigation on noise intensity of construction equipment There are various mechanical equipments used in road construction. According to actual investigation and comparative analysis, main mechanical equipments used in construction include excavator, bulldozer, grader, concrete mixer, road roller, pay loader and spreader etc. Noise values produced by construction mechanical equipments in operating period are listed in table 5.2-2.
environmentprotect 81 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Table 5.2-2 Noise values of various construction mechanical equipments Unit: dB(A) S/N Type of Machinery Distance from measuring point Lmax to construction equipment (M) 1 Wheel Loader 5 90 2 Grader 5 90 3 Vibratory Roller 5 86 4 Two-Wheel Double-Vibration 5 81 Roller 5 Tri-Wheel Roller 5 81 6 Wheel Roller 5 76 7 Bulldozer 5 86 8 Hydraulic Wheel Excavator 5 84 9 Spreader 5 87 10 Generator 5 98 11 Truck 5 92 12 Concrete Mixing Truck 5 91 13 Concrete Pump 5 85 14 Mobile Crane 5 96 15 Pneumatic Hammer And Rock Drill 5 98 16 Vibrator 5 84 17 Pneumatic Wrench 5 95
5.2.3 Forecasting result of noise Noise sources of construction of the Project can be disposed as point noise source appreciatively. According to damping mode of noise from point noise source, noise values within different distance from noise source in construction period can be estimated, as the following forecasting mode: r Lp=− Lp 20log 0 r0 In the arithmetic formula : Lp -- Forecasting value [dB(A) ] of construction noise within the distance of r m from noise source;
Lp0 --Reference noise level [dB(A) ]within the distance of r0 m from noise source According to noise value of various construction machineries, forecasting noise value of different construction machineries within different distances can be calculated. See the following Table 5.2-3.
environmentprotect 82 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Table 5.2-3 Forecasting noise value of different construction machinery within different distances
Standard Superstandard Distance (M) value situation 5 10 20 40 50 Equipment Dayti Nightt Daytim Nightti me ime e me Reach the Wheel loader 90 84 78 72 70 75 55 15 standar d Reach the Grader 90 84 78 72 70 75 55 15 stand ard Reach the Vibratory Roller 86 80 74 68 66 75 55 11 standar d Reach Two-Wheel Double- the 81 75 69 63 61 75 55 6 Vibration Roller standar d Reach the Tri-Wheel Roller 81 75 69 63 61 75 55 6 standar d Reach the Wheel Roller 76 70 64 58 56 75 55 1 standar d Reach the Bulldozer 86 80 74 68 66 75 55 11 standar d Reach Hydraulic Wheel the 84 78 72 66 64 75 55 9 Excavator standar d Reach the Spreader 87 81 75 69 67 75 55 12 standar d Generator 98 92 86 80 78 75 55 3 23 Reach the Truck 92 86 80 74 72 75 55 17 standar d Mobile Crane 96 90 84 76 74 65 55 9 19 Pneumatic Hammer 98 92 86 80 78 75 55 3 23 And Rock Drill Reach Vibrator 84 78 72 66 64 70 55 the 9 standar
environmentprotect 83 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
d Reach the Pneumatic Wrench 95 89 83 77 75 75 55 20 standar d Reach the Concrete mixer 80 74 68 62 60 75 55 5 standar d Reach Concrete transfer the 85 79 73 67 65 75 55 10 pumping standar d According to forecasting results in Table 5.2-3, in construction period of the Project, noise exceeds 3 9dB(A) over the standard regulated Noise Standard on Construction Site (GB12523—90) in the daytime; in the nighttime, it also exceeds 1 23dB(A) over the standard. It is obvious that noise produced by construction will bring about impact within the range of 50m around the construction site, especially in nighttime.
5.2.4 Assessment of noise during construction period
According to forecasting result of **, during construction period of the Project, noise exceeds 3 9dB(A) over the standard regulated Noise Standard on Construction Site (GB12523—90) in the daytime; in the nighttime, it also exceeds 1 23dB(A) over the standard. It is obvious that noise produced by construction will impact within the range of 50m around the construction site, especially in nighttime. Therefore, strict measures must be taken to relieve impact caused by noise on surrounding environment in construction of the above-mentioned regions.
5.3 Assessment of traffic noise impact in operating period 5.3.1 Forecasting method of traffic noise
Nanjiang Binlu is composed of ground road mainly. Because there are different road structures and buildings on the two sides, noise fields produced by traffic noise near the road are totally different and very complex, especially compound road composed of overhead roads and ground roads. Noises produced by starting, speed-up, braking, wheeling and upgrading of motorcycles on the road are different, which causes more complex noise fields, therefore it will be considered as uniform running, as well as vehicle flow and proportion of vehicle type are considered the same as in our forecasting. According to vehicle flow of different road sections in different forecasting years and design parameter of the road, range and degree of traffic noise on the two sides of the road, which on different sections in the daytime and nighttime, in the year of 2005, 2010 and 2020, will be forecasted.
5.3.2 Forecasting mode of traffic noise
Cadna/A, the software used in environmental noise forecasting of Germany, recommended by Environment Engineering Assessment Center of State Environmental Protection Administration is adopted as forecasting mode of traffic noise.
Superimposing value (Leq) of forecasting value of traffic noise (LeqTraffic) and value of environmental background (LeqBackground) of Nanjiang Binlu:
environmentprotect 84 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
0.1LeqTraffic Leq = 10 log(10 +100.1LeqBackground£© 5.3.3 Confirmation of each parameter in forecasting mode 5.3.3.1 Proportion of vehicle type and vehicle flow
According to forecasting of vehicle flow and road design standard of Nanjiang Binlu explained in Nanjiang Binlu Feasibility Study Report, proportion of vehicle type of Nanjiang Binlu is listed on the following Table 3-1. Vehicle speed is 50km/h; vehicle flow in daytime (within 16 hours) accounts for 87.3%; vehicle flow in nighttime (within 8 hours) accounts for 13%. Vehicle flow on each road section in peak hours of the year of 2005, 2010, and 2020 on Nanjiang Binlu is distributed as in the following Table 3-2.
Table 0.3-1 Proportion of vehicle type on Nanjiang Binlu
Year Passenger Taxi Passenger Light Lorry Total car bus truck 2005 26 5 17 13 39 100 2010 30 7 17 12 34 100 2020 35 8 14 12 31 100
Table 0.3-2 Vehicle flow in peak hours on Nanjiang Binlu
2005 2010 2020 Section description Dayti Nightti Dayti Nightti Dayti Nightti me me me me me me Section from Sanqiao to Kuiqi 1041 156 1549 232 1462 219 Section from Sanqiao to Siqiao 1559 233 2221 332 2045 306
5.3.3.2 Leqi Value of Each Kind of Vehicle According to inland research, relationship between equivalent level A of noise efficacy and vehicle speed of various motorcycles in our country is as the following Table 3-3.
Table 0.3-3 Relationship between equivalent noise efficacy level A and vehicle speed of various vehicles
Vehicle type Equivalent level A of noise power LWA(dB(A) LWA(V) LWA(lgV) Light-duty vehicles 89+0.3V 66+24logV Medium-sized vehicles 91+0.3V 64+25logV Oversize vehicles 96+0.3V 71+24logV Motorcycles 92+0.3V 68+23logV Note: vehicle with speed of 20 80km/h is adaptable. In accordance with damping rule of point noise source in quasi-free noise field, noise level of various vehicles within the distance of 15m is calculated by the following formula: = − − LA LWA 20lg r 8 Computing result as the following Table 3-4
environmentprotect 85 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Table 0.3-4 Leqi of various vehicle Unit: dB(A)
Vehicle type Leqi (60km/h) 75.5 Light-duty vehicles 77.5 Medium-size vehicles 82.5 Oversize vehicles 78.5 Motorcycles
5.3.3.3 Modified Value of Road Surface
Result of theoretical and experimental research testifies that friction effects produced by rough road surface and tires would not impact on noise level of oversize vehicles running with high speed basically, but will impact on noise level of light-duty vehicles, which shall be corrected according to the following Table 3-5.
Table 0.3-5 Corrected value of equivalent noise level A caused by road surface Unit: dB(A)
Road surface Corrected value∆S Asphalt concrete road surface 0 Cement concrete road surface and the ordinary +3 +4 roughness Seriously rough road surface + 5 +6 According to design plan of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu, its road surface is covered by asphalt, therefore its corrected value of noise is 0dB(A) .
5.3.3.4 Corrected value of vertical grade
When light-duty vehicles run on vertical grade, noise level will not change greatly, therefore correction of this part can be ignored. The motor will produce torque when medium heavy vehicles and oversize vehicles are upgrading, therefore noise of medium heavy vehicles and oversize vehicles upgrading will be louder than they run on level road, which increasing values as the following Table 3-6.
Table 0.3-6 Corrected value of noise of upgrading vehicle Unit: dB(A)
Grade(%) 2 3 4 5 6 7 Corrected 0 +2 +3 +5 value∆S The biggest vertical grade of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu is <5%, therefore its corrected value is +2dB(A) .
∆ 5.3.3.5 Corrected value SReflection caused by reflection of buildings on the two sides of the road
In case there are buildings on the two sides of the road (especially there are multi-story buildings and high-rise buildings on the two sides of the road, so reflection impact will be more obvious), superimposition of reflecting noise power produced by reflection of buildings will be put into consideration of noise value in forecasting point (as Figure 5.3-1). Because reflection makes noise level ∆ of forecasting point increased, its increment is shown by SReflection.
environmentprotect 86 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
y(m) Forecasting point p(x y) Buildings
S‘ mirror image noise S noise source x(m)
Figure 5.3- 1
From the figure, it is clear that noise wave of noise source S reflected by buildings to P is amount to noise wave radiated from mirror image noise source S’, that is SP= r’, S’P= r .
r’ In case 1 ∆S =3dB(A) r Reflcetion
r’ ∆ In case 1 . 4 SReflection=2dB(A) r
r’ ∆ In case 2 SReflection=1dB(A) r
r’ ∆ In case 2.5 SReflection=0dB(A) r 5.3.3.6 Damping corrected value of equivalent noise level A caused by buildings on the two sides of the road
Although noise pollution of the front row buildings will be increased by buildings (especially multi- story buildings and high-rise buildings) on the two sides of the road, the first row buildings provide a good noise screen for the behind buildings. Different buildings have different height, so they will cause different damping values for different floor (that is different height) of the behind buildings; different building’s layout (it is parallel with the road, which is the reasonable layout and vertical with the road) will cause different damping value. Therefore, it is clear that confirmation of damping corrected value of equivalent noise level A caused by buildings on the two sides of the road is a complex process and it shall be corrected according to counting formula of noise insulation screen with limited length of line source.
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6 Ambient air Status, Impact Assessment and Mitigation measures 6.1 Monitoring and Assessment of Ambient air Quality Status
6.1.1 Sampling locations
Arrangement of sampling locations shall conform to the following principles: c According to the weather characteristics during sampling, sampling locations shall be set in the down wind direction of predominant wind direction; d Objects sensitive to air pollution within a short distance; e In consideration that the emission source of the project is mainly the traffic linear source, scope in a short distance along the roads is mainly affected by extension of air pollutant, therefore, sampling locations are mostly set near plannedly-chosen routes of the project.
As per aforesaid principles, 3 status sampling locations shall be respectively set within air assessment scope of Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road . The three sampling locations are: (1) Sampling locations at Nanjiang Binlu: 1# Yantai Mountain (Regular sampling location sampling location, present available materials can be used), 2# Fanchuanpu Catholic Church and 3# Jiangbian Primary School.
(2) Sampling locations at the 3rd Ring Road(Phase II) and Kuiqi Bridge: 1# Wushan Primary School, 2# Fujian College of Information and Technology, 3# South Emperor (Nan Di) Xanadu Administration (near Linpu Primary School) and 4# Kuiqi Primary School.
For the exact positions of all sampling locations, refer to Figure 5.1-1. For the sampling location of Kuiqi Primary School at the northern end of Kuiqi Bridge, see Figure 5.1-2
6.1.2 Items and Time for Monitoring
As per the categories of air pollutants discharged in the project, characteristics of ambient air pollution near the planned area of the project, and the relevant regulation ambient air, NO2, CO and PM10 can be chosen as monitoring items for the ambient air quality status.
According to related requirements in Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.2-93) and Technical Code for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway (JTJ 005-96), the time and frequency for status monitoring of ambient air quality can be confirmed as the following: In the mid December of 2003, monitoring shall be carried on for 5 days and samples of CO and NO2 shall be taken for four times (one hour for each time) per day, the time is 7:00, 11:00, 14:00 and 19:00; samples of PM10 shall be taken once at each sampling site lasting for more than 24 hours.
6.1.3 Standards of Assessment
Ambient air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996) and the revised Class Standard is adopted, for more, refer to Table 6.1-1.
Table 6.1-1 Assessment Standards of Ambient air Quality
environmentprotect 88 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Limited Concentration Value(mg/m3) Name of Pollutants Time for sampling Class Class Daily average 0.08 0.12 NO 2 Hourly average 0.12 0.24 Daily average 4.00 4.00 CO Hourly average 10.00 10.00 Inhaled particles PM10 Daily average 0.05 0.15
6.1.4 Result and Assessment of Ambient air Monitoring
6.1.4.1 Results of Monitoring
For result of ambient air monitoring, see Table 6.1-2 Table 6.1-5.
Table 6.1-2 Monitoring Results of CO Hourly Average S/N of Name of Results of monitoring(mg/m3) Time for sampling sampling sampling locations locations Feb.17 Feb.18 Feb.19 Feb.20 Feb.21 7:00 2.13 1.88 1.50 2.25 1.13 Fanchuanpu 11:00 1.88 1.75 1.88 2.00 1.25 1# Catholic Church 14:00 2.38 1.75 1.50 1.75 1.00 19:00 1.50 1.50 1.63 1.63 0.75 7:00 2.63 2.38 2.75 3.13 1.88 Jiangbian 11:00 2.25 2.25 2.50 2.75 1.13 2# Primary 14:00 2.13 1.75 1.63 2.38 1.13 School 19:00 2.00 2.00 2.13 2.63 1.38 7:00 1.88 1.38 2.38 1.13 0.75 Wushan 11:00 1.38 1.13 0.75 0.63 0.50 3# Primary School 14:00 1.13 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.50 19:00 1.75 1.13 1.25 0.88 0.63 Fujian College 7:00 1.88 1.75 1.75 2.38 1.13 of Information 11:00 1.50 1.38 1.00 2.13 0.88 4# and 14:00 1.50 1.25 1.25 1.75 1.00 Technology 19:00 1.63 1.25 1.50 1.88 0.75
Cangshan 7:00 1.63 2.13 1.50 2.50 1.38 South 11:00 1.00 1.50 0.88 1.75 1.00 5# Emperor (Nan Di) Xanadu 14:00 1.13 1.88 0.63 2.25 1.13 Administration 19:00 1.38 1.25 1.25 2.63 1.25
Table 6.1-3 Monitoring Results of NO2 Hourly Average S/N of Name of Results of monitoring(mg/m3) Time for sampling sampling sampling locations locations Feb.17 Feb.18 Feb.19 Feb.20 Feb.21 7:00 0.080 0.053 0.056 0.090 0.063 Fanchuanpu 11:00 0.073 0.039 0.041 0.067 0.037 1# Catholic Church 14:00 0.074 0.028 0.037 0.066 0.028 19:00 0.055 0.025 0.020 0.050 0.019 2# Jiangbian 7:00 0.071 0.211 0.080 0.086 0.062
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Primary 11:00 0.053 0.152 0.071 0.082 0.048 School 14:00 0.057 0.179 0.076 0.050 0.049 19:00 0.031 0.061 0.050 0.047 0.022 7:00 0.028 0.028 0.014 0.008 0.010 Wushan 11:00 0.019 0.012 0.008 0.003 0.005 3# Primary School 14:00 0.016 0.013 0.009 0.003 0.005 19:00 0.014 0.010 0.006 0.003 0.003 Fujian College 7:00 0.040 0.071 0.030 0.038 0.040 of Information 11:00 0.023 0.067 0.019 0.026 0.024 4# and 14:00 0.022 0.057 0.018 0.031 0.022 Technology 19:00 0.015 0.016 0.008 0.017 0.015
Cangshan 7:00 0.030 0.058 0.030 0.033 0.036 South 11:00 0.022 0.042 0.027 0.025 0.021 5# Emperor (Nan Di) Xanadu 14:00 0.021 0.041 0.027 0.020 0.024 Administration 19:00 0.012 0.019 0.010 0.011 0.012
Table 6.1-4 Monitoring Results of PM10 Daily Average S/N of sampling Name of sampling Results of monitoring(mg/m3) Date of monitoring locations locations PM10 Feb.17 0.111 Feb.18 0.089 Fanchuanpu Catholic 1# Feb.19 0.073 Church Feb.20 0.074 Feb.21 0.063 Feb.17 0.210 Jiangbian Primary Feb.18 0.175 2# School Feb.19 0.225 Feb.20 0.138 Feb.21 0.066 Feb.17 0.054 Feb.18 0.082 Wushan Primary 3# Feb.19 0.024 School Feb.20 0.022 Feb.21 0.011 Feb.17 0.171 Fujian College of Feb.18 0.137 Information and 4# Feb.19 0.203 Technology Feb.20 0.122 Feb.21 0.072 Feb.17 0.054 Cangshan South Feb.18 0.087 Emperor (Nan Di) 5# Feb.19 0.027 Xanadu Administration Feb.20 0.059 Feb.21 0.039
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Table 6.1-5 Summary Sheet of Monitoring Data at Yentai Regular Monitoring Locations of Fuzhou Environmental Monitoring Station (Feb.17 21,2004) 3 3 Date Time NO2(mg/m ) PM10(mg/m ) Feb.17, 2004 7:00 0.044 Feb.17, 2004 11:00 0.044 0.130 Feb.17, 2004 14:00 0.040 Feb.17, 2004 19:00 0.034 Feb.18, 2004 6:00 0.032 Feb.18, 2004 11:00 0.027 0.114 Feb.18, 2004 14:00 0.034 Feb.18, 2004 19:00 0.035 Feb.19, 2004 7:00 0.050 Feb.19, 2004 11:00 0.032 0.118 Feb.19, 2004 14:00 0.030 Feb.19, 2004 19:00 0.036 Feb.20, 2004 7:00 0.047 Feb.20, 2004 11:00 0.036 0.131 Feb.20, 2004 14:00 0.030 Feb.20, 2004 19:00 0.060 Feb.21, 2004 7:00 0.045 Feb.21, 2004 11:00 0.034 0.076 Feb.21, 2004 14:00 0.043 Feb.21, 2004 19:00 0.037
6.1.4.2 Assessment of Ambient air Status
(1) Hourly Average Values of CO: from Table 6.1-2, we know that the hourly average values of CO for 5 days (4 times per day) at 5 sampling locations are not up to Class of Ambient air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996) (i.e. 10.00mg/m3).
(2) Hourly Average Values of NO2: from Table 6.1-3, we know that the hourly average concentration values of NO2 for 5 days (4 times per day) at 5 sampling locations are not up to Class of Ambient air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996) (i.e. 0.12mg/m3), except that parts of frequencies and times of 2# Jiangbian Primary School on Feb.18, 2004 exceed Class .
From Table 6.1-5, we know that the hourly average values of NO2 for 5 days at regular monitoring site of Yantai Mountain are not up to Class .
Parts of frequencies and times of 2# Jiangbian Primary School on Feb.18, 2004 exceed Class ,but not up to Class , through site inspection, it is mainly because there are many transmitting motor vehicles exhaust on the road outside the school during that period. No other obvious pollutant sources are found.
(3) Daily Average values of PM10: from Table 6.1-4, we know that the daily average values of PM10 for 5 days at 1# Fanchuanpu Catholic Church, 3# Wushan Primary School and 5# Cangshan South Emperor (Nan Di) Xanadu Administration are all not up to Class ( 0.15mg/m3); the monitoring
environmentprotect 91 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City values of 2# Jiangbian Primary School on Feb.17, Feb.18 and Feb.19 are between Class ( 0.15mg/m3)and Class ( 0.25mg/m3), but not up to Class on Feb.20 and Feb.21;the monitoring values of 4# Fujian College of Information and Technology on Feb.17 and Feb.19 are between Class and Class , while not up to Class on Feb.18, Feb.20 and Feb.21.
From Table 6.1-5, we know that the daily average values of PM10 for 5 days at regular monitoring site of Yantai Mountain are not up to Class .
On account of no obvious pollutant sources nearby all the sampling locations, through site inspection, the reason why the PM10 of several monitoring sites exceeds Class is possibly that dust in the air is increasing for continuous drought lasting several months, activities of people (especially the activities after school and come-and-go of students) and come-and-go of vehicles resulting in dust nuisance from the ground into the air.
6.2 Ambient air Impact Assessment During Construction
The main air pollution sources during construction are: dust from excavation, running of transport vehicles and construction machinery; loading and unloading, transportation and piling of construction materials (cement, lime and sandstone) and rising and falling of excavated soil during piling and transportation; emission exhausted from construction machinery and transportation vehicles.
Dust is main factor that affects ambient air quality during construction. Dust from excavation and drilling of dry ground surface: some floats in the air, other falls on the ground and the surface of buildings with wind; when piling excavated soil, if the wind is strong, dust will rise: during loading and unloading and transportation, some dust rises and falls; the soil carried in rainwater scatters on the surface of roads, after getting dry in the sun, dust rises again with movement of vehicles or blowing of wind; a large amount of dust will rise during backfilling; dust will also rise and fall during loading and unloading, transportation and piling of construction materials.
The harmfulness of dust pollution during construction shall not be neglected. If the dust floating in the air is inhaled by constructors and residents nearby, not only many diseases of respiratory tract but also all kinds of diseases caused by pathogenic germs carried by dust will seriously affect the health of constructors and residents nearby. Moreover, flow of dust makes low visibility and causes traffic accidents. If dust falls on the buildings and trees, sight will be affected. Although the dust engendered during the execution of this Project cannot be avoided completely, the Employer shall strictly strengthen management and take suitable measures to control the dust produced during construction.
6.3 Ambient Air Impact Assessment during Operation 6.3.1 Assessment Factors
Main ambient air pollutant during the operation of the Project is emission and waste gas exhausted from motor vehicles with main pollutant of CO, NO2 and hydrocarbon etc. As per Environmental Impact Assessment Specification of Road Construction (JTJ005-96) and the Environmental Assessment
environmentprotect 92 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Outline of this Assessment, CO and NO2 will be taken as the assessment factors of impact on ambient air environment.
6.3.2 The Characteristics of Weather in case of pollution
1) The Characteristics of Ground Wind Field a. Ground Wind speed: the annual average wind speed in this area is 2.4m/s. In summer, there is typhoon, so the instantaneous maximum wind speed can reach 20m/s. The frequency of calm wind is as high as 23.3 . For the annual average wind speed in all wind directions, refer to Table 6.3-1. b. Ground wind direction: the monsoon climate of this area is obvious. The predominant wind direction every year is southeaster. In summer, under the influence of the southernly monsoon, the southeaster is even more frequent. In winter, the frequency of wind is scattered with the highest frequency of souther and higher frequency of north wind and northernly wind. For this area nears the sea, the daily wind direction has the obvious characteristics of land and sea breeze with a cycle of day and night. Northwest wind in the morning and southeast wind in the afternoon are more obvious in summer. For the annual frequency of wind direction, refer to Table 6.3-2 and Rose Diagram 6.3-1. c. Contamination factors: the maximum contamination factors are SSE, S and N. In summer, the frequency of wind is high, so the maximum contamination factor is the same as the frequency of winter, that is, maximum when in the direction of SSE.
2) Characteristics of Low-Altitude Wind Field
The average low-altitude wind speed increases with the height. At the height of 600 meters above ground, the wind speed increases slowly, every 100 meters higher, 0.35m/s faster the wind speed; at the height of 600 to 1,200 meters, the wind speed increases faster, every 100 meters higher, 0.6m/s faster the wind speed.
The daily average wind speed near stratum is similar to that on the ground, that is, in the morning the wind speed is slow; after sunrise, the wind speed gradually becomes faster, to the maximum at about 18 o’clock, and then gradually slows down, to the minimum from after-midnight to early morning. At the height of 400 to 700 meters, the daily wind speed has little changes and is stable. At above 700 meters, the daily change of wind speed is opposite to that of wind speed on the ground.
In winter, due to the impact of cold air from the north, the wind direction beneath 1,000m is northeasterly; in summer, due to the southeast monsoon, there is more southerly wind and the wind direction will change from southeast to southwest with the increasing of height.
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Table 6.3-1 The Annual Average Accumulative Monsoon Speed in Fuzhou Unit: m/s
N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW Month 1 2.9 2.8 3.2 3.3 2.6 3.0 1.4 2.6 2.5 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.9 2.6 2.6 4 2.6 2.9 3.9 3.1 1.5 2.1 2.3 3.8 3.1 2.0 2.0 2.8 2.2 2.8 2.5 2.1 7 1.9 3.3 3.0 4.8 1.7 2.0 4.4 4.9 3.5 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.1 2.3 3.0 2.9 10 2.8 3.4 3.3 4.5 3.2 1.0 2.1 2.9 2.5 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.0 3.2 3.0 2.9 The 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 2.4 2.0 3.2 4.2 2.9 4.2 2.0 2.1 1.9 3.0 2.5 2.5 whole year
Table 6.3-2 The Annual Average Accumulative Monsoon Frequency in Fuzhou Unit: %
N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW C Month 1 6.3 6.8 8.3 4.5 2.8 0.8 2.0 5.5 9.0 6.0 3.3 1.8 2.8 2.8 6.8 6.5 22.5 4 4.0 4.0 4.3 1.5 0.8 1.5 3.5 14.0 15.3 5.5 3.8 1.5 4.0 2.8 4.5 2.8 26.3 7 2.0 2.5 3.0 2.0 1.3 0.3 10.8 36.0 10.3 2.8 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.8 3.0 2.3 17.0 10 8.5 7.5 9.5 4.3 1.0 0.5 1.5 5.3 6.8 4.3 0.8 1.3 3.8 7.0 10.5 9.5 15.0 The 6.5 5.8 6.3 2.8 2.0 1.3 4.3 13.0 8.5 4.3 3.0 1.5 2.0 4.3 5.8 5.8 23.3 whole year
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N N N N N N N N N
W E W E W E
S S S S S S S S S Calm wind of the whole year 23.30% Calm wind in Spring 22.50% Calm wind in Summer 26.30%
N N 30.0N N N N N 20.0 10.0 W E W E W E
S S S S S S S Calm wind in Autum 17.00% Calm wind in Winter 15.00% Legend (%)
Table 6.3--1 The Rose Diagram of Wind Direction in the Area Where the Project Locates
3) Statistics of Temperature Field a. Average temperature: the annual average temperature is 19.6 , 28.7 in the hottest months, 7.7 in the coldest months, the extreme high temperature 39.8 and the extreme low temperature -2.4 . The change of ground temperature in the day has the same rule as in winter and summer, that is, the lowest at 5 o’clock in early morning, with the rising of temperature after sunrise, and reaching the highest at 14 o’clock in the afternoon. b. Temperature Field of Low-Altitude: the temperature of low-altitude in this area reduces with the increasing of height. The average stable lapse rate beneath 1,500m in summer is 0.51 /100m, 0.31 /100m in winter, while there are no changes in temperature at the height of 1,100-1,500m. Thus it can be seen that the vertical diffusion capability of atmosphere in this area in summer is greater than that in winter.
Low-altitude temperature inversion: there is grounding temperature inversion in winter and summer in Fuzhou, however the frequency in summer is lower than that in winter, and the thickness and strength of temperature inversion in summer are greatly lower than those in winter. Furthermore, as per changes in the day, in winter the strength, thickness and frequency of grounding temperature inversion in the morning are higher than those in the night; reversely in summer, all the indices in the night are higher than those in the morning. For details, see Table 6.3-3.
The non-grounding temperature inversion and grounding temperature inversion in winter are similar with those in summer in Fuzhou, i.e., all the indices in winter are higher than those in summer. Moreover, in winter and summer, the frequency of temperature inversion at 7 o’clock is higher than that at 19 o’clock, while the average strength of temperature inversion is reverse. For details, refer to Table 6.3-4.
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Table 6.3-3 The Status of Grounding Temperature Inversion in Winter and Summer of Recent Ten Years in Fuzhou
Season, Time Summer Winter Item 7 o’clock 19 o’clock 7 o’clock 19 o’clock Frequency 2 4 22 8 Average thickness m 110.0 195.0 995.0 460.0 Average strength, /100m 0.47 0.55 1.26 1.02 Maximum strength /100m 0.81 1.00 2.50 1.96
Table 6.3-4 The Status of Non-Grounding Temperature Inversion in Winter and Summer of Recent Ten Years in Fuzhou
Season, Time Summer Winter Item 7 o’clock 19 o’clock 7 o’clock 19 o’clock Frequency 60 28 75 70 Bottom height m 1811 1952 1546 1704 Average thickness m 223.6 198.8 459.6 315.7 Average strength /100m 0.66 0.69 0.67 1.22 Maximum strength /100m 1.70 1.53 2.71 4.33
4) Statistics of Stability The predominant stability in winter and summer in Fuzhou is Class D, especially in winter. The frequency in winter can reach 73.6 , while in summer the frequency of stability(E+F) gets similar with that of instability(A+B+C). In winter the frequency of stable atmosphere is 1 time as that of non-stable atmosphere. See Table 6.3-5.
Table 6.3-5 The frequency of Atmosphere Stability in Winter and Summer in Fuzhou
Season, Time Item A B C D E F Summer 2.6 11.4 6.8 59.6 10.7 8.7 Winter 0.1 3.3 5.2 73.6 9.5 7.7
5) Distribution of Combined Frequency of Wind Direction, Wind Speed and Stability
The distribution statistics of average combined frequency of January and July of many years in Fuzhou indicates that(for details, refer to Table 7.2-6 and 6.2-7): in July, due to the southeast monsoon, under the stability of Class D, wind direction is southeasterly and wind speed is higher than 6m/s, the combined frequency can reach 7.7% (the maximum frequency is 7%. When the wind speed is 5.0- 5.9m/s, the combined frequency is 4.1%. The combined frequency in January is 17.3% and 17% respectively.
The predominant stability in this area is Class D. The vertical diffusion capability of atmosphere is weak while the wind speed and frequency are high and the capability of horizontal delivery of atmosphere is strong, which are helpful for delivery and diffusion of pollutants to the distance and reduction of impact of pollutants on local area.
6) Thickness of Mixed Layer
Statistics indicates that: the average thickness of mixed layer in Autumn in Fuzhou is maximum while
environmentprotect 96 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City minimum in Spring. Throughout the year, the maximum thickness of mixed layer is 2,101.1m at 14 o’clock in Summer; the minimum thickness of mixed layer is only 619.5m at 8 o’clock in Spring.
As per daily changes, from deep night to morning, the height of mixed layer is generally lower with bad thermal condition, which is unfavor of dilution diffusion of pollutants in the vertical direction; in the afternoon of Spring and Summer and in the evening of Autumn and Winter, the mixed layer is thicker with good thermal condition, which is favor of wide range of diffusion and dilution of pollutants and reduction of pollution of near strata.
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Table 6.3-6 The Distribution Sheet of Combined Frequency of Atmosphere Stability, Wind Direction and Wind Speed of July in Fuzhou
Unit:
Wind Stability N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W W speed 0.0-0.9 A B C D E F 1.0-1.9 A 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 B 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 C D 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 E 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 F 0.3 0.1 0.2 01 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 2.0-2.9 A B 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 C 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 D 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6 E 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 F 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 3.0-3.9 A B 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 C 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 D 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 1.7 3.3 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 E 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.8 1.3 0.2 F 4.0-4.9 A B 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 C 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.1 D 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1 1.2 3.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 E 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 F 5.0-5.9 C 0.1 0.1 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.1 D 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.8 4.1 0.4 0.6 0.1 6 . 0 D 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.1 3.5 7.7 1.0 1.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 Total 3.0 1.9 2.7 1.8 0.6 12.0 28.8 5.5 5.2 1.6 1.8 2.7 2.3
Table 6.3-7 The Distribution Sheet of Combined Frequency of Atmosphere Stability, Wind Direction and Wind Speed of January in Fuzhou Unit: Wind Stability N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W W Speed 0.0-0.9 A B C D E F 1.0-1.9 A B 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 C
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D 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.7 E 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 F 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 2.0-2.9 A B 0.1 0.1 C 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 D 2.0 1.7 1.0 0.3 0.3 1.8 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6 1.3 0.9 E 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 F 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 3.0-3.9 A B 0.2 0.1 0.1 C 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 D 2.5 2.2 2.1 1.0 0.4 0.2 2.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.6 E 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 F 4.0-4.9 A B 0.1 C 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 D 0.7 1.5 1.4 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.1 E 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 F 5.0-5.9 C 0.1 0.1 D 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.2 6 . 0 D 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.1 Total 7.6 8.3 6.8 3.4 1.0 2.3 10.3 3.9 1.9 1.5 1.2 2.4 3.8
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6.3.3 Forecasting mode
On a busy road, the emission of emission of motor vehicles is generally considered as linear source. Mostly Gaussian Mode of statistics is used to stimulate the diffusion rule of emission of motor vehicles and estimate the concentration distribution of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles. Since 1970’s, a serial of diffusion modes of emission of motor vehicles on roads have been developed in the countries such as America. Now the diffusion mode of linear source- CALINE4 can be used to predict the impact of emission of emission of motor vehicles on the ambient air quality of Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge.
CALINE 4 mode is to divide roads into a serial of linear sources and respectively count the concentration of pollutants exhausted by each linear source at predicted site, and then sum up the total concentration of pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicles at predicted sites on the whole road. CALINE 4 divides limited linear source into sections as per the length of σy and source strength of each section is the source strength of linear source (A) times a Weight Factor, which is used to count the impact of six linear sources within ±3σy on predicted sites. If the line section exceeds this range, the impact is little, so the time for counting can be saved. Therefore, the concentration of pollutants produced at predicted sites of the whole road can be counted:
n 6 2 2 = 1 1 −(Z +H ) + −(Z −H ) × × × C πσ ∑∑{σ [exp( σ 2 ) exp( σ 2 )] (WT j QJ PDij )} 2 zu Zi 2 Z 2 Z Ij==1 1
Thereinto: C--- Concentration of pollutants at Coordinate X, Y and Z of low wind direction, mg/m3 u---Average wind speed m/s H---Height of emission source of pollutants m WTj—Weight Factor Qj---Linear source intensity of section j mg/(m.s)
σZ---Diffusion parameter in vertical direction m Z—Height from predicted sites to ground (m) N---Total numbers of linear sources
y 2 2 = 1 σ y −P PDij—Normal distribution function PD ∫ 2 exp( )dP ij 2π − y 2 σ y
Initial dilution zone in CALINE 4 is used to stimulate the impact of movement of motor vehicles on diffusion of emission of motor vehicles. The width of initial dilution zone is the width of road plus 3m of two sides which show the impact of movement of motor vehicles on horizontal diffusion of emission. In the dilution zone, atmosphere diffusion is mainly mechanical turbulence produced by movement of motor vehicles and thermal turbulence produced from residual heat of emission. The pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicles are mixed evenly in initial dilution zone. The height of initial dilution zone depends on the retention time (T) of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles in dilution zone.
