Unit 3: Vivekananda's Practical Vedanta
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I on an Empty Stomach After Evacuating the Bladder and Bowels
• I on a Tllt' Bi11lr· ol' \lodt•nJ Yoga-It� Philo�opl1� and Prad il't' -hv thr: World" s Fon-·mo �l 'l'r·ar·lwr B • I< . S . IYENGAR \\ it h compldc· dt·!wription� and illustrations of all tlw po �tun·� and bn·athing techniqn··� With More than 600 Photographs Positioned Next to the Exercises "For the serious student of Hatha Yoga, this is as comprehensive a handbook as money can buy." -ATLANTA JOURNAL-CONSTITUTION "The publishers calls this 'the fullest, most practical, and most profusely illustrated book on Yoga ... in English'; it is just that." -CHOICE "This is the best book on Yoga. The introduction to Yoga philosophy alone is worth the price of the book. Anyone wishing to know the techniques of Yoga from a master should study this book." -AST RAL PROJECTION "600 pictures and an incredible amount of detailed descriptive text as well as philosophy .... Fully revised and photographs illustrating the exercises appear right next to the descriptions (in the earlier edition the photographs were appended). We highly recommend this book." -WELLNESS LIGHT ON YOGA § 50 Years of Publishing 1945-1995 Yoga Dipika B. K. S. IYENGAR Foreword by Yehudi Menuhin REVISED EDITION Schocken Books New 1:'0rk First published by Schocken Books 1966 Revised edition published by Schocken Books 1977 Paperback revised edition published by Schocken Books 1979 Copyright© 1966, 1968, 1976 by George Allen & Unwin (Publishers) Ltd. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by Schocken Books Inc., New York. Distributed by Pantheon Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New York. -
Yoga and the Five Prana Vayus CONTENTS
Breath of Life Yoga and the Five Prana Vayus CONTENTS Prana Vayu: 4 The Breath of Vitality Apana Vayu: 9 The Anchoring Breath Samana Vayu: 14 The Breath of Balance Udana Vayu: 19 The Breath of Ascent Vyana Vayu: 24 The Breath of Integration By Sandra Anderson Yoga International senior editor Sandra Anderson is co-author of Yoga: Mastering the Basics and has taught yoga and meditation for over 25 years. Photography: Kathryn LeSoine, Model: Sandra Anderson; Wardrobe: Top by Zobha; Pant by Prana © 2011 Himalayan International Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy of the U.S.A. All rights reserved. Reproduction or use of editorial or pictorial content in any manner without written permission is prohibited. Introduction t its heart, hatha yoga is more than just flexibility or strength in postures; it is the management of prana, the vital life force that animates all levels of being. Prana enables the body to move and the mind to think. It is the intelligence that coordinates our senses, and the perceptible manifestation of our higher selves. By becoming more attentive to prana—and enhancing and directing its flow through the Apractices of hatha yoga—we can invigorate the body and mind, develop an expanded inner awareness, and open the door to higher states of consciousness. The yoga tradition describes five movements or functions of prana known as the vayus (literally “winds”)—prana vayu (not to be confused with the undivided master prana), apana vayu, samana vayu, udana vayu, and vyana vayu. These five vayus govern different areas of the body and different physical and subtle activities. -
• Principles of Dynamic Mindfulness
1st Module EARTH Philosophy, History, Anatomy and the Subtle Body We start by diving into the history and philosophy of Yoga and Buddhism, in order to find out how are these ancient teachings and practices relevant in the context of our contemporary lives. We will put the teachings into practice through a lab sequence and an introduction to meditation. These will be complemented by a thorough exploration of the anatomy of the physical and energetic bodies. By the time you complete Module 1, your yoga practice will feel far more comprehensive and supported by the knowledge and techniques you have learned. You will be ready to approach teaching with wisdom and grounded confidence. Module 1 is also an incredible experience for those wanting to explore their own practice on a new level, even if you do not intend to become a teacher. • Opening: Perspectives on the Body: East/West • History & Evolution of Yoga • Introduction to Yoga Philosophy: Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras • What did Buddha teach ? • Applied Buddhist Psychology • Chinese Spiritual Heritage • Anatomy for Yoga Teachers • Subtle Body Anatomy • Principles of Dynamic Mindfulness • Introduction to Meditation • Sequence Lab • Western Somatics – Practices of Embodiment 2nd Module WATER Basic Asanas, Alignment & Adjustments The second module builds on the knowledge of anatomy and the subtle body from Module 1 and expands into sequencing a dynamic and intelligent class based on your knowledge of how the asanas and the body function together. You will learn a comprehensive list of yoga asanas (poses), healthy alignment and safe, helpful adjustments. By the end of Segment 2 you will be able to teach your fellow trainees a simple, challenging and effective yoga class with a focus on breath, sequencing and alignment. -
Shankara: a Hindu Revivalist Or a Crypto-Buddhist?
