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Musk in Space Elon Musk Zuid-Afrikaan – Canadees – Amerikaan Musk In Space Elon Musk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-VcCzKjXs-8 Zuid-Afrikaan – Canadees – Amerikaan • Geboren op 28.06.1971 in Zuid-Afrika • Vertrok op 17 jarige leeftijd naar Canada • Twee jaar later naar Pennsylvania • 1999 – Zip2 (met zijn broer) • Verkocht voor 340 miljoen dollar aan Compaq • 2002 – Paypal • Verkocht voor 1,5 miljard dollar aan eBay Een Bezige Bij • 2002 – SpaceX • 2004 – Tesla (opgericht in 2003) • 2006 – Solar City • 2015 – OpenAI • 2016 – Neurolink • 2016 – The Boring Company • Hyperloop SpaceX Een Overzicht • 2001 – “Mars Oasis” concept – Lanceren kost te veel geld • Idee om een eigen raket te ontwikkelen – Verticale Integratie • 85% Falcon/Dragon wordt in-house gefabriceerd • Modulaire benadering: Falcon – Falcon 9 – Falcon Heavy • 2002 – Oprichting SpaceX • 11.2006 – Eerste lancering Falcon (naar de Millennium Falcon) • 06.2010 – Falcon 9 (Dragon en Crew Dragon) • 2012 – 57 miljoen dollar per lancering – Arianespace 137 miljoen dollar • 01.2015 – Starlink -> 04.2019 Eerste batch 60 Falcon Falcon 1 • Tweetrapsraket – 1ste trap Merlin – 2de trap Kestrel • Merlin 1A (2 lanceringen) – Merlin 1C (3 lanceringen) • Ervaring opdoen • Origineel voorzien voor Vandenberg Air Force Base LC3W • Conflict met andere lanceerplatformen • Kwajalein Atoll – Omelek Island Falcon 1 • 24.03.2006 – Lekkende brandstofleiding • Schroef gecorrodeerd door zoutwater • Alumium vervangen door roestvrij staal (goedkoper, maar zwaarder) • Inbouwen van veel meer pre-launch controles • 21.03.2007 – 1ste trap met interstage botste tegen 2de trap • Tollende beweging • 03.08.2008 – Na afscheiden vloog 1ste trap tegen 2de trap • Teveel aan brandstof • Vier satellieten gingen verloren • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0w9p3U8860 Bijna failliet • Musk – 2017 – International Astronautical Congress: • “And the reason that I ended up being the chief engineer or chief designer, was not because I want to, it's because I couldn't hire anyone. Nobody good would join. So I ended up being that by default. And I messed up the first three launches. The first three launches failed. Fortunately the fourth launch which was – that was the last money that we had for Falcon 1 – the fourth launch worked, or that would have been it for SpaceX” Eerste Succes • 28.09.2008 – Dummy satelliet met succes gelanceerd • 14.07.2009 – Maleisische RazakSat in LEO Falcon 9 • 1ste trap met 9 Merlin 1C (1D) – 2de trap met 1 Merlin 1C (1D) • Concurrent met EELV-klasse – Delta IV en Atlas V • Block 5 – Definitieve versie – “Human Rated” • Bedoeld om volledig herbruikbaar te zijn • 2de Trap bleek te moeilijk (brandstof) Falcon 9 Type Ontwikkeling Operationeel #Lanc Falcon 9 v1.0 2005-2010 2010-2013 #5 Falcon 9 v1.1 2010-2013 2013-2016 #15 Falcon 9 Full Thrust 2014-2015 2015-2018 #25 Falcon 9 Block 4 2017-2018 #12 Falcon 9 Block 5 2018- #26 (03.2020) 2015 – Eerste succesvolle terugkeer 1ste trap (op land) 2017 – Eerste keer herbruik 1ste trap Herbruikbaar • Eerst met parachutes (2006 – 2010) • Alle F1-lanceringen, eerste 2 F9-lanceringen • Booster overleefde de terugkeer niet • Parachutesysteem kon nooit uitgetest worden • 