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Underwood of Korea; Being an Intimate Record of the Life and Work

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Underwood of Korea; Being an Intimate Record of the Life and Work BV 3460. U52 U6 1918 Underwood, Lillias H, Underwood of Korea /L f^r Underwood of Korea Horace Grant Underwood, D.D., LL.D. Underwood of Korea BEING An intimate record of the Life and Work of the Rev. H. G. Underwood, D.D., LL.D., for thirty-one years a Missionary of the Presbyterian Board in Korea BY HIS WIFE LILLIAS H. UNDERWOOD, M.D. ILLUSTRATED New York Chicago Toronto Fleming H. Revell Company London AND Edinburgh Copyright, 1918, by FLEMING H. REVELL COMPANY New York: 158 Fifth Avenue Chicago: 17 North Wabash Ave. London: 21 Paternoster Square Edinburgh: 75 Princes Street Tms STORY OF Dr. Underwood's life IS DEDICATED TO HIS BELOVED BROTHER WHO UNFAILINGLY SUCCORED AND SYM- PATHIZED, AND WAS ONE WITH HIM IN THE EFFORT TO ADVANCE THE CAUSE OF Christ in Korea. PREFACE THIS book, it must be said Iti advance, is not a history of the missionary work in Korea, not even a complete and exhaustive history of the missionary work of one man. It is simply the life of Dr. Underwood, not by any means complete, aiming to show in entirety, not so much his varied efforts and what God was able to do through him, but to sketch as lifelike a picture as possible of the man himself, his character, his victory over difficulties, his way of meeting discouragements and opposition, his consecration, faith, love, perseverance, and indomitability. One might write a life of Dr. Underwood which should be a standard reference of missionary work in Korea covering those thirty-one years during which all the great beginnings took place, and the foundations were laid, but it would demand at least two large volumes. Or one might write a volume that would relate to the political and social upheavals and changes which have taken place there during his time, but that, too, must needs be a large book and could scarcely be written by a resident of the country. The aim of the writer has been to present a volume, which, without wearying the ordinary reader by its size and detail, shall show the main lines of a unique char- acter, a little of the methods of his work and their re- sults, which have proved so fruitful, not only in Korea 7 ; 8 Preface but in Africa and some parts of India and, in fact, wherever they have been tried. It is hoped that the book may be somewhat of an inspiration, not only to missionaries and evangelistic workers but to Christians everywhere, and that it may be a help in carrying on Christian work both in the home lands and on the mis- sion fields. As the writer has proceeded with this delineation it has seemed to grow more and more clear that the one salient feature, the one dominant characteristic of the whole life, was love; a great boundless overwhelming love for God and man which knew no narrow limits of sect, or race, or place, or time. This it was that drew so many hearts to him in loving personal devotion ; it was such a love which carried him along, like "a torch of fire," as he was called, through his whole career. With faith and hope he was wonderfully gifted, but the love that was the essence of his being was the greatest gift of all. If, in some small degree, the study of this character and of his missionary experiences shall be of help to the readers, the aim of the writer will be attained. Heartiest thanks are due to the many friends who assisted in gathering data: the secretaries and librarians of our board ; Dr. Brown of New York University Dr. Avison, who wrote the incident of the Y. M. C. A. excitement ; Mr. H. H. Underwood, who wrote the para- graphs on the newspaper, the beginning of the Y. M. C. A. and the incident of the trip overland in the rainy season; Mr. Bonwick, who wrote most of the notes on the evangelistic campaign; Mrs. Mott, Dr. White, Dr. H. N. Allen, Mr. H. B. Hulbert, Dr. Easton, Dr. Gilles- pie, the editor of the Korean Field; Mrs. Larkin, Mrs. Preface 9 Stephens, Mr. J. T. Underwood, and others who helped out the writer's memory on one point or another. It may be that some names have been omitted of the many that so wilHngly assisted. If so, I beg their forgiveness, for we are deeply indebted to all the friends of that dear soul whose beautiful life I have so poorly portrayed. L. H. U. Outside the South Gate, Seoul, Korea. CONTENTS CHAPTER rAGB I. Ancestry and Training . .15 II. Missionary Apprenticeship. .39 III. Momentous Beginnings . .61 IV. A Memorable Journey .... 80 V. Grammarian and Lexicographer . 