100 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
= W θ ° T 2u×sinθ ( 45 )
= W θ< ° T 2u×sin 45° ( 45 )
Thereinto: W refers to the width of dilution zone u refers to the wind speed on ground θ refers to the corner of wind direction and road. The height of initial dilution zone can be defined as:
σ = + × Z 0 (m) 1.5 0.1 T 2) Access of Diffusion Parameters
The diffusion parameters in common use (or through actual measuring) in Fuzhou can be used.
6.3.4 Forecast of Impact of Emission of Motor Vehicles on Both Sides of Roads
6.3.4.1 Main Contents of Forecast
Main contents of forecast:
(1) In the predominant wind direction (South-southeast), when the stability of NO2 and CO is at B, D and E respectively, the ground concentration increasing distribution;
(2) In the (north wind), when the stability of NO2 and CO is at B, D and E respectively, the ground concentration increasing distribution;
(3) The ground concentration increasing distribution in the predominant south-southeast wind and north wind and under the bad weather (wind speed 1m/s, E stability).
6.3.4.2 Time Step of Forecast
As the characteristics of roads and annual peak hours of flow of motor vehicles have been predicted respectively, the concentration increasing distribution status of air pollutants on both sides of roads.
6.3.4.3 The Results of Forecast
Since the air pollutants exhausted by motor vehicles are NOX, while the state quality standard is NO2, in order to analyze the impact of NO2 on ambient air, relevant research about emission of emission of motor vehicles and ambient air quality indicates that the proportion coefficient of NOX and NO2 is 0.63 0.5, when the proportion coefficient of suburb is the maximum, that of city is the minimum. As far as present, the roads of the Project lie at not only busy section but also suburb, while from the general development plan of Fuzhou, we know that the roads of the Project lie in city, therefore, in
101 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
NOX analysis this time, coefficient 0.6 is adopted to convert NOX calculation results into NO2.
(1) For Forecast Results of Ambient air of Nanjiang Binlu, See Table 6.3-8 6.3-19
Table 6.3-8 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Qianhengnan Road in 2010 mg/m3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.044 0.047 0.133 0.140 0.088 0.263 10 0.039 0.043 0.117 0.129 0.086 0.256 25 0.029 0.035 0.086 0.104 0.079 0.237 50 0.020 0.026 0.059 0.078 0.071 0.211 100 0.012 0.017 0.036 0.052 0.058 0.172 150 0.008 0.013 0.026 0.038 0.049 0.146 200 0.007 0.010 0.020 0.031 0.042 0.126 300 0.005 0.007 0.014 0.022 0.033 0.099
Table 6.3-9 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Qianhengnan Road in 2015 mg/m3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.064 0.067 0.190 0.201 0.126 0.377 10 0.056 0.062 0.168 0.185 0.122 0.367 25 0.041 0.050 0.122 0.149 0.113 0.340 50 0.028 0.037 0.084 0.112 0.101 0.302 100 0.017 0.025 0.051 0.074 0.082 0.247 150 0.013 0.019 0.037 0.055 0.070 0.209 200 0.010 0.014 0.029 0.044 0.060 0.180 300 0.007 0.010 0.020 0.031 0.047 0.142
Table 6.3-10 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Qianhengnan Road in 2020 mg/m3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.067 0.071 0.200 0.211 0.133 0.398 10 0.059 0.065 0.177 0.195 0.129 0.387 25 0.043 0.052 0.129 0.157 0.119 0.358 50 0.029 0.039 0.088 0.118 0.106 0.318 100 0.018 0.026 0.054 0.078 0.087 0.260
102 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
150 0.013 0.019 0.039 0.058 0.073 0.220 200 0.010 0.016 0.030 0.046 0.064 0.190 300 0.007 0.011 0.021 0.033 0.050 0.150
Table 6.3-11 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2010 mg/m3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 x B D B D E E 5 0.071 0.074 0.212 0.224 0.148 0.444 10 0.062 0.068 0.185 0.205 0.144 0.431 25 0.045 0.055 0.134 0.164 0.132 0.395 50 0.031 0.041 0.091 0.121 0.115 0.346 100 0.019 0.026 0.055 0.079 0.092 0.276 150 0.013 0.020 0.039 0.059 0.077 0.230 200 0.010 0.016 0.031 0.047 0.066 0.197 300 0.007 0.011 0.021 0.033 0.051 0.153
Table 6.3-12 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2015 mg/m3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.086 0.091 0.257 0.271 0.181 0.539 10 0.075 0.083 0.225 0.249 0.175 0.522 25 0.055 0.067 0.162 0.199 0.160 0.478 50 0.037 0.049 0.110 0.147 0.140 0.419 100 0.022 0.032 0.067 0.096 0.112 0.335 150 0.016 0.024 0.048 0.071 0.094 0.279 200 0.013 0.019 0.037 0.057 0.080 0.239 300 0.008 0.013 0.026 0.040 0.062 0.185
Table 6.3-13 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2020 mg/m3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.168 0.178 0.302 0.319 0.353 0.633 10 0.147 0.163 0.264 0.293 0.342 0.614 25 0.106 0.130 0.191 0.233 0.313 0.562 50 0.072 0.097 0.129 0.173 0.274 0.493
103 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
100 0.044 0.063 0.078 0.113 0.220 0.394 150 0.031 0.047 0.056 0.084 0.183 0.328 200 0.024 0.037 0.044 0.067 0.157 0.281 300 0.017 0.026 0.030 0.047 0.121 0.218
Table 6.3-14 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Qianhengnan Road to Aofengzhou Bridge in 2010 mg/m3
South-southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.032 0.034 0.096 0.101 0.084 0.251 10 0.028 0.031 0.084 0.092 0.082 0.244 25 0.020 0.025 0.061 0.073 0.076 0.226 50 0.014 0.019 0.041 0.055 0.068 0.203 100 0.008 0.012 0.025 0.037 0.058 0.174 150 0.006 0.009 0.018 0.028 0.051 0.153 200 0.005 0.007 0.014 0.022 0.045 0.135 300 0.003 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.084 0.106
Table 6.3-15 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Qianhengnan Road to Aofengzhou Bridge in 2015 mg/m3
South-southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.046 0.048 0.137 0.144 0.120 0.360 10 0.040 0.044 0.120 0.131 0.117 0.350 25 0.029 0.035 0.088 0.104 0.108 0.324 50 0.020 0.026 0.059 0.079 0.097 0.291 100 0.012 0.017 0.036 0.053 0.083 0.249 150 0.009 0.013 0.026 0.040 0.073 0.219 200 0.007 0.010 0.020 0.031 0.064 0.193 300 0.005 0.007 0.014 0.022 0.050 0.151
Table 6.3-16 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Qianhengnan Road to Aofengzhou Bridge in 2020 mg/m3
South-southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.048 0.050 0.145 0.152 0.133 0.398 10 0.042 0.046 0.126 0.139 0.129 0.387
104 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
25 0.031 0.037 0.092 0.110 0.119 0.358 50 0.020 0.028 0.062 0.083 0.106 0.318 100 0.013 0.019 0.038 0.055 0.087 0.260 150 0.009 0.014 0.027 0.042 0.073 0.220 200 0.007 0.011 0.021 0.033 0.064 0.190 300 0.005 0.008 0.014 0.023 0.050 0.150
Table 6.3-17 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2010 mg/m3
South-southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.050 0.053 0.152 0.159 0.142 0.425 10 0.044 0.048 0.132 0.145 0.137 0.412 25 0.032 0.038 0.097 0.115 0.126 0.377 50 0.021 0.029 0.063 0.086 0.113 0.338 100 0.013 0.019 0.039 0.057 0.095 0.286 150 0.009 0.014 0.028 0.042 0.082 0.246 200 0.007 0.011 0.021 0.033 0.070 0.211 300 0.005 0.008 0.014 0.023 0.053 0.161
Table 6.3-18 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2015 mg/m3
South-southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.061 0.064 0.184 0.192 0.173 0.516 10 0.054 0.059 0.161 0.175 0.167 0.500 25 0.039 0.047 0.117 0.139 0.153 0.458 50 0.025 0.035 0.076 0.104 0.137 0.410 100 0.016 0.023 0.047 0.069 0.116 0.347 150 0.011 0.017 0.034 0.051 0.100 0.298 200 0.008 0.013 0.026 0.040 0.086 0.255 300 0.006 0.009 0.017 0.028 0.065 0.195
Table 6.3-19 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2020 mg/m3
South-southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E
105 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
5 0.120 0.126 0.216 0.226 0.338 0.606 10 0.105 0.115 0.189 0.206 0.327 0.587 25 0.077 0.091 0.138 0.164 0.300 0.538 50 0.050 0.068 0.089 0.123 0.268 0.482 100 0.031 0.046 0.056 0.082 0.227 0.408 150 0.022 0.034 0.039 0.060 0.195 0.350 200 0.017 0.026 0.030 0.047 0.167 0.300 300 0.011 0.018 0.021 0.033 0.128 0.229
(2) For Forecast Results of Air environment of the 3rd Ring Road(Phase II), See Table 6.3-20 6.3-27. Table 6.3-20 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Wanbian Bridge to Fuxia Flyover in Peak Hours of 2010 mg/m3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.112 0.118 0.348 0.364 0.184 0.569 10 0.101 0.110 0.314 0.340 0.181 0.560 25 0.078 0.092 0.241 0.285 0.173 0.536 50 0.056 0.072 0.173 0.224 0.162 0.501 100 0.036 0.050 0.111 0.156 0.143 0.442 150 0.026 0.038 0.081 0.119 0.128 0.395 200 0.021 0.031 0.064 0.097 0.116 0.358 300 0.014 0.023 0.045 0.070 0.097 0.300
Table 6.3-21 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Wanbian Bridge to Fuxia Flyover in 2020
mg/m3
North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.141 0.147 0.436 0.455 0.230 0.712 10 0.127 0.138 0.393 0.426 0.227 0.702 25 0.098 0.115 0.302 0.357 0.217 0.672 50 0.070 0.091 0.217 0.280 0.203 0.627 100 0.045 0.063 0.139 0.195 0.179 0.554 150 0.033 0.048 0.102 0.149 0.160 0.495 200 0.026 0.039 0.080 0.121 0.145 0.448 300 0.018 0.028 0.057 0.088 0.121 0.376
Table 6.3-22 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Fuxia Flyover to Kuiqi Bridge in 2010
106 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
mg/m3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.110 0.115 0.340 0.356 0.180 0.556 10 0.099 0.107 0.307 0.333 0.177 0.548 25 0.076 0.090 0.236 0.279 0.169 0.525 50 0.055 0.071 0.170 0.219 0.158 0.490 100 0.035 0.049 0.108 0.152 0.140 0.432 150 0.026 0.038 0.079 0.117 0.125 0.387 200 0.020 0.031 0.063 0.095 0.113 0.350 300 0.014 0.022 0.044 0.069 0.095 0.294
Table 6.3-23 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Fuxia Flyover to Kuiqi Bridge in 2020
mg/m3
North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.265 0.277 0.492 0.514 0.434 0.804 10 0.239 0.259 0.443 0.481 0.427 0.792 25 0.184 0.217 0.341 0.403 0.409 0.759 50 0.132 0.170 0.245 0.316 0.382 0.708 100 0.085 0.119 0.157 0.220 0.337 0.625 150 0.062 0.091 0.115 0.169 0.301 0.559 200 0.049 0.074 0.091 0.137 0.272 0.506 300 0.034 0.053 0.064 0.099 0.229 0.425
Table 6.3-24 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Wanbian Bridge to Fuxia Flyover in 2010
mg/m3 Southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.085 0.089 0.262 0.275 0.173 0.536 10 0.075 0.082 0.232 0.254 0.170 0.528 25 0.056 0.067 0.172 0.206 0.164 0.506 50 0.040 0.050 0.122 0.157 0.153 0.473 100 0.025 0.035 0.077 0.108 0.136 0.422 150 0.018 0.027 0.056 0.083 0.125 0.387 200 0.014 0.022 0.045 0.068 0.116 0.359
107 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
300 0.010 0.016 0.032 0.050 0.102 0.316
Table 6.3-25 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Wanbian Bridge to Fuxia Flyover in 2020
mg/m3 Southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.176 0.185 0.328 0.344 0.362 0.671 10 0.157 0.171 0.290 0.318 0.356 0.662 25 0.116 0.139 0.216 0.257 0.341 0.634 50 0.083 0.106 0.153 0.196 0.319 0.593 100 0.052 0.073 0.096 0.136 0.285 0.529 150 0.038 0.056 0.070 0.104 0.261 0.485 200 0.031 0.046 0.056 0.085 0.242 0.450 300 0.022 0.034 0.040 0.062 0.213 0.396
Table 6.3-26 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Fuxia Flyover to Kuiqi Bridge in 2010
mg/m3 Southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.083 0.087 0.256 0.269 0.169 0.524 10 0.073 0.080 0.227 0.248 0.167 0.517 25 0.055 0.065 0.169 0.201 0.160 0.495 50 0.038 0.049 0.120 0.153 0.149 0.463 100 0.024 0.034 0.075 0.106 0.133 0.413 150 0.017 0.026 0.055 0.081 0.122 0.379 200 0.014 0.022 0.044 0.066 0.113 0.352 300 0.010 0.016 0.031 0.049 0.100 0.309
Table 6.3-27 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Fuxia Flyover to Kuiqi Bridge in 2020
mg/m3 Southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO CO NO CO side of road) 2 2 B D B D E E 5 0.199 0.209 0.370 0.389 0.409 0.758 10 0.176 0.193 0.328 0.359 0.403 0.747
108 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
25 0.131 0.157 0.244 0.291 0.386 0.716 50 0.094 0.119 0.173 0.221 0.361 0.669 100 0.058 0.082 0.108 0.153 0.322 0.597 150 0.043 0.063 0.079 0.117 0.295 0.547 200 0.034 0.052 0.064 0.096 0.274 0.508 300 0.024 0.038 0.045 0.070 0.241 0.447
(3) For Forecast Results of Ambient air Impact on Kuiqi Bridge, See Table 6.3-28 6.3- 29. Table 6.3-28 Concentration Distribution Status of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on Both Sides of Roads in 2010 Unit: mg/m3 Eastern side of road North wind(2.4m/s) In calm wind Distanc CO NO CO NO e (m) 2 2 B D E B D E B D E B D E 0.17 0.40 0.53 0.06 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.32 0.08 0.09 0.12 5 39 21 3 7 4 4 84 35 42 0 7 4 0.13 0.29 0.37 0.05 0.11 0.14 0.15 0.18 0.23 0.06 0.07 0.09 10 04 36 61 0 2 4 79 87 78 0 2 1 0.07 0.13 0.14 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.03 0.03 0.04 25 27 28 85 8 1 7 48 5 31 2 6 3 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 50 61 01 16 4 5 2 84 75 92 5 4 5 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 14 26 05 4 1 0 95 62 44 4 2 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 150 0 0 0 37 01 1 22 08 03 1 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 04 01 0.00 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 Western side of road Southeast wind(2.4m/s) In calm wind Distanc CO NO CO NO e (m) 2 2 B D E B D E B D E B D E 0.17 0.23 0.24 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.56 0.97 0.04 0.21 0.37 5 0.12 03 59 35 5 0 3 58 87 6 7 5 0.15 0.22 0.24 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.46 0.80 0.03 0.17 0.30 10 69 95 08 0 8 2 82 47 65 8 8 9 0.14 0.22 0.23 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.06 0.30 0.52 0.02 0.11 0.20 25 56 17 48 6 5 0 33 15 58 4 5 1 0.10 0.21 0.23 0.04 0.08 0.09 0.03 0.18 0.33 0.01 0.07 0.12 50 51 25 97 0 1 2 92 88 04 5 2 6 0.06 0.16 0.20 0.02 0.06 0.07 0.02 0.10 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.07 100 4 06 64 4 1 9 16 59 63 8 1 1 0.04 0.12 0.16 0.01 0.04 0.06 0.01 0.07 0.12 0.00 0.02 0.04 150 71 39 78 8 7 4 45 16 66 6 7 8 0.03 0.10 0.13 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.09 0.00 0.02 0.03 200 64 15 99 0 9 4 06 26 34 0 0 6 0.02 0.07 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.02 300 37 47 62 9 9 1 65 18 65 2 2 2
109 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Table 6.3-29 Concentration Distribution Status of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on Both Sides of Roads in 2020 Unit: mg/m3 Eastern side of road North wind(2.4m/s) In calm wind Distanc CO NO CO NO e (m) 2 x B D E B D E B D E B D E 0.38 0.89 1.18 0.13 0.31 0.42 0.46 0.56 0.71 0.16 0.20 0.25 5 62 29 35 8 9 3 28 3 99 5 1 7 0.28 0.65 0.83 0.10 0.23 0.29 0.35 0.41 0.52 0.12 0.15 0.18 10 95 19 52 3 3 9 07 91 81 5 0 9 0.16 0.29 0.32 0.05 0.10 0.11 0.18 0.21 0.25 0.06 0.07 0.09 25 15 48 97 8 5 8 82 1 12 7 5 0 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.03 0.03 0.03 50 02 91 01 9 2 5 52 32 71 0 0 1 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 53 57 1 9 2 0 11 38 98 8 5 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 150 0 0 0 82 02 3 49 18 07 2 1 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 1 02 0.00 0.00 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 Western side of road Distanc Southeast wind(2.4m/s) In calm wind e CO NOx CO NOx (m) B D E B D E B D E B D E 0.37 0.52 0.54 0.13 0.18 0.19 0.26 1.25 2.17 0.09 0.44 0.77 5 81 38 07 5 7 3 65 63 32 5 9 7 0.34 0.50 0.53 0.12 0.18 0.19 0.21 1.03 1.79 0.07 0.36 0.64 10 84 96 47 5 2 1 81 19 08 8 9 0 0.32 0.49 0.52 0.11 0.17 0.18 0.14 0.66 1.16 0.05 0.23 0.41 25 33 23 14 6 6 6 06 95 75 0 9 7 0.23 0.47 0.53 0.08 0.16 0.19 0.08 0.41 0.73 0.03 0.15 0.26 50 34 19 22 3 9 0 70 92 36 1 0 2 0.14 0.35 0.45 0.05 0.12 0.16 0.04 0.23 0.41 0.01 0.08 0.14 100 21 66 83 1 7 4 80 51 37 7 4 8 0.10 0.27 0.37 0.03 0.09 0.13 0.03 0.15 0.28 0.01 0.05 0.10 150 46 51 26 7 8 3 22 90 11 1 7 1 0.08 0.22 0.31 0.00 0.08 0.11 0.02 0.11 0.20 0.00 0.04 0.07 200 08 54 06 0 1 1 35 68 74 0 2 4 0.05 0.16 0.23 0.01 0.05 0.08 0.01 0.07 0.12 0.00 0.02 0.04 300 26 59 58 9 9 4 44 06 55 5 5 5
6.3.4.4 Assessment of Impact on Both Sides of Roads
(1) Concentration Distribution of CO on Both Sides of Road
The forecast results indicate that the concentration of pollutant CO in emission exhausted by motor vehicles on all the sections of the Project can meet the requirements of local environmental function in characteristics predicting years.
110 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
1) Nanjiang Binlu: The forecast results indicate that in predicted characteristic years, the concentration of CO on both sides of all sections is low, not exceeding the requirement of ambient air quality Class .
2) The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road: Concentration of CO at 5 meters in low wind direction: under common weather condition, the long-term concentration of CO (in 2020) is only 0.492 and 0.514mg/m3 under the instability and neutral stability. Under bad weather condition, the maximum concentration of CO is 0.804mg/m3.
3) Kuiqi Bridge: The forecast results indicate that in predicted characteristic years, the concentration of CO on both sides of all sections is low, not exceeding the requirement of ambient air quality Class .
(2) Concentration Distribution of NO2 on Both Sides of the Road
1) Nanjiang Binlu: As per forecast, under common weather condition, NO2 on both sides of roads will not exceed the standard in the characteristic years of 2010, 2015 and 2020.
Under bad weather condition, NOX in emission of motor vehicles will have a great effect on NO2 of both sides of roads. In the characteristic year of 2020, the concentration impact value of NO2 on both sides of section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge will reach 0.27mg/m3 at 50m from outside of road.
After Nanjiang Binlu will have been built, pollution zone of NO2 with different width will come into being in the low wind direction along the road.
2) At 5m in the low wind direction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road: as per forecast, under common weather condition, except that the impact concentration of NO2 on the section from Fuxia Flyover to Kuiqi Bridge will exceed Class in 2020, the impact concentration of NO2 on other sections will not exceed Class of ambient air quality in all the predicted characteristic years.
Under bad weather condition, in the characteristic year of 2020, NO2 of the whole section, i.e., Wanbian Bridge-Fuxia Flyover and Fuxia Flyover-Kuiqi Bridge, will exceed Class of ambient air quality at 5m outside of road, while in other characteristic years, the impact concentration of NO2 on both sides of all sections will not.
3) Kuiqi Bridge: Under common weather condition, NO2 exhausted by motor vehicles will have an effect on ambient air of both sides of bridge, however, the impact value of NO2 at 10m outside of bridge will not exceed Class of ambient air quality and the pollutants almost distribute within 50m of both sides of bridge.
Under bad weather condition, NO2 exhausted by motor vehicles will have a great effect on ambient air on both sides of bridge, for example, at 5m outside of bridge in 2020, the impact value of NO2 is 0.257mg/m3 when northerly breeze is stable, while the impact value of NO2 is 0.777mg/m3 when southeasterly breeze is stable.
111 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
6.3.5 Impact on Sensitive points 6.3.5.1 Nanjiang Binlu:
There are 8 sensitive points of environment air within 300m along both sides, namely residence on Cangqian Road, Yinghua English School, Anlan Assembly Hall, Pacific City, residence from the Second Minjiang Bridge to Paper Manufacturer, Fanchuanpu Catholic Church, and residence on eastern side of South Qianheng Road and residence on western side of South Qianheng Road. These sensitive points mainly distribute on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge and Xianzhou Bridge. The forecast results of mode indicate that the concentration of pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicles on all sections will descend within 50m in the low wind direction; outside of 300m, the concentration is low and will change a little with the increasing of distance in low wind direction. For impact of emission of motor vehicles on sensitive points, see Table 6.3-30 and 6.3-31.
Table 6.3-30 Under Common Conditions, the Impact of Emission of Motor Vehicles on Sensitive points Unit: mg/m3 Nearest 2010 2015 2020 S/ Name Distance distance N CO NO2 CO NO2 CO NO2 (m) Residence on Southern K1+445 1 Cangqian side 0.224 0.074 0.271 0.091 0.319 0.178 K1+476 Road 1.5 2m Yinghua Southern K1+593 2 English side 0.224 0.074 0.271 0.091 0.319 0.178 K1+614 School 3 m Anlan Southern K1+630 3 Assembly side 0.224 0.074 0.271 0.091 0.319 0.178 K1+850 Hall 2 m Southern K2+145 4 Pacific City side 0.164 0.055 0.199 0.067 0.233 0.130 K2+235 19.5 m Second Minjiang Southern K2+235 5 Bridge side of road 0.205 0.068 0.249 0.083 0.293 0.163 K2+315 Paper 1 7m Manufacturer Passing Fanchuanpu K2+315 through 6 Catholic 0.224 0.074 0.271 0.091 0.319 0.178 K2+350 northern Church side GK0+000 Eastern side GK0+37 1.5 7.5m Residence on 0 eastern side GK0+425 Eastern side 7 of South GK0+68 5m Qianheng 5 Road GK0+715 Eastern side GK1+09 5m 0
112 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
GK0+000 Western Residence on GK0+37 side western side 0 1 27.5m 8 of South GK0+425 Western Qianheng G side Road K0+685 7 12m
Table 6.3-31 Under Bad Conditions, the Impact of Emission of Motor Vehicles on Sensitive points Unit: mg/m3 Nearest 2010 2015 2020 S/ Name Distance distance N CO NO2 CO NO2 CO NO2 (m) Residence on Southern K1+445 1 Cangqian side 0.444 0.148 0.539 0.181 0.633 0.353 K1+476 Road 1.5 2m Yinghua Southern K1+593 2 English side 0.444 0.148 0.539 0.181 0.633 0.353 K1+614 School 3 m Anlan Southern K1+630 3 Assembly side 0.444 0.148 0.539 0.181 0.633 0.353 K1+850 Hall 2 m Southern K2+145 4 Pacific City side 0.395 0.132 0.478 0.160 0.562 0.313 K2+235 19.5 m Second Minjiang Southern K2+235 5 Bridge side of road 0.431 0.144 0.522 0.175 0.614 0.342 K2+315 Paper 1 7m Manufacturer Passing Fanchuanpu K2+315 through 6 Catholic 0.444 0.148 0.539 0.181 0.633 0.353 K2+350 northern Church side GK0+000 Eastern side GK0+37 1.5 7.5m Residence on 0 eastern side GK0+425 Eastern side 7 of South GK0+68 5m Qianheng 5 Road GK0+715 Eastern side GK1+09 5m 0 GK0+000 Western Residence on GK0+37 side western side 0 1 27.5m 8 of South GK0+425 Western Qianheng G side Road K0+685 7 12m
From Table 6.3-30 and Table 6.3-31, we know that under common weather condition, the
concentration of CO and NO2 on both sides of road can be up to standard; under bad weather condition, the concentration of CO on both sides of road in 2008, 2015 and 2027 can be up to standard
113 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
and also presents the trend of rising. The concentration of NO2 on both sides of road in 2008 and 2015 will meet the standard while that of pollutants on both sides of road in 2027 will exceed the standard.
3 3 The air quality standard of all sensitive points is: CO 10mg/m NO2 0.24mg/m . Thus it can be
known that the concentration of NO2 at all sensitive points along the road in 2020 will increase greatly, exceeding the assessment standard value.
6.3.5.2 The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road :
There are 8 sensitive points of environment air within 300m along both sides, namely residence at Wanbian Village, residence at Shangqi Village, residence of Yangqi Village, residence at Wushan Village, Pushan Temple, Shigong Temple at Wufeng Village, residence at Wufeng Village, Yixu Water Plant, Xiazhou Village at Pukou, residences at Qianyuan Village and Aoshan Village, Fujian College of Information and Technology and residence at Duyuan Village. The forecast results of mode indicate that the concentration of pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicles on all sections will descend rapidly within 50m in the low wind direction; outside of 300m, the concentration is low and will change a little with the increasing of distance in low wind direction. For impact of emission of motor vehicles on sensitive points, see Table 6.3-32 and 6.3-33. Table 6.3-32 Under Common Conditions, the Impact of Emission of Motor Vehicles on Sensitive points Unit: mg/m3 Nearest 2010 2020 Distance S/N Name Distance (m) CO NO2 CO NO2 Southern side 1 Wanbian Village K0+000 K1+323 0.34 0.11 0.426 0.138 1 16.5m Northern side 2 Shangqi Village K0+672 K0+777 0.254 0.082 0.318 0.171 1 17m Southern side 0.34 0.11 0.426 0.138 9 75m 3 Yangqi Village K0+833 K1+217 Northern side 0.254 0.082 0.318 0.171 1 16m Northern side 4 Wushan Village K3+280 K3+655 0.254 0.082 0.318 0.171 14 36m Northern side 5 Pushan Temple K3+410 K3+455 0.254 0.082 0.318 0.171 8m Shigong Temple at Wufeng Passing 6 K4+120 K4+150 0.275 0.089 0.344 0.185 Village through road Northern side K4+200 K4+334 0.275 0.089 0.344 0.185 2.5 13m Northern side 7 Wufeng Village K4+715 K4+791 0.206 0.067 0.257 0.139 22 47m Southern side K4+515 K4+575 0.364 0.118 0.455 0.147 1 4.5 Southern side 8 Yixu Water Plant K4+575 K4+715 0.34 0.11 0.426 0.138 10m Northern side 9 Xiazhou Village at Pukou K6+750 K6+916 0.275 0.089 0.344 0.185 2 36m
114 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Southern side K6+815 K6+870 0.364 0.118 0.455 0.147 1 13m Northern side K7+257 K7+823 0.275 0.089 0.344 0.185 Qianyuan Village and 1 18m 10 Aoshan Village Southern side K7+173 K7+378 0.364 0.118 0.455 0.147 1 6m Fujian College of Passing 11 Information and K7+780 K7+935 through 0.275 0.089 0.344 0.185 Technology northern side Southern side 12 Duyuan Village K7+947 K8+158 0.364 0.118 0.455 0.147 3 53m
Table 6.3-33 Under Bad Conditions, the Impact of Emission of Motor Vehicles on Sensitive points Unit: mg/m3 Nearest 2010 2020 distance S/N Name Distance (m) CO NO2 CO NO2 Southern side 1 Wanbian Village K0+000 K1+323 0.569 0.184 0.712 0.23 1 16.5m Northern side 2 Shangqi Village K0+672 K0+777 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 1 17m Southern side 0.56 0.181 0.702 0.227 9 75m 3 Yangqi Village K0+833 K1+217 Northern side 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 1 16m Northern side 4 Wushan Village K3+280 K3+655 0.528 0.170 0.662 0.356 14 36m Northern side 5 Pushan Temple K3+410 K3+455 0.528 0.170 0.662 0.356 8m Shigong Temple at Wufeng Passing 6 K4+120 K4+150 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 Village through road Northern side K4+200 K4+334 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 2.5 13m Northern side 7 Wufeng Village K4+715 K4+791 0.506 0.164 0.634 0.341 22 47m Southern side K4+515 K4+575 0.569 0.184 0.712 0.23 1 4.5 Southern side 8 Yixu Water Plant K4+575 K4+715 0.56 0.181 0.702 0.227 10m Northern side K6+750 K6+916 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 2 36m 9 Xiazhou Village at Pukou Southern side K6+815 K6+870 0.569 0.184 0.712 0.23 1 13m Northern side K7+257 K7+823 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 Qianyuan Village and 1 18m 10 Aoshan Village Southern side K7+173 K7+378 0.569 0.184 0.712 0.23 1 6m Fujian College of Passing 11 Information and K7+780 K7+935 through 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 Technology northern side Southern side 12 Duyuan Village K7+947 K8+158 0.569 0.184 0.712 0.23 3 53m
115 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
From Table 6.3-32 and Table 6.3-33, we know that under common weather conditions, the
concentration of CO and NO2 on both sides of road can be up to standard; under bad weather condition, the concentration of CO on both sides of road in 2010 and 2027 can be up to standard and
also presents the trend of rising. The concentration of NO2 on both sides of road in 2010 will meet the standard while that of pollutants at part of sensitive points along both sides of road in 2027 will exceed the standard.
3 3 The air quality standard of all sensitive points is: CO 10mg/m NO2 0.24mg/m . Thus it can be
known that the concentration of NO2 at residence of Shangqi Village, residence of Wushan Village, Pushan Temple, Shigong Temple at Wufeng Village and Fujian College of Information and Technology increases greatly and adding value of concentration is higher than assessment standard value. The concentration of pollutants at residence of Wanbian Village, residence of Yangqi Village, residence of Wufeng Village (K4+515 K4+575), Yixu Water Plant, Xiazhou Village at Pukou (K6+815 K6+870), residence of Qianyuan Village and Aoshan Village (K7+173 K7+378) and residence of Duyuan Village increases a little and adding value of concentration is lower than assessment standard.
6.3.5.3 Kuiqi Bridge
There are 6 sensitive points of ambient air within 300m on southern and northern ends of bridge, namely residence at western side of Kuiqi flyover, residence at northern side of Kuiqi flyover, Kuiqi Primary School, Kuiqi Kindergarten, residence at Waitang Village, Linpu Village and residence at Shaoqi Village. The forecast results of mode indicate that the concentration of pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicles on all sections will descend rapidly within 10m in the low wind direction; outside of 300m, the concentration is low and will change a little with the increasing of distance in low wind direction. For impact of emission of motor vehicles on sensitive points, see Table 6.3-34 and 6.3- 35.
Table 6.3-34 Under Common Conditions, the Impact of Emission of Motor Vehicles on Sensitive points Unit: mg/m3 Property Distance 2010 2020 Location Name CO NO2 CO NO2 Residence Western flyover 0.4021 0.154 0.8929 0.319 1 8.5m Residence Northern flyover 0.2359 0.090 0.5238 0.187 2 31.5m Kuiqi Across flyover Northern Kuiqi Village Primary 0.2359 0.090 0.5238 0.187 end of School bridge Kuiqi Across flyover Kindergart 0.2359 0.090 0.5238 0.187 en Residence Eastern flyover Waitang Village 0.4021 0.154 0.8929 0.319 1.5 21m
116 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Northwestern Southern Linpu Village overhead end of and Shaoqi Residence 15- 0.2295 0.088 0.5096 0.182 bridge Village 50m(K11+600 K1+7 20)
Table 6.3-35 Under Bad Conditions, the Impact of Emission of Motor Vehicles on Sensitive points Unit: mg/m3 2010 2020 Location Name Property Distance CO NO2 CO NO2 Residence Western flyover 0.3242 0.097 0.7199 0.201 1 8.5m Residence Northern flyover 0.9787 0.217 2.1732 0.777 2 31.5m Kuiqi Across flyover Northern Kuiqi Village Primary 0.9787 0.217 2.1732 0.777 end of School bridge Kuiqi Across flyover Kindergarte 0.9787 0.217 2.1732 0.777 n Residence Eastern flyover Waitang Village 0.3242 0.097 0.7199 0.201 1.5 21m Northwestern Southern Linpu Village overhead end of and Shaoqi Residence 15- 0.8065 0.309 1.7908 0.64 bridge Village 50m(K11+600 K1+7 20)
From Table 6.3-34 and Table 6.3-35, we know that under common weather condition, the
concentration of CO and NO2 on both sides of road in 2010 can be up to standard and that of CO on
both sides of road in 2020 can also be up to the standard, while the concentration of NO2 at part of sensitive points exceeds the standard; under bad weather condition, the concentration of CO on both sides of road in 2010 and 2020 can be up to standard and also presents the trend of rising. The
concentration of NO2 at Linpu Village and residence of Shaoqi Village in 2010 will exceed the
standard while that of NO2 meet the standard at other sites. The concentration of pollutants at residence of western Kuiqi Village and residence of Waitang Village in 2020 can meet the standard while that of pollutants at other sites exceeds.