2011 – Overschakelen op VTVL • Vertical Takeoff Vertical Landing In Stappen • 09.2012 – 10.2013: Grasshopper • F9 v1.0 Booster met 1 Merlin 1D • Low Attitude – Low Velocity • 8 succesvolle testen – McGregor (Texas) • Laatste vlucht tot 744m hoog, duur 79s • Slechts FAA licentie tot 760 meter • Opgevolgd door F9R Dev1 (R – Reusable) • Gebaseerd op de grotere F9 v1.1 • Licentie tot 3.000 meter • 5 testen in 2014, laatste test ontplofte • Testprogramma stopgezet met apart voertuig – Testen met F9 v1.1-lanceringen De Eerste “Landingen” • F6 (09.2013) • F9 (04.2014) – “Landing” op het water • F10 (07.2014) – “Landing” op het water • F13 (09.2014) – “Landing” op het water • F14 (01.2015) – Harde landing op drone ship • F15 () – “Landing” op het water • F17 (04.2015) – Harde landing op drone ship Succes • 12.2015 – Eerste F9 FT – Eerste landing op land – Succes ! • 04.2016 – Eerste succesvolle landing op een drone ship • 03.2017 – Eerste lancering van een eerder gelanceerde eerste trap • 03.2020 – Vijfde keer dat een eerste trap gelanceerd werd • Ging verloren bij terugkeer (probleem met één van de 9 motoren) • Tweede keer dat in 2020 een eerste trap verloren ging Falcon Heavy Falcon Heavy • Eerste ideeën dateren al van 2004 • Ontwikkeld zonder steun, voor een 500 miljoen dollar • Tegen eind 2013, begin 2014 • Eerste lancering op 6.02.2018 • Nog twee lanceringen in 2019 • Dit jaar één lancering voor het DoD • Falcon Heavy in herbruikbare versie – 100 miljoen per lancering Dragon Cargo & Crew Commercial Orbital Transportation Services • COTS – Niet over de eigenlijke vluchten, maar over de ontwikkeling • In 2005 werd door NASA de vraag gesteld • Twee kandidaten op 18.08.2006 gekozen • RpK – 207 miljoen $ beloofd, maar kregen uiteindelijk 32,1 miljoen $ • SpaceX – 278 miljoen $ wat later steeg tot 396 miljoen $ • RpK (Rocketplane Kistler) – Contract vebroken in 09.2007 • OSC – 170 miljoen $ (in de tweede ronde) dat steeg tot 288 miljoen $ • 3 demonstratievluchten in periode 2008 en 2010 Dragon Demonstratievluchten • 04.06.2010 – Dragon Spacecraft Qualification Unit • Eerste F9 v1.0 • Testen aerodynamische eigenschappen bij lancering • Geen splashdown • 08.12.2010 – COTS Demo Flight 1 – Geslaagde vlucht • 22.05.2012 – COTS Demo Flight 2+ • Samenvoegen van 2de en 3de demovlucht • Geslaagde koppeling met ISS • Enige capsule met terugkeercapaciteit (3.500 kg) Commercial Resupply Services • 23.12.2008 – Eerste CRS-contract (Uitgebreid in 2015 en in 2018) • 1,6 miljard voor SpaceX – 12 vluchten -> 20 vluchten (+ 3 en +5) • 1,9 miljard voor OSC (nu NG) – 8 vluchten -> 10 vluchten • Enkele speciale missies • CRS 1 (4de F9 v1.0) • CRS 2 – Eerste trunk met lading (5de F9 v1.0) • CRS 3 – 2de F9 v1.1 • CRS 7 – Raket ontplofte kort na lancering • CRS 11 – Hardware van CRS 4 • CRS 20 (03.2020) – Laatste v/d eerste reeks Dragon-capsules • Tevens laatste CRS 1-missie CRS 2 • 14.01.2016 – Tweede contract • Lanceringen tussen 2019 en (wellicht) 2024 • Minimum 6 lanceringen • Waarde contracten niet gekend • Drie leveranciers • Northrop Grumman • SpaceX – Nieuwe versie v/d capsule gebaseerd op de Crew Dragon • Sierra Nevada Company (Dream Chaser Cargo System) – Q3 2021 (?) Commercial Crew • Gevraagd – Een capsule • Geschikt voor 4 bemanningsleden, naar het ISS