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Religious Studies Theses Department of Religious Studies 12-4-2006 Shankara: A Hindu Revivalist or a Crypto-Buddhist? Kencho Tenzin Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/rs_theses Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Tenzin, Kencho, "Shankara: A Hindu Revivalist or a Crypto-Buddhist?." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2006. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/rs_theses/4 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Religious Studies at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Religious Studies Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SHANKARA: A HINDU REVIVALIST OR A CRYPTO BUDDHIST? by KENCHO TENZIN Under The Direction of Kathryn McClymond ABSTRACT Shankara, the great Indian thinker, was known as the accurate expounder of the Upanishads. He is seen as a towering figure in the history of Indian philosophy and is credited with restoring the teachings of the Vedas to their pristine form. However, there are others who do not see such contributions from Shankara. They criticize his philosophy by calling it “crypto-Buddhism.” It is his unique philosophy of Advaita Vedanta that puts him at odds with other Hindu orthodox schools. Ironically, he is also criticized by Buddhists as a “born enemy of Buddhism” due to his relentless attacks on their tradition. This thesis, therefore, probes the question of how Shankara should best be regarded, “a Hindu Revivalist or a Crypto-Buddhist?” To address this question, this thesis reviews the historical setting for Shakara’s work, the state of Indian philosophy as a dynamic conversation involving Hindu and Buddhist thinkers, and finally Shankara’s intellectual genealogy. -
Using Props to Achieve Stability and Ease in Yoga Poses
Using PROPS to Achieve STABILITY and EASE in YOGA Poses by Tricia Fiske and Marianne Woods Cirone Photographs by Sachiko Eubanks From Alignment to Enlightenment: Using Props to Achieve Stability and Ease in Yoga Poses Tricia Fiske Marianne Woods Cirone Satya Publishing St. Charles, Illinois FROM ALIGNMENT TO ENLIGHTENMENT: Using Props to Achieve Stability and Ease in Yoga Poses 2 Copyright © 2019 by Tricia Fiske and Marianne Woods Cirone All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or used in any manner without written permission of the copyright owner except for the use of quotations in a book review. For more information, contact [email protected] First e-book edition June 2019 Photography by Sachiko Eubanks Book design by Motomi Naito ISBN 978-1-7331298-0-0 (e-book) ISBN 978-1-7331298-1-7 (paperback) www.triciafiske.com www.mariannecirone.com FROM ALIGNMENT TO ENLIGHTENMENT: Using Props to Achieve Stability and Ease in Yoga Poses 3 EWCOMERS, experienced students of yoga and teachers of yoga are in capable hands with my dear friend, Tricia Fiske as their guide. In her Praise for Nbook, From Alignment to Enlightenment, Tricia shares her wisdom and many insights on the vital concept of alignment From Alignment in practice and the energetics of asana. to Enlightenment: With the use of props to support the understanding of proper, safe form within the postures as the foundation, Tricia has Using Props created a clear, smart and important manual that will be to Achieve of immense value to anyone looking to build a foundation or deepen their practice of yoga asana. -
The Subtle Body: Religious, Spiritual, Health-Related, Or All Three?
University of Mary Washington Eagle Scholar Student Research Submissions Spring 4-20-2020 The Subtle Body: Religious, Spiritual, Health-Related, or All Three? Kathryn Heislup Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.umw.edu/student_research Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Heislup, Kathryn, "The Subtle Body: Religious, Spiritual, Health-Related, or All Three?" (2020). Student Research Submissions. 325. https://scholar.umw.edu/student_research/325 This Honors Project is brought to you for free and open access by Eagle Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Research Submissions by an authorized administrator of Eagle Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Subtle Body: Religious, Spiritual, Health-Related, or All Three? A Look Into the Subtle Physiology of Traditional and Modern Forms of Yoga Kathryn E. Heislup RELG 401: Senior Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Major in Religion University of Mary Washington April 20, 2020 2 Notions of subtle body systems have migrated and changed throughout India and Tibet over many years with much controversy; the movement of these ideas to the West follows a similar controversial path, and these developments in both Asia and the West exemplify how one cannot identify a singular, legitimate, “subtle body”. Asserting that there is only one legitimate teaching, practice, and system of the subtle body is problematic and inappropriate. The subtle body refers to assumed energy points within the human body that cannot be viewed by the naked eye, but is believed by several traditions to be part of our physical existence. Indo-Tibetan notions of a subtle body do include many references to similar ideas when it comes to this type of physiology, but there has never been one sole agreement on a legitimate identification or intended use. -