3 3 The air quality standard of all sensitive points is: CO 10mg/m NO2 0.24mg/m . Thus it can be
known that under common weather condition, the concentration of NO2 at residence of western Kuiqi Flyover, residence of Waitang Village increases greatly and adding value of concentration is higher than assessment standard value. The concentration of pollutants at residence of northern Kuiqi Flyover, Kuiqi Primary School, Kuiqi Kindergarten, residences of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village increases a little and adding value of concentration is lower than assessment standard; under bad
weather condition, the concentration of NO2 at residence of northern Kuiqi Flyover, Kuiqi Primary School, Kuiqi Kindergarten and residences of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village increases greatly and adding value of concentration is higher than assessment standard value. The concentration of pollutants at residence of western Kuiqi Flyover and residence of Waitang Village increases a little and adding value of concentration is lower than assessment standard.
117 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
6.3.6 Conclusion 1 CO, under different weather condition, the concentration of CO on different sections during different period is within the limited value. Pollution of CO along the section will comply with Class of ambient air quality. Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge.
2 NO2 Under common weather condition, except for the characteristic year of 2020, the
concentration of NO2 along the section of Two Roads & One Bridge can comply with
Class of ambient air quality in functional zone; under bad weather condition, NOX in emission of motor vehicles will have a great effect on ambient air on both sides of roads,
especially in 2020, NO2 on both sides of roads will be affected obviously with the increasing traffic volume and pollutants Thereof, the air on Nanjiang Binlu still remains
Class of ambient air quality and the concentration of NO2 within 50m of both sides of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge is higher, exceeding Class of ambient air quality. As a whole, the pollution will not become serious.
6.4 Mitigation measures against Pollution of Ambient air
6.4.1 Mitigation measures against Pollution of Ambient air during Construction
In order to minimize as possible the impact of the Project on environment during construction, the following mitigation measures are proposed to be adopted:
(1) The excavated earth of the Project shall be piled collectively in order to reduce the scope affected by dust and backfill in time and reduce the impact time of dust.
(2) Watering during excavation, drilling and removal in order to keep certain humidity; watering loose and dry topsoil in construction field against dust; watering dry topsoil properly when backfilling against rising of dust.
(3) Strengthen the management of piling yard of backfilling earth and establish measures such as compacting surface of earth, spraying periodically and covering etc.; the soil and waste building materials that will not be used any more shall be carried away, not being piled for a long time.
(4) Cement and asphalt concrete shall be transported in sealed tank car. If transported in open vehicles, the materials on the vehicles shall be covered with canvas tightly.
(5) The earth-moving truck and transport vehicles for building materials shall be collocated with scattering-proof equipments as per stipulations. Overload will not be permitted and no scattering shall be ensured during transportation; the routes and time for transport vehicles shall be planned, trying to avoid driving through downtown district, heavy traffic district and updown etc. The transport vehicles shall be covered with canvas and be flushed before loading and unloading in order to reduce the scattering of soil carried by wheels and base plate.
118 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
(6) During construction, waste building materials are forbidden to be burned as fuels. In the dining hall at site, liquefied petroleum gas or electric cookers other than fuel cookers shall be used.
(7) The construction roads shall be kept flat. Full-time personnel shall be assigned for maintenance, repair and sweeping of construction roads to keep clean and good operation.
(8) The warehouse and piling of temporary materials shall prevent materials from being loose and pollution. Around the warehouse, there shall be drainage system preventing from being immersed by rainwater and losing of materials for flow of water.
(9) The pollutants produced from dust, rising dust and fuels will do harm to health of humans, so the constructors who may be affected shall be protected.
(10) During construction, there are many fuel mechanical equipments, so it is necessary to collocate fixed mechanical equipments with smoke and dust removing plant at operating point within 50m of upper wind direction.
(11) If the construction site is located at Old Urban Areas (Nanjiang Binlu), Villages acrossed by the 3rd Ring Road (Phase ) and near Kuiqi Village, there shall be a wall of above 1.8m around the construction site. The main roads of construction site shall be hardened and kept clean. At exits, flushing equipments shall be collocated and the guard and wheels of transport vehicles shall be flushed before leaving the site, leaving with soil forbidden; close mesh net shall be collocated during construction in order to prevent and reduce the spilling of materials, soil and garbage; the materials and garbage shall be transported unclosed, scattering and loading and unloading randomly are forbidden; the materials that can easily produce rising dust such as construction soil, cement and lime shall be covered tightly or stored in warehouse; temporary closed garbage piling shall be set up in construction site for piling garbage and soil that cannot be carried away in time; premixed concrete shall be used in the project with one-time poured concrete of above 30 m3. Cement in bulk shall be used for site mixing of mortar and effective dustproof measures shall be carried on with the equipments for site mixing.
(12)In 3 days after construction site has been removed, soil and garbage shall be carried away while the soil and garbage cannot be carried away in time, they shall be covered tightly; when loading of soil and garbage, watering shall be adopted; within 3 months after removal without construction, the soil uncovered in the construction site shall be covered, hardened or made with tree-planting.
6.4.2 Mitigation measures against Pollution of Emission of Motor Vehicles during Operation
Many problems are involved in controlling pollution of emission of motor vehicles, so a single project cannot control the pollution of emission of motor vehicles, which depends on the development of economy and technology of the whole society. The forecast for the impact on ambient air quality indicates that after the Project has been put into operation, under bad weather condition, the pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicle driven on road will have a great impact on the concentration of
NO2 within 50-100m of both sides of road and exceed the standard. Moreover, the rising dust on road will also have impact on ambient air quality around. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to
119 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City prevent possible pollution for ambient air during execution of the Project. The following measures can be taken in detail:
(1) Ensure the designed driving speed and reduce the pollution of emission. Improvement of driving speed can reduce the emission of CO and HC in emission of motor vehicles. The traffic in Fuzhou shall be considered as a whole and goals for recent, medium and long term shall be made to ensure that the driving speed of 80km/h in road plan will be kept for a long time and avoid reduction of driving speed due to traffic jams caused by connection with network, flyovers and ramp and avoid the pollution to air environment with increased emission of emission.
(2) The control measures for emission of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles on roads of the Project shall be combined with the local and state control policies and measures of emission of motor vehicles. The Employer and Managers of the Project shall execute all the policies and measures made by state and local departments for control of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles and take some corresponding measures to control the emission of emission of motor vehicles on roads of the Project. In detail, the following measures are proposed to be adopted in this report:
A. Forbid passing of the motor vehicles with exceeded emission of pollutants in emission The operating department of this section has the right to forbid passing of the motor vehicles with exceeded emission, which can release, to a certain extent, the ambient air pollution produced possibly by the Project.
B. Strengthen Check and Repair of Motor Vehicles The practice indicates that the emission of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles, to a great extent, depends on whether the engine is under the normal technical status. The exceeded emission of emission is mainly caused by low-level repair and worsening of technology on engine etc. After lead free gasoline and clarifier of emission have been used in motor vehicles, check and repair of motor vehicles become more important. Therefore, check and repair of motor vehicles shall be strengthened to keep motor vehicles in good status and reduce the emission of pollutants in emission.
C. Reduce the Dust Particles on Road Since the rising dust on road is from the dust particles settling on road, reduction of these dust particles means reduction of pollution sources.
D. Since the control of pollution of emission of motor vehicles is a systematic project of a city or an area, control of pollution of emission of motor vehicles driven on several roads cannot settle the pollution of emission at all. So the road management department shall positively cooperate with the government and environment protection department to which roads belong in control of pollution of emission of motor vehicles.
(3) Control measures for diffusion of pollution of atmosphere
A. In order to reduce the impact of NO2 exceeded on residents, it is better that warehouses, stores or office buildings shall be planned within 100m of both sides of undeveloped road. As per the forecast
120 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City results, under bad weather condition, the pollution of emission of motor vehicles will also exceed the standard within 200m, so the sensitive goals such as hospitals or schools shall be avoided in this scope.
B. Tests indicate that the broadleaf arbores on both sides of road can prevent dust and clean pollutants. Make forestation on both sides of road to make full use of the cleaning function of vegetation for ambient air.
6.4.3 Plan and Measures for Control of Pollution of Emission of Motor Vehicles in Fuzhou
The motor vehicles driven on roads are moving sources, so it is not enough to take control measures only for motor vehicles on one or several roads or bridges. The experience at home and abroad indicates the control of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles shall be a systematic project of a city or an area. Therefore the control of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles relates closely to the control policies and measures of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles made by Fuzhou City, even Fujian Province and state.
6.4.3.1 Control Plan of Pollution of Emission of Motor Vehicles in Fuzhou
1) Labeling System of Environmental Protection of Motor Vehicles, i.e., Labeling System of Yellow and Green. Labeling system of environmental protection of motor vehicles, i.e. Labeling system of yellow and green, issued by Environmental Protection Bureau of Shenzhen to National People’s Congress in 2003 shall be carried on in Shenzhen. Shenzhen is the second city of the whole country where labeling system has been carried on. This system has been issued after the personnel of Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau have reviewed the advanced actions of some cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. Different from Beijing, labeling system of yellow and green other than qualification system has been carried on in Shenzhen to classify the environmental protection of motor vehicles. The gasoline motor cars with Euro Standard and the diesel fuel motor cars above Euro Standard will obtain green label; the carburettor motor cars, open loop electrical cars and the motor cars with diesel fuel not up to Euro Standard or above will obtain yellow label.
After clarification, all the motor vehicles in urban areas shall be grouped by Fuzhou government. The motor vehicles with yellow label shall be checked by annual check station once half a year; the motor vehicles with green label shall be checked once a year. Except for this, local regulations shall be made to limit the driving section and slot of motor vehicles with yellow label. Moreover, in order to achieve better work results, advanced electronic monitoring methods such as electronic eye shall be used for check. Cooperate with traffic police and fire fighting department in sharing the detector at crossing to take photos for come-and-go vehicles. Thus manual check can be omitted. The classified license numbers of motor vehicles with yellow label shall be collected into database, when the license numbers entering into the view of electronic eye, the motor vehicles with yellow label or green label can be identified automatically and whether the motor vehicles have broken the rules. The license numbers taken shall be publicized periodically via media.
121 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
2) Environmental supervision has been carried on by Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau. The inspection shall be strengthened and the motor vehicles that emission black emission shall be taken photos or recorded. Electronic proof shall be made for motor vehicles on road and the motor vehicles that emission black emission shall be supervised greatly. The photos of motor vehicles that emission black emission taken by executors from Environmental Protection Bureau on road for a day per week shall be considered as the proof for disposal and punishment of traffic police department or the materials of the motor vehicle shall be disposed by our bureau as per relative laws and regulations after transferred to us from traffic police department. The motor vehicles that break the rules shall be publicized by medias.
3) In New Road Traffic and Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, there is no regulation that traffic police department has the right to punish the drivers whose motor vehicles emission black emission, so it is necessary to add punishment regulations to local laws, including punishment for motor vehicles that emission black emission and acceptance of mitigation at recheck point specified by environmental protection department; rejection in force of the motor vehicles unsuccessful in for recheck twice.
4) The environmental protectors of annual check station shall control and supervise on check line and award certificates to the qualified motor vehicles.
5) Several road check points shall be added in urban areas. At each road check point, there must be a traffic police and two environmental protectors. The times and strength of road check shall be reinforced. Except for fixed road check points, flow road check points shall also be set up to make a sudden check termly or not for motor vehicles on driving.
6) Cooperate with medias positively and make termly the motor vehicles that break the rules and the trends of motor vehicles known and publicize the meanings of the work on motor vehicles to improve the consciousness of people and strengthen our work.
7) For serious pollution of emission exhausted by bus and passenger vehicles, the work emphasis of the next stage shall be put on improving the status of buses and passenger vehicles that emission black emission. We can make a suggestion to city government of rejecting minibuses, thus the phenomenon of emission of black emission from buses can be controlled at the source.
6.4.3.2 Control Measures of Pollution of Emission of Motor Vehicles in Fuzhou
1) Strengthen the Publicity
We have print relevant common sense and management trend of emission of motor vehicles into a magazine of Management of Emission of Motor Vehicles and distribute to some companies such as Provincial Automobile Transport General Company, Fuzhou Huawei Automobile Transport Company and Fuzhou Public Traffic Group Co., Ltd. etc. for daily check and publicity. At the same time we urge traffic companies to edit a book of 50 Problems of Emission Control of Bus that has been distributed to all the fleet.
122 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
2) Control Pollution of Emission of New Motor Vehicles at Source
Prohibition of sale of two-stroke motorcycles and award of driver licenses in urban areas and sale and award of driver licenses for carburettor motorcars difficult to be mitigated with serious pollution can effectively control the extension of pollution produced by motorcycles and carburettor motorcars. Control the renewal of type of taxis. Since July 4, 2002, electric oil ejection technology and three-way emission control device shall be used in renewed taxis. The emission of emission shall comply with the standard of state environmental protection. The pollution of emission exhausted by the taxis used frequently in urban areas shall be gradually controlled at sources.
3) Speed the Steps of Renewal
Urge public traffic companies to reject the motor vehicles whose emission exceeds the standard greatly. Before the New Year’s Day of 2004, 215 minibuses have been rejected and 320 minibuses have been renewed in advance. Tens of motor vehicles will be renewed by the end of this year.
4) Carry on Supervision and Check of Parking Grounds of Motor Vehicles
Continuously supervision and check for buses shall be carried on. In 2003 and the first half year of 2004, 1,949 motor vehicles (once) on 240 routes (once) have been supervised and the up-to-standard rate is 65%. Urge 689 (once) motor vehicles with exceeded emission to be mitigated in limited period; meanwhile, check of samples from part of long distance passenger vehicles parked at 11 motor vehicles parking grounds such as Fuzhou Passenger Transportation Station etc. has been carried on to reduce the extended pollution of motor vehicles with exceeded emission.
5) Cooperate with Traffic Police Department in Annual Check of Emission
The Environmental Protection Department of Fuzhou shall cooperate with Traffic Police Department in annual check of emission of motor vehicles. Only the motor vehicles with emission up to standard can pass the annual check. In 2003, 134,396 motor vehicles at all annual checking stations in urban areas have been checked including 58,884 motor vehicles at Huangshan Annual Check Station, 74,012 motor vehicles at Gushan Annual Check Station and 1,500 motor vehicles at Houban Annual Check Station.
6) Carry on Road Check Together
In 2003, more than 180 personnel from Environmental Protection Department and Traffic Police Department carried on road check for 20 times, check 4,276 samples of motor vehicles with all kinds of types including 167 motor vehicles whose emission of emission exceeded the national standard. For those motor vehicles with exceeded emission, we urge them to be mitigated in limited period and carried on recheck. Traffic Police Department has the right to detain driver licenses and make Notice for Site Record and Disposal of Traffic Peccancy known to drivers.
123 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
7) Encourage Buses to Use Clean Resource
Cooperate with public traffic companies in tests of biologic diesel fuel and emission purifier.
In addition, Opinions on Strengthening Environmental Protection to Accelerate Harmonious Development between Human Beings and Nature has been made by Fujian People’s Government. It requires that “before the end of 2004, the emission of buses burning diesel fuel in urban areas of Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou must be up to the standard”. In order to meet this requirement and try to achieve the goal that the emission of all the buses can be up to the standard before the end of 2004, we have invited the leaders of public traffic companies to have an informal discussion to confirm positively the project of using liquefied natural gas as fuel in buses and settle the problems of emission of black emission of buses fundamentally.
124 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
7 Current Water Environment Status, Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures 7.1 Assessment of current water environment
In order to understand the water environment quality of the region where the project is located, assessment was made on data obtained from water quality monitoring activities carried out in 2003. 7.1.1 Monitoring sections, Items and Analysis Methods Kuiqi Bridge crosses Beigang. Nanjiang Binlu is also located on the south bank of Beigang. We used the data obtained from normal monitoring of Kuiqi and Aofengzhou sections in 2002 to analyze the status of water environment. Nanjiang Binlu crosses 7 inland rivers: Gangtou River, Longjin River, Puxia River, Yujin River, Pandun River, Lianban River and Linpu River. 10 water quality monitoring sections are set here. The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road crosses such inland rivers as Mazhou River, Yixu River, Baihuting River, Luocheng River, etc. 7 water quality monitoring sections are set here. Please see Table7.1-1. Table 7.1-1 Water Quality Monitoring Sections for Inland Rivers Crossed by Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Road Name Section Section S/N Section Monitoring Position Name Gangtou 1 Jufeng Paper Co., Ltd River Longgang Intersection (Meitanlai 2 Longjin Market) River Communist Youth League School of 3 Fujian Province (Shangshan Rd) 4 Puxia River Oliver Factory Fuzhou Liusu (Metallurgical Chemical 5 Nanjiang Plant) Binlu Gaohu District (Automobile Washing 6 Yujin River Plant) Zhengyang Industrial District (Jiafu 7 Color Printing) Pandun Expressway Entrance (Hulu Town) 8 River (Printing&Dyeing Plant, Pig Farm) Lianban Expressway Entrance (CCP Lianban 9 River Villagers Committee Building) 10 Linpu River Linpu Village Mazhou 11 Wushan Jimuqi Water Gate River 12 Yixu River Zhulan Village (Bamen Water Gate) the Phase-II Baihuting Renmin Paper Plant (Baihu Village and Project of 13 River Yingbin Rd) the Third 14 Aoshan (Ebb) Ring Road 15 Luocheng Wucuo Village, Dianqian Village 16 River Zhouwei Village, Zhouwei River 17 Chengmen Village (beside Fuxia Road)
(3) Items monitored
125 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
According to the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.3-93) and the requirements for parameters for water quality monitoring under the similar project, the water environment quality monitoring and assessment of this project can choose the following water
quality parameters: pH, SS, CODCr, DO, BOD5, Ammonia Nitrogen, petroleum, lead, etc
Sampling, preservation, transportation and analysis of these items shall be carried out in accordance with the methods (water and wastewater monitoring and analysis methods) as specified by State Environmental Protection Administration of China. 7.1.2 Assessment Standards For assessment of ground water, the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water shall be used (GB3838-2002); for inland rivers, Class water quality standard shall be used; Class III for Minjiang River and Class II for source water areas. Please see Table 7.1-2 for these standards.
Table 7.1-2 Water Quality Assessment Standards
Assessment Unit Class Class Class Class Factor pH Zero 6 9 dimension CODCr mg/l 15 20 30 40 BOD5 mg/l 3 4 6 10 DO mg/l 6 5 3 2 Ammonia mg/l 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Nitrogen
7.1.3 Water Quality Monitoring Results and Assessment (1) Beigang Section, Minjiang River, Fuzhou We used the data obtained from normal monitoring of Kuiqi and Aofengzhou sections in 2002 to analyze the status of water environment. The results and analysis are shown in Table 7.1-3. Table 7.1-3 Results of Monitoring and Statistics for Water Quality of Minjiang River Beigang Section (2002)
Section Item pH CO BO DO SS Petroleum NH3- Lead DMn D5 N Kuiqi Average 6.92 2.58 1.34 7.08 41 0.04 0.475 0.0016 Value (mg/L) Class III 6 9 6 4 5 -- 0.05 1.0 0.05 Standard (mg/L) Pollution 0.08 0.43 0.34 0.36 -- 0.8 0.48 0.032 Index Aofengzhou Average 6.97 2.53 1.43 7.74 -- -- 0.340 0.0014 Value (mg/L) Class II 6 9 4 3 6 - 0.05 0.5 0.01 Standard (mg/L) Pollution 0.03 0.63 0.48 0.23 -- -- 0.68 0.14 Index
126 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
It can be seen from Table 7.1-3 that, by Class III, the pollution index for Kuiqi is 0.32-0.8 and the water quality conforms to Class III standard, and by Class II, the pollution index for Aofengzhou is 0.14-0.68 and the water quality conforms to Class II standard. This shows that the water quality of Minjiang River Beigang Aofeng – Kuiqi section is good. (2) Inland Rivers Crossed by Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road For water quality monitoring results, please see Table 7.1-4.
Table 7.1-4 Results of Water Quality Monitoring for Inland Rivers Crossed by Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road
Road pH DO BOD COD Ammonia Name S/N 5 Cr Nitrogen Gangtou 0.440 0.903 2.760 1.580 4.115 1 River Longjin 2 0.040 8.740 9.870 9.800 11.450 River 3 0.015 8.380 8.950 2.625 11.300 Puxia 0.170 9.160 12.017 5.167 16.733 4 River 5 0.005 8.515 7.420 4.125 14.700 Nanjiang Yuejin 6 0.125 0.434 1.580 0.828 2.61 Binlu River 7 0.100 0.936 4.820 2.480 11.800 Pandun 0.400 8.515 2.810 1.693 4.355 8 River Lianban 0.225 8.380 10.700 6.050 24.400 9 River Linpu 0.140 8.560 5.800 3.075 19.150 10 River Mazhou 0.335 0.161 5.080 3.950 3.980 11 River Yixu 0.015 7.120 3.420 1.165 8.100 12 the 3rd River Ring 13 0.055 8.740 10.300 5.450 14.550 Baihuting Road(Phase River II) 14 0.350 0.388 2.240 1.618 2.985 15 0.080 0.684 2.660 1.465 4.355 Luocheng 16 0.030 0.386 0.893 0.715 10.700 River 17 0.630 8.065 5.710 2.750 8.950
It can be seen from the above results that: 1 There is an index for the ammonia nitrogen of the crossed inland rivers: for Nanjiang Binlu, the maximum value is 24 times of the index and the minimum value is 2.4 times of the index, and for the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road , the maximum value is 9.7 times of the index and the minimum value is 2.0 times of the index. This is closely related to the fact that, for a long time, the island has discharged a lot of living wastewater and the loss of fertilizers from the agrihistoricalareas from the island.
2 Most of the CODCr and BOD5 values of the sections of inland rivers crossed by Nanjiang Binlu exceed the indexes set in Class V standard. Only the results of very
127 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
few sections monitored are close to Class V water standard. For the 7 sections monitored of the 4 inland rivers crossed by the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring
Road , the CODCr values do not exceed the index. As to the values of BOD5 of the monitored sections, 4 sections exceed Class standard and 3 sections meet Class II- IV standards. 3 For DO, half of the monitored sections of the inland rivers crossed by Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road meet Class V standard, and for ph values, 50% of the monitored sections almost meet the index. 4 The above assessment results show that, in the whole, the water quality of the inland rivers crossed by Nanjiang Binlu is very bad. The rivers can be classified as Class V water bodies. The water quality of the inland rivers crossed by the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road falls within Classes IV-V, so some are bad Class water bodies. Except the pH index, all the rest the evaluated factors exceed Class IV standard. In the whole, the water environment of the inland rivers has been seriously polluted. 7.2 Analysis of Impact on Water Environment during the Construction Period The main impact on the water environment during the construction period is that of the construction of Kuiqi Bridge on Minjiang Beigang. So, quantitative calculation and analysis must be done on Kuiqi. For inland rivers crossed by Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road , only qualitative analysis is needed. 7.2.1 Wastewater from Construction of Kuiqi Bridge and the Impact The wastewater during the period of construction mainly includes the living wastewater and the production wastewater. (1) Living wastewater Living wastewater from the construction area comes mainly from the Employer, contractor, subcontractors and offices. Unless processed, the living wastewater from the construction area shall not be directly discharged into water bodies. Living wastewater includes washing/bathing water from construction personnel, wastewater from the dining hall and lavatory, etc. In addition to living wastewater, there is also living garbage. The living wastewater and garbage are directly discharged into nearby rivers without being treated. The living wastewater produced by the construction personnel (300) is usually low- concentration wastewater. It comes to about 24 cubic meters per day. Among the main pollutions discharged, BOD5 is bout 3.6kg/d, CODcr 6.0kg/d and SS 5.4kg/d. These pollutions shall be properly treated. The specific measures for treatment are given in the chapter dedicated to the measures for environmental pollution treatment. (2) Production wastewater of the construction area The production wastewater of the construction area comes mainly from the foundation pit wastewater, washing water from gravel, machinery, vehicles, concrete mixing and flushing, tank car washing, etc. First, pollution by foundation pit wastewater. Foundation pit wastewater consists of rainwater, construction-used water, etc. The concentration of suspended matter in the water is high. Foundation pit wastewater is collected from foundation digging, concrete pouring, concrete maintenance, washing wastewater and rainwater. If discharged directly without sedimentation, it will affect the downstream sections of the construction area. Second, pollution from wastewater produced by the gravel, sand and
128 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City aggregate processing system. Wastewater of the gravel, sand and aggregate processing system comes mainly from the washing of aggregate. Aggregate must be washed to eliminate the sticky soil and other residues. The wastewater mainly contains suspended matter. The wastewater produced from gravel and sand production has a high SS concentration. So, the wastewater produced from processing of gravel and sand must be treated before discharge. The third is the pollution by wastewater from the concrete processing system. Below is the analysis of the impact of the production wastewater from the construction area on the water environment of Beigang. The production wastewater contains not only suspended matter (sand, etc), but also a lot of oil. This kind of production wastewater is usually treated in sedimentation tanks and the oil/water separation system. The oil content in treated production wastewater is usually below 5mg/L and the content of SS is about 120mg/L. The daily washing water for construction machinery is about 20m3. It takes 3 hours to discharge the washing wastewater after sedimentation and oil/water separation. The method used to forecast in an analog manner the impact of discharged wastewater on the water environment of Beigang is the Bank Discharge Mode of the Stable Mixed Attenuation Accumulative Mode. The formula is as follows:
2 x c Q q 2 ()2Q − q c(x,q) = exp− K c + p p exp− + exp− h 1 86400u h π 4M x 4M x M q x q q q = Huy = 2 M q H uM y Whereinto: x— the distance between the point of forecast and the point of discharge, m; y— the horizontal distance between the point of forecast and the point of discharge, m;
K1— the degradation coefficient of pollutions in the river, 1/d; c— the concentration of pollutions at the point (x,y) of forecast, mg/L;
cp— concentration of pollutions in wastewater, mg/L; 3 Qp— wastewater flow, m /s;
ch— concentration of pollutions in the upstream of the river, mg/L; H—average depth of water in the river, m; 2 My—horizontal mixture (diffusion) coefficient of the river, m /s; u— flow rate of the river, m/s; 3 Qh—flow of the river, m /s; -- pi The construction period of Kuiqi Bridge falls between January 2006 and December 2006. Select the 3 most unfavorable period – the low water season. Qh=600m /s, water depth H=3.0m, river width B=600, degradation coefficient for SS and oil = 0. This assessment forecasts the value-added impact of SS and oil, so ch=0. 2 Use the Bowden method to get the value of My, namely My=0.295uH=0.292 m /s. Table 7.2-1 Impact of SS in Wastewater from Construction of Kuiqi Bridge on Water Environment of Beigang Unit: mg/L X(m)\c/Y(m) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 0.4253 0.0252 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
129 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
30 0.2456 0.0957 0.0057 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 50 0.1902 0.1081 0.0198 0.0012 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 70 0.1608 0.1074 0.0320 0.0043 0.0003 0.0000 0.0000 90 0.1418 0.1036 0.0404 0.0084 0.0009 0.0001 0.0000 110 0.1282 0.0992 0.0459 0.0127 0.0021 0.0002 0.0000 130 0.1180 0.0949 0.0495 0.0167 0.0036 0.0005 0.0000 150 0.1098 0.0910 0.0517 0.0202 0.0054 0.0010 0.0001 170 0.1032 0.0874 0.0531 0.0231 0.0072 0.0016 0.0003 190 0.0976 0.0841 0.0538 0.0256 0.0090 0.0024 0.0005 210 0.0928 0.0811 0.0542 0.0277 0.0108 0.0032 0.0007 230 0.0887 0.0784 0.0543 0.0294 0.0124 0.0041 0.0011 250 0.0851 0.0760 0.0541 0.0308 0.0139 0.0050 0.0015 270 0.0819 0.0737 0.0539 0.0319 0.0153 0.0060 0.0019 290 0.0790 0.0716 0.0535 0.0329 0.0166 0.0069 0.0024 310 0.0764 0.0697 0.0531 0.0336 0.0178 0.0078 0.0029 330 0.0740 0.0680 0.0526 0.0343 0.0188 0.0087 0.0034 350 0.0719 0.0663 0.0521 0.0348 0.0198 0.0096 0.0039 370 0.0699 0.0648 0.0515 0.0352 0.0206 0.0104 0.0045 390 0.0681 0.0633 0.0510 0.0355 0.0214 0.0111 0.0050 400 0.0672 0.0627 0.0507 0.0356 0.0217 0.0115 0.0053
Table 7.2-2 Impact of Oil in Wastewater from Construction of Kuiqi Bridge on Water Environment of Beigang Unit: mg/L X\c/Y 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 0.0177 0.0011 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 30 0.0102 0.0040 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 50 0.0079 0.0045 0.0008 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 70 0.0067 0.0045 0.0013 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 90 0.0059 0.0043 0.0017 0.0004 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 110 0.0053 0.0041 0.0019 0.0005 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 130 0.0049 0.0040 0.0021 0.0007 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 150 0.0046 0.0038 0.0022 0.0008 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 170 0.0043 0.0036 0.0022 0.0010 0.0003 0.0001 0.0000 190 0.0041 0.0035 0.0022 0.0011 0.0004 0.0001 0.0000 210 0.0039 0.0034 0.0023 0.0012 0.0004 0.0001 0.0000 230 0.0037 0.0033 0.0023 0.0012 0.0005 0.0002 0.0000 250 0.0035 0.0032 0.0023 0.0013 0.0006 0.0002 0.0001 270 0.0034 0.0031 0.0022 0.0013 0.0006 0.0002 0.0001 290 0.0033 0.0030 0.0022 0.0014 0.0007 0.0003 0.0001 310 0.0032 0.0029 0.0022 0.0014 0.0007 0.0003 0.0001 330 0.0031 0.0028 0.0022 0.0014 0.0008 0.0004 0.0001 350 0.0030 0.0028 0.0022 0.0014 0.0008 0.0004 0.0002 370 0.0029 0.0027 0.0021 0.0015 0.0009 0.0004 0.0002 390 0.0028 0.0026 0.0021 0.0015 0.0009 0.0005 0.0002 400 0.0028 0.0026 0.0021 0.0015 0.0009 0.0005 0.0002
It can be concluded from Table 7.2-1 and Table 7.2-2 that, after sedimentation and oil/water separation, the production wastewater discharged from the construction area has a low degree of impact on the water environment of Beigang. SS have little impact on the water environment of Beigang; however, oil has some impact on the quality of water near the point of discharge. 130m down from the point of production wastewater discharge, the water quality can meet the Water Quality Standard for Fisheries.
130 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
7.2.2 Impact on Water Environment by Construction of Piers of Kuiqi Bridge (1) Pollution source intensity and selection of forecast equipment Comparative analysis of similar projects shows that the amount of suspended matter produced during the construction of one pile foundation is about 0.108t/h. A steel cofferdam is built around the foundation during the process of construction. At the same time, where the cofferdam is extended to the water body, measures (protection net, etc) are taken to prevent debris and oil from falling into the water body, so the impact of construction of pier foundation on the water environment mainly happens after the cofferdam is removed. The impact is calculated on the basis of 3000 mg/L for SS within the cofferdam. Let’s take as example the construction of pier No.19. The method used to forecast in an analog manner the impact of discharged wastewater on the water environment is the Non-bank Discharge Mode of the Stable Mixed Attenuation Accumulative Mode. The formula is as follows:
2 ()+ 2 − q + − 2aHu q exp exp c Q 4M q x 4M q x = − x + p p c(x,q) exp K1 ch π 2 86400u 2 M q x ()2Q − 2aHu − q + exp− h 4M q x
q = Huy = 2 M q H uM y
Whereinto: x— the distance from the point of forecast to the point of discharge, m; y— the horizontal distance from the point of forecast to the point of discharge, m;
K1—the degradation coefficient of pollutions in the river, 1/d; c— the concentration of pollutions at the point of forecast, mg/L; a— the distance from the point of wastewater discharge to the river bank (0 a B), m;
cp— concentration of pollutions in wastewater, mg/L; 3 Qp— wastewater flow, m /s;
ch— concentration of pollutions in the upstream of the river, mg/L; H— average depth of water in the river, m; 2 My— horizontal mixture (diffusion) coefficient of the river, m /s; u— flow rate of the river, m/s; 3 Qh— flow of the river, m /s; — pi The forecast pier is 190 meters away from the riverbank. Other parameters are the same as above. (2) Calculation results and analysis For the results of calculation of the suspended matter (SS) produced from construction of Kuiqi Bridge on the water environment, please see Table 7.2-3. Table 7.2-3 Impact of SS on Water Environment (foundation for pier No.19) Unit: mg/L X(m)\c/Y(m) 0 20 40 60 80 100 10 2873.74 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60 1173.20 178.38 0.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 110 866.46 310.14 14.22 0.08 0.00 0.00 160 718.43 354.51 42.59 1.25 0.01 0.00
131 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
210 627.10 366.11 72.85 4.94 0.11 0.00 260 563.59 364.91 99.05 11.27 0.54 0.01 310 516.14 358.46 120.08 19.40 1.51 0.06 360 478.96 349.91 136.44 28.40 3.15 0.19 410 448.80 340.68 149.01 37.55 5.45 0.46 460 423.71 331.41 158.59 46.43 8.32 0.91 510 402.40 322.42 165.85 54.77 11.61 1.58 560 384.02 313.84 171.31 62.45 15.21 2.47 610 367.94 305.72 175.36 69.44 18.98 3.58 660 353.73 298.06 178.33 75.75 22.85 4.89 710 341.05 290.86 180.43 81.41 26.72 6.38 760 329.64 284.09 181.85 86.46 30.53 8.01 810 319.30 277.72 182.74 90.96 34.25 9.76 860 309.88 271.72 183.19 94.96 37.85 11.60 910 301.25 266.07 183.31 98.52 41.30 13.51 960 293.30 260.73 183.15 101.67 44.60 15.46 1010 285.95 255.68 182.77 104.45 47.73 17.43 1060 279.12 250.89 182.21 106.92 50.69 19.42 1110 272.76 246.36 181.52 109.10 53.49 21.40 1160 266.82 242.05 180.71 111.02 56.14 23.36 1210 261.25 237.95 179.81 112.72 58.62 25.29 1260 256.01 234.05 178.83 114.20 60.95 27.19 1310 251.08 230.33 177.81 115.51 63.15 29.05 1360 246.42 226.77 176.73 116.65 65.20 30.86 1410 242.01 223.37 175.63 117.64 67.13 32.63 1460 237.83 220.12 174.50 118.50 68.93 34.34 1510 233.86 217.00 173.36 119.24 70.61 36.00 1560 230.08 214.00 172.20 119.87 72.19 37.61 1610 226.48 211.13 171.04 120.41 73.67 39.17 1660 223.05 208.37 169.87 120.86 75.04 40.66 1710 219.76 205.71 168.71 121.23 76.33 42.11 1760 216.62 203.14 167.55 121.54 77.53 43.50 1810 213.60 200.67 166.40 121.77 78.66 44.84 1860 210.71 198.29 165.25 121.96 79.71 46.13 1910 207.94 195.99 164.11 122.08 80.68 47.37 1960 205.27 193.77 162.99 122.16 81.59 48.56 2000 203.20 192.04 162.09 122.20 82.28 49.48 It can be drawn from Table 7.2-3 that wastewater from construction of bridge pier foundations has a high degree of impact on the water environment. However, cofferdams are used in construction of pier foundations, so the impact of wastewater is transient.