én terug • Ook te gebruiken in noodgevallen (Assured Crew Return) • 24 uur safe haven in geval van noodtoestand • Minstens 210 dagen aan het ISS gekoppeld kunnen blijven Commercial Crew Development Program • CCDev1 – 2010 – Concept & Technologie • 5 kandidaten • Boeing - $18 miljoen – CST-100 • United Launch Alliance - $6.7 miljoen – Emergency Detection System Atlas V • CCDev2 – 2011 • 7 kandidaten • Boeing - $92.3 miljoen (later nog 20,6 miljoen extra) – Verdere CST-100 ontwikkeling • SpaceX - $75 miljoen – Dragon 2 Integrated LAS • United Launch Alliance (ULA) – unfunded – Atlas V Human Rated Commercial Crew Integrated Capability • CCiCAP – Afgewerkte voorstellen, zowel qua capsule als raket als … • Toegekend op 03.08.2012, aangepast op 15.08.2013 • Boeing - $460 miljoen (later nog 20 miljoen extra) – CST-100/Atlas V • Sierra Nevada Corporation - $212.5 miljoen (later nog 15 miljoen extra) – Dream Chaser/Atlas Va) • SpaceX - $440 miljoen (later nog 20 miljoen extra) – Dragon 2/Falcon 9 • Certification Products Contract (CPC) (toegekend 12.2012) – Phase 1 • Boeing - $9.993 miljoen • Sierra Nevada Corporation - $10 miljoen • SpaceX - $9.589 miljoen Boeing – Starliner – Atlas V SpaceX – Crew Dragon – Falcon 9 Commercial Crew Transportation Capability • CCtCAP (in feite CPC Phase 2) • Contracten uitgedeeld op 16.09.2014 • $4,2 miljard voor Boeing – Kreeg later nog 287,2 miljoen dollar • $2,6 miljard voor SpaceX • Onbemande testvlucht – Bemande testvlucht – 6 operationele missies • PCM – Post Certification Mission • Planning: Eerste vlucht in 2015 • Programma kreeg in het begin te weinig geld van het Congress Crew Dragon vs Starliner • 06.05.2015 – Pad Abort Test • 02.03.2019 – Crew Dragon Demo 1 – Onbemande testvlucht, met koppeling aan het ISS en een geslaagde terugkeer op water • 20.04.2019 – Capsule ontploft bij testen Super Draco’s • 04.11.2019 – Pad Abort Test • 20.12.2019 – Orbital Flight Test – Onbemande testvlucht, geen koppeling wegens timer issue, geslaagde terugkeer op land • 19.01.2020 – In-Flight Abort Test (contractueel niet toe verplicht, Boeing doet deze test niet). Video • Ontploffing Crew Dragon • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xe4ee56aHSg • Scott Manley: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6P063KnI5NI • One Year Anniversary Movie – Crew Dragon Demo 1 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-wBgsf8jWY SpaceX Crew Dragon Demo 2 • NET – In mei (onder voorbehoud) Starlink Het WWW Wereldwijd Toegankelijk • Aangekondigd in januari 2015 • Wereldwijd breedband netwerk • Hoge snelheid - Lage latency • Februari 2018 – Lancering van twee prototypes • Tintin A en Tintin B • 24.05.2019 – Starlink 0 – 60 satellieten, versie 0.9 • Starlink 1 (11.11.2019) – Starlink 2 (07.01.2020 – Met Darksat) • Starlink 3 (29.01.2020) – Starlink 4 (17.02.2020) • Starlink 5 (18.03.2020) DarkSat • Starlink en de sterrenkundigen • Starlink: 1.584 satellieten • Goedkeuring voor 12.000 extra satellieten • Mogelijke vraag naar nog eens 30.000 exemplaren • DarkSat uitgerust met experimentele coating • Naar verluid 55% donkerder • Mogelijkheid om de satellieten uit te rusten met een “parasol” Nog Wat Info • Worden gelanceerd per 60 exemplaren (OneWeb
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