PART VI: Book - I NIRVANA (LIBERATION)
PART VI: Book - I NIRVANA (LIBERATION) 1. What is Nirvana: Sage Valmiki’s opus, Yogavaasishta consisting of six chapters can be broadly divided into two major modules. The first module comprises the initial two Chapters, which are mainly introductory in nature. The subsequent three Chapters that follow them deal with Origination (Utpatti), Sustenance (Sthiti) and Dissolution (Laya) respectively of the universe. What is there to be discussed further when once the universe was Dissolved? From the standpoint of the theoretical exposition of the subject matter, the theory had been covered fully in the two Chapters on Origination and Sustenance. The Chapter that came next was not called Dissolution; instead it was titled, “The Calm Down.” The Chapter on The Calm Down dealt exhaustively with the practical aspects of calming down the mind. By now both the theory and the praxis had been fully expounded from all perspectives. What is it that remains to be explained in one more chapter? Sage Vasishta considered contemplation on Aum to be a very important means of achieving liberation in his discourse in the Chapter on The Calm Down. He pointed out that Aum consisted of the four sounds ‘A’, ‘U’, ‘M’ and a half note. Knowledgeable people following the tradition of contemplation on Aum say that the sound ‘A’ represents creation, ‘U’ represents sustenance and ‘M’ represents calming down. They consider the fourth half note to signify the indistinct ‘hum’ of the three states. If we accept this approach, chapters on creation, sustenance and calming down corresponding to ‘A’, ‘U’ and ‘M’ were completed. -
A Sage Par Excellence
A Sage Par Excellence Biography of Jagadguru Shankaracharya Sri Sacchidananda Shivabhinava Narasimha Bharati Mahaswamiji, the 33rd Acharya of Dakshinamnaya Sri Sharada Peetham, Sringeri www.sringeri.net © Sri Sri Jagadguru Shankaracharya Mahasamsthanam Dakshinamnaya Sri Sharada Peetham, Sringeri - 577 139 www.sringerisharadapeetham.org A Sage Par Excellence Published by: Vidya Bharati Press (An in-house publication wing of Dakshinamnaya Sri Sharada Peetham Sringeri - 577 139, Karnataka Ph: 08265 250123) © Dakshinamnaya Sri Sharada Peetham, Sringeri First Edition: May 2010 (1000 copies) ISBN: 978-81-910191-1-7 Printed at: Vidya Bharati Press Shankarapuram, Bangalore - 560 004 Contributionwww.sringeri.net value: Rs. 25/- This book is distributed at a highly subsidized value for the sustenance© and propagation of Sanatana Dharma, and to reach all sections of the society. The contribution value received for this book is used for charitable purposes. Copies available at: Sri Sharada Peetham, Sringeri – 577 139 ii Preface Twelve centuries back, Jagadguru Sri Adi Shankaracharya established His first and foremost Peetham, the Dakshinamnaya Sringeri Sri Sharada Peetham for the sustenance and propagation of Sanatana-Dharma. Since then, the Peetham has been adorned by an unbroken chain of Acharyas who have been erudite scholars and dispassionate saints. Out of their innate compassion, the Jagadgurus have been incessantly teaching the path of Dharma to the multitude of Their disciples, through Their very lives, Their teachings and by the establishment of temples, Pathashalas and other charitable institutions. The 33rd Acharya of the Peetham, Jagadguru Sri Sacchidananda Shivabhinava Narasimha Bharati Mahaswamijiwww.sringeri.net was a great yogi, a repository of Shastraic knowledge, an expert in Mantra-Shastra and an epitome of compassion.© A life sketch of the Mahaswamiji was first published in Kannada by the Peetham in 1924. -
Asana Pranayama Mudra Bandha
Asana Pranayama Mudra Bandha Swami Satyananda Saraswati 'og.t Pubhcatlons J ntst, Mungct, B1h.u, JndJ.J Asana Pranayama Mudra Bandha With kind regards, \!a and prem �!{,�A*- Asana Pranayama Mudra Bandha Swami Satyananda Saraswati Yoga Publications Trust, Munger, Bihar, India © Bihar School of Yoga 1969, 1973, 1996, 2008 All rights resetved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted or stored in a retrieval system, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing fromYoga Publications Trust. The terms Satyananda YogaGD and Bihar YogaGD are registered trademarks owned by International Yoga Fellowship Movement (IYFM). The use of the same in this book is with permission and should not in any way be taken as affecting the validity of the marks. Published by Bihar School of Yoga First edition 1969 Reprinted 1971 Second edition 1973 Reprinted 1977, 1980, 1983, 1989, 1993, 1995, 1996 Third (revised) edition 1996 (by Bihar Yoga Bharati with permission of Bihar School of Yoga) Reprinted 1997, 1999 Published by Yoga Publications Trust Reprinted 2002, 2004 (twice), 2005, 2006 Fourth (revised) edition 2008 Reprinted 2008, 2009 ISBN: 978-81-86336-14-4 Publisher and distributor: Yoga Publications Trust, Ganga Darshan, Munger, Bihar, India. Website: www.biharyoga.net www rikh. iapeeth.net Printed at Thomson Press (India) Limited, New Delhi, 110001 lV Dedication In humility we offer this dedication to Swami Sivananda Saraswati, who initiated Swami Satyananda Sarnswati into the secrets of yoga. Contents Preface zx Introduction -