7.2.3 Analysis of water environment of inland rivers during the construction period For Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road , most of the wastewater during the construction period comes mainly from construction wastewater and living wastewater.
Construction wastewater includes slurry from digging and drilling activities, cooling and washing water from machinery and equipment, and oil-bearing wastewater from construction equipment operation or maintenance/service. Unless treated before discharge, these kinds of wastewater will have impact on receiving waters.
132 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Because Nanjiang Binlu is going to be constructed within the flood-preventing dam, the living wastewater from local residents, as that from the construction personnel, enters the urban drainage system instead of being directly discharged into Minjiang River. And the living garbage is collected by the environmental protection station for treatment. So the living wastewater and living garbage during the construction period will not produce obvious pollution. The 3rd Ring (Phase II) is also going to be constructed within the flood-preventing dam, but there are no urban underground drainage systems along the route, so measures shall be taken to prevent pollution by living wastewater and living garbage.
Ground water washes the loose soil, construction-used gravel and sand, garbage, abandoned soil, etc, and carries a lot of soil and sand into the Minjiang River and may block the riverbed and water pipes. 7.3 Assessment of Impact on Water Environment during Operation Period 7.3.1 Scope of assessment According to Specifications for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway, the evaluated part of the riverbed of Minjiang River is 200m downstream and 200m upstream from the bridge centerline. 7.3.2 Standard for Assessment The waters crossed by this bridge adopt the Class III of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002), so the standard for assessment is Class III (GB3838-2002). 7.3.3 Content of Assessment and Forecast of Pollution Discharge Volume The assessment focuses on the pollution of rainwater from the bridge ground during the operation period. For water environment risk assessment, please refer to the chapter dedicated to risk assessment. Bridge ground rainwater The bridge itself does not produce wastewater, but most the pollutions from motor vehicles crossing the bridge go into the air or drop to the ground around the road, and are washed by rainwater into water body near the project and may affect the quality of water around the water body. a) Calculation of bridge ground rainwater volume For the method for calculation of the ground water volume of this project, please refer to the method recommended in the article Impact of Road Ground Rainwater Pollutions on Water Environment, Environmental Protection in Transportation (2-3, 1994). The authors of this article is Zhao Jianqiang, etc of the Environmental Engineering Research Institute of Xi’an Road Institute. According to this method, first calculate the average daily rainfall on basis of the average annual rainfall over several years and the average number of rainy days per year in the place where the project is located; then consider the correlation between the heaviness of the rain and its duration. Assume the average daily rainfall is concentrated during the first 2 hours of the shower. Then, the ground water volume is the ground rainflow coefficient BY contaminated ground area BY average heaviness of the rain in the rainflow concentration period. The above calculation can be expressed by the following formula:
Qm =C×I×A I Q/D Whereinto:
Qm —— volume of ground rainwater produced by 2 hours of rain; C —— ground rainflow coefficient of the rainflow concentration area; I —— average heaviness of the rain in the rainflow concentration period; A —— road ground area;
133 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Q —— the average annual rainfall over several years in the place where the project is located; D —— the average number of rainy days per year in the place where the project is located; The same method can be used to calculate the volume of ground rainwater of Kuiqi Bridge. According to statistics of the historical climate information on the region of Minjiang River, the average annual rainfall over several years is 1343.8mm and the average annual number of rainy days is 150 (rainfall over 0.1mm). The ground rainflow coefficient is 0.9, which is adopted for concrete/asphalt road ground in the Specifications for Indoor Designs used in China. The ground area of the bridge is about 42, 200 square meters. The calculated ground rainwater volume of Kuiqi Bridge is 340m3/d (0.05m3/s, 170m3/h). b) Concentration of pollutions in the road ground rainwater Studies, either domestic or foreign, show that the concentration of pollutions in the ground rainwater of roads for motor vehicles is related to such factors as the flow of passing motor vehicle, motor vehicle types, heaviness of rain, cycle of rainfall, road nature, nature of fuels used by motor vehicles, etc. So, generally speaking, it is very difficult to calculate the concentration. The concentration of pollutions in the ground rainwater of Kuiqi Bridge over Minjiang River can use the value obtained from the assessment of impact of expressway on environment in a southern province of China. Please refer to Table 7.3-1 for details. Table 7.3-1 Concentration of Pollutions in Road Ground Rainwater for Adopted for Assessment of An Expressway on Environment (Unit: mg/L) Duration of Rainflow (Minute) Maximum Average Pollution 0—15 15—30 30—60 60—120 >120 Value Value CODCr 170 130 110 97 72 170 120 BOD5 28 26 23 20 12 28 20 Oil 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 3 2 SS 390 280 190 200 160 390 280 Total 0.99 0.86 0.92 0.83 0.63 0.99 0.81 Phosphor Total 3.6 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.3 3.6 3 Nitrogen
It can be seen from Table 7.3-1, the concentration of pollutions in road ground rainwater changes from high to low. The concentration reaches the maximum during the first 15 minutes and then gradually decreases and becomes stable after one hour of rain. Discharge source intensity of pollutions For this project, the discharge source intensity of pollutions can be calculated on the basis of the average value of concentration of pollutions in the ground rainwater of the first 2 hours BY ground rainwater volume of the bridge over the Minjiang River. For calculation results, please see Table 7.3- 2. Table 7.3-2 Discharge Source Intensity of Bridge Ground Pollutions (Unit: Kg/d) Total Item COD BOD Oil SS Total Phosphor Cr 5 Nitrogen Pollutions in Bridge 40.8 6.8 0.7 95.2 0.28 1.02 Ground Rainwater 7.3.4 Assessment Factors According to the pollution discharge condition and the characteristics of water in Minjiang River,
CODcr, oil and SS are selected as the factors to be evaluated.
134 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
7.3.5 Mode of Forecast Use the Bank Discharge Mode of the Stable Mixed Attenuation Accumulative Flow Mode.
2 x c Q q 2 ()2Q − q c(x,q) = exp− K c + p p exp− + exp− h 1 86400u h π 4M x 4M x M q x q q q = Huy M = H 2uM Whereinto: q y x— the distance between the point of forecast and the point of discharge, m; y— the horizontal distance between the point of forecast and the point of discharge, m;
K1— the degradation coefficient of pollutions in the river, 1/d; c— the concentration of pollutions at the point (x,y) of forecast, mg/L;
cp— concentration of pollutions in wastewater, mg/L; 3 Qp — wastewater flow, m /s;
ch— concentration of pollutions in the upstream of the river, mg/L; H— average depth of water in the river, m; 2 My— horizontal mixture (diffusion) coefficient of the river, m /s; u— flow rate of the river, m/s; — pi 7.3.6 Hydrological characteristics From Zhuqi Hydrological Station on, the area of the region of Minjiang River is 54, 500km2. According to the hydrological data collected from Zhuqi Hydrological Station, from 1990 1995, the average annual flow rate is 168m3/s and the average annual flow is 53.2 billion m3. The area of Yongtai Hydrological Station of Dazhang River that runs into Nangang is 4,032km2 and from 1956 1986, the average annual flow is 5.46 billion m3.
The measured minimum flow of Zhuqi Hydrological Station is 196m3/s (1971). After the construction of Shuikou hydroelectric power station (1994), the minimum let-down flow rate is 308m3/s and reaches 511m3/s at Zhuqi Hydrological Station.
Minjiang River splits near Huaian. For the split ratio of Nangang and Beigang and changes of flow, please see Table 7.3-3. Table 7.3-3 Nangang and Beigang Split Ratio Hydrological Period Zhuqi Flow (m3/s) Beigang (%) Nangang (%) Low-water season 600 100.0 0.0 Calm-water season 2200 82.40 17.6 High-water season 8000 55.84 44.16 The tide of Minjiang River is the regular half-day tide. During the low-water season, the boundary of the big-tide area is near Houguan, but the tide can reach as far as Wenshanli. So, basically, during the low-water season, Nangang has no flow from the Jiyuanzhou region and only has tide water. Kuiqi Bridge crosses over Beigang. 7.3.7 Results of forecast and assessment Select the average flow rate during low-water season for forecast. Please refer to Tables 7.3-4 7.3-6 for the results of forecast.
135 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Table 7.3-4 Forecast of Impact of Bridge Deck Rainwater on Water Quality (CODCr) of Minjiang River Beigang Unit: mg/L X(m)\Y(m) 0 10 20 30 10 2.9919 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 30 1.7272 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 50 1.3377 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 70 1.1304 0.0009 0.0000 0.0000 90 0.9968 0.0039 0.0000 0.0000 110 0.9016 0.0096 0.0000 0.0000 130 0.8292 0.0177 0.0000 0.0000 150 0.7719 0.0275 0.0000 0.0000 170 0.7250 0.0383 0.0000 0.0000 190 0.6857 0.0493 0.0000 0.0000 210 0.6521 0.0603 0.0000 0.0000 230 0.6231 0.0709 0.0001 0.0000 250 0.5975 0.0809 0.0002 0.0000 270 0.5749 0.0902 0.0003 0.0000 290 0.5547 0.0989 0.0006 0.0000 310 0.5364 0.1069 0.0008 0.0000 330 0.5199 0.1143 0.0012 0.0000 350 0.5047 0.1210 0.0017 0.0000 370 0.4908 0.1271 0.0022 0.0000 390 0.4780 0.1326 0.0028 0.0000 400 0.4720 0.1352 0.0032 0.0000
Table 7.3-5 Forecast of Impact of Bridge Ground Rainwater on Water Quality (Oil) of Minjiang River Beigang Unit: mg/L X(m)\Y(m) 0 10 20 30 10 0.0499 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 30 0.0288 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 50 0.0223 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 70 0.0188 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 90 0.0166 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 110 0.0150 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 130 0.0138 0.0003 0.0000 0.0000 150 0.0129 0.0005 0.0000 0.0000 170 0.0121 0.0006 0.0000 0.0000 190 0.0114 0.0008 0.0000 0.0000 210 0.0109 0.0010 0.0000 0.0000 230 0.0104 0.0012 0.0000 0.0000 250 0.0100 0.0013 0.0000 0.0000 270 0.0096 0.0015 0.0000 0.0000 290 0.0092 0.0016 0.0000 0.0000 310 0.0089 0.0018 0.0000 0.0000 330 0.0087 0.0019 0.0000 0.0000 350 0.0084 0.0020 0.0000 0.0000 370 0.0082 0.0021 0.0000 0.0000 390 0.0080 0.0022 0.0000 0.0000 400 0.0079 0.0023 0.0001 0.0000
136 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Table 7.3-6 Forecast of Impact of Bridge Ground Rainwater on Water Quality (SS) of Minjiang River Beigang Unit: mg/L X(m)\Y(m) 0 10 20 30 10 6.9811 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 30 4.0301 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 50 3.1213 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 70 2.6377 0.0021 0.0000 0.0000 90 2.3260 0.0090 0.0000 0.0000 110 2.1037 0.0223 0.0000 0.0000 130 1.9349 0.0413 0.0000 0.0000 150 1.8010 0.0643 0.0000 0.0000 170 1.6916 0.0893 0.0000 0.0000 190 1.5999 0.1151 0.0000 0.0000 210 1.5216 0.1407 0.0001 0.0000 230 1.4538 0.1653 0.0002 0.0000 250 1.3943 0.1887 0.0005 0.0000 270 1.3415 0.2105 0.0008 0.0000 290 1.2943 0.2308 0.0013 0.0000 310 1.2517 0.2495 0.0020 0.0000 330 1.2130 0.2666 0.0028 0.0000 350 1.1777 0.2822 0.0039 0.0000 370 1.1453 0.2965 0.0051 0.0000 390 1.1154 0.3095 0.0066 0.0000 400 1.1013 0.3155 0.0074 0.0000
The above forecasts show that, because the concentrations of CODcr, oil, and SS in the bridge deck rainwater are low and the flow rate at Kuiqi section of Minjiang Beigang is high, so the bridge deck rainwater has a limited impact on the water quality of Minjiang River.
137 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
7.4 Assessment of Risk of Accidents on the Bridge during the Operation Period Operation of Kuiqi Bridge will have a certain degree of impact on the water environment of Minjiang River, especially if vehicles carrying hazardous substances fall from the bridge into the river, the water of the river will be seriously polluted, even can threaten the health and life of residents in the downstream region. So it is necessary to carry out risk assessments. 7.4.1 Subsequences or hazards affecting the water quality of the river in cases of traffic accidents If traffic accidents happen to vehicles carrying toxic and/or hazardous substances, the toxic and/or hazardous substances will diffuse with the water flow and cause serious pollution of the water. Toxic and hazardous substances include cyanides, pesticides, “666”, etc. A dangerous river section refers to the section where if human beings drink the water there might be danger of poison, injury or death. Health monitoring shall be carried out in the monitored section to prevent accidents of poison. Traffic accidents cause toxic substances to dissolve in the river. This is called transient-point source pollution. Use the transient-point source 1-dimension river water quality model to forecast the length of the polluted river section and duration of pollution. The formula is as follows: M -(x - ut)2 C(x,t) = exp[ ] 4πDt 4Dt Where M is the intensity of the transient-point source and is equal to the quantity of goods dumped in the river. Suppose M=1t (because different vehicles have different loads, so for the purpose of the Q investigation, assume M=1t); in u = , Q is the waterflow of the river, A is the area of section water A 2 2 2 = passes, D is the diffusion coefficient in the vertical direction (m /s), D=0.011u B /hu*, u* ghI ,x is the distance from the point of forecast to the source of pollution, t is the duration (s) after the source of pollution is put. With this formula, you can forecast the distribution of toxic and/or hazardous substances in the river after traffic accidents happen on the bridge. On basis of this, you can determine the length and duration of each of the dangerous section, monitored section and index-exceeding section. Table 7.4-1 Analysis of and Calculation for Pollution of Traffic Accidents Length of Period of Monitored Period of Index- Period of Dangerous Danger (min) Section Monitoring exceeding Index- River Length (km) (min) Section exceeding (h) Section(m) Length (km) 400 47 3 106 42.5 28 It can be seen from Table 7.4-1 that the hazards caused to the water quality of Minjiang River by traffic accidents involving toxic and/or hazardous substances are high. The length of the dangerous section is 400 meters long and its duration is 47 minutes. It is worth noting that each affected section in Table 7.4-1 refers to the accumulated length of the section and the duration is also the accumulated time. It does not mean that the whole section exceeds the index during the period. In the initial period, it is the upstream section that exceeds the index, but the downstream section is not affected yet; however, later, the downstream section exceeds the index and the upstream section might have already
138 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City been restored to the normal condition. This kind of impact is not frequent, but a potential hazard. The possibility of this kind of impact or hazard shall be assessed by the risk. 7.4.2 Risk calculation In environtology, the general and strict definition of “Risk” is: R (Risk) is the product of P (the probability of accidents) and C (the environmental or health consequences of the accident), i.e.
Hazard of accident generally refers to personal injury or death. So it is usually expressed by the number of deaths. But sometimes it is expressed by economic indexes or other indexes. According to the characteristics of the water environment, this assessment uses the length of the dangerous river section as the consequences of hazards to calculate the risk. If the number of people along the river banks and the number of people of the unit river length are known, it is very easy to convert this into the general risk that uses the number of injuries and deaths as the indexes. 7.4.2.1 Probability analysis of pollution accidents Probability of pollution accidents is expressed by the frequency of vehicles tippling over on the bridge. On the road, many factors are related to the tippling over of vehicles carrying toxic and hazardous chemicals near the waters. These factors include traffic conditions (personal factors of the driver, load of chemical products, speed, traffic flow, road conditions, etc), the weather conditions of the region where the road is located, the length the road crosses the river, etc. Through analysis, probability of these kinds of traffic accidents can be expressed by the following formula:
P=P0·C1·C2·C3·C4·C5
Whereinto: P0 is the frequency of traffic accidents within the original road section, times/year;
C1 is the rate of lowering traffic accidents after the new road is constructed;
C2 is the ratio of trucks among all the vehicle types;
C3 is the ratio of chemical product transportation among the whole quantity of cargo transportation;
C4 the ratio of the river section passed by among the whole section;
C5 is the ratio of vehicles tippling over among general accidents (15%). 7.4.2.2 Analysis and determination of parameters
(1) P0 reflects the frequency of traffic accidents caused by traffic conditions, road conditions and transportation condition of this road section, the local weather conditions, local driver’s personal factors, etc. Because the bridge is a new bridge, now take the data collected from an expressway in the southern part of China. This expressway is 153 kilometers long. The average annual traffic accidents per year from 1985 to July 1991 is 950 times/year. The formula is as follows:
Whereinto, 1.11 km is the length of this project.
(2) C1 reflects the lowered frequency of traffic accidents on the road due to improvements in road conditions, traffic conditions and safety management conditions. This parameter can be determined via
139 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City long-term survey, statistics, comparison and analysis of accidents on expressways and common roads. Data shows that, compared with common roads, the rate of traffic accidents on expressways is 0.25 lower. This project is an urban expressway, so C1 is 0.25.
(3) C2 is the ratio of trucks among all vehicle types. It is predicted in the feasibility study report of this project that in 2010 the ratio of trucks is 45% and in 2020 the ratio is 43%.
(4) C3 represents the ratio of vehicles carrying chemical products among all trucks. For this project, it is 5.13%.
(5) C4 is the length of the river crossed by the road. For this project, it is 360 meters. 7.4.2.3 Calculation results and analysis The probability of pollution-causing traffic accidents is shown in Table 7.4-2. Table 7.4.-2 Probability of pollution-causing traffic accidents on Kuiqi Bridge Unit: % 2010 2020 P 1.95 1.87 It can be seen from Table 7.4-2 that the probability of pollution-causing traffic accidents on Kuiqi Bridge is very low. For the risk, please refer to Table 7.4-3. Table 7.4-3 Risk of pollution-causing traffic accidents on Kuiqi Bridge
2010 2020 R 7.81 7.46 The risk in Table 7.4-3 is expressed by the length of dangerous river section. From Table 7.4-3 it can be seen that the accident hazard in a century is 7.81m of river section (2010) and 7.46m of river section respectively. The risk of accidents is small. 7.4.3 Accidental discharge management and emergency plan
7.4.3.1 Management of accidental discharge Accidental pollution caused by vehicles passing Kuiqi Bridge shall be prevented. To prevent special leakage of dangerous goods during transport, the transportation management authorities shall manage the permits and the public security authorities shall issue the permit for transport. When an accident happens, the local environmental protection bureau, public security bureau and the transportation management authorities shall combine their efforts in handling the accidents. a. Permit for transport To transport dangerous goods, approval shall be obtained from the transportation management authorities and the permit for transportation shall also be obtained. The vehicle shall be in good condition and equipped with fire extinguishing equipment and marks of dangerous goods. Three-wheel automobile vehicles, non-automobile vehicles and motorcycles are forbidden to transport dangerous goods. b. Permit for transport dangerous goods To transport explosives or chemical products, the carrier must hold the permit issued by the public security authorities for transporting explosives or chemical products. c. Emergency measures for accidents The national law on environmental protection states that, when an accident happens, the agency that is responsible or the agency that might be responsible shall take immediate measures, notify the
140 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City organizations and residents that are affected or might be affected, and report the accident to the local environmental protection authorities and other related authorities for investigations. Pursuant to the national laws and regulations regarding water and air pollution prevention and mitigation, and Fuzhou municipal regulations regarding pollution prevention and mitigation, after Kuiqi Bridge is constructed in the future, accidents of leakage of dangerous goods in this section shall be co-handled by the municipal environmental protection bureau, public security bureau and transportation management authorities. 7.4.3.2 Emergency measures for management of pollution incidents Traffic-lead pollution incident shall be prevented. Especially for emergency oil pollution or other kinds of pollution, only emergency measures can be taken. It is important to thoroughly implement the “prevention primary and safety first” policy, which contains the following aspects: (1) The guiding policy for pollution-causing accidents is “prevention primary” and enhancing of management; (2) While investigating into the risk of environmental pollution caused by accidents, establish a corresponding emergency plan to minimize the losses; The precondition for implementing this is to make assessment on the environmental risk of the project. Only after the risk types, probability of accidents and the environmental impact of accidents have been defined can specific measures be taken to prevent accidents from happening, thus eliminating the hidden dangers of accidents or lowering the probability of accidents. The making of an emergency response plan basically includes the following aspects: (1) Establish a system for response to emergency accidents In order to respond quickly to emergency accidents, corresponding organizations shall be established. These organizations include the command and coordination center, information center, monitoring center and post-accident work team. Command center This center shall be headed by the road constructor and includes the environmental protection authorities, drinking water supplying company, water resources bureau, water product bureau, pollution cleaning company, etc. It shall be equipped with complete communications equipment. When allowed by conditions, start up the 110 alert system to improve the efficiency of response. Its responsibilities include establishing the emergency system, coordinating the emergency response multi-lateral relationships and commanding the elimination of pollution-causing accidents. Information center This center shall be organized by the scientific research and study units. Its main responsibilities include giving proposals for pollution-preventing equipment, types of equipment, quantities and the storage place according to the historical data, data on natural resources and results of research, and, on the basis of the types of possible accidents, such as collisions, explosions, etc, quickly and scientifically making the guidelines for dealing with emergency accidents to facilitate the decision- making process of the command and coordination center. At the same time, this center shall follow up on accidents and assess its own work so as to improve the work procedures or adjust the orientation of research. Monitoring center Currently this function is mainly performed by the environmental protection or environmental monitoring authorities. A laboratory shall be established for this purpose. The laboratory shall be
141 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City equipped with corresponding instruments for analysis and testing, such as gas chromatograph, etc. Its main duty is to conduct analysis of the pollution of the whole water environment and submit reports. Post-accident work team This team will consist of professional environmental protection personnel (when necessary, legal advisors can be invited). Its main responsibility is to conduct legal research and carry out negotiations regarding pollution-cleaning costs and claims for damages caused by pollution. (2) Establish the supervision and reporting system An emergency response system mainly establishes an operation plan that is operable and suitable. This plan is very helpful for handling of emergency accidents. It mainly includes issuing notices, assessments, decisions, mobilization and post-accident work, etc. The routine monitoring and information receiving is mainly the responsibility of the constructor that, once an accident happens, receives and information and without delay notifies the command center, etc, and starts up the emergency response system. (3) Training and practices After the emergency plan for accidents has been made, the emergency team (including the water resources bureau, environmental protection bureau, etc) shall, in compliance with the requirements of the plan, carry out practices periodically under presumed conditions and organize theoretic studies to test the operability, suitability and completeness of the plan. In addition, the emergency team shall organize the compiling of Manual for Response to Emergency Accidents. Each member of the team shall hold one copy for reference.
7.5 Measures for Water Environmental Pollution Control 7.5.1 Measures for water pollution control during the construction period
(1) Measures for treatment of living wastewater within the construction area
Living wastewater within the construction area mainly comes from the camps and offices of the Employer, contractor and subcontractors. Use the Anaerobic Bio-treatment Process to treat the living wastewater.
Anaerobic Bio-treatment is the most widely used means of treatment on construction sites. The facilities for treatment are septic tanks. Living wastewater is discharged after being treated in septic tanks. During the process of use, depending on the design parameters of the septic tank, excavate and clear it regularly. The wastes shall be transported to the treatment yard where they will be exposed to strong sunlight and be sterilized.
(2) Measures for treatment of production wastewater within the construction area
Production wastewater within the construction area mainly comes from the washing water of the sand, machinery, vehicles, the floor for concrete agitating and mixing, tank cars, etc.
During the process of separating the sand and stones materials, huge amounts of water will be used for washing. The washing water contains a lot of sand but no other toxic or hazardous matter. Materials
142 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City washing water shall be recycled by the contractor. Sediment it in the deep pits from which the sand and/or stone is excavated. Production-used water will be supplied from Beigang and be sediment for recycled use. Part of the wastewater, after sedimentation, can be sprayed on the worksite to prevent dust. This can not only help reduce the cost of water supply and save water resources, but also lower the cost of pit backfilling.
Wastewater from washing machinery and vehicles contains not only huge amounts of oil but also suspended substances, such as sand, etc. These kinds of wastewater are usually treated in sedimentation cells and oil/water separation systems. In order to treat the production wastewater on the worksite, the contractor has already built multi-level sedimentation cells near the place for vehicle washing. Wastewater of the heavy-vehicle shop, the light-vehicle shop and maintenance shop is discharged via hidden pipes into sedimentation cells. In order to ensure the effectiveness of treatment, oil/water separation cells have been made behind the maintenance shop to pretreat the production wastewater from the maintenance shop. Production wastewater from the maintenance shop is small in volume but high in oil content. After treatment, the oil content in production wastewater is usually below 5 mg/L and conforms to the national Class I standard for wastewater discharge.
The concrete agitating and mixing system has been set up on the site. The wastewater from concrete agitating, mixing and washing is alkaline. The content of suspended matter is high and, besides, the pH value is above 11. After being treated in sedimentation cells, the pH value still exceeds the index. However, because the flow is small, it has a small degree of impact on the main stream of Beigang.
(3) Prevention and treatment of wastewater from construction of the pile foundation and bridge deck
When excavating the pier foundation, sediment/filter the slurry to prevent it from silting in the river basin. So, during the construction period, the constructor shall strictly implement the Temporary Rules for Civilized Construction and Environmental Management on Construction Site and design the system for discharge of ground water to prevent pollution of the roads and environment. 1) Wastewater from maintenance of concrete. To maintenance the concrete, directly spray/brush the plastisol on the surface of the concrete. After the plastisol has volatized, a plastic film will form on the surface of the concrete to isolate the concrete from air. 2) Enhance construction management, especially monitoring over the quality of Minjiang River during the construction period. 3) The piling yard for construction materials shall be far away from ground waters. It shall be free of rainwater flow. The piling yard for powder materials shall be covered with canvas, etc. In addition, an open channel shall be dug around the yard to prevent rainwater flow. 4) When constructing a structure under the water, set up a steel cofferdam around it. At the same time, to prevent slag and oil from falling into the water, set up a preventive net, etc at the place where the cofferdam extends towards the waters. 5) Do not discard the slag from construction of the pier directly into the waters. Transport it to the bank for proper disposal. When transporting the slag up to the bank, effective measures shall be taken to prevent slag from falling in the waters. After being transported to the bank, slag shall be disposed in time. When possible, use it as the roadbase material. Otherwise, after obtaining agreement from related
143 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City authorities, dispose it in a cove where the rainflow is small. Besides, corresponding measures shall be taken to prevent soil loss. 6) Enhance management of construction machinery. Prevent oil leakage from construction machinery and construction vessels.
7) During the construction of underwater structures, enhance communications with the navigation management authorities and reasonably arrange the construction time. Structures at the point of pier construction shall use the warning red color. When necessary, ask the navigation management authorities to dispatch dedicated personnel to guide passing vessels.
7.5.2 Prevention and treatment of water pollution during the operation period During the operation period, the impact of road surface source pollution on the water is small. Obvious pollution often comes from vehicles carrying hazardous goods. Experiences show that the probability of accidents on the bridge that lead to water pollution is very low. However, in order to prevent pollution, corresponding measures shall also be ready in place. During the construction period, rainflow on the bridge deck shall not be directly discharged into the river. It shall be guided into the dike. In addition buffering cells shall be built at the point of discharge, namely at the both ends of Kuiqi Bridge, so that when pollutants are leaked, they can be guided into the cells for treatment. Surveying and comparison shows that, at the worst, two 5T vehicles might collide with each other and cause leakage of 10T toxic substances, so one 10-m3 buffering cells shall be built at each end of the bridge. For management of accidents, please refer to the chapter dedicated to risk assessment.
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8 Status, Assessment and Protection Measures for Cultural property along the Route 8.1 Cultural property
Nantaidao Island is surrounded by rivers, with tranquil environment and enjoyable climate. There are hills, waters and unique historic folk landscapes. There is a batch of reserved buildings of various western styles, such as former Russian and American consulates, Fanchuanpu Church, segmental Gothic and Rome arches, residences of Sino-western combined style. Furthermore, there are lots of Chinese traditional cultural property and site, such as Lingshan Temple at Luozhou Town, Confucian Temple, former Chen Ruolin house, Jianxin Town’s Jinshan Temple, Chengmen Town’s Qingliang Temple, Chen Clan Temple and Ruiji Temple’s white Buddha. Now there are more than 120 developed scenic spots; most of them are cultural properties of Ming and Qing Dynasties, totaling about 84 spots, accounting for 68 . Moreover, there are 22 cultural properties of Han, Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties; modern cultural properties are 17. Three of those historic and cultural relics are province-level historic reservations, 28 municipality-level and 43 district-level, the rest of them are registered cultural properties. Refer to table below for historic and cultural relics and tourist spots at Cangshan District.
Table Main historic and cultural relics and tourist spots at Cangshan District Town Name Jiancheng Jiannan Bridge, Anlan Club, Christian Tiantang, Luyi library, Siwan Building, former District Russian Consulate, former American Consulate, Lin Sen Club, Qingliang Temple, Guangdong Club, Fanchuanpu Catholic Church, Cai Zhonghui Temple, Caixiang Memorial Hall Gaishan Zheng Clan Temple, Qixing Bridge, Yixu General Temple, Chen Ruolin tomb, Yixu Huang Town Clan Temple, Pushan Temple, former Yan Fu House, Wushan Lin Clan Temple, Shanggaishan Miaofeng Temple Chengmen Wen Tianxiang Temple, Pan Clan Temple, Loyal Temple, Baimawang Temple, Shangshu Town Stone Memorial Archway, Jinshi Wood Archway, Linqiao Bridge, Lin Sangshu Clan Temple, Lin Jizhai Clan Temple, Lin Jianquan Clan Temple, Lianjiang School, Temporary Dwelling Palace of Emperor Song, Lin Han Tomb, Longrui Temple, Ruiji Temple Bai Buddha, former Chen Shaokuang House, Chen Clan Temple, Shibu Double-Pagoda, Qingfu Stone Pagoda Luozhou Lingshan Temple, Chen’s Wulou, Chen Clan Temple, Tianhou Palace, former Chen Ruolin Town house, Confucian Temple, Guanlan School Jianxin Jinshan Temple, Xiangshu Clan Temple, Yuping Villa, Chen Dong Loyal Temple, General Town Temple, Jianxin Miaofeng Temple, Longjiang Temple Cangshan Q Kun Temple, Liu Qiu Tomb Group District
Cultural properties that are relatively greatly affected by Nanjiang Binlu are Fanchuanpu Church and Anlan Club. Nanjiang Binlu passes by Lianjiang School and temporary dwelling palace of Song Emperor 200-300m far, so there is no much impact on those two cultural properties.
145 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Nantaidao Island enjoys a beautiful environment. Along Minjiang River and Wulongjiang River are scenic landscapes with lots of peaks and green orchids. There are rich cultural and folk resources, cultural properties and famous historic persons. Overhead Tongsan Highway passes the island. There is an environment combining the nature with cultural and folk landscapes, which are Qingliang Temple and ancient residences and modern buildings. Natural landscapes are forest, wetland, migrant birds, ancient trees and Minjiang water.
Rich tourist resources are potential advantages to develop Cangshan District. Cangshan District adheres to the principle of developing and protecting the existing tourist resources; paying importance to key spots, developing them integrally and mutual promotion. It brings Cangshan’s position advantages into full play and strengthens tourist infrastructure construction. On the basis of rich natural and cultural landscapes, the plan of developing “river, water, beach and island”, it shall develop Gaogaishan, Miaofengshan and Qingliangshan scenic spots; construct Chengmen Huaxia Century Park, Junbian Zoo, Luozhou green resort, Jianxinshazhou and ecologic farm sightseeing park, so as to build a cultural and tourist strip along the river at Cangshan District, which will integrate natural landscapes with cultural relics, attract people from other places to visit, thus promoting the development of holiday economy.
8.2 Impact on Historical Relics and Cultural property Of the environmental protection sensitive points, the most sensitive is the Fanchuanpu Catholic Church. It is located to the south of the route. A length of 80 meters of Nanjiang Binlu will go through the north of the church. The mileage is K2+824 ~ K2+870. Please see Figure 3.7-3.
This church was constructed on the sandy land of Minjiang River in the year of 1933. It is the activity center for Catholic Christians in Fuzhou even in Fujian. Usually on Sundays, about 4000-5000 people attend the mass. In the time of important feasts, tens of thousands of people come to the church. The church itself cannot hold them, so the square before the church serves as the temporary hub for these people. Up to now, this church has received thousands of foreign friends and missionaries. It is an important site for exchange of eastern-western cultures and also the base for our government to show the religious freedom in China. Phase I of Nanjiang Binlu will move part of the dormitory for workers of the church and take part of the square. So Phase I OF Nanjiang Binlu has impact on the church. However, proper measures shall be taken to protect the church. Negotiate with the church to solve the issues of taking part of the square and moving part of the dormitories of the workers of the church.
146 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
8.3 Impact of Nanjiang Binlu on Fanchuanpu Catholic Church and protection measures
8.3.1 Impact of noise and protection measures
8.3.1.1 Impact of noise and protection measures during the construction period
8.3.1.2 Impact of noise and protection measures during the operation period
8.3.2 Impact of vibration and protection measures
8.3.3 Impact on environmental air and protection measures
8.3.4 Comparison and selection of routes of Nanjiang Binlu passing the church
8.3.5 Impact on landscapes and restoration and protection measures
8.3.5.1 Reconstruction proposal after removal of the workers’ dormitories 8.3.5.2 Landscape design plan and construction plan for the church 8.4 Summary
147 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
9 Alternative Proposal and its Impact on Environment 9.1 Route Comparison and Selection for South Jiangbin Road 9.1.1 Comparison and selection of route design 1 Old design proposal Fuzhou South Jiangbin Road Project starts from West Cangqian Road, passes along the north of Nantai Island, intersects with Jiefang Bridge, passes Liuyi Road, Minjiang River Bride and Aofengzhou Bridge, then deviates from the old route until it reaches Jiangbianzhou, Xindangzhou, Puxiazhou of Minjiang River. After that, finally it passes Gushan Bridge (planned) and Kuiqi Bridge (planned). South Jiangbin Road starts from Pile No. 0+000 at Wet Cangqian Road and ends at Pile No. 9+000 of the planned Kuiqi Bridge, total 9.00 kilometers. The road is planned from Pile No. 0+000 to Pile No. 3+350 of Minjiang River, total 3350 meters. The planned width is 50 meters. The width of the rest planned sections is 40 meters. 2 New design proposal Fuzhou South Jiangbin Road Project starts from West Cangqian Road, passes along the north of Nantai Island, intersects with Jiefang Bridge, passes Liuyi Road, Minjiang River Bride and Aofengzhou Bridge. This section is 4.1 kilometers. Then the route turns southward at Fuzhou No.1 Paper Factory, extends southwards the planned Qianhengnan Road, passes the Jiangbian Village and Jinpu community, and connects the existing San’gao Road. This section is 1.13 kilometers in total.