94 VI. A Busy Vacation 109 VII. Back Home in Korea 120 VIII. Fateful Days in Korea . .136 IX. An Itinerant Ministry . !~ . .155 — — X. Advocate Peacemaker Ambassador . 181 XI. The Broadening River . 202 XII. Gloom and Gleam 215 XIII. The Japanese Protectorate . .229 XIV. FOREGLEAMS OF UnION 237 XV. A Strenuous Country Trip . .242 XVI. Rest in Europe 257 XVII. The Korean Propaganda in America . 265 XVIII. Division of Territory . .274 XIX. A Serious Injury 284 XX. Showers of Blessing 293 XXI. American Delegations .... 299 XXII. 1914-1915 308 XXIII. ''Home after Wandering" .... 326 11 ILLUSTRATIONS FACING PAGE Horace Grant Underwood, D.D., LL.D Frontispiece Alexander Waugh, D.D 24 Mr. John Underwood 24 Horace Underwood at Fifteen 24 Horace Underwood at Twenty-four 24 Horace Underwood in 1884 54 Mr. No, The First Baptized Christian in Korea 54 Mr. Soh Sang Yun, The First Native Pastor 54 Members of a Korean Christian Family 90 .'. South Gate, Seoul (1890). 100 The First Church Built by Native Christians 160 A Group of Christians in Sorai 160 Board of Bible Translators 202 Severance Hospital and Surroundings 212 View of Seoul, Showing Dr. Underwood's Home 226 Dr. Underwood in Switzerland in 1907 260 The John D. Wells School in Seoul 280 Dr. John R. Mott and Party 300 Dr. Underwood Addressing the Great Sunday-School Celebration 306 Mr. Yi Sang Chai 310 Dr. Underwood among the Children in His Garden.. 324 Government Permits for the Union Christian College in Seoul 330 13 "Whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of good report, if there be any virtue and if there be any praise, think on these things." CHAPTER I ANCESTRY AND TRAINING the second volume of the Book of the Underwood IN Families in America is found on page 625 the fol- lowing: "John Underwood of New Durham, N. J., son of Thomas of London, England, born in London, England, in 1829, married in 1855, Elisabeth Grant Maire." Six children were born to this couple, of whom Horace Grant, born in London, July 19, 1859, was the fourth. Thomas Underwood, the grandfather of Horace, was with his brother George a publisher of medical and other books, having his place of business in Fleet Street, London. They were both earnest Christian men, of English birth. The wife of Thomas was a daughter of Dr. Alexander Waugh, of Scotland, whose name even now is well known among Presbyterians in both England and Scotland. He was a man of much note and great influence, a powerful preacher and deeply interested in foreign missions. His character, his gifts and his whole attitude of mind are so strikingly like those of his great- grandson Horace Underwood, that it is worth while to note a few facts concerning him as set down in his biography. Born in 1754, he had graduated from the University o£ Edinburgh in 1770 and from the University of Aberdeen in 1777. He was licensed to preach at twenty-five, and 15 16 Underwood of Korea had competing calls from London and Edinburgh, and became pastor of the Wells Street congregation, London. He was actively interested in a union of Episcopalians, Presbyterians, Baptists, Independents and Methodists which was formed for publishing a religious periodical for the spread of scripture truths. An appeal for mis- sions had been made in 1794 through this paper, and in July of 1795 a meeting of some twenty members was held and a missionary society was formed. The com- mittee who were to make plans for this society were twelve leading divines, including Dr. Waugh. The latter was individually the framer of the "fundamental princi- ple" of the Society. This has been preserved in his own handwriting as follows: "As the union of God's people of various denominations in carrying on this great work fs a most desirable object, so to prevent, if possible, any cause of future dissension it is declared to be a funda- mental principle of this missionary society that our design is not to send Presbyterian, Independent, Episco- palian or any other form of church order and govern- ment, about which there may be a difference of opinion among serious persons, but the Glorious Gospel of the Blessed God to the heathen, and it shall be left to the minds of the persons whom God shall call into the fellow- ship of His Son from among them to assume for them- selves such form of church government as to them shall appear most agreeable to the Word of God." This in 1795! Are we progressing? No wonder that the great-grandson's ideal was unity! To quote further from Dr. Waugh's biography: "On all occasions for thirty-three years, Dr.
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