9.1.2 Comparison of Environment-sensitive Points In terms of environment-sensitive points for the section before Fuzhou No.1 Paper Factory, the old proposal and the new proposal are the same. The difference between the old proposal and the new one is: for the old proposal, the route deviates from the flood-prevention dam, passes Minjiang River’s wetlands Jiangbianzhou, Puxiazhou, Xindangzhou and Duimianzhou, then joins the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and Kuiqi Bridge (south); for the new proposal, the route turns south at Fuzhou No.1 Paper Factory and extends southwards, passes the Jiangbian Village, Jinpu community and Qianhengnan Road then Intersects with San’gao Road. 3 Sensitive points of the old proposal The wetland passed by the old proposal is mainly Puxiazhou. Puxiazhou, including Xindangzhou, is located in Beigang, northeast of Cangshan District. The eological environment is diversified, includingzhous, etc. Thezhous have water bamboo. Along the banks and course of the grassyzhou, there are a lot of fishes, shrimps, etc. Because of sand sedimentation in the Minjiang River region, the river course is becoming shallower and shallower. Each year, villagers fill a lot of earth along the river to build houses. This is one of the reasons why the original wetlands are becoming smaller and smaller. A lot of wild geese and ducks live here. 4 Sensitive points of the new proposal For the new proposal, the route passes Fuzhou No.1 Paper Factory, then deviates from Minjiang River wetland, turns southwards (planned Qianhengnan Road) for 1.13 kilometers then joins the existing San’gao Road. It passes Jiangbian Village and Jinpu Community (in construction) and involves removal of 34 buildings (18 in the east and 16 in the west). 203 families will be affected (203 in the east and 66 in the west).
148 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
9.1.3 Comparison of the two proposals Puxia wetland passed by the old proposal does not function as a natural reservoir, but also regulates the rainflow of Minjiang River, reduce the peak floods, regulates the regional climate and humidity, retains and degrades the pollutants of the upstream of Minjiang River, etc. As the main ecological passage of Fujian coast to the inland area and as the wetland chain, it protects the biological diversity of this region and provides a necessary environment for the growth of various water and wet plants. Besides, it is also a very good place for various animals to proliferate, look for foods and live. Especially, it serves as an important and indispensable station for migrant birds from the Asian-Pacific region. In case the South Jiangbin Road passes the Puxiazhou wetland, the wetland will be unavoidably damaged with great impact. Therefore, it is re-routed to South Qianheng Road, which is the best proposal to protect the wetland. 9.2 Route Comparison and Selection for the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) 9.2.1 Comparison of technical indexes of the route (1) Route of the old design According to the old design proposal, the project starts from the planned Wanbian Bridge (north) and ends at Nanjiangbin Xiuxian Road, i.e. the planned Minjiang RiverKuiqi Bridge (south). The total length is 12.474 kilometers. The road width is 100 50 meters. The starting point of the road is the proposed Wanbian Bridge (north). It passes Shangqi Village, Sanbianzhou, Difeng River, Xingmulan Village, Menqian Zhouxin Village, Pukou Village, Qianyuan Village, Aoshan Village, Provincial Business School (north), Duyuan Village, and joins Fuxia Road between Yusanfeng Shoes Company and Futeng Industrial Park. The width of this section is 100 meters. The 3rd Ring Road passes the Fuxia Road intersection, then from the west to the east, along the east end of the fly-over bridge of Fuxia Road of the planned 3rd Ring, passes Chengmenshan, Fuquan Expressway, the planned Kuiqi Bridge (south) and intersects with Fuquan Expressway. A three-layer interconnected flyover will be built. This section is 50 wide. (2) Route of the new design As per the new design, the project starts from the planned Wanbian Bridge (north) and ends at the planned Minjiang RiverKuiqi Bridge (south). The total length is 12.474 kilometers and the road width is 79 50 meters.
The route starts from the planned Wanbian Bridge (north), passes Shangqi Village, Sanbianzhou, Difeng River, Xingmulan Village, Menqian Zhouxin Village, Pukou Village, Qianyuan Village, Aoshan Village, Provincial Information Technology Professional Institute (north), Duyuan Village, and joins Fuxia Road between Yusanfeng Shoes Company and Futeng Industrial Park. This section is 79 meters wide. The 3rd Ring Road passes the Fuxia Road intersection, then from the west to the east, along the east end of the fly-over bridge of Fuxia Road of the planned 3rd Ring, passes Chengmenshan, Fuquan Expressway, the planned Kuiqi Bridge (south) and intersects with Fuquan Expressway. A three-layer interconnected flyover will be built. This section is 50 wide.
9.2.2 Comparison of Environment-sensitive Points Both the new and the old proposals are basically the same. However, the impact degree is different from each other. The new proposal is made upon basis of the original one with certain adjustment to
149 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City reduce impact upon sensitive locations such as the Pushan Temple, the ancient banyan trees in Wufeng Villiage and the Fujian Vocational Technology Institute of Information. Because the width of the route is changed friom 100 meters to 79 meters, the distance between the environment-sensitive points along the route and the project is increased. Among which, Yan Fu Tomb, Residence of Yan Fu and Yangqi Primary School are 100 meters or more from the project and the impact shall be fractional. So, these sites are not listed as the sensitive points; in terms of impact, the distance between the route and sensitive points is increased, so the impact on sensitive points along the route is reduced. For example, according to the old proposal, the route will pass Pushan Temple and requests removal of the staircases in front of the door and the gate of the temple. Now, according to the new proposal, the road, narrower now, is 8 meters from Pushan Temple boundary and 12m to the non-motor lane, the temple will be kept without any demolition. Another example is Fujian Provincial Information Technology Institute. According to the old proposal, three dormitories for the workers of the institute will be removed and the library will be exposed to the road. This will seriously affect the environment of the school. But, according to the new proposal, the road is narrowed and passes the side of the school. Only part of the old playground and part of the rooms for facilities will be removed. The distance from the dormitories of the workers is 3 meters. Compared with the old proposal, the impact is reduced.
Comparison of earth removal amount: Because the route is narrowed and deviates at some sections, especially it deviates northwards at Duyuanshan and Chengmenshan, the new proposal, compared with the old one, involves a much smaller amount of earth removal. Investment in this respect will be reduced.
9.3 Proposal Comparison and Selection for Location of Kuiqi Bridge 9.3.1 Selection of Bridge Position Proposals
Proposal One Kuiqi Bridge is planned for the Nantai Island of Fuzhou to join the downtown area. It crosses Minjiang River and is an important part of the 3rd Ring Road of Fuzhou City. The bridge is located in Kuiqi Village and about 560 meters from the downstream planned Mingjiang River Bridge of Fusha Railway and about 3,340 meters from the planned upstream Gushan Bridge. The river at the this location is about 600 meters wide.
The south end of Kuiqi Bridge is located to the south of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village. It joins Pile No. K11+610 of the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) (equivalent to the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II), goes northward along the planned 3rd Ring Road and crosses Minjiang River. After it reaches the north bank of Minjiang RiverKuiqi Bridge, it joins North Jiangbin Roadinterconnected flyover, which is the end of the brige.
Proposal Two On the basis of the location designed in the original proposal, the bridge is shifted 340 meters northwards. It is 900 meters from the planned downstream Mingjiang River Bridge of the Fuxia Railroad and about 3000 meters from the the planned upstream Gushan Bridge.
150 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
9.3.2 Comparison and selection of design proposals Proposal One 1 Advantages The south end of the bridge is far from the residences of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village and has a limited degree of impact on the residents. 2 Disadvantages The project is close (only 800 meters) to the planned downstream Mingjiang River Bridge of Fuzhou- Xiamen Railway. According to the requiremenets of navigation in rivers, the distance between bridges over the course shall not be less than 1000 meters. So this position cannot meet this request. Proposal Two 1 Advantages As per this proposal, the distance between this project and the planned downstream Mingjiang River of Fuzhou-Xiamen Railway is 900 and can almost meet the requirements for navigation in the river. 2 Disadvantages Because the bridge position deviates northwards, the south end of the bridge is close to the residences of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village and has impact on the residents of both villages.
According to the above analysis, Proposal One is not superior to Proposal Two from environmental point of view; in addition, this project is limited by the requirements for navigation in the river, so Proposal Two is selected.
151 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
10 Relocation and its impact on residents’ life All contents and data in this chapter come from the “Plan on Non-volunteer Resettlement for Urban Traffic Projects of Fuzhou City”.
10.1 Policies and statutes about immigrants’ removal and resettlement
Resettlement policy of the Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and the Kuiqi Bridge Project in Fuzhou City is formulated based on statutes of land acquisition and resettlement of Chinese Government, involuntary resettlement policy of the World Bank (OP4.12) and features of the Project. Existing national, provincial and municipal laws, statues and policies: (1) Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China; (2) Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (Nov.1, 2001) (3) Fujian Provincial Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (Dec.1, 2002) (4) Fujian Provincial Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Monetary Indemnity Temporal Method (Nov.1, 2001) (5) Notice of Implementation of Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations and Fujian Provincial Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (Nov.18, 2000 RZZ (2003). No. 35 Document) (6) Decision on Approving Fuzhou Municipal Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (Jul.28, 2000 MC (2000) No. 14 Document) (7) Guiding Opinions on Fuzhou Municipal Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Monetary Indemnity and Refunding Price (Dec.18, 2001 RFC (2001) No. 205 Document)
10.2 Estimated cost of resettlement and land acquisition for Nanjiang Binlu
There are 480 urban households and 1339 residents involved in Nanjiang Binlu (phrase I). The area of housing demolition is 32,451.78 ( including 374.85 illegal area). Nanjiang Binlu (phrase I) doesn’t need land acquisition. Total expenditure of resettlement is RMB 131,748,861.79 Yuan. The following project of Nanjiang Binlu will occupy some paddy fields and orchards; accessory road of Nanjiang Binlu – Qianhengnan Road also will occupy some paddy fields, dry land and involve removing some houses. Thereinto, the budget estimating of compensation of various lands occupied by Nanjiang Binlu please refer to Table 10.2-1.
152 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Table 10.2-1 Budget estimating of compensation of various lands occupied by Nanjiang Binlu Annual Total Manageme Cost Tax of Contrac Area average compensation nt expense Use fee of Item of farmland t tax Integrate requisition production of land of land land Total Description cleari occupatio Expenseunit price ed (Mu) valve resettlement acquisition (40Yuan/m2) ng n 3 (Yuan/mu) (1.4%) Marshy 900 11880 51750 43.56 3000 72000 1008 26668 6667 3460 field 0 3 71 730 11567 11758 Dry land 101.7 3000 72000 1008 26668 5333 3369 0 8 696 730 90148 Orchard 96.81 2100 50400 706 26668 5333 2712 93119 0 31 Space and 44983 144.1 450 3600 50 26668 910 31228 beach land 86 30446 Total 386.1 985 Qianhengnan Road is an assisting road of Nanjiang Binlu, which occupies land of 76.4 mu totally. Among Remark the occupied land, water area takes 13.4mu; dry land takes 24mu; marshy field takes 25.2mu; flood protection embankment takes 2mu; houses for demolition and resettlement take 11.8mu.
10.2.1 Resettlement and living changes before and after resettlement 10.2.1.1 Affected households There are 480 urban households and 1339 residents involved in Nanjiang Binlu (phrase I). The area of housing demolition is 32,451.78 ( including 374.85 illegal area). 10.2.1.2 Resettlement policy of affected households The policy is formulated on the basis of the Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China, Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations and other relative laws and statutes, and combining with involuntary resettlement policy of the World Bank (OP4.12) and features of the Project in order to ensure immigrants could be compensated for all of their losses and could not be affected in terms of their employment. Compensation standard is formulated according to: (1) Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations; (2) Guideline of Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Evaluating; (3) Resettlement Documentation of Involuntary Immigration OP/BP4.12; (4) Fujian Provincial Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (5) Fujian Provincial Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Technical Criterion; (6) Fuzhou Municipal Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (7) Guiding Opinions on Fuzhou Municipal Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Monetary Indemnity and Refunding Price 10.2.1.3 Principle of residential resettlement (1) According to the actual conditions of most residents relocated due to building demolition by the project studying and working in this region, residential resettling points shall be distributed in accordance with demolition region, taking principle of proximity so that the problem of studying and working could be solved well. (2) Residential resettling points will be designed and constructed according to the requirements of building criterion of Ministry of Construction. Basic facilities (roads, water and electricity, communications and postal service etc.) and social service (school, medical treatment, commercial supporting facilities, greening, etc.) shall be completed. (3) Residential resettlement regions (points) will be set up in the region in which relocated people could be benefited from the Project.
153 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
(4) Communications of residential resettlement regions (points) shall be considered fully and convenient. For example, there are more than two public traffic lines leading to center region. (5) Based on improving immigration services and requirements of immigrants, the project will build up information platform of selecting resettlement houses in order to provide complete choices for immigrants.
According to investigation of wills of affected households, the project will provide various resettlement modes and many resettling points, so the Project has made out preparation plan of house resource primarily, which could satisfy different affected residents. Concrete resettlement modes are: resettlement by existing houses; proximity resettlement by newly built houses; resettlement by second- handed houses and resettlement by monetary indemnity.
The project selects Jinpu District and newly built Gangtou Resettlement District as resettling points of existing houses and newly built houses. There are convenient communications and supporting facilities of living, education and medical treatment in the two districts; there are large-scale supermarkets (Metro), experimental primary schools, Fujian Normal University and Municipal Second Hospital etc in the two districts; there is beautiful natural environment surrounding the district, where residents could enjoy and relax themselves.
Jinshan District is resettling points by commercial housing of monetary indemnity recommended by the Project, which lies on the southern bank of Minjiang River and the Western part of Nantaidao Island, Jianxin Town, the famous flower county of Fuzhou City, in which is provided with good geographic position and beautiful natural environment. Jinshan Road, the backbone road of the district, connects the downtown and Jinshan District through Jinshan Bridge (Liuqiao Bridge). Jinshan Road also connects Jinshan Living District, Fuzhou Western Gate and Minhoushang Street. Fuzhou University City and starting station of Jing-Fu Express Way will be constructed there in the future. There are compete supporting facilities in the district, such as schools, medical treatment facilities, culture and sports facilities, agricultural products market and newly built city commercial and cultural plaza– Rongcheng Plaza, which is concentrated by fallow facilities, shopping and entertainment.
10.2.1.4 Special recovery measures for disadvantageous groups In the section from the planned Jiefang Bridge to Qianheng Bridge of Nanjiang Binlu, there are 44 households, 102 residents of disadvantageous groups involved with the Project. Additionally, there are 27 households, with 54 residents, whose average residential area is less than 45 and without kitchen and toilet. For this poor group, the Project has formulated special resettlement policy in order to make poor group benefit from the Project. Resettlement principle of disadvantageous groups as follows: (1) Make the living standard and quality improved; (2) Provided choosing plans as many as possible; (3) Consider the will and requirement of the group fully and pay attention to implementing process; (4) Provided continuous consideration for the disadvantageous groups to ensure their life could be improved; (5) Provide employment training in free for the disadvantageous groups and give employment chance for the disadvantageous groups in priority as possible or provide shops to them, only collecting rents based on the rent of public housing. For disadvantageous groups, the Project will provide the following help except resettlement and compensation based on Resettlement Policy. (1) People living under poverty line
154 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
1) Agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will distribute them to resettle in the budget resettling points where level of consumption is comparatively low, such as Changpu District etc. There are some top-end and middle-range residential districts, large-scale commercial plaza, professional shopping plaza, hotel and restaurants surrounding so that people could find jobs, such as housekeeping etc conveniently there. 2) In case housings where immigrants live locate near the two sides of the newly built roads, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will contact with relative departments, such as planning and real estate management etc to help change the use of their housings (changing residence as shops) so that people living under poverty line could do business to provide for themselves. 3) Agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will contact with developer that they would be arranged at the first floor as possible (if any) so that they could hold some small shops to provide for themselves. 4) Agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will contact with relative departments such as community service, real estate management, who could provide employment training for free or introduce them to housekeeping, or work in the shops nearby, after immigrants are resettled. On the other hand, agents will provide shops to them, only collecting rents based on the rent of public housing. 5) For those people who have no lease agreement or whose lease agreement is ceased to have effect, but tenants have no residential housings actually, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will resettle them based on relative regulations. 6) For those people who only have illegal housings, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will provide housings, which are provided with comparative living and operating conditions for them, only collecting rents based on the rent of public housing. (2) The poor, old, childless and disabled The Project will pay attention to resettlement of the disabled. When the disabled are removed, some preferential polices will be provide to them. Reasonable consideration of housing, employment will be provided to them as well. For example, poor old people and the disabled would be allocated to live on the first floor so that they would feel convenient; or channel for the disabled will be set up when resettling housings are designed and constructed considering the special situation of the disabled. Regular return visit will be paid to them. The households, which have special difficulty, will be helped or turned over to the local civil administration department. (3) Single-parent family The Project shall consider not only the safety of these kinds of families, but also the employment and study for them; for those who have economic difficulties, corresponding measures shall be taken to help them, such as employment guidance, free training, employed in priority etc. 10.2.1.5 Analysis of resettlement effect Generally speaking, on the condition of ensuring the improvement of living standard and housing conditions of immigrants, the Project considers various factors to provide various choices, from which immigrants could profit, form the Project, and their living conditions could be improved, based on the requirement of immigrants and combining experience of the project in Guangzhou City.
In houses for relocation, all kitchens and toilets are divided. But in households of immigrants, there are 1% of them using kitchen together and 3% of them using toilet together.
155 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
According to resettlement policy of the Project, households of immigrants can enjoy a larger area than their original houses after they are removed from the district of the Project to the resettling points, therefore, all affected households’ housing area are improved.
From the analyses of economy, immigrants could enjoy exemption from transaction tax that is equal to the price of the original house from houses for relocation, and enjoy privilege of cost of houses for relocation on the regulated area; immigrants who select monetary indemnity can obtain compensation for structural replacement of their original houses, therefore, they can enjoy more privileges than voluntary immigrants for demolition and resettlement. All immigrants can profit from the Project.
From the analyses of building structure of residences, more than one half of affected residents who were living in unsafe Brick-timber structure and timberwork housing will be removed to housings of masonry structure, therefore, their housing quality will be improved.
From analyses of the resettling mode, existing houses for relocation take the principle of proximity, instead of long-distance removal. Houses for relocation are near the original
Resettlement by second-hand housings gives more chances to households relocated due to building demolition. Affected households can select second-hand housings of a suitable district and area without any additional burden according to their requirements. Considering that households relocated due to building demolition are provided with bad economic conditions, small housing area and bad housing structure, incorporating experiences of other cities such as Guangzhou City, resettlement by using second-hand houses is a good way of resettlement.
Resettlement in newly built resettling region. According to requirement of town planning, the Project will complete construction of houses for relocation with high standard. The Project will do well on planning of district’s environment, supporting facilities, structure, greening, medical treatment and sanitation in order to make residential standard improved and keep completion and fixed culture of the original community.
Resettlement by monetary indemnity; for affected residents, especially those who have better economic conditions, resettlement by monetary indemnity make them have more choices of selecting new houses for relocation. They can choose the most satisfying housing in the market considering their economic conditions to improve their residential condition and living standard.
For the living environment, residents relocated due to demolition will say farewell to the original housings, where are low, noisy, unsafe, and enjoy spacious, safe and comfortable housing in resettlement district. It is very clear that residential conditions of affected households are improved.
10.2.2 Resettlement of affected commercial enterprises There are 14 shops affected by the Project, with area of housings for demolition of 5649.55 .
For affected enterprises, the Project will take the following measures except compensation in accordance with resettlement policy. (1) There are 60 days for shops for building demolition to prepare removal. The preparation period is calculated from the date demolition notice is issued. In case they suffer difficulties, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will provide suitable help to them. (2) For those shops that are willing to continue to operate at the original location for a time, they will be demolished at last before commencement of the Project so that the project might not be affected.
156 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
(3) Shops are resettled according to the original trade operated. The original shops that were in bad operation can change their trade approved by people provided with Property rights. Agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will take charge of helping them to find suitable operating places. (4) The Project will provide consultation for the above-mentioned shops that would change their operating direction according to the result of analysis of immigration social economic environment. For example, the Project will pay attention to trades that may suffer crisis, such as budget restaurant, retail trade without predominance etc in this district. Agent in charge of demolition and resettlement will help the above-mentioned shops to change their trading direction as selling local delicacy, top-end fruit etc making use of demolition and resettlement to improve operating benefit. (5) In case people provided with Property rights select estimation of compensation cost and are willing to operate by renting in other place, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will provide service for them to help them find suitable shops taken on lease. (6) In case shops in resettling points lack of facilities that are necessary for the original operating trade, immigrants can choose compensation or require agents in charge of demolition and resettlement to recover. (7) In case shops are selected to locate at resettling points, which are planned to buy by agents in charge of demolition and resettlement, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will negotiate with Real Estate Company to give preferential treatment in a proper period. 10.2.3 Resettlement of affected industrial enterprises There are 13 working housings affected by the Project, with area of housings for demolition of 11773.11 . There are 6 workshops and storehouses affected by the Project, with area of housing for demolition of 17640.45 .
For industrial enterprises that are expropriated permanently, the Project will take the following measures except compensation in accordance with resettlement policy.
(1) The intrinsic real estates including lands, housings, buildings, roads, electric power and electricity pipe network etc will be compensated for according to replacement price or recovered in accordance with the original scale. (2) Expense involved with installation and debugging of equipment and losing equipment of industrial enterprises because of removal will be compensated. In case there are difficulties, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will provide help, including engaging experts and cost of it. (3) Agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will provide help on planning and reporting construction during the process of recovery of constructions of industrial enterprises. (4) Industrial enterprises will be allocated in suitable manufacturing district according to industrial layout of Fuzhou City and the original trades of industrial enterprises to ensure requirement of communications, power supply, gas supply and pollution discharge and assure that cost of production of enterprises would not be improved by removal. (5) In case industrial enterprises are willing to change operating direction, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will take charge of arranging them in suitable manufacturing district and help them to realize changing the line of production and transition steadily.
157 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
(6) According to the result of analysis of immigration social economic environment, most of the enterprises of this district are high & new tech-enterprises. There is less space for development of traditional small factories, therefore, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will pay attention to these kinds of enterprises in immigration and provide some help and consultation. For example, factories, which have changed the line of production to provide supporting service such package etc for high & new tech- enterprises, or removed to other manufacturing districts. (7) Industrial enterprises can choose drawing compensation for removal and removal service provided by agents in charge of demolition and resettlement in the process of removal. 10.2.4 Resettlement of affected non-profit units There are 2 non-profit units affected by the Project: Dasuochengxiang Toilet and public toilet near No.6 of Xiatinglong, which are subordinated by Fuzhou Environmental Health Bureau, with involved area of housing for demolition of 82.6 . For non-profit units that are expropriated permanently, the Project will take the following measures except compensation in accordance with resettlement policy. (1) In case expropriated non-profit units are provided with social service, which are necessary in the original community, for example, the only hospital, school and street office etc, the Project will provide resettling point in the same community. (2) In case expropriated non-profit units can be removed, the Project will ask for advice of city planning department to remove them to other district, for example, the Project can readjust and reallocate city resource to make city planning more reasonable taking advantage of removal. (3) Based on complying with relative building regulations, the Project will adjust inner structure and function of the resettling point according to requirements of non-profit units. Taking advantage of removal, the original social service functions and service level will be improved. In case expense on the above-mentioned measures goes beyond the range of compensation, the Project will conduct deficiency balance with non-profit units according to cost of construction. (4) Non-profit units can choose drawing compensation for removal and removal service provided by agents in charge of demolition and resettlement in the process of removal. 10.2.5 Resettlement of affected protected units of cultural relics Lands expropriated by the Project (South Jiangbin Phase I) are involved with Fanchuanpu Catholic Church located on Xinmin Street, Cangshan District. Although the Project does not destroy the main body of the church directly, one statue of Jesus will be removed and offices of the church will be demolished by the Project, with area of 593.93 .
The project will pay attention to protection of cultural relics according to Laws of PRA on Cultural Relics and Guidelines of the World Bank_ Cultural Relics (OP4.11). Concrete protective measures as follows: (1) The staff of the Church will be invited to take part in the process of discussion of road design and construction. The Project will negotiate and listen to advices and suggestions from the Church. The change of the plan will be discussed with the Church. (2) The original church plaza will be kept as much as possible. The direction of planning side of road will be adjusted to move northward to reduce influence on the main body of the Church. The office building and statue of the Church shall be kept.
158 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
(3) Because the Church locates at southern bank of Minjiang River, and the main body lies on the foundation of soft soil, construction of roads shall concern various factors fully to protect the impact on the structure of the Church from fallout of roadbed. (4) Design shall concern about environmental protection and landscape reservation. (5) From comparison of many plans, because the design plan will involve protection of stream shoreline, environmental protection and department of cultural relics, the final confirmation of the plan shall be further proved. 10.2.6 Resettlement of affected infrastructures Pre-planning allocation shall be concerned for recovering measures of facilities that are demolished. In actual operation, measures shall be adjusted to local conditions according to the situation of the site in order to keep safe, high efficient, in time and correct of the work, which could reduce the bad impact on surrounding people as possible.
For affected public utilities, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement shall demolish according to pile layout and construction documents of each road of the Project. Based on no impact on construction of the Project, removal shall be reduced as possible. For removal of affected pipeline, based on not ensuring that normal life of residents along the line would not be affected (including residents who will not remove), agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will demolish after reconstruction (or removal) of pipeline. 10.3 Estimates of compensation of land acquisition, removal and resettlement of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Various quantities of lands appropriated by the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road as the following table:
Compensation quantity statistics of land acquisition, demolition and resettlement of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Project
S/N Unit Project Description Unit Quantity Total Price Price Expense of housing for demolition Brick house M2 66789.34 Among: Normal house M2 62649.55 1165 72986726 Storefront M2 4139.79 1165 4822855 House for sundries M2 20679.65 1165 24091792 Fence M2 1190.538 116 138102 Stone pit 1 200000 200000 Oil-filling station 1 200000 200000 Total Yuan 102439476 Land compensation and allowance for resettlement Vegetable plot Mu 181.38 45670.57 8283659 Dry land Mu 114.23 69548.27 7944726 Other cultivated land Mu 4.28 69548.27 297667 Woodland Mu 105.29 13096.17 1378930 Field Mu 1080.76 41768.49 45141739 Stew Mu 23.35 92711.72 2164820 Pit and unused space Mu 402.97 4668.3 1881169 Total Yuan 67092710 Management expense of land Yuan 169532186 1.4 2373451 acquisition
159 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Management expense of housing Yuan 102439476 2.45‰ 250977 for demolition Expense of reclaiming cultivated Yuan land Vegetable plot, stew Mu 204.73 10000 2047285 Other cultivated land Mu 118.51 8000 948106 Total Yuan 2995391 Vegetable 6931998 Expense of reconstruction of Mu 204.73 plot35000 vegetable plot and stew Stew25000 Expense of using land for value Mu 1921.77 26667 51247399 Occupancy expense of cultivated Mu 323.24 5333 1723965 land Compensation of land Yuan 235055365 acquisition, demolition and resettlement 10.4 Estimates of compensation of land acquisition, removal and resettlement of Kuiqi Bridge According to estimated data of Project Proposal (including pre-feasibility study report) of Kuiqi Bridge Project of Fuzhou City, there are 34.0 Mu of land acquisition, which shall be calculated as unit price of 1077442 Yuan/Mu, therefore, compensation of land acquisition and demolition shall be RMB 3662.29 Yuan.
160 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
11 Public participation
11.1 Purpose and meaning of public participation Main purpose of public opinion survey is: Providing chances for citizens and relative units to express their opinions; Providing chances for the public to exert influence on consequence of development; Improving public creditability of taking various measures on reducing impact of the Project; Solving different opinions or conflicts on environmental problems to eliminate obstruction of the government on the execution of the plan; Satisfying legal requirements of the public; Holding bi- directional exchange of opinions among government official, public officer and citizen to identify main problems of the public and their value viewpoint to make the public realize the plan of the government and relative institutes, make the government understand each optional plan and its influence, thereby the government can make satisfactory decisions.
Pubic participation is an important part of evaluating work of environmental impact and an effective way to make scientific decision. The purpose of public participation makes the Project accepted fully by the public, realizing and grasping popular wishes and popular sentiments and requirements of the pubic about the Project, and then reporting suggestions of the public to relative department in order that relative important problems connected with construction of Nanjiang Binlu and the public could be researched and solved through negotiation. A correct decision or an important project could be obtained the way to solve problems and contradictories in case the public, especially the public who are affected, could support it.
11.2 Investigation Method and Content Article 15 of Decree of the State Council, Law of the People’s Republic of China on Environmental Protection of Construction, Environmental Impact Report formulated by the Employer shall comply with regulations of relative laws and ask for advises of local units and residents.
In accordance with the above-mentioned regulations, three aspects are included in public opinion survey (1) Topics for discussion and problems: Content of public opinion survey must be related with environmental problems and social impact, and be judged by the corresponding laws and statues. (2) Scale: Scale of public opinion survey includes regions that are brought about environmental impact by pollution, which is caused by construction of South Jiangbian Road, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge Project in the scale of assessment. The key scale of public opinion survey includes residents alone the line of the above-mentioned Two Roads & One Bridge, including villager committee and town government of affected district. Questionnaires are distributed. (About 60 copies of questionnaires) (3) Objects: Residents and relative government administrative staff. (4) Method: Investigation via written questionnaires. (5) Content: Experiencing emotion and attitude of the public on the Project on site; filling questionnaires of public opinions; counting main opinions of the public; proposing methods to solve main problems considering public opinions.
161 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
11.3 Public participation on Nanjiang Binlu 11.3.1 First public participation survey 11.3.1.1 Statistics of findings of public opinions on Nanjiang Binlu Project There are 70 copies of questionnaires distributed with 60 effective copies returned. The statistics of outcome of the questionnaires for the public participation survey are shown in Table 11.3-1. Table 11.3-1 Questionnaires for Public Participation Survey of Nanjiang Binlu Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu Project starts from Cangqian West Road, along the north borderline of Nantaidao Island in parallels with Jiefang Bridge, after Minjiang River and Ao’feng Bridge of Liuyi Road, the route deviates from the old borderline Project profile stretching to the new bank borderlines of Jiangbianzhou, Xindangzhou and Puxiazhou of Minjiang River, then the designed Gushan Bridge, at last to the site of designed Kuiqi Bridge. Enterprises Reside Scho Hosp The 3rd Farme Local Environmental Class of the and Others nt ol ital Industry r Protection Authority interviewees Institutions 55 1 4 Question 1: Do you agree with construction of Nanjiang Binlu? Agree Disagree Objection 96.7% 3.3% Question 2: How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Nanjiang Binlu after it is put into use Excellent Good Average Fair Poor 11.7% 75% 10% 3.3% Question 3: Upon completion of the Nanjiang Binlu Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to Excellent Good Average Fair Poor 5% 63.3% 30% 3.3% Question 4: Will construction of Nanjiang Binlu bring any negative environmental impact Disturbance to Impact on water body by Impact on Impact due to residents due to wastewater from the Other factors surrounding sceneries exhaust and dust traffic noise bridge 8.3% 98.3% 51.7% 16.7% Question 5: What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? Noise Waste gases Dust Others 76.7% 21.7% 15% Question 6: upon completion of Nanjiang Binlu project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? Noise Waste gases Dust Others 100% 36.7% 28.3% Do you have any suggestion on preventive measures against the environmental impact during construction of Nanjiang Binlu and after completion of it: See Table 2-2
11.3.1.2 Analysis of the public opinions on Nanjiang Binlu (1) Information and support to the Project Do you know about the Project? 60 persons have answered this question, with 60 of them answered “Yes”, which take 100% of the interviewees.
Do you know about the following situation of the Project? 55 know direction of the road, which takes 91.7% of the interviewees.
Do you agree with construction of Nanjiang Binlu? 58 answered “Agree”, which takes 96.7% of the interviewees; 2 answered “Disagree”, which takes 3.3%.
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(2) Integral social benefit by introduction of the Project How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Nanjiang Binlu after it is put into use 7 answered “Excellent”, which takes 11.7% of the total interviewees; 45 answered “Good”, which takes 75%; 6 answered “Average”, which takes 10%; 2 answered “Fair”, which takes 3.3%. It can be seen from the outcome of survey that most of the interviewees think that construction of Nanjiang Binlu will help actively to improve the overall economic benefit to Fuzhou City. (3) Environmental impact Upon completion of Nanjiang Binlu Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to 3 answered “Excellent”, which takes 5% of the total interviewees; 38 answered “Good”, which takes 63.3%; 18 answered “Average”, which takes 30%; 2 answered “Fair”, which takes 3.3%.
Will construction of Nanjiang Binlu bring any negative environmental impact 5 answered “Impact on surrounding sceneries”, which takes 8.3% of the total interviewees; 59 answered “Disturbance to residents due to traffic noise”, which takes 98.3% of the total interviewees; 31 answered “Impact due to exhaust and dust”, which takes 51.7%; 10 answered “Impact on water body by wastewater from the bridge”, which takes 16.7%.
What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? 46 answered “Noise”, which takes 76.7% of the total interviewees; 13 answered “Waste gases”, which takes 21.7%; 9 answered “Dust”, which takes 15%.
Upon completion of Nanjiang Binlu project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? 60 answered “Noise”, which takes 100% of the total interviewees; 22 answered “Waste gases”, which takes 36.7%; 17answered “Waste gases”, which takes 28.3%.
It can be seen from the above statistics that most of the interviewees think that construction of Nanjiang Binlu will bring impact upon the surrounding environmental quality, and 100% of interviewees think that the major impact is on the quality of noise environment.
11.3.2 Second public participation survey
11.3.2.1 Public opinions on main sensitive points
The second public participation survey was held on Nov. 22, 2004, which adopted interviews upon sensitive points of Nanjiang Binlu Project. Detailed opinions collected please see Table 11.3-2. Interviewees cover relevant residents, people from Resident Committee, school, religious group etc. along the road. Table 11.3-2 Public Opinions on Main Sensitive Points S/No. Description Public Opinions Remarks They support construction of Nanjiang Binlu, considering Yinghua construction of the Project could make sights of Cangqian Road Interviewees are Foreign more beautiful. Interviewees consider that existing traffic noise of teachers of Yinghua 1 Language Cangqian Road is aloud, therefore, construction of Nanjiang Binlu Foreign Language Middle School will not influence on normal educational environment of this Middle School school. They agree line planning and require that construction shall not Interviewees are the An’lan 2 influence stability of housing structure, which is adopted by staff of Cangshan Assembly Hall construction design to propose protective measures. District Culture
163 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Bureau There are so many people on activity day in the Church, therefore they require construction of Nanjiang Binlu shall not take the plaza in the Church; Converses hope the Church could be keep as a whole; Converses advise that Nanjiang Binlu on Fanchuanpu Section Interviewees are the Fanchuanpu 3 would adopt bridging, rounding the Church, therefore the old staff and converses of Church buildings of 70 years old of the Church would not be affected by the Church the construction; The Church lies on lower land surface, in case Nanjiang Binlu will pass through its northern side, difficulties of water discharge will be caused because the ground is lower of 1.5m than the road surface. Interviewee is the local public Interviewees consider that Wetland of Puxiazhou is a god-given Wetland of administration 4 land of Fuzhou City, which shall be protected. Construction of Puxiazhou department of Nanjiang Binlu shall not destroy the wetland. environmental protection Interviewees require changing their land and providing conditions Interviewees are of making a living to make households relocated due to building 5 Linpu Village villagers of Linpu demolition keep their current living standard through working. Village They require compensation for demolition should be reasonable. Residents of the Pacific Town, especially of 7# building, are affected seriously by the noises. We have investigated some households; as a result, they support construction of Nanjiang Binlu because the as-built construction could improve environmental Interviewees are The Pacific 6 quality along the river. For the noises, they consider that the noises owners of The Pacific Town of ships on Minjiang River are also very aloud actually, so they just Town require heavy-duty car should be prohibited to pass during the operation period, and noise pollution and dust pollution should be controlled during construction period as well. Interviewees support construction of Nanjiang Binlu, but they don’t Interviewees are Residents of 7 hope their houses should be demolished. residents along Cangqian Road Cangqian Road Residents in There are a large amount of laid-off workers in the region involved Interviewees are dormitory of with demolition. They live difficultly with bad economic condition. households relocated Aquatic They support construction of urban infrastructure, but they hope the due to building 8 Product & government could help them in case they suffer actual difficulties. demolition in Ocean They suggest that the government could care for them when dormitory of Aquatic Shipping compensation policy on demolition is being formulated. Product & Ocean Company Shipping Company There are 130 households relocated due to demolition of Hebian Resident Committee on Linjiang Road. Most of them are removed. There are 15 households aren’t willing to remove, of whom 3 Hebian Interviewees are households are very difficult so that they couldn’t undertake 9 Resident cadres and residents of expense for buying a house. Please the relative department could Committee Resident Committee resettle them well. There are two households suffering controversy on the area, so please department in charge of resettlement could negotiate well. Commercial School Interviewees are 10 Interviewees support construction of Nanjiang Binlu Gangtou teachers of the school Branch They hope the government could pay compensation for demolition Interviewees are Jufeng Paper 11 on time according to regulations. Compensation could be paid to leaders of the Company the company directly without any intermediate interruption. The company
164 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
government shall allocate suitable land for the company’s removal.
11.3.2.2 Analysis of Public Opinions
(1) Supporting opinions for construction of the Project Most of the public supports construction of the Project. They consider that construction of Nanjiang Binlu could promote economic development of Fuzhou City. Most of interviewees support national construction. Construction of the Project can make sight along the road become more beautiful, provide entertainment place for residents nearby, improve housing condition of residents, who lived in shacks in the past and make the value of land along the road added and communications more conveniently.
(2) Issues worried by the interviewees 1) Interviewees within the range of demolition have concerns upon following issues: Compensation after demolition; There are a lot of laid-off workers along the road. Parts of them are low-income group of the city. Their family financial background is bad and housing area is small. Most of interviewees worry about that they have not enough money to buy new hosing through compensation paid by the government and they couldn’t pay expense of real estate management. Living problem after demolition; Residents who own shops along the street keep their life through renting their shops and commercial operation, therefore they worry about that living difficulties would be met because they couldn’t buy new shops. Problems in Fanchuanpu Church; In case Jiangbin Road locates 20 meters beyond the Church, heavy pressure of the road will cause weak ground base of the Church fallout because weighted unevenly, at the same time vibration brought about by passing vehicles will destroy main body of the Church violently. In case Nanjiang Binlu refers to the original frame, most area of the Church’s plaza and surrounding space will be taken. As a result, team in charge of keeping order of converses will feel very difficult to keep order, and serious hidden trouble will be caused. 2) Interviewees beyond the range of demolition have concerns upon following issues: Households along the road worry about the increase of vehicle flow would bring about not only convenience but also environmental problems of noises and exhausts. Interviewees suggest that vehicles shall be controlled and oversize vehicles shall be prohibited on Nanjiang Binlu except public buses. 11.3.3 Brief summary on public participation opinions 1) Most of the interviewees support Nanjiang Binlu Project; 2) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during planning and design of the road include: They suggest that various plans of designing for roads going through Fanchuanpu Church shall be taken in consideration, including bridging. The plan that could appropriate the plaza of the Church shall be avoided. Suggestions of the Church’s staff shall be asked for in order to solve problems. They suggest Puxiazhou Wetland shall not be appropriated. 3) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during road construction include: It is suggested that the road construction can be concentrated in a considerably short period, so that the inconvenience to residents along the road due to the construction noise could be shortened; the construction site shall be reasonably arranged, with the concrete mixer, bitumen-cooking facilities
165 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
far away from the residential places. Suitable measures shall be taken to prevent influence brought about by vibration on buildings such as An’lan Assembly Hall, Fanchuanpu Church etc; 4) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during demolition and resettlement include: Households relocated due to building demolition along Nanjiang Binlu are low-income families; whose economic condition is bad as well as housing area is small. They suggest that the Employer could set up different resettlement plans for different groups and try to keep housing conditions and living standard of households relocated due to demolition. Suitable land shall be provided to enterprises relocated due to demolition for removal. 5) Issues proposed to take into consideration after the Road opened to traffic: Because many housing buildings will be increased as well as office buildings, pollutions of noises, waste gas, and dust will be brought about after the Road is opened to traffic; they suggest vehicles shall be prohibited. At the same time, oversize motor vehicle and vehicles in transit shall be prohibited. 6) Jufeng Paper Manufacturing has been removed to the new site of the factory with satisfactory in the second investigation.
11.4 Public participation survey on the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road project 11.4.1 First public participation survey 11.4.1.1 Statistics of public opinion survey results of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Project Scope of survey: the scope of public opinion survey covers relevant areas under the environmental impact caused by pollutants during the construction period and operation of the 3rd Ring Road(Phase II) Project, and the key range is the residents along the 3rd Ring Road(Phase II), including the villagers committee and town government in the affected region. About 120 copies of questionnaires are distributed. Objection of survey: including the residents affected and relevant government officials at various levels. Method of survey: questionnaires in writing Content of survey: site survey among masses for public feeling and attitude towards the Project; filling up the public opinion questionnaire and statistics of the main opinions of the public; put forward the resolution for some major questions with the public opinions fully taken into consideration. There are 130 copies of questionnaires distributed with 120 effective copies returned. The statistics of outcome of the questionnaires for the public participation survey are shown in Table 11.4-1. Table 11.4-1 Questionnaires for Public Participation Survey of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Project
166 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Fuzhou 3rd Ring Road(Phase II) Project starts from north of the planned Wanbian Bridge and ends at south of the planned Kuiqi Bridge on Minjiang River, with a total length 12.474km and road width 100~50m. It passes Shangqi Village, Sanbianzhou, Difengjiang, Xingmulan Village, Menqianzhou New Village, Pukou Village, Qianyuan Village, Aoshan Village, north of the provincial business school, Duyuan Project profile Village, Sanfeng Shoes Co., Futeng Industrial Park, and spans over the Fuxia Road cross before running from west towards east, passing along east of the planned Fuxia Road Flyover of the third ring road and across Chengmenshan and Fuquan Expressway, and stops at south of the planned Kuiqi Bridge, where it meets with the Fuzhou-Xiamen Expressway. Enterprises Resi Schoo Hosp The 3rd Farme Local Environmental Class of the and Others dent l ital Industry r Protection Authority interviewees Institutions 10 99 11 Question 1: Do you agree with construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Agree Disagree Objection 90% 8.3% 1.7% Question 2: How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road after it is put into use Excellent Good Average Fair Poor
22.5% 59.1% 13.3% 1.7% 1.7% Question 3: Upon completion of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to Excellent Good Average Fair Poor
7.5% 54.2% 25% 6.7% 0.8% Question 4: Will construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road bring any negative environmental impact Disturbance to Impact on water body by Impact on Impact due to residents due to wastewater from the Other factors surrounding sceneries exhaust and dust traffic noise bridge 12.5% 90% 52.5% 13.3% 0.8%
Question 5: What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present?
Noise Waste gases Dust Others
23.3% 20.8% 38.3% Question 6: upon completion of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? Noise Waste gases Dust Others
85.8% 22.5% 22.5% 0.8%
167 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Do you have any suggestion on preventive measures against the environmental impact during construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and after completion of it: See Table 2-2
11.4.1.2 Analysis of the public opinions on the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Project (1) Information and support to the Project Do you know about the Project? 120 persons have answered this question, with 110 of them answered “Yes”, which takes 91.7% of the interviewees, and 10 answered “No”, which takes 8.3%. Do you know following information of the Project? 80 persons know strike of the road, which takes 66.7% of the interviewees. Do you agree with construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road? 108 answered “Agree”, which takes 90% of the interviewees; 10 answered “Disagree”, which takes 8.3%; 2 answered “Objection”, which takes 1.7%. (2) Integral social benefit by introduction of the Project How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the 3rd Ring Road(Phase II) after it is put into use 27 answered “Excellent”, which takes 22.5% of the total interviewees; 71 answered “Good”, which takes 59.1%; 16 answered “Average”, which takes 13.3%; 2 answered “Fair”, which takes 1.7%; 2 answered “Poor”, which takes 1.7%. Viewing from the outcome of survey, most of the interviewees think that construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road will help actively to improve the overall economic benefit to Fuzhou City. (3) Environmental impact Upon completion of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to 9 answered “Excellent”, which takes 7.5% of the total interviewees; 65 answered “Good”, which takes 54.2%; 30 answered “Average”, which takes 25%; 8 answered “Fair”, which takes 6.7%; 1 answered “Poor”, which takes 0.8%. Will construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road bring any negative environmental impact? 15 answered “Impact on surrounding sceneries”, which takes 12.5% of the total interviewees; 108 answered “Disturbance to residents due to traffic noise”, which takes 90% of the total interviewees; 63 answered “Impact due to exhaust and dust”, which takes 52.5%; 16 answered “Impact on water body by wastewater from the bridge”, which takes 13.3%; 1 answered “Other factors”, which takes 0.8%. What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? 28 answered “Noise”, which takes 23.3% of the total interviewees; 25 answered “Waste gases”, which takes 20.8%; 46 answered “Dust”, which takes 38.3%. Upon completion of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? 103 answered “Noise”, which takes 85.8% of the total interviewees; 27 answered “Waste gases”, which takes 22.5%; 1 answered “Other factors”, which takes 0.8%. Viewing from the above statistics, most of the interviewees think that construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road will bring impact upon the surrounding environmental quality, and 90%
168 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City of interviewees think that the major impact is that on the quality of noise environment and air environment. 11.4.2 Second public participation survey 11.4.2.1 Public opinions on main sensitive points The second public participation survey was held on Nov. 3 - Nov. 5, 2004 that adopted interviews upon sensitive points of the 2nd Ring Road (Phase III) Project. Detailed opinions collected please see Table 11.4-2. Interviewees cover relevant people from the villages, schools, enterprises, villagers’ committees and town government etc. along the road. Table 11.4-2 Public Opinions on Main Sensitive Points S/No. Description Public Opinions Remarks Villagers request that the compensation should be reasonable and wish that the authority in charge of Interviewees are compensation could negotiate with the resettlers resettlers related with directly and pay compensation directly to those Wanbian the Phase-II Project of 1 resettlers. Village the Third Ring Road It is requested to prevent dust pollution during Project and the local construction period; villagers. The piggery in front of the dam requests for area for pig farm. It is requested that the compensation shall be Interviewees are Shangqi 2 reasonable. villagers and local Village enterprises It is requested to protect completely the Tomb of Yanfu, which is located in Aoshan Mountain. The turtle shape of the Aoshan Mountain shall not be damaged, which is also the request from offspring of Yanfu. Otherwise, the foreign investment will be affected while the tourism development will suffer as well. Villagers to be resettled feed back that people build one house all their life and actual measures shall Interviewees are be adopted to protect benefit of those to be Yangqi villagers and teachers 3 resettled with well compensation. Some villagers Village of Yangqi Primary propose that the road shall be routed closer to the School riverside as much as possible so that fewer houses of villagers will be demolished. Teachers from Yangqi Primary School suggest that the construction impact should be minimized and the noise and dust pollution shall be reduced while attention shall be paid to safety of students. Villagers request that the road and bridge shall be of ensured quality. Jerry-built project shall be prevented. Interviewees are resettlers related with They request to exchange with equal land for building the Phase-II Project of Wushan 4 their new house by their own. Arrangement within the the Third Ring Road Village same village is preferred. Project and teachers of Wushan Primary School Pushan The old Pushan Temple shall be protected. Interviewee is the 5 Village abbot of the temple
169 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Villagers near Shuiyun Nunnery request to protect the Shuiyun Nunnery, the ancient banyan trees (hundreds Interviewees are Wufeng of years old) and the Shiziyan historic site; Villagers 6 villagers of Wufeng Village request to protect the Shigong Temple and the ancient Village banyan trees, and the construction shall be slowed as much as possible. It is requested to adopt efficient measures to protect Interviewee is the Yixu 7 water quality at the water intake during the road Plant Manager of the Waterworks construction period. Yixu Waterworks Villagers in this village make living through fishing in Interviewees are Pukou the river. They request to exchange with each area for resettlers related with 8 Xiazhou building of new houses by their own. Pukou Village is the Phase-II Project of Village preferred so that the villagers can carry on fishing and the Third Ring Road the economic resources of them can be maintained. Project Villagers and carders of the village request to protect the ancient forest in Aoshan, the 3 ancient banyan trees, and the grand palace in the time of Interviewees are Aoshan Chen Xiang, the famous ideologist of Lixue in 9 villagers and carders Village Song dynasty. Meanwhile, the ancient well shall of Aoshan Village be protected whenever possible; It is requested to avoid flyover crossing across the village and the dust pollution shall be avoided. Fujian College of The noise and air pollution shall be controlled during Students, teachers and 10 Information the construction and operation period in order to offices of the college and protect the teaching environment. Technology As the road cuts the village in the middle, the village Interviewees are Duyuan will lose lot of lands and there will be great 11 villagers and carders Village difficulties in demolition and resettlement. It is of Duyuan Village requested to re-route the road along the river.
11.4.2.2 Analysis of Public Opinions (1) Opinions For construction of the Project Comparing with the first public participation survey, there are more people supporting construction of the project, considering that the construction of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road has a positive significance for development of Fuzhou’s economy. Meanwhile, construction of the Project will add value to the land along the road and the convenient transportation can attract large amount of investments, which will propel development of the regional economies and the Labour market. (2) Issues worried by the interviewees Interviewees within the range of demolition have concerns upon following issues: 1) Compensation after demolition. The interviewees universally worry that after the present houses are demolished, the compensation paid is not enough to buy new houses while their own economic status can hardly offer the high house-purchasing fee and pay the property management fee. In addition, they worry that whether the compensation committed by the government can be delivered to resettlers on time and in full. Therefore, they ask for direct contact with the government department in charge of demolition and resettlement to negotiate about the compensation
170 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
2) The living after demolition. The formers who lose their land worry about their source of income, fearing that if they are resettled far away from their original places and they can not continue the farming they are presently engaged, and thus they are afraid that the living standard will drop. 11.4.3 Brief summary on public participation opinions 1) Most of the interviewees support the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) Project; 2) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during planning and design of the road include: It is suggested to route the road along the Wulongjiang River. When encountering the villages, the route shall roundabout the village as much as possible in order to occupy less farm land and demolish fewer houses; It is suggested to avoid the historic sites, concentrated woods and ancient trees during planning; Flyover crossing shall be avoided whenever possible when the road is crossing the villages. 3) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during road construction include: It is suggested that the road construction can be concentrated in a considerably short period, so that the inconvenience to residents along the road due to the construction noise could be shortened; the construction site shall be reasonably arranged, with the concrete mixer, bitumen cooking facilities far away from the residential places. 4) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during demolition and resettlement include: The compensation for demolition shall be reasonable and direct negotiation on demolition between the Employer and resettlers is expected. Meanwhile, the compensation for demolition shall be directly paid to the resettlers; It is suggested to take into consideration the living habits and living demands of those resettlers and give them equal area of land for building their house independently; It is suggested to give appropriate compensation to farmers who lost the land so that they can maintain the current living level, which has active meaning for social stability. 11.5 First public participation survey on the Kuiqi Bridge project 11.5.1 First public participation survey Scope of survey: the scope of public opinion survey covers relevant areas under the environmental impact caused by pollutants during the construction period and operation of the Kuiqi Bridge Project and the key range is the residents at north and south of the bridge, including the villagers committee in the affected region. About 40 copies of questionnaires are distributed. Objection of survey: including the residents affected and relevant government officials at various levels. Method of survey: questionnaires in writing Content of survey: site survey among masses for public feeling and attitude towards the Project; filling up the public opinion questionnaire and statistics of the main opinions of the public; put forward the resolution for some major questions with the public opinions fully taken into consideration.
171 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
11.5.1.1 Statistics and analysis of public opinion survey results There are 45 copies of questionnaires distributed with 40 effective copies returned. The statistics of outcome of the questionnaires for the public participation survey are shown in Table 11.5-1. Table 11.5-1 Questionnaires for Public Participation Survey of Kuiqi Bridge Project The Kuiqi Bridge, which spans the Minjiang River, is a bridge planned to connect the Nantaidao Island to the downtown area of Fuzhou City. It is a critical component of the 3rd Ring Road of Fuzhou City. The location of the bridge is selected at Kuiqi Village. Project Profile The project starts from south of the Kuiqi Bridge, overspaning the Nanjiang Binlu and equal to Pile No. k11+610 of the 3rd Ring Road(Phase II) Project; it ends at the interconnected flyover where the north of the bridge, the North Jiangbin Road and the expressway (Phase II) of planned Changle International Airport are met. Enterprises Resi Schoo Hosp The 3rd Farme Local Environmental Class of the and Others dent l ital Industry r Protection Authority interviewees Institutions 36 3 1 Question 1: Do you agree with construction of the Kuiqi Bridge Agree Disagree Objection 95% 5% Question 2: How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Kuiqi Bridge after it is put into use Excellent Good Average Fair Poor
17.5% 65% 17.5% Question 3: Upon completion of the Kuiqi Bridge Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to Excellent Good Average Fair Poor
2.5% 57.5% 40%
Question 4: Will construction of the Kuiqi Bridge bring any negative environmental impact Disturbance to Impact on water body by Impact on Impact due to residents due to wastewater from the Other factors surrounding sceneries exhaust and dust traffic noise bridge 12.5% 100% 67.5% 25%
Question 5: What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present?
Noise Waste gases Dust Others
30% 5% 52.5% Question 6: upon completion of Kuiqi Bridge project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? Noise Waste gases Dust Others
172 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
100% 12.5% 30%
Do you have any suggestion on preventive measures against the environmental impact during construction of Kuiqi Bridge and after completion of it: See Table 2-2
11.5.1.2 Analysis of the public opinions (1) Information and support to the Project Do you know about the Project? 40 persons have answered this question, with 38 of them answered “Yes”, which takes 95% of the interviewees, and 2 answered “No”, which takes 5%. Do you know following information of the Project? 30 persons know location of the bridge at both the south and north together with its strike, which takes 75% of the interviewees. Do you agree with construction of the Kuiqi Bridge? 38 answered “Agree”, which takes 95% of the interviewees; 2 answered “Disagree”, which takes 5%. (2) Integral social benefit by introduction of the Project How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Kuiqi Bridge after it is put into use 7 answered “Excellent”, which takes 17.5% of the total interviewees; 26 answered “Good”, which takes 65%; 7 answered “Average”, which takes 17.5%. Viewing from the outcome of survey, most of the interviewees think that construction of the Kuiqi Bridge will help actively to improve the overall economic benefit to the region. (3) Environmental impact Upon completion of the Kuiqi Bridge Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to? 1 person answered "Excellent”, which takes 2.5% of the total interviewees; 23 answered “Good”, which takes 57.5%; 16 answered “Average”, which takes 40%. Will construction of the Kuiqi Bridge bring any negative environmental impact? 5 answered “Impact on surrounding sceneries”, which takes 12.5% of the total interviewees; 40 answered “Disturbance to residents due to traffic noise”, which takes 100% of the total interviewees; 27 answered “Impact due to exhaust and dust”, which takes 67.5%; 10 answered “Impact on water body by wastewater from the bridge”, which takes 25%. What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? 12 answered “Noise”, which takes 30% of the total interviewees; 2 answered “Waste gases”, which takes 5%; 21 answered “Dust”, which takes 52.5%. Upon completion of Kuiqi Bridge project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? 40 answered “Noise”, which takes 100% of the total interviewees; 5 answered “Waste gases”, which takes 12.5%; 12 answered “Dust”, which takes 30%. Viewing from the above statistics, most of the interviewees think that construction of the Kuiqi Bridge will bring impact upon the surrounding environmental quality, and 100% of interviewees think that the major impact is that on the quality of noise environment.
173 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
11.5.2 Second public participation survey 11.5.2.1 Public opinions on main sensitive points The second public participation survey was held on Nov. 18, 2004 The interviewers have visited the villagers, villagers committees and relevant enterprises in Linpu Village, Shaoqi Village and Kuiqi Village. Detailed opinions collected please see Table 11.5-2. Table 11.5-2 Public Opinions on Main Sensitive Points S/No. Description Public Opinions Remarks Linpu has many historic culture relics, such as the Ancient Emplacements, Linpu college and Temple of Song Emperor, which needs careful protection; At the bridge location, there are three lime factories and residents who require compensation for demolition and resettlement for areas suitable for factories of this kind. Moreover, a few chicken, duck and cattle farms also put forward the similar issues Interviewees are and villagers wish that the government could take resettlers, local their practicalities into consideration and offer them villagers, proper location to feed poultries and livestock, so Linpu managers of that their living standards will not be degraded; Village and waterworks and 1 Linpu waterworks is a plant that produces 4,000 ton tap Shaoqi enterprisers water per day. Its water intertake lies by side of the Village related with the bridge, where is awfully affected by the construction Kuiqi Bridge and operation. Therefore, the waterworks require Project economic compensation because more water purification agent would be required as the river becomes muddy during the construction period; About 3,000 m2 of the new workshop of Changhui Construction Steel structure Factory will be demolished while the Changfa Sand Chair Factory will also be demolished. Consequently, they claim that the route should be shifted closer to the mountain. Make the route towards border of the village as much Interviewees are as possible so that less houses will be demolished; Kuiqi the villagers, 2 Use the Jiufu road as the bridge approach; Village village cadres and During the period of construction, the dust pollution merchants. should be controlled.
11.5.2.2 Analysis of Public Opinions (1) Opinions For construction of the Project The mass public support construction of the project, considering that the construction of Kuiqi Bridge has a positive significance for development of regional economies while it facilitates the travel of local people as well. Presently, the local people come and go across the Minjiang River mainly by the small powerboat, which has low safety coefficient, especially in the flood season when there exists hidden safety hazards. Meanwhile, construction of the Project will add value to the land at both ends of the bridge and the convenient transportation can attract large amount of investments, which will propel development of the regional economies and the labour market. (2) Issues worried by the interviewees
174 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Interviewees within the range of demolition have concerns upon following issues: 1) Compensation after demolition. The interviewees universally worry that after the present houses are demolished, the compensation paid is not enough to buy new houses while their own economic status can hardly offer the high house-purchasing fee and pay the property management fee. In addition, they worry that whether the compensation committed by the government can be delivered to resettlers on time and in full. Therefore, they ask for direct contact with the government department in charge of demolition and resettlement to negotiate about the compensation. 2) The living after demolition. The formers who lose their land worry about their source of income, fearing that if they are resettled far away from their original places and they can not continue the farming they are presently engaged, and thus they are afraid that the living standard will drop. Especially the villagers of Linpu Village near the Bridge site, who are engaging in poultries and livestock currently, fear that once their farms are expropriated, they will lose their means of making a living. 3) Cadres and villagers of Kuiqi Village worry that the Kuiqi Bridge traversing the village will re- divide the village that is already considerable scattered at present, and thus the village will lose its integration while villagers’ daily lives and management will become less convenient. 4) Enterprisers in Linpu village are afraid that the newly built workshops have to be relocated as the Kuiqi Bridge crosses their workshops, which will affect the production and economic benefit of the enterprises. 5) Managers of the waterworks of Linpu Village worry that the construction of Kuiqi Bridge will degrade the water quality of the water intake, which will affect the quality of water consumed daily by the villagers of Linpu village and increase the operating cost of the waterworks.
11.5.3 Brief summary on public participation opinions 1) Most of the interviewees support the Kuiqi Bridge construction Project; 2) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during planning and design of the Bridge include: When encountering the villages, the route shall roundabout the village as much as possible in order to occupy less farm land and demolish fewer houses while the village can be protected from being divided with less inconvenience will occur to daily lives of local people; It is suggested to avoid the historic sites and swamped land during planning; 3) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during road construction include: The construction site shall be reasonably arranged, with the concrete mixer, bitumen cooking facilities far away from the residential place; the turbidity of water inside the Minjiang River will increase due to construction of the bridge, which will cause increase of the operational cost of the Linpu Village Waterworks because of additional dose of chemicals, therefore, appropriate economic compensation by the Employer is suggested. 4) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during demolition and resettlement include: The compensation for demolition shall be reasonable and direct negotiation on demolition between the Employer and resettlers is expected. Meanwhile, the compensation for demolition shall be directly paid to the resettlers;
175 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
It is suggested to take into consideration the living habits and living demands of those resettlers and give them equal area of land for building their house independently; It is suggested to give appropriate compensation to farmers who lost the land so that they can maintain the current living level, which has active meaning for social stability. Public participation by the Church Time Attendants Venue Contents Morning on June Wang Gengxian, Telephone Discussion on resettlement of the 11, 2002 Lin Yun contact priest building of the church. Afternoon on June The World Father Wang thinks that it is possible Wang Gengxian, 22, 2002 Bank office to resettle the priest building. Wang Gengxian, Issues discussed: possibility to Lin Yun keep the square in front of the main Morning on July Ge Jie, Wu church; taking back the land Church 14, 2002 Xiaole, Ruan occupied by the ship yard by side of Bizhen the church via help of the municipal government. Public participation meeting on environmental evaluation and resettlement of the World Bank financed project. Morning on August Wang Gengxian, Fuzhou Environmental evaluation part: noise 02, 2002 Wu Xiaole Restaurant impact on the church by construction and traffic is informed; status of vehicle exhaust and protection of cultural relics. Wang Gengxian, The church agrees the priest to keep Wu Xiaole, Ge the square as per the resettlement Afternoon on Jie, Liu Zhefu, Lin Church requirement and agrees with the August 18, 2002 Yun proposal for protection of cultural relics. Wang Gengxian, The engineering proposal, the Afternoon on Father Xu, Liu environmental impact and the Church October 25, 2002 Zhefu , Ge Jie, proposal for protection of cultural Lin Yun relics are discussed.
176 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
11.6 Summary of public opinions (1) Most of interviewees support the Nanjiang Binlu & the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge Project; (2) Opinions from people along the roads and bridge during the road design stage: Nanjiang Binlu: It is suggested to consider multiple proposals for design of the line across the Fanchuanpu Church, including adoption of bridge to prevent the church square from occupation; it is suggested not to occupy the Puxiazhou swamped land. The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and the Kuiqi Bridge: It is suggested to set the road along the Wulongjiang River, and roundabout the village in order to occupy less farm land and demolish less houses; the cultural properties and existing woods and ancient trees shall be avoided as much as possible; flyover crossing shall be avoided when never possible when passing by the villages; the swamped land shall not be occupied. (3) Opinions from people along the line during the construction period Opinions from people along the Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and the Kuiqi Bridge: the road construction can be concentrated in a considerably short period, so that the inconvenience to residents along the road due to the construction noise could be shortened; the construction site shall be reasonably arranged, with the concrete mixer, bitumen cooking facilities far away from the residential places. Opinions from people along the Nanjiang Binlu: appropriate measures shall be adopted during construction in order to protect buildings like the Anlan Guild Hall and Fanchuanpu Church etc. from impact due to construction vibration; Opinions from people at south of the Kuiqi Bridge: the turbidity of water inside the Minjiang River will increase due to construction of the bridge, which will cause increase of the operational cost of the Linpu Village Waterworks because of additional dose of chemicals, therefore, appropriate economic compensation by the Employer is suggested. (4) Opinions on demolition and resettlement For households along the Nanjiang Binlu, a lot of them are of low-income urban families, who have small house and poor economic status. They hope the Employer can set different resettlement proposals against different groups. Whenever possible by the policy and the standard, both the house conditions and living levels of the resettlers shall not be lowered; the enterprises shifted shall be provided with appropriate land for resettlement; Interviewees along the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and the Kuiqi Bridge suggest that the compensation for demolition and resettlement shall be reasonable. They hope the Employer can discuss directly with the resettlers on the resettlement issues and the compensation can be paid to the resettlers directly; It is suggested to take into consideration the living habits and living demands of those resettlers and give them equal area of land for building their house independently; It is suggested to give appropriate compensation to farmers who lost the land so that they can maintain the current living level, which has active meaning for social stability. (5) Operation period Opinions from people along the Nanjiang Binlu: after the road is constructed and put into use, there will be more residential buildings and office buildings by the road. However, the heavy vehicles will
177 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City cause pollutions like noises, exhaust and dusts. Therefore, it is suggested to put traffic limit on Nanjiang Binlu and stop heavy motor vehicles and transient vehicles.
178 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
12 Economic Evaluation and Environmental economic Gains and Losses Analysis Construction of Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge Project largely completes the layout of the city road network of Fuzhou city, improves the traffic condition of Nantaidao Island, stimulates the development and construction of Nantaidao Island, perfects the comprehensive transportation network of Fuzhou city, and enhances the integrative communicative function of the urban roads in Fuzhou. Nanjiang Binlu, as a secondary main road, the 3rd Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge as well as the connection project as the backbone road of the traffic, together serve the traffic in Fuzhou city, and resolve the organic connection between Fuzhou and the external expressway. The construction thereof is in conformity with the steps of “extend to the east, enter into the south, and exploit to the west” proposed by Fuzhou Government, and enhances the reconstruction of the dated city area, as well promotes the development and construction of Nantaidao Island, Huaian Developing Zone, and Mawei Economic development area. They are an important strategy in the city construction, and contribute a lot to a proper city layout. 12.1 National Economy Assessment and Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Nanjiang Binlu 12.1.1 National Economy Assessment The Economy Assessment Indexes of the Project refer to Table 13.1 – 1 (social discount rate 12%).
Table 13.1 – 1 Table of National Economy Assessment Indexes Economy Investment Economy Net Present Economy Internal Assessment Benefit Recovery Value (ENPV) Return Rate Remarks Content Cost Rate Period (10,000 Yuan) (EIRR) (%) (EBCR) (Year) Investment Recovery Calculation Period 27309.77 18.06 1.82 7.69 Indexes (including the construction period) The national economic benefit cost flow refers to Table 13.1 – 2.
Table 13.1 2 National Economic Benefit Cost Flow of Nanjiang Binlu Unit: 10,000 Yuan Item Cost Benefit Increment benefit Net benefit flow Total Net Benefit Flow of the land Total 43243.21 309809.34 45500.00 266566.13 1646829.82
12.1.1.1 Sensitivity Analysis
Parameters used for the economic assessment come from either estimation or prediction, thus are not completely accurate. The sensitivity analysis considers the impact of the unfavorable conditions such as increase of financial cost on the economic assessment indexes of the Project in case of decreases of
179 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City incomes due to certain factors. The statement carries out analysis as per the three conditions of cost increase and benefit decrease. The calculation results are shown in Table 13.1-3.
Table 13.1 3 Sensitivity Analysis (EIRR) of Nanjiang Binlu Total Economic Net Economic Internal Economic Investment Recovery Item Present Value Return Rate ( ) Benefit Cost Period (year) (10,000 Yuan) Ratio Cost Increase 22092.55 16.55 1.65 8.14 10 Benefit Decrease 19361.57 16.39 1.67 8.18 10 Cost Increase 10 14144.35 14.97 1.49 8.68 Benefit Decrease 10 Seen from the above analysis, changes of benefit and cost of the project investment will have certain impact on the internal return rate. However, in case of the most unfavorable condition, i.e. investment increases 10% or benefit decreases 10%, the net present value of the project is 14,133,350,000 Yuan, and the economic internal return rate is 14.97%, showing the Project has a high vigilance against risks and thus is feasible.
12.1.1.2 Result of National Economy Assessment For Nanjiang Binlu, it is shown in the economy assessment indexes of national economy assessment that the Project in terms of economy is feasible and has vigilance against risks.
12.1.2 Environmental economic Gains and Losses Analysis The main task of environmental economic gains and losses analysis is to weigh the economic protection benefit gained from the necessary environmental protection capital invested for the Project construction. Thus, in analysis of the environmental economic gains and losses, it shall include not only calculation of the investment and cost for controlling pollution, but also the estimation of potential environmental and economical effects. However, losses from the pollution are generally indirect, which makes it difficult to directly calculate in currency, if any, the calculation is hardly accurate. Short of basic indexes for environmental economic effect assessment, it is only possible to make a simple analysis of the environmental economic effect.
12.1.2.1 Environmental economic Losses Analysis
Ecological Economic Losses Along the Nanjiang Binlu is mainly city ecological environment. The direct impact by the project construction on the environment is from the requisition of land, and changing the usage of parts of local land. The ecological economic losses resulted from the Project mainly come from the occupancy of the paddy field, dry land and orchard. The specifics are shown in Table 13.1 – 4.
Table 13.1 4 Calculation of Ecological Economic Losses of Nanjiang Binlu
Land Type Area of Requisition Average Yearly Product Total (Yuan) (mu) (Yuan/mu)
Paddy field 43.56 3000 130680
180 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Dry land 101.7 3000 305100
Orchard 96.81 2100 203301
Unused land and 144.1 450 64845 shoals
Total 386.1 703926
Medical Losses from the Impact on Residents’ Health Along the Line by the Changes of Environmental Quality
Nanjiang Binlu goes by Anlan Assembly Hall, the residential area of Pacific City and some other residential areas, the permanent population of which is around 2288, to count as per one tenth of the population, i.e. 229 people are affected. The medical care costs margin between urban and rural areas is calculated as per 94.52 Yuan/person. year in the statistical yearbook (Note: the number is quoted from the Environmental Impact Report of the 2nd Ring Road Phase III of Fuzhou).
To calculate the increased costs of the residents’ medical care by the market value method:
C=N* E
In the Formula: C Increased costs of medical care for residents along the line;
N Number of people affected by the change of environmental quality along the line;
E Margin of medical care costs between urban and rural areas (Yuan/person. year).
From the above formula, the annual cost of medical care from the impact on resident’s health along the line by the changes of environmental quality is RMB 21,645.08 Yuan.
Costs for Environmental Pollution by Noises
During the construction of the project, noises come from construction equipments, mainly the engines of shovel car, shovel loader etc. and the usage of electric saw as well; mechanical noises are mainly the thump of pile driver, the noise of the machinery excavating the earth material, the clash of material in agitator etc. Those will influence the life of the residents to some extent. But appropriate protective measures can minimize the harm.
If we adopt some noise abatement measures during the operation of the Project – installing noise-proof window or wall, the indoor noise condition will meet the relative functional requirements. In this way, costs for noise abatement are somewhat equal to the losses from noises without the noise-proof window or wall. Because of lack of specific design data for the noise-proof means in sensitive points, costs hereof will not be calculated for the moment.
12.1.2.2 Environmental Effect Analysis of Nanjiang Binlu Cost for road forestation and conservation of soil and water of Nanjiang Binlu is RMB 12,850,000 Yuan, and the afforest ion area is 128500.0 m2.
The construction and operation of the Project will undoubtedly cause some disturbance and harm to the surrounding environment along the line. However, the adoption of environmental control measures
181 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City shall ease the disturbance and harm, and to some effect shall have some positive effects on the original environment. Refer to Table 13.1 – 5 for this.
Table 13.1 5 Benefit Qualitative Analysis of Environmental Impact of Nanjiang Binlu
Environmental Measurement Environmental Benefits
Construction period Prevent noises from affecting the residents; prevent surface water, ambient environmental air from pollution; and prevent water loss and soil erosion. control measures Regulation if Beautify the landscape along the expressway; improve the local ecological Forestation and environment; ameliorate the overall surroundings and prevent water loss Temporary Ground and soil erosion
Noise Control Prevent the traffic noise from constantly disturbing the sensitive points Project along the line
Aquatic Protect the water quality of surface water along the line; maintain the Environment functions of the original water body; and protect the surface water Protection resources. Measures
Environmental Know the condition and change trend of the environmental quality and Control and maintain the environmental quality along the line. Monitor
It is difficult to make quantitative analysis of some environmental effects after the implementation of the above measures. As follows are quantitative analyses of the effects after the implementation of some measures therein:
Analysis of Forestation Benefit From the perspective of ecology and health, forestation is useful in oxygen production, dust abatement, sterilization, noise control and improving microclimate. In consideration that it is difficult to collect the economic indexes of monetization, we hereby merely calculate the monetized benefit of the production of oxygen and carbon dioxide fixation.
According to the statements of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, every square meter of herb plant produces 1.76g oxygen every day, and fixes 2.41g carbon dioxide. In this way, every square meter of vegetation produces oxygen 642.4g/a, and fixes carbon dioxide 880g/a. The forestation area of this road is about 128500m2, and thus the monetized benefit of its oxygen production is about RMB 14500 Yuan/a, and the monetized benefit of its carbon dioxide fixation is around RMB 37,400 Yuan/a, totaling RMB 28800Yuan/a.
Analysis of Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation
Benefits of soil and water conservation comprise ecological benefit, social benefit and economic benefit. For ecological benefit, via implementing the soil and water conservation program, the correction rate of water loss and soil erosion can reach 100%. Quantity of soil erosion cut down in the construction period reaches more than 98% of the new water loss and soil erosion, thus the water loss and soil erosion resulted from the project construction will be under effective control. The destroyed vegetation is restored, beneficial to the balance of the whole eco-system. In addition, the execution of the program will stop the earth condition within the project area from deteriorating, reduce the loss of
182 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
organic matters like nitrogen and phosphor as well as the running off of inorganic salt, and contribute positively to the improvement of the local ecological environment and agricultural production conditions.
In terms of social benefit, the implementation of water and soil conservation program to a large extent stimulates the water and soil maintenance of the local construction project.
As for economic benefit, carrying on the water and soil conservation program effectively controls the water loss and soil erosion, reduces the mud and sand silting up in field and pound, decreases natural disasters and thus brings economic benefit indirectly.
12.1.3 A Brief Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Nanjiang Binlu Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the project is RMB 725,600 Yuan/a, while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road forestation is RMB 28,800 Yuan/a.
The construction of Nanjiang Binlu project plays an important role in improving the traffic condition of Nantaidao Island, promoting the development and construction of Nantaidao Island and enhancing the comprehensive traffic capacity of city roads in Fuzhou. Meantime, it brings enormous economic and social benefits. Compared with the losses from environmental pollution, its social benefit is still considerable. 12.2 National Economy Assessment and Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road 12.2.1 National Economy Assessment National economy assessment is to consider the economical rationality of the project from the perspective of the nation. Via analysis of benefit after completion of the project and investment for the project construction, predict the feasibility of the project economically. There are mainly three indexes, economic internal return rate (EIRR), economic net present value (ENPV) and economic benefit cost ratio (EBCR) to reflect the assessment.
For the economic assessment indexes of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road , refer to Table 13.2 – 1 (social discount rate 12%).
Table 13.2 1 Economic Assessment Indexes of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Economy Net Economy Economy Benefit Investment Assessment Present Value Internal Return Cost Rate Recovery Period Content (ENPV) (10,000 Rate (EIRR) (%) (EBCR) (Year) Yuan) Calculation 215720.70 23.77 1.6 8.08 Indexes The national economic benefit cost flow refers to Table 13.2 – 2.
Table 13.2 2 National Economic Benefit Cost Flow of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Unit: 10,000 Yuan
Item Cost Benefit Net benefit flow Total Net Benefit Flow
Total 155581.3 1952897.7 1738298.1 18945534.4
183 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
12.2.1.1 Sensitivity Analysis
Parameters used for the economic assessment come from either estimation or prediction, thus are not completely accurate. The sensitivity analysis considers the impact of the unfavorable conditions such as increase of financial cost on the economic assessment indexes of the Project in case of decreases of incomes due to certain factors. The statement carries out analysis as per the three conditions of cost increase and benefit decrease. The calculation results are shown in Table 13.2 – 3.
Table 13.2 3 Sensitivity Analysis (EIRR) of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road
Fluctuation of Sensitive Cost Benefit factors
-10 25.41 22.21
0 23.77 23.77
+10 22.35 25.25
Seen from the table, on condition that the cost increases by 10% and the benefit decreases by 10%, the internal return rate is higher than the social discount rate of 12%, showing that the Project of the 3rd Ring Road has a relatively high vigilance against risks.
12.2.1.2 Result of National Economy Assessment of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road It is shown in the economy assessment indexes of national economy assessment that the Project of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road in terms of economy is feasible and has vigilance against risks.
12.2.2 Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road
The main task of environmental economic gains and losses analysis is to weigh the economic protection benefit gained from the necessary environmental protection capital invested for the Project construction. Thus, in analysis of the environmental economic gains and losses, it shall include not only calculation of the investment and cost for controlling pollution, but also the estimation of potential environmental and economical effects. However, losses from the pollution are generally indirect, which makes it difficult to directly calculate in currency, if any, the calculation is hardly accurate. Short of basic indexes for environmental economic effect assessment, it is only possible to make a simple analysis of the environmental economic effect.
12.2.2.1 Environmental Economic Losses Analysis of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road
Ecological Economic Losses
Along the Nanjiang Binlu is mainly city ecological environment. The direct impact by the project construction on the environment is from the requisition of land, and changing the usage of parts of local land. The ecological economic losses resulted from the Project mainly come from the occupancy of the vegetable plot, timber land, garden plot and dry land etc. According to relative data in the Project Proposal Statement (including Pre-Feasibility Study Statement) of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road of Fuzhou, and with reference to data in the Project Proposal Statement (including Pre-
184 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Feasibility Study Statement) of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu, the estimated ecological losses from the project is shown in Table 13.2 – 4.
Table 13.2 4 Calculation of Ecological Economic Losses of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Land Type Area of Average Yearly Product Total (Yuan) Requisition (Yuan/mu) Vegetable Plot (mu) 181.38 1768 320679.84 Dry Land (mu) 114.23 2918 333323.14 Other Cultivated land (mu) 4.28 2263 9685.64 Timber Land (mu) 105.29 2389 251537.81 Garden Plot (mu) 1080.76 2389 2581935.64 Pound (mu) 23.35 1900 44365 Pothole and unused land (mu) 402.97 450 181336.5 Total 1912.26 3722863.57
Medical Losses from the Impact on Residents’ Health Along the Line by the Changes of Environmental Quality
The Project goes by Wanbian Village, Shangqi Village, Yangqi Village, Wushan Village, Wufeng Village, Aoshan Village and Duyuan Village etc. the permanent population of which is approximately 1358, to count as per one tenth of the population, i.e. 136 people are affected. The medical care costs margin between urban and rural areas is calculated as per 94.52 Yuan/person.year in the statistical yearbook (Note: the number is quoted from the Environmental Impact Report of the 2nd Ring Road Phase III of Fuzhou).
To calculate the increased costs of the residents’ medical care by the market value method:
C=N* E
In the Formula: C Increased costs of medical care for residents along the line;
N Number of people affected by the change of environmental quality along the line;
E Margin of medical care costs between urban and rural areas (Yuan/person.year).
From the above formula, the annual cost of medical care from the impact on resident’s health along the line by the changes of environmental quality is RMB 12,854.72 Yuan.
Costs for Environmental Pollution by Noises During the construction of the project, noises come from construction equipments, mainly the engines of shovel car, shovel loader etc. and the usage of electric saw as well; mechanical noises are mainly the thump of pile driver, the noise of the machinery excavating the earth material, the clash of material in agitator etc. Those will influence the life of the residents to some extent. But appropriate protective measures can minimize the harm.
If we adopt some noise abatement measures during the operation of the Project – installing noise-proof window or wall, the indoor noise condition will meet the relative functional requirements. In this way, costs for noise abatement are somewhat equal to the losses from noises without the noise-proof window or wall. Because of lack of specific design data for the noise-proof means in sensitive points, costs hereof will not be calculated for the moment.
185 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
12.2.2.2 Environmental Effect Analysis of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road
Cost for road afforestation and conservation of soil and water of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road is RMB 25,285,000 Yuan, and the afforestation area is 331,535m2.
The construction and operation of the Project will undoubtedly cause some disturbance and harm to the surrounding environment along the line. However, the adoption of environmental control measures shall ease the disturbance and harm, and to some effect shall have some positive effects on the original environment. Refer to Table 13.2 – 5 for this.
Table 13.2 5 Benefit Qualitative Analysis of Environmental Impact of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road
Environmental Measurement Environmental Benefits
Construction period Prevent noises from affecting the residents; prevent surface water, ambient environmental air from pollution; and prevent water loss and soil erosion. control measures
Regulation if Beautify the landscape along the expressway; improve the local ecological Afforestation and environment; ameliorate the overall surroundings and prevent water loss Temporary Ground and soil erosion
Noise Control Prevent the traffic noise from constantly disturbing the sensitive points Project along the line
Aquatic Protect the water quality of surface water along the line; maintain the Environment functions of the original water body; and protect the surface water Protection resources. Measures Environmental Know the condition and change trend of the environmental quality and Control and maintain the environmental quality along the line. Monitor
It is difficult to make quantitative analysis of some environmental effects after the implementation of the above measures. As follows are quantitative analyses of the effects after the implementation of some measures therein:
Analysis of Afforestation Benefit of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road For the afforestation within the scope of the Project, patches of green belt are used, and we plan to use grassland with color shrubs and to care with automatic sprinkling irrigation. Grassland is used for the separation strip in principle, with some shrubbery. For the 10.5m of green protective belts on the outer flanks of road, we plan to use grassland with arbor trees. From the perspective of ecology and health, afforestation has functions like oxygen producing, dust absorbing, disinfections, noise reducing, modifying microclimate etc. In consideration that it is difficult to collect the economic indexes of monetization, we hereby merely calculate the monetized benefit of the production of oxygen and carbon dioxide fixation.
According to the statements of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, every square meter of herb plant produces 1.76g oxygen every day, and fixes 2.41g carbon dioxide. In this way, every
186 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
square meter of vegetation produces oxygen 642.4g/a, and fixes carbon dioxide 880g/a. The afforestation area of this road is about 331,535m2, and thus the monetized benefit of its oxygen production is about RMB 36,900 Yuan/a, and the monetized benefit of its carbon dioxide fixation is around RMB 37,400 Yuan/a, totaling RMB 74,300 Yuan/a.
Analysis of Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation
Benefits of soil and water conservation comprise ecological benefit, social benefit and economic benefit. For ecological benefit, via implementing the soil and water conservation program, the correction rate of water loss and soil erosion can reach 100%. Quantity of soil erosion cut down in the construction period reaches more than 98% of the new water loss and soil erosion, thus the water loss and soil erosion resulted from the project construction will be under effective control. The destroyed vegetation is restored, beneficial to the balance of the whole eco-system. In addition, the execution of the program will stop the earth condition within the project area from deteriorating, reduce the loss of organic matters like nitrogen and phosphor as well as the running off of inorganic salt, and contribute positively to the improvement of the local ecological environment and agricultural production conditions.
In terms of social benefit, the implementation of water and soil conservation program to a large extent stimulates the water and soil maintenance of the local construction project.
As for economic benefit, carrying on the water and soil conservation program effectively controls the water loss and soil erosion, reduces the mud and sand silting up in field and pound, decreases natural disasters and thus brings economic benefit indirectly.
12.2.3 A Brief Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the project is RMB 3,735,700 Yuan/a, while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road afforestation is RMB 74,300 Yuan/a.
The construction of the 3rd Ring Road project plays an important role in improving the traffic condition of Nantaidao Island, promoting the development and construction of Nantaidao Island and enhancing the comprehensive traffic capacity of city roads in Fuzhou. Meantime, it brings enormous economic and social benefits. Compared with the losses from environmental pollution, its social benefit is still considerable.
12.2 National Economy Assessment and Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge
12.3.1 National Economy Assessment
National economy assessment is to consider the economical rationality of the project from the perspective of the nation. Via analysis of benefit after completion of the project and investment for the project construction, predict the feasibility of the project economically. There are mainly three indexes, economic internal return rate (EIRR), economic net present value (ENPV) and economic benefit cost ratio (EBCR) to reflect the assessment.
The construction of Kuiqi Bridge brings benefits in various aspects, generally, economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit. Economic benefit is divided into direct economic benefit and indirect economic benefit. Direct economic benefit refers to benefit to the road users, mainly benefits from saving of vehicle operating cost and saving of traveling time because of the improvement of
187 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City traffic flow (or elevation of road grade), as well as benefits from the improvement of transportation (networks) and the elimination of traffic accidents. Indirect economic benefit refers to that from increment of the land and the convenience of traveling of residents along the line due to the improvement of traffic conditions. Social benefit is mainly the macro benefit from the road project. Indirect economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit are difficult to analyze quantitatively, thus this assessment merely considers the direct economic benefit of the project.
For the economic assessment indexes of Kuiqi Bridge, refer to Table 13.3 – 1 (social discount rate 10%).
Table 13.3 1 Economic Assessment Indexes of Kuiqi Bridge Economy Net Economy Economy Benefit Investment Assessment Present Value Internal Return Cost Rate Recovery Period Content (ENPV) (10,000 Rate (EIRR) (%) (EBCR) (Year) Yuan) Calculation 26545 18.02 2.2 9.90 Indexes The national economic benefit cost flow refers to Table 13.3 – 2.
Table 13.3 2 National Economic Benefit Cost Flow of Kuiqi Bridge Unit: 10,000 Yuan
Item Cost Benefit Net benefit flow Total Net Benefit Flow
Total 51115.0 206865.8 155750.9 566105.2
12.3.1.1 Sensitivity Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge
Parameters used for the economic assessment come from either estimation or prediction, thus are not completely accurate. The sensitivity analysis considers the impact of the unfavorable conditions such as increase of financial cost on the economic assessment indexes of the Project in case of decreases of incomes due to certain factors. The statement carries out analysis as per the three conditions of cost increase and benefit decrease. The calculation results are shown in Table 13.3 3
Table 13.3 3 Sensitivity Analysis (EIRR) of Kuiqi Bridge Fluctuation of Sensitive Cost Benefit factors -10 19.63 16.48 0 18.02 18.02 +10 16.62 19.48 Seen from the table, on condition that the cost increases by 10% and the benefit decreases by 10%, the internal return rate is higher than the social discount rate of 12%, showing that the Project of the Kuiqi Bridge has a relatively high vigilance against risks
12.3.1.2 Result of National Economy Assessment of Kuiqi Bridge
It is shown in the economy assessment indexes of national economy assessment that the Project of Kuiqi Bridge in terms of economy is feasible and has vigilance against risks.
188 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
12.3.2 Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge
The main task of environmental economic gains and losses analysis is to weigh the economic protection benefit gained from the necessary environmental protection capital invested for the Project construction. Thus, in analysis of the environmental economic gains and losses, it shall include not only calculation of the investment and cost for controlling pollution, but also the estimation of potential environmental and economical effects. However, losses from the pollution are generally indirect, which makes it difficult to directly calculate in currency, if any, the calculation is hardly accurate. Short of basic indexes for environmental economic effect assessment, it is only possible to make a simple analysis of the environmental economic effect.
12.3.2.1 Environmental Economic Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge
Ecological Economic Losses
Along the Nanjiang Binlu is mainly city ecological environment. The direct impact by the project construction on the environment is from the requisition of land, and changing the usage of parts of local land. The ecological economic losses resulted from the Project mainly come from the occupancy of the vegetable plot, timber land, garden plot and dry land etc. According to relative data in the Project Proposal Statement (including Pre-Feasibility Study Statement) of Kuiqi Bridge of Fuzhou, and with reference to data in the Project Proposal Statement (including Pre-Feasibility Study Statement) of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu, the estimated ecological losses from the project is shown in Table 13.3 4
Table 13.3 4 Calculation of Ecological Economic Losses of Kuiqi Bridge
Land Type Area of Average Yearly Total (Yuan) Remarks Requisition Product (Yuan/mu)
Vegetable 11.0 1768 Because the actual 19448 Plot (mu) values of requisition of various lands are not Garden Plot 11.0 2100 available, here the 23100 (mu) average value is adopted. Farmland 12.0 2263 27156 (mu)
Total 34.0 69704
Medical Losses from the Impact on Residents’ Health Along the Line by the Changes of Environmental Quality The Project goes by Shaoqi Village, Linpu Village, and Waitang Village etc. with a permanent population of 862, to count as per one tenth of the population, i.e. 86 people are affected. The medical care costs margin between urban and rural areas is calculated as per 94.52 Yuan/person.year in the statistical yearbook (Note: the number is quoted from the Environmental Impact Report of the 2nd Ring Road Phase III of Fuzhou).
To calculate the increased costs of the residents’ medical care by the market value method:
C=N* E
In the Formula: C Increased costs of medical care for residents along the line;
189 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
N Number of people affected by the change of environmental quality along the line;
E Margin of medical care costs between urban and rural areas (Yuan/person.year).
From the above formula, the annual cost of medical care from the impact on resident’s health along the line by the changes of environmental quality is RMB 8128.72 Yuan.
Costs for Environmental Pollution by Noises
During the construction of the project, noises come from construction equipments, mainly the engines of shovel car, shovel loader etc. and the usage of electric saw as well; mechanical noises are mainly the thump of pile driver, the noise of the machinery excavating the earth material, the clash of material in agitator etc. Those will influence the life of the residents to some extent. But appropriate protective measures can minimize the harm.
If we adopt some noise abatement measures during the operation of the Project – installing noise-proof window or wall, the indoor noise condition will meet the relative functional requirements. In this way, costs for noise abatement are somewhat equal to the losses from noises without the noise-proof window or wall. Because of lack of specific design data for the noise-proof means in sensitive points, costs hereof will not be calculated for the moment.
12.3.2.2 Environmental Effect Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge
Cost for road afforestation and conservation of soil and water of Kuiqi Bridge is RMB 3,000,000 Yuan.
The construction and operation of the Project will undoubtedly cause some disturbance and harm to the surrounding environment along the line. However, the adoption of environmental control measures shall ease the disturbance and harm, and to some effect shall have some positive effects on the original environment. Refer to Table 13.3 5.
Table13.3 5 Benefit Qualitative Analysis of Environmental Impact of Kuiqi Bridge
Environmental Environmental Benefits Measurement Construction period Prevent noises from affecting the residents; prevent surface water, ambient environmental air from pollution; and prevent water loss and soil erosion. control measures
Regulation if Beautify the landscape along the expressway; improve the local ecological Afforestation and environment; ameliorate the overall surroundings and prevent water loss Temporary Ground and soil erosion
Noise Control Prevent the traffic noise from constantly disturbing the sensitive points Project along the line
Aquatic Protect the water quality of surface water along the line; maintain the Environment functions of the original water body; and protect the surface water Protection resources. Measures
Environmental Know the condition and change trend of the environmental quality and Control and maintain the environmental quality along the line. Monitor
190 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
It is difficult to make quantitative analysis of some environmental effects after the implementation of the above measures. As follows are quantitative analyses of the effects after the implementation of some measures therein:
Analysis of Afforestation Benefit of Kuiqi Bridge
From the perspective of ecology and health, afforestation is useful in oxygen production, dust abatement, sterilization, noise control and improving microclimate. In consideration that it is difficult to collect the economic indexes of monetization, we hereby merely calculate the monetized benefit of the production of oxygen and carbon dioxide fixation.
According to the statements of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, every square meter of herb plant produces 1.76g oxygen every day, and fixes 2.41g carbon dioxide. In this way, every square meter of vegetation produces oxygen 642.4g/a, and fixes carbon dioxide 880g/a. The afforestation area of this road is about 331,535m2, and thus the monetized benefit of its oxygen production is about RMB 3,300 Yuan/a, and the monetized benefit of its carbon dioxide fixation is around RMB 3,400 Yuan/a, totaling RMB 6,700 Yuan/a.
Analysis of Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation
Benefits of soil and water conservation comprise ecological benefit, social benefit and economic benefit. For ecological benefit, via implementing the soil and water conservation program, the correction rate of water loss and soil erosion can reach 100%. Quantity of soil erosion cut down in the construction period reaches more than 98% of the new water loss and soil erosion, thus the water loss and soil erosion resulted from the project construction will be under effective control. The destroyed vegetation is restored, beneficial to the balance of the whole eco-system. In addition, the execution of the program will stop the earth condition within the project area from deteriorating, reduce the loss of organic matters like nitrogen and phosphor as well as the running off of inorganic salt, and contribute positively to the improvement of the local ecological environment and agricultural production conditions.
In terms of social benefit, the implementation of water and soil conservation program to a large extent stimulates the water and soil maintenance of the local construction project.
As for economic benefit, carrying on the water and soil conservation program effectively controls the water loss and soil erosion, reduces the mud and sand silting up in field and pound, decreases natural disasters and thus brings economic benefit indirectly.
12.3.3 A Brief Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the project is RMB 77,800 Yuan/a, while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road afforestation is RMB 6,700 Yuan/a.
The construction of Kuiqi Bridge project plays an important role in improving the traffic condition of Nantaidao Island, promoting the development and construction of Nantaidao Island and enhancing the comprehensive traffic capacity of city roads in Fuzhou. Meantime, it brings enormous economic and social benefits. Compared with the losses from environmental pollution, its social benefit is still considerable.
191 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
12.4 Conclusion of Environmental Economic Losses and Gains Analysis Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the Project of Nanjiang Binlu is RMB 725,600 Yuan/a, while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road afforestation is RMB 28,800 Yuan/a.
The construction of Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge contributes a lot to the improvement of the transportation of Nantaidao Island, the development and construction of Nantaidao Island, the improvement of the comprehensive transportation capability of the city roads in Fuzhou city, at the same time, it brings about a great deal of economical benefit and social benefit, compared with the losses of environmental pollution, the social benefit thereof is considerable.
Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the Project of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road is RMB 3,735,700 Yuan/a, while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road afforestation is RMB 74,300 Yuan/a.
Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the Project of Kuiqi Bridge is RMB 77,800 Yuan/a, while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road afforestation is RMB 6,700 Yuan/a.
192 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
13 Plans for Environmental Management and Monitoring Road projects affect the environment both in construction and operation. As for the characteristics of this project, although the environmental impact in construction is wide-ranged and to a large extent, the impact is limited in a certain period. With the completion of the construction, the impact will disappear. However, impact in operation will be in a long-term sense. Therefore it is required to intensify the management and to adopt effective monitoring measures so as to minimize the impact on the environment.
13.1 Setup, personnel, arrangement and training of environment management department
13.1.1 Arrangement of fulltime environment protection management personnel in the management department of Two Roads & One Bridge In the management department of the whole project of Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge, two fulltime environment protection management personnel are set (one holds senior title, the other medium rank title) are arranged to take charge of the daily management, complaints about environmental impact, emergent accidents of environmental pollution and the maintenance of pollution control facilities, etc. The construction units shall also appoint 1-2 environmental management personnel. The setup of the environmental management department and personnel is shown in Table 13.1-1 below:
Table 13.1-1 Setup of Environmental Management Department and Personnel of the Project of Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge Department Setup of Personnel Obligation Fuzhou City 2 fulltime environmental Take charge of the overall environmental Development and protection technological management Construction Parent management specialist Company The construction units 1-2 Environmental In charge of the environmental management personnel management within the contracted scope of the project
13.1.2 Function of environmental protection of the management department
The function of the management department of the project of Nanjiang Binlu, the 3rd Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge includes not only basic management like operation dispatching, conserving and maintaining, but also the following environmental protection functions:
1) Carry out environmental education and publicizing. Improve the consciousness and technological level of all levels of management and personnel and enhance their responsibility in controlling environmental pollution thus to subjectively contribute to the creation of a nice environment, and promote the work of environmental protection, especially take charge of the training on environmental knowledge of the environmental management personnel of the Contractor.
2) Formulate the measures of environmental management in construction and operation and the operating rules of pollution control facilities.
3) Coordinate with the administration of environmental protection of Fuzhou to carry out environmental management, supervision and inspection; coordinate with them in solving various environmental pollution accidents etc.
193 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
4) As per problems arising from the operation of Two Roads & One Bridge, it is suggested to carry out further projects on scientific research and mitigation.
5) In coordination with Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau and the municipal Public Security Bureau, formulate regulations and requirements for motor vehicles running on the Two Roads & One Bridge, and as per the requirements, carry out sampling check of the motor vehicle exhaust and noises.
6) Take charge of emergency response and disposition of traffic accidents causing environmental pollution (such as leakage of dangerous chemicals in transportation etc.)
7) Deal with complaints about the impact caused by the Two Roads & One Bridge from residents and enterprises and departments along the line and cooperate with the local environmental protection department in solving the problems.
13.1.3 Environmental Management
13.1.3.1 Environmental Management in Construction
In order to effectively control the environmental pollution in construction of the project, it is required to manage not only the construction quality and progress but also the civilized level of the construction, the implementation condition of environmental impact mitigation measures, as well as to supervise and check the execution of contract clauses in terms of environmental protection.
(1) The Employer while awarding the total project contract shall include the environmental control measures in construction in the Contract document and require the construction unit to strictly implement the measures via rewards and punishments.
(2) The construction unit shall organize the construction in accordance with the requirements in the project contract, and various laws and regulations on environmental protection and sanitation stipulated by the nation and the local government, meanwhile, carry out civilized construction as per the environmental control measures and suggestions in the Environmental Assessment Statement so as to protect the environment.
(3) Assign a supervision department with relative qualification to set up a fulltime environmental protection engineer to supervise the execution of environmental control measures by the construction units in construction.
(4) The construction unit shall assign fulltime (part-time) environmental management personnel on each construction fields to carry out on-spot control and management of various pollutants. It is particularly important to control the construction time of high-noise, and high-vibration construction equipments.
(5) Carry out publicizing. Because of limitation of technological facilities and construction environment, even if associated control measures are taken, environmental pollution along with the construction is unavoidable. Therefore, it is necessary to publicize the project to citizens along the line and in affected areas so as to enhance their bearing capacity of bad impacts and gain their understanding in temporarily conquering the difficulty and in coordinating with the construction unit to complete the project construction.
194 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
(6) It is required to carry out environmental assessment and scientific planning of the resettlement locations of the resettlers for construction. Complete the supporting facilities so as to ensure the living quality of the resettled residents.
(7) The administration departments and the construction unit shall set up office of calls and letters in particular, and install a special telephone line for complaints to receive the complaints from the public and immediately assign persons to solve the problems within a time limit. It is required to properly handle the complaints from the citizens.
13.1.3.2 Environmental management in operation
Environmental management in operation is of long term. Therefore it is necessary to establish a complete management department and system, and on the basis of those, formulate and complete various environmental monitoring and management rules. Carry out regular maintenance and check and repair of the environmental protection facilities to make sure their operation in good order. In accordance with the results of environmental monitoring, formulate plans for improving and supplement the environmental control measures.
13.1.4 Plans for training
In order to improve the qualification of the specialists and management personnel, it is necessary to enhance the specialized skills and management measures in fields listed in Table 13.1-2. Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, 4 specialists responsible for environmental monitoring, and 2 persons in the project office altogether 6 persons are advised to take training abroad.
Environmental consciousness and professional knowledge of the contractor are the key factors in successfully implement the environmental protection plans. Domestic training is for the contractor and the environmental protection personnel of the management department in the construction of the Two Roads & One Bridge.
13.1.4.1 Overseas Training plans Table 5.1—2 Overseas Training plans of Environmental Protection Technologies for the Project of Two Roads & One Bridge. Contents of training Country of Numbers of Time training trainees City noise control technology USA, Canada 6 3 weeks Environmental impact assessment etc. Risks assessment measures Public participation assessment Motor vehicles exhaust test and pollution control technology Pollution prevention in traffic control Monitor and simulation of city traffic pollution Application of economical policies in environmental management Control technology and measures of water pollution Management measures of city traffic environment
3 weeks of overseas training aim that the trainings like the environmental protection personnel from
195 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Fuzhou shall master first hand experience and technologies required for the environmental management of city traffic and similar projects. Forms of training include technological classes and visits (environmental management departments, research institutes, universities etc.), on-spot investigation (environmental facilities and projects), and discusses and practices in environmental consulting firms for practical experiences. The training plan will improve the technological skills, management and operation ability of the trainees. Via studying environmental assessment and monitoring measures of city traffic projects and learning test and pollution control technologies of motor vehicles, the trainees will comprehensively improve their skills in implementing the project of Two Roads and One Bridge as well as other projects.
13.1.4.2 Domestic training plans The training plans of the contractor taking part in the construction and operation of Two Roads and One Bridge play an important role. Without correct environmental consciousness, knowledge and skills required for implementation of mitigation measures, the contractor could hardly carry out environmental control measures effectively. It is suggested in the domestic training plans to train the contractor before starting the project. For details of the trainings, refer to Table 13.1.3.
Table 13.1—3 Domestic Training Plan Trainee Contents Training departments Numbers of Time trainees The Contractor Environmental protection laws and Supported and led by 20 15 days regulations, environmental Fuzhou Environmental monitoring norms, rules of Protection Bureau, the management of environmental environmental protection in Fuzhou associated monitoring department with the project construction, and will organize and carry measures and technologies of out the training. pollution control in construction. 13.2 Environmental monitoring plans In order to get some knowledge of the effects of various mitigation measures in construction and operation, to respond to the unpredicted environmental problems as early as possible, and to testify the accuracy of environmental impact prediction, environmental monitoring is generally essential. The environmental monitoring plan shall be formulated in allusion to different stages, including data obligations of collecting and analyze data, and requirements of statements.
The purpose of environmental monitoring plan is to assess the effectiveness of various mitigation measures; to respond to environmental problems unpredicted in constructing the Two Roads and One Bridge; to formulate policies as per the monitoring data to improve the traffic management as well as modify and supplement the environmental measures. The Employer authorizes Fuzhou Environmental Monitoring Department to implement the work.
13.2.1 Sampling locations for monitoring The sampling locations in construction and operation are shown in Table 13.2-1 and Figure 13.2-1.
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Table 13.2-1 Sampling locations for environmental monitoring of Two Roads & One Bridge
PROJECT NOISE SAMPLING VIBRATION WATER AMBIENT AIR NAME LOCATIONS SAMPLING ENVIRONMENT SAMPLING LOCATIONS SAMPLING LOCATIONS LOCATIONS Nanjiang (1) Yinghua English Fanwupu Catholic (1) Yinghua Binlu School Church English School (2) Residents’ dwellings (2) Fanwupu in Cangqian Road Catholic Church (3)Pacific City (3)Hebian Primary (4) Fanwupu Catholic School Church (5)Hebian Village the Phase- (1)Shangqi Village Water catchments (1) Shangqi II Project (2)Yangqi Village in Yixu Water Primary School of the (3)Wushan Village Plant (the water (2) Fujian College Third (4)Wufeng Village quality monitoring of Information Ring Road (5)Pukouxiazhou Village information of the and Technology (6)Qianyuan Village water plant can be (3) Linpu Primary (7) Fujian College of used) School Information and Technology (8)Fuyuan Village (9)Linpu Village Kuiqi (1)Linpu Primary School (1)Water quality (1) Linpu Primary Bridge (2)Residents’ dwellings in section in Kuiqi School Kuiqi Village (2) Aofeng (2) Kuiqi Village (3) Residents’ dwellings Overslaugh water Primary School in Shaoqi Village quality section (4) Residents’ dwellings in Dongbian Village
13.2.2 Monitoring objects, sampling frequency and time In according to the pollution characteristics of city roads, the main environmental factors for monitoring in construction and operation of the project is noise and exhaust pollution of motor vehicles.
Items for monitoring in ambient air: NO2 CO TSP PM10; sampling time and frequency: one year in construction, two years in operation, altogether 3 years. 1 day’s monitoring for each season, continuous
sampling for 5 days each time, for NO2 and CO, sampling time: 6:00, 10:00, 14:00 and 18:00 every day
for four samples, for TSP and PM10, continuous sampling for 24 hours. Costs for monitoring will be determined on assignment.
For water monitoring, the regular monitoring section of Kuiqi and the regular monitoring information in Aofeng Overslaugh Water Plant are adopted.
The noise is to monitor equivalent continuous A-weighted noise pressure level (Leq). Monitoring cycle and sampling time: 1 year in construction, 2 years in operation, altogether 3 years, 3 days and nights for each season, 1 time each in the day and at night. The monitoring costs will be determined after the assignment.
197 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Vibration monitoring is to monitor VLz10 The monitoring cycle and sampling time are the same as those of noise.
Monitoring methods:
(1) As per the national monitoring measures.
(2) Assign a qualified department in monitoring and technological strength to carry out the work.
It is shown in Table 13.2-2 the monitoring objects, sampling frequency and time.
Table 13.2-2 Monitoring Objects, Sampling Frequency and Time Monitoring Monitor Sampling Sampling time Sampling Starting time Monitoring objects parameters frequency locations department number Noise Leq 3 days and nights 06:00-22:00 18 Construction Undetermined each season 22:00-06:00 18 Operation Vibration VLz10 3 days and nights 06:00-22:00 1 Construction Undetermined each season 22:00-06:00 1 Operation Undetermined PM10 1 day each season 00:00-24:00 8 Construction 8 Operation Undetermined Ambient air TSP 1 day each season 00:00-24:00 8 Construction Operation NOx 7 day each 1 sampling every 8 Construction season 4 hours CO 8 Operation CODMn The regular BOD5 monitoring Water DO 1 day each season Two times a day 2 Construction, section of Kuiqi quality SS operation and the regular Oil monitoring information in NH3-N Aofeng Overslaugh Water Plant are adopted
13.2.3 Responsibilities of monitoring department and management of monitoring data The monitoring department (undetermined) will take charge of the environmental monitoring of the Project of Two Roads & One Bridge. The environmental monitoring data plays an important role in environmental management. It is seen from the data whether the future changes of environmental quality conforms to the prediction. In this way, it provides scientific foundation for formulating and modifying environmental management measures in the future. It is required to establish the archive and database management of environmental monitoring data and compile analysis and assessment statement of environmental monitoring. The specific requirements are as follows:
(1) Statement contents: original data (including parameters, sampling locations, environmental conditions of monitoring, monitoring time and monitoring department), statistics, analysis and assessment of environmental quality. The person in charge is required to sign.
(2) Report frequency
198 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
One comprehensive statement for each quarter, and one general statement for every year.
(3) Units submitting the statements to:
The statements shall be submitted to the World Bank, Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau and Fuzhou City Development and Construction Parent Company.
14 Assessment Conclusion and Suggestions 14.1 Role and significance of the construction of the Two Roads and One Bridge The project of Nanjiang Binlu starts from the south flyover of Cangqian Road of Minjiang Bridge in Sanxian Overslaugh, and goes by the Liberation Bridge, Minjiang Bridge II, Minjiang Bridge III, and the planned Qianheng Bridge. The Nanjiang Binlu is the north ring road of Nantaidao Road, a backbone road connecting the old city area of Cangshan district and the new city area of Chengmen district, and an important component of the ring road of Nantaidao Road. It is a road along the river integrating functions of recreation, sight-seeing and transportation.
The 3rd Ring Road locates in the south of the island, starting from Wanbian in the west, and stopping at the south end of the planned Kuiqi Bridge across Minjiang River. It goes across Nantaidao Island from the southwest to the northeast, forming a high-speed passage connecting the downtown area with the University City, Jinshan district (newly built) and Gaishan district. As the south ring of the 3rd Ring Road, the project plays a key role in the construction and development of Nantaidao Island.
Kuiqi Bridge is a key project in planning the east section of the 3rd Ring Road across the Minjiang River. The construction of a bridge over the river in the down stream of Minjiang River largely shortens the distance between the south and the north. The communication thus becomes more convenient and expedite. At the same time, the project is connected with the expressway to the airport, therefore, makes Changle International Airport and the area along the airport expressway nearer to the downtown area and increases the east exiting channel of Fuzhou city. What’s more, the construction of the project not only completes the expressway of the 3rd Ring Road, but also largely promotes the networks construction along the 3rd Ring Road and consummates the networks structure in the urban area of Fuzhou.
The construction of Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge is beneficial to the land exploitation and construction of the new city areas, and to the promotion of the city development via communications. What’s more, it plays a significant role in promoting the development and construction of Cangshan District and the whole Nantaidao Island, improving the investment environment, promoting the development of the city economy and exerting the function of Fuzhou as the provincial capital and center.
199 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
14.2 Assessment and Protective Measures of Ecological Environment 14.2.1 Ecological Environment (1) Current situation of land ecological environment
Most districts along Nanjiang Binlu have been built. There are so many banyan trees, mangos, and Bauhinia variegata etc along Cangqian Road. In other place, there are mainly demolishing housings and only few trees.
There are many tangerine gardens along the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and a few farmlands and vegetable lands. There are banana lands, longan lands and pomegranate lands in the farmlands. There is plantation wood of acacia, masson pines and banyan trees, which is flourishing, on Aoshan Mountain (Duyuan Mountain), where there are several wide trees.
There are farmlands beside the two sides of south elevated viaduct of Kuiqi Bridge; there are mainly demolishing housings and few trees beside the north overpass.
(2) Post-nesting migrations of fishes and crabs and situations of farms of lower reach (including Kuiqi lower river) of Minjiang River.
1) Post-nesting migrations of fishes and crabs in lower reach of Minjiang River.
Eel. Eels are affected during the period from November till March of the next year. Mature eels move from the freshwater to the ocean to lay eggs, incubate and then young eels come into being. Young eels move back to the freshwater to live from the ocean. According to record, there are about 2- 3 tons of young ells captured at the estuary of Minjiang River.
Mitten Crab. They concentrate during the period from November to December and May to June each year. In October of each year, Mitten Crabs move from the freshwater to the ocean to propagate, mainly during the period from November till December. After oviposition, incubation and then young crabs will come into being, they move back to the freshwater from the ocean, mainly during the period from May till June.
2) Clam farm of Kuiqi reach
The water area near the south side of intended Kuiqi Bridge is the natural breed field of clams. In addition, there are 720 mu of breed aquatic area of clams of the villagers, which belong to Lianjiang Village, Shaoqi Village, Shishan Village, FulianVillage and Zhangnan Village, Chengmen Town, and Cangshan District.
(3) Current situation of ecological environment of wetland.
There is Puxiazhou Wetland in the northwest area of Kuiqi Bridge, where is near Xindang Overslaugh and Duimian Overslaugh with the nearest distance of 260m.
1) Flora of Wetland of Puxia Overslaugh
There are mallow flora and weeping willow flora. Mallow flora belongs to herb swamp vegetation. There are a few associated plants near or around the flora, such as Ludwigia, rush, sporobolus fertile and alligator alternanthera. Weeping willow is deciduous tree, which grow on the side of rivers and belongs to woody swamp vegetation; green bamboos of weeping willow flora, which grow in clumps and compose into single dominating community, and which height of 6-8m and diameter of 9-10m, are distributed as zonal in partial regions of Puxia Overslaugh and Xindang Overslaugh. The flora covers 80%. Green bamboos, which grow flourishingly, take priority of this kind flora. There are associated
200 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City plants near the flora, such as alpinia zerumbet, neyraudia reynudiana, duranta repens linn, rushes and eclipta prostrasta etc.
2) Phytoplankton and zooplankton; There are 97 species of floating algae and 79 species of zooplankton. Skeletonema costatum, coscinodiscus ehrenberg, meLosira granulata, synedra acus, navicula and chlorella of phytoplankton; halteriagrandinella muller, strombomonas ensifera, nauplius of Crustacea, sinocalanus dorrii, cyclops sp, brachionus urceus and bosminopsis deitersi etc of zooplankton take a comparative larger quantity in the water body.
3) Large-sized dermarsal invertebrate of Puxia Overslaugh and Xindang Overslaugh, where are mud beach wet land. According to sampling investigation, large-sized invertebrates include corbicula fluminea, anodonta woodiana(Heude), A.fluminea(Heude), limnophila aromatica (Lam.), cipangopaludina chinensis gray, sesarma(Parasesarma)plicata, Palaemon (Exopalamon) carincauda Holthuis, Japanese mitten-handed crab and jumping shrimp etc.
4) Plankton of wild gooses and ducks and waders provide sufficient baits for growth and propagation of aquatic organisms such as various fishes, shrimps and shells in the sea area; but fish, shrimp and shell provide material basis for habitat and feeding of various aquatic birds and migrants in wetland at the estuary of lower river, Minjiang River. There are large numbers of wild gooses and ducks and waders inhabit in Puxia Overslaugh and Xindang Overslaugh each year. But at present, only snipes and wild gooses and ducks gather and feed here. Familiar birds here include: grebe, egret, grey heron, Chinese Pond-heron, black-crowned night-Heron, spot-billed duck, common teal, common greenshank and common sandpiper.
5) There is large area of clam farms, which is provided with high density of population. In addition, there is large area of farmland, grassland and sandbank, where have abundant grains and melons and fruits, around this river section. There are various fishes, shrimps and shells as well as various insects and their grubs, which are also very important natural baits of migrants, in the water body.
14.2.2 Impact and protective measures on ecological environment
(1) Impact and protective measures on land ecological environment a. Impact on agricultural production of land occupation
There are 2332.43mou of land acquisition by Two Roads and One Bridge Project. Deducting woodland and space for future usage, there are 1785.36mou of agricultural land, among which are 192.38mou of vegetable land, 1188.57mou of garden plot, 59.84mou of cultivated land and 23.35mou of stew. The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road occupies most of farmlands and orchards. It is clear that construction of Two Roads and One Bridge Project will bring about certain impact on local agricultural economics. Yet impact on agricultural economics is not a main problem because Nantaidao Island has been planned as new downtown area and agricultural land will be changed as urban land. b. Impact on plants
According to investigation of current situation, The Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road take 105.29mou of woodlands, of which on Aoshan Mountain (Duyuan Mountain). Main species of trees are acacia, masson pines and banyan trees, as well as several diffuse camphor trees.
During construction period, cinnamomum camphora shall be removed in time and not be destroyed; after road construction is finished, two sides of the road shall be greened in order reduce loss of partial plants.
(2) Impact and protective measures on water ecological environment
201 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
Construction of the bridge will impact on aquatic organisms in a certain period, thus the corresponding measures shall be taken: in construction period, during the process of drilling pier ground, deposition of mud fluid shall be filtered well to reduce suspended matter in the water to protect living environment of fishes; According to living habit of the freshwater eel and mitten crab, environmental pollution and ecological damage shall be reduced in the water body near the bridge, especially in the period from November to December and from May to June. Protective measures shall be enforced in case construction must be continued in the above-mentioned period. During construction period, in order to protect ecological balance and species continuance of fishes, Fuzhou Municipal Oceanic and Fishery Administration suggests to increase financial investment of propagation and openflow, organize experts to investigate and research to formulate plans of propagation and openflow of freshwater eel and mitten crab and other species of stock fish and breed on time; compensate for culturists of clam and throw in breeds of clams on time. The above-mentioned measures and means shall be adopted.
In operating period, vehicle carrying dangerous articles shall be prevented from accidents to bring about obvious water pollution. Drain of the bridge surface shall not be designed and constructed to the river directly, but within the dams. Buffer tank shall set on the two ends of Kuiqi Bridge. In case pollution is released, it can be drained into the tank. All measures are in order to prevent or reduce damage on fishes and clams and reduce the impact to the lowest limit.
(3) Impact and protective measures on wetland ecological environment
For Puxia Overslaugh and Xindang Overslaush, where are waterlocked around all sides of perch grass- covered wetland. Except Puxia Overslaugh, there are numbers of areas of batture, grassland and sand reef of more than thousands of mu providing necessary living environment for hygrophyte; providing propagating place, feeding place and habitat for various animals, especially providing removal lines for those Asia-pacific migrants; and playing an important role in helping the living though the winter of aquatic animals and wading birds.
The original design plan makes Nanjiang Binlu go though Puxiazhou Wetland. In case of constructing according to the original plan, the wetland will be destroyed seriously, therefore direction of Nanjiang Binlu shall be changed as from the starting point, to Qianheng Bridge (in planning), then to Qianheng South Road in order to avoid impact on the wetland.
There are 260m from the planned Kuiqi Bridge to Wetland of Xindangzhou. The construction of the bridge will not bring about obvious impact on land ecological environment and water ecological environment; but light of construction may impact the removal of birds. According to consultation of Fujian Wild Animal Protection Managing Station, experts consider that there is a little impact.
14.2.3 Measures of protecting zoology and preventing soil and water loss Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road are constructed on plain mostly; Kuiqi Bridge is constructed as bridge and overhead structure. Taking one with another, water and soil loss is not serious. Only the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road will be excavated where it goes through Aoshan Mountain (Duyuan Mountain). Excavation as filling and balance of excavation and filling need not establish soil field and waste field.
For stone materials, there are abundant resources of granite and lave in stockyards in Mawei and Changle, and the transportation distance is 5-25km. Outsourcing is also permitted. Sand is rich in the upper section of the south port of Minjiang River and Houguan, and the transportation distance is 5- 30km.
202 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
In the construction of the roads, at the hilly areas near Aoshan Mountain, water loss and soil erosion is easy to occur. Therefore, measures like breast wall and sand bank etc. shall be adopted for preventing water loss and soil erosion. And after the construction it is required to take afforestation measures to avoid water loss and soil erosion.
For roadbed, slopes of embankment and road-cut, it is required to take measures like plantation or engineering methods to avoid water loss and soil erosion; surface of slopes passed by the bridge and culvert are always washed by the river or channel, thus shall be taken engineering methods such as slope protection measures or revetment for; the construction access road or diverting road shall be protected mainly with plantation, supplemented by essential engineering methods. 14.3 Current status of noise environment, impact assessment and mitigation measures 14.3.1 Current status assessment of noise environment
14.3.2 Noise impact analysis and mitigation measures during construction period
14.3.3 Noise impact analysis and mitigation measures during operation period 14.4 Current status of ambient air quality, impact assessment and mitigation measures 14.4.1 Current status assessment of ambient air quality 1) CO hourly mean value: CO hourly mean value of five sampling locations in five successive days and four times per day, level one.
2) NO2 hourly mean value: NO2 hourly mean value of five sampling locations in five successive days and four times per day. Except that some frequencies of 2# Jiangbian Elementary School on Feb. 18, 2004 exceeded level one, the frequency concentration values in other sampling 3 locations are all less than level one ( 0.12mg/ m ); NO2 hourly mean values in the normal monitoring locations of Yantai Mountain in five days are all less than level one.
# 3) PM10 daily mean value: PM10 daily mean value of five sampling locations in five days in 1 Fanchuanpu Cathedral, 3# Wushan Elementary School and 5# Cangshan Town South Emperor (Nan Di) Xanadu Administration reach level one; the monitoring value in 2# Jiangbian Elementary School is level two to three for two days; the monitoring value in 4# Fujian College of Information and Technology is level two to three for two days as well. The
PM10 daily mean values in the normal sampling locations of Yantai Mountain are less than level two for five days.
4) CO hourly mean value in Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and
Kuiqi Bridge keeps level one, and NO2 hourly mean value level one in general; PM10 daily mean value keeps level two, and specific monitoring value reaches level three. In general, the air quality on the sides of the Two Roads & One Bridge is fairly good.
14.4.2 Impact of ambient air during construction period and mitigation measures
(1) Impact of ambient air during construction period
Air pollution is mainly caused by the following factors during construction period: flying dust produced by construction excavation, transportation vehicles and construction machines running on the traveled path; raising and spilling dust produced by loading and unloading, transportation and piling of construction materials (concrete, lime and sandstone materials) as
203 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
well as piling and transportation of excavation waste soil; waste gas discharged by all kinds of construction machines and transportation vehicles.
(2) Mitigation measures during construction period
The following mitigation measures are suggested:
1) Engineering excavated earth shall be collected and piled together and backfilled in time to alleviate the impact time of dust; during excavation, drilling and removal period, spray some water to keep the operation at a specific humidity and avoid flying of dust.
2) Strengthen the management of backfilling earthwork piling locations, and constitute some measures such as compaction of earthwork surface, spraying at fixed period and covering; undesired clay and waste slag of construction materials shall be carried away in time instead of piling for a long time.
3) Concrete and asphalt concrete shall be transported in sealed tank car. Open cars adopted for transportation shall not be loaded with too much materials which shall be covered completely by cloth; the running routes and time of the transportation vehicles shall be well arranged and managed to avoid running in the downtown district, district with much traffic volume, residents’ housing district and other sensitive districts. The transportation vehicles shall be furnished with covers. The transportation vehicles shall be flushed and cleaned before loading or unloading, so as to reduce the clay taken along by the wheels and chassis to fall on the road surface.
4) During construction period, the waste construction materials shall not be used as fuel for burning. The dining hall on the construction site shall adopt petroleum gas or electric cookers instead of fuel oil cookers.
5) The construction road shall be kept level. Full-time staff shall be assigned to deal with the maintenance, repair and cleaning of the construction access roads, thus to keep the road clean and in a good operation status.
6) There is relatively more fuel oil mechanical equipment during the construction period. Fixed mechanical equipment which is running within fifty meters of the windward direction shall be furnished with dust removal equipment.
7) If the construction site is located near the old city zone (Nanjiang Binlu) and the villages by which the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road pass through and Kuiqi Village, the construction site all around shall be furnished with enclosing walls of more than 1.8 meters high. The main roads in the construction site shall be hardened and kept clean. Flourishing facilities shall be set up at the exit. The guard and wheels of the transportation vehicles shall be flourished clean before leaving the site without taking dust and clay out of the site.
8) Slag clay and rubbish shall be removed within three days after demolishing. Those cannot be removed in time shall be covered perfectly; slag clay and rubbish shall be sprayed to keep the dust under control while loading; if construction cannot be carried out within three months after demolishing, the bare mud in the site shall be covered, hardened or greened simply to avoid flying dust.
14.4.3 Impact of ambient air during operation period and mitigation measures
(1) Impact of ambient air during operation period
204 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
1) CO concentration distribution on both sides of the road: CO impact concentration on both sides of all the sections of Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge is relatively small both under general atmosphere conditions and unfavorable weather conditions in all the forecast characteristic years, which does not exceed level two of ambient air quality.
2) NO2: Under general atmosphere conditions, except for the forecast characteristic year 2020,
the concentration of NO2 in all the sections of the Two Roads & One Bridge satisfies the level two requirement of environmental quality in the function areas; under unfavorable
atmosphere conditions, NOX in the emission of motor vehicles has a big impact on the ambient air quality on both sides of the road, and will be especially obvious in year 2020 due to the increment of traffic volume and pollutant, among which the environment qualify in
Nanjiang Binlu can still keeps level two, and the concentration of NO2 pollutant 50 meters around the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge will be relatively high, exceeding the level two of environmental quality. However, the pollution is not severe in general.
3) Impact on sensitive places
(2) Mitigation measures of motor vehicles’ emission pollution during operation period 1) Ensure the design running speed and relieve emission pollution.
2) Carry out mitigation measures regarding pollutant sources: The motor vehicles whose emission pollutant is discharged exceeding the standard level shall not pass through; strengthen the testing and repair of motor vehicles and support and cooperate with local governments to deal with motor vehicles’ emission pollution mitigation.
3) Mitigation measures regarding diffusion of air pollutant
Increase the diffusion distance of air pollutant. It is preferred to build warehouses, shopping malls and office buildings within 100 meters away the sides of the undeveloped roads so as to
relieve the impact of residents caused by NO2 which is discharged beyond the standard value; carry out greening on both sides of the road, thus to make full use of the plants to purify ambient air.
(3) Plans and measures on control of motor vehicle exhaust pollution in Fuzhou city As motor vehicle belongs to mobile source, so it’s difficult to control pollutant from exhaust of motor vehicles through taking measures on single road & bridge or several roads & bridges, and it’s hard to do the deed like this. The domestic and overseas experiences show that it is an urban or regional system engineering to control the pollutant from exhaust of motor vehicles.
1) Plans on motor vehicle exhaust pollution control in Fuzhou city a. Group Indication System of Environmental Protection that is also called Yellow & Green Indication System is implemented on motor vehicle to conduct environmental protection grouping on motor vehicles. Green labeling is issued to gasoline vehicles compliant with Euro I standard and diesel vehicles above Euro II standard, while yellow labeling is issued to carburetor motor cars, open loop electrical ignition vehicles and those diesel vehicles failing to achieve Euro II standard.
205 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
After grouping, Fuzhou Traffic Management Bureau may clean up all the vehicles in the urban area. It’s required for vehicles with yellow labeling to accept inspection by the annual inspection station once half a year, while vehicles with green labeling are to be inspected once a year. Besides, it’s necessary to work towards the local code and regulation issued for limitation of running road section and running time for vehicles with yellow labeling.
In addition, screen the vehicles coming and going in an electronic supervisor way – electronic net. While license plate comes into electronic net, electronic net could identify the vehicle with yellow labeling or green labeling automatically and whether the vehicle is at unauthorized area. The number of vehicles screened would be exposed on media periodically. b. At present, environmental supervisors have been arranged by Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau for strengthening the inspection, who would take photos or screen the vehicles with black smoke. The vehicles on road would be taken electronic evidences, and the supervision on vehicles with black smoke also would be strengthened. The executive persons of Environmental Protection Bureau take two half-days every week to take photos on road for those vehicles with black smoke, and these photos would be taken as the evidences for traffic policemen to deal with and punish. In another way, Traffic Police Station may be asked to transfer the documents of these vehicles to us so that we can deal with according to the relevant laws and regulations and expose the vehicles violating the rules on media. c. As it’s not regulated in new “Law of the People’s Republic of China on Road Traffic Safety” that the traffic police department can punish the running vehicles with black smock, so it’s urgent to issue a local regulations to supplement the rules on punishment, including that it should be ruled that the running vehicles with black smoke can be punished and shall be ordered to the recheck point authorized by Environmental Protection Department, besides, the vehicles can’t pass the recheck twice shall be forced to discard. d. The personnel at annual inspection station shall check on and supervise the vehicles on the check line, and issue the certification to those qualified vehicles. e. Set more road check posts in urban area. Arrange one traffic policeman and two persons for environmental protection for every road check post to increase the check times and strengthen the executions of road check. Besides the fixed road check posts, running road check posts also shall be set to make surprise check of the running vehicles at the variable time and variable places. f. Actively cooperate with media to periodically expose the vehicles violating rules, publicize the trends and promote the significance of work on motor vehicle, so as to improve people’s consciousness and strengthen the prestige and influence of our work. g. Against the serious exhaust pollution caused by public buses and passenger vehicles, the emphasis of next work would be put on improve the phenomenon of black smoke from public buses and passenger vehicles. We could suggest the municipal government eliminate public minibuses so as to control the phenomenon of black smoke from the source.
2) Measures on motor vehicle exhaust pollution control in Fuzhou city a. Strength propagandizing
We have printed promotional publications on motor vehicle exhaust management to explain the common sense about motor vehicle exhaust and the management dynamic conditions. And such publications have been distributed to Fujian Vehicle Transportation General Company, Fuzhou Huawei Vehicle Transportation Company, Fuzhou Public Transportation Group Co., Ltd. etc.
206 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
combining with the daily inspection to make promotions. At the same time, traffic companies would be urged to compile “50 Questions on Public Bus Exhaust” and distribute the books to the subordinated fleets. b. Implement source control of new car exhaust pollution
Through forbidding to sell 2-cycle motorcycles in urban area, stopping issuing licenses for motorcycles and stopping selling and issuing licenses for carburetor cars with serious pollution and hard to govern, the pollution spread of motorcycles and carburetor cars is efficiently controlled. Strengthen the replacement and style choosing of taxis. Electric ignition technology and catalytic converter must be adopted for replaced taxis after July 4th, 2002, and the exhaust must be compliant with the national environmental protection standard so as to step by step control the exhaust pollution of taxis with high frequency of running in urban area on the source. c. Expedite the replacement and updating
Urge the public transportation companies to replace vehicles seriously exceeding the limits of exhaust. Before the New Year’s Day of 2004, 215 minibuses were discarded, and 320 were updated. It is planned to update tens of vehicles before the end of the year. d. Enforce the supervision and spot check of motor vehicle parking locations
Carry out constant supervision and spot check of public buses. In 2003 and the first half of 2004, 240 lines (time) of public transportation courses, altogether 1949 vehicles (time) were checked, and the qualification rate was 65%. 689 violating vehicles (time) were required to be fathered. At the same time, in 11 department in 11 departments with motor vehicle parking lots including Fuzhou passenger station, carry out spot check of exhaust of some long distance coaches, in this way eliminate pollution over the border by vehicles exceeding the limits. e. Coordinate with the traffic police department to implement the annual inspection.
Fuzhou environmental protection department actively cooperate with the traffic police department to carry out annual inspection of motor vehicle exhaust in the annual inspection station of the traffic police. Only vehicles of which the exhaust is up to standards shall pass the inspection. f. Carry out road inspection
For vehicles exceeding the exhaust limit, our bureau will urge the owners thereof to father within a time limit for re-inspection. The traffic police department will temporarily detain their licenses and issue Notification of Disposition and Field Record of Traffic Violation. g. Promote the usage of clean energy of public buses. Coordinate with the public transportation companies in testing of biodiesel and exhaust purifier. 14.5 Current status of water environment, impact assessment and mitigation measures 14.5.1 Current status of water environment Kuiqi Bridge crosses the Minjiang River at Kuiqi, where the river section is measured as per class III standard and the pollution index is 0.32-0.8, and the water quality is in conformity with the class III standard; the Aofengzhou section is measured as per class II standard and the pollution index is 0.14- 0.68, and the water quality is in conformity with the class II standard. Thus proves that the current
207 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City water quality is good in Aofengzhou-Kuiqi Section of Beigang, Minjiang River.
The Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road cross 7 and 4 inland rivers respectively. Water in those rivers spanned by the Nanjiang Binlu is of very poor quality, which is basically all class V waterbody; water in rivers spanned by the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road is of class IV-V standard, with some of them the class V waterbody. Other than the pH index, all other assessment factors exceed the class IV water quality standard. The overall inland water environment has been severely polluted.
14.5.2 Impact on the water environment during construction period and mitigation measure
(1)Impact on the water environment during construction period
Impact upon Beigang during construction of Kuiqi Bridge: The effluent from the construction area will be subjected to sedimentation and oil-separation treatment before discharge, which will bring little impact on Beigang. Similarly, SS has little environmental impact on Beigang as well. However, the petroleum will cause certain influence around the discharge outlet. Basically, the “Water Quality Standard for Fisheries” can be met at 130m downstream of the discharge outlet; effluent from construction of the bridge piers will cause considerable impact upon SS in the water environment. However, as the pile foundation is constructed in a cofferdam, the impact therefrom would be transient.
Impact upon inland rivers by construction of the Nanjiang Binlu and the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road : Construction wastewater includes slurry from digging and drilling activities, cooling and washing water from machinery and equipment, and oil-bearing wastewater from construction equipment operation or maintenance/service. Unless treated before discharge, these kinds of wastewater will have impact on receiving waters; Because Nanjiang Binlu is going to be constructed within the flood-preventing dam, the living wastewater from local residents, as that from the construction personnel, enters the urban drainage system and the living garbage is collected by the environmental protection station for treatment; The 3rd Ring (Phase II) is also going to be constructed within the flood-preventing dam, but there are no urban underground drainage systems along the route, so measures shall be taken to prevent pollution by living wastewater and living garbage.
Ground water washes the loose soil, construction-used gravel and sand, garbage, abandoned soil, etc, and carries a lot of soil and sand into the Minjiang River and may block the river bed and water pipes.
(2)Mitigation measures during construction period 1) During road construction period, there are quantity of slurries and oils included in the construction wastewater, which shall be basically treated before being discharged into the city pipeline network. Direct discharge into the Minjiang River and inland rivers is strictly prohibited.
2) During construction period, it is strictly prohibited to dump the residuals from excavation directly into rivers adjacent, so that the pollution to the water area will be minimized. Thereinto, for bored waste slug, it can be backfilled in a reclamation dam (above the maximum water level) upon approval of the water conservancy authority, or it shall be handed over to the environmental department for disposal.
3) Residual oil and waste oil during the bridge construction period shall be recycled and stored in different containers generally as per mixture situations of them. Oil-bearing wastewater comes from the relevant operation and from the cabin of boat for construction purpose, for which, the mechanical centrifugal oil-water separator shall be adopted for filtration and treatment.
208 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
4) The construction unit shall also treat roughly the slurry water for filtration and sedimentation. Direct discharge of slurry water into Minjiang River and inland rivers is prohibited. The construction unit shall strengthen it management for civilized construction, with rainwater guild canal and filtration & sedimentation tank provided within the construction range at both banks.
5) For the safety of flood-prevention and for protection of the living and production of the people, it is strictly prohibited to excavate the flood-prevention dam and embankment during the construction period.
6) If the waste from excavation is freely dumped and placed, it may cause water loss and soil erosion in case of storm. If it enters into the city drainage system and inland rivers, it may block the drain ditch after settlement while the slurry water discharged directly into the inland rivers will lead an increase of the sand content of the water in the river and cause deposit on the river bed. In addition, the slurry water is also mixed with other pollutions like the cement and oil etc. on the construction site, which will cause pollution to the waterbody.
14.5.3 Impact upon the water environment during the operation period and the mitigation measures
(1)Impact upon the water environment during the operation period
The forecast shows that, because the concentrations of CODcr, oil, and SS in the bridge deck rainwater are low and the flow rate at Kuiqi section of Minjiang Beigang is high, so the bridge deck rainwater has a limited impact on the water quality of Minjiang River.
(2)Mitigation measures against water pollution during operation period During the operation period, the impact of road surface source pollution on the water is small. Obvious pollution often comes from vehicles carrying hazardous goods. Experiences show that the probability of accidents on the bridge that lead to water pollution is very low. However, in order to prevent pollution, corresponding measures shall also be ready in place. During the construction period, rainflow on the bridge deck shall not be directly discharged into the river. It shall be guided into the dike. In addition buffering cells shall be built at the point of discharge, namely at the both ends of Kuiqi Bridge, so that when pollutants are leaked, they can be guided into the cells for treatment. Surveying and comparison shows that, at the worst, two 5T vehicles might collide with each other and cause leakage of 10T toxic substances, so one 10-m3 buffering cells shall be built at each end of the bridge. 14.6 Impact upon the cultural property and the protection measures 14.6.1 Analysis on impact upon the cultural property by the “Two Roads & One Bridge” project Along both sides of the Nanjiang Binlu, there are two cultural property in Jiancheng District, i.e., the An’lan Guild Hall and the Fanchuanpu Catholic Church; from start of the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road , there are five cultural property in Jiancheng District, i.e., the Former Residence of Yan Fu and Pushan Temple in Gaishan Town, Lingshan Temple in Luozhou Town, Lianjiang School and (South Song Dynasty) Emperor’s Xanadu in Chengmen Town; at northwest of the flyover by south of the Kuiqi Bridge, there are two cultural property in Jiancheng District, i.e., the Linpu Cannon Turret and the Linpu Stone Tower.
Subjected to the analysis, construction of the Nanjiang Binlu will influence Fanpuchuan Catholic Church the most and has little or no impact on the other eight sites.
209 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
14.7 Public participation Tow methods as visit and meeting are adopted to collect opinions from the mass and relevant units. The key range for public participation covers the people affected along the routes and the urban area where the road is to be constructed. The urban residents and related government officials at various levels are visited and interviewed; for villagers committee and the township government in the countryside, the villagers affected and related government officials at various levels are visited and interviewed.
1) Most of the interviewees support construction of the roads and the bridge.
2) Issues put forward by the interviewees and proposed to take into consideration during planning and design of the road include:
It is suggested to avoid the historic sites, swamped land and ancient trees during planning; It is suggested to consider multiple proposals for design of the line across the Fanchuanpu Church, including adoption of bridge to prevent the church square from occupation; the Church’s opinion shall be collected and full coordination is required for resolution; during construction, appropriate measures shall be adopted to prevent the An’lan Guild Hall and the Fanchuanpu Church etc. from impact due to vibration from the construction;
It is suggested not to occupy the Puxiazhou swamped land.
It is suggested to set the 3rd Ring Road along the Wulongjiang River, and roundabout the village in order to occupy less farm land and demolish less houses;
Flyover crossing shall be avoided when never possible when passing by the villages;
3) Opinions from people along the line during the construction period
The road construction can be concentrated in a considerably short period, so that the inconvenience to residents along the road due to the construction noise could be shortened; the construction site shall be reasonably arranged, with the concrete mixer, bitumen cooking facilities far away from the residential places.
4) Suggestions to be taken into consideration after the road is constructed and put into use:
After the road is constructed and put into use, there will be more residential buildings and office buildings by the road. However, the heavy vehicles will cause pollutions like noises, exhaust and dusts. Therefore, it is suggested to put traffic limit on Nanjiang Binlu and stop heavy motor vehicles and transient vehicles. 14.8 General Conclusion Construction of the Two Roads & One Bridge will improve the road network structure of Fuzhou City, which will help the land development and construction of the new area, promote the traffic and guide the city development. It has great significance to change the investment environment of Fuzhou City, propel development of the city economy and display the function of the Fuzhou City as capital of Fujian Province.
The Nanjiang Binlu is originally designed to set across Puxiazhou swamped land. If it is implemented that way, the very swamped land will be damaged seriously. Therefore, the route is changed to South Qianheng Road. Such a change is purposed to protect the swamped land from environmental pollution and damage, which is the best protection to the environment.
210 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
As the Two Roads and One Project will occupy some farm lands and woodlands, construction thereof will affect the local agricultural economy to a certain degree. However, the area along the Two Roads & One Bridge has been planned as a new urban area and the farm land has turned into urban land, the loss to agricultural economy will be compensated from development of the urban economy.
During construction period of Kuiqi Bridge, the construction unit shall also do filtration and sedimentation treatment towards the slurry water and stop direct discharge of other hazardous materials into the Kuiqi Section of Minjiang River; during operation period, relevant measures shall be adopted to prevent risky accident to protect the ecologic environment of the fish and the clam farm.
Along the Two Roads & One Bridge, there are 9 cultural property under District-Level protection, among which, great impact will be on the Fanchanpu Catholic Church only due to construction of the Nanjiang Binlu. For other cultural property, there is little or no impact. Therefore, construction of the new residential building of Fanchangpu Church and landscape construction for the church will be well prepared so that the adverse impact therefrom will be minimized.
Upon completion of the Two Roads & One Bridge Project, there would be no apparent impact by the exhaust of vehicles upon the ambient air within near range of the route under general weather conditions; the traffic noise will bring certain impact upon residents in the first row of buildings by both sides of the route. Therefore, relevant mitigation measures shall be applied to reduce impact upon surrounding environment after the project is put into operation.
To sum up, except the section at north of the Fanchuanpu Church where the route is difficult to avoid, the route selection of the Nanjiang Binlu, the Phase-II Project of the Third Ring Road and the Kuiqi Bridge is reasonable. If the construction unit can adopt mitigation measures suggested in this statement for the pollution, the impact upon the surrounding environment can be controlled. Therefore, viewing from the environmental impact, construction of the Nanjiang Binlu, the 3rd Ring Road and the Kuiqi Bridge is feasible.
211 Environmental Impact Statement On South Jiangbin Road, the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and the Kuiqi Birdige Project of Fuzhou City
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