Profound Q & a on Vedanta
PROFOUND Q & A ON VEDANTA By Swami Paramarthananda Complied by Sri R. Ramgopal Transcribed by Sri D. Natarajan Edited by Sri Praveen Bhat NOTE: 1. Swami Paramarthananda has not verified the transcription of talks. The transcriptions have been done with Swamiji’s blessings by his disciple. 2. We will add one Question and Answer every week in this book. 3. The new Question and Answer added will also appear every week in the Face Book Group- Swami Dayananda Followers Published by : Arsha Avinash Foundation 104 Third Street, Tatabad, Coimbatore 641012, India Phone: +91 9487373635 E mail: [email protected] www.arshaavinash.in 1 PROFOUND Q&A ON VEDANTA BY SWAMI PARAMARTHANANDA Question No:1 What is the role of Isvara in Advaita? A: Advaita means ‘One without a second’ – ‘ekameva advitiyam. It is the declaration of the Ultimate Truth that Brahman exists at all times as the Existence/ Consciousness principle in all living beings. Mahavakya vichara helps a sadhaka to grasp this Truth and claim his Brahman status. This is the knowledge which liberates a samsari from his wrong notion of samsaritva. Who reveals this spiritual knowledge? Brahman being totally actionless cannot reveal this knowledge. It is the Sastras which reveal this truth. All the Sastras have come out of the mouth of Isvara himself and hence considered very sacred and valid at all times. Brahman associated with the creative power called Maya is called Isvara. He is the srishti-sthiti-laya-karta. All Sastras and Vedas are the words of Isvara himself. All that is seen, observed and experienced are nothing but Isvara. -
Advaita Bodha Deepika [Lamp of Non-Dual Knowledge]
ADVAITA BODHA DEEPIKA [LAMP OF NON-DUAL KNOWLEDGE] Sri Ramanasramam Tiruvannamalai 2002 FOREWORD Originally Sri Shankaracharya and other great Sages had written several works like the commentary on the Vedanta Sutras and thus furnished the methods for those engaged in Self enquiry to accomplish their purpose. From those, Sri Karapatra Swami later condensed the salient points into Sanskrit verse in a work of twelve chapters, called Sri Advaita Bodha Deepika. Still later, some great man seems to have translated this into Tamil prose. For some unknown reasons only some eight chapters of the same are found published. They are: 1. Adhyaropa = Super imposition. 2. Apavada = Its removal. 3. Sadhana = The means of accomplishment. 4. Sravana = Hearing, reading, talking about God. 5. Manana = Reflecting on sravana. 6. Vasanakshaya = Annihilation of latencies. 7. Sakshatkara = Direct Realisation. 8. Manonasa = Extinction of the mind. In this work the author has explained how Ignorance obscures the true nature of the Self which is non-dual only; how by its veiling aspect it covers It (the Self) with two effects — ‘that It does not exist’ and ‘that It does not shine forth’, how by its other aspect, in the shape of the mind, projecting individuals, Iswara and the world and presenting them as real, thus giving rise to illusion; how one fully qualified is alone fit to obtain this knowledge; how a bare scholar of the shastras cannot be fit; how enquiry is the chief means for knowledge; how this enquiry consists in hearing of, reflecting upon and contemplation -
The Three Systems of Vedanta
THE THREE SYSTEMS ofofof VEDANTA An Introduction PREFACE Vedānta is neither recondite nor impractical. If presented properly, studied earnestly and understood with an unsophisticated heart, it can be a source of inspiration here and now. The holistic view of the universe that it offers, with its stress on the Divine permeating or controlling every aspect, can help us to elevate our mind from the microcosm to the macrocosm, from the mundane to the mystic levels. Though the original source of Vedānta--the prasthānatraya--is one, its interpretations are many. In this booklet, an outline of the three major--rather, more wellknown--systems is given. A brief summary of four more, has been added at the end as an appendix. We do hope that this brochure will rouse the curiosity of the reader to study these systems more comprehensively. Swami Harshananda CONTENTS Advaita Vedānta Darśana Preamble Darśanas Vedānta Darśana Advaita Vedānta Brahman, the only Reality Anirvacanīya Khyāti Ajñāna or Avidyā Māyā Three Degrees of Reality Creation Jīva Sādhanās and Mukti Jīvanmukti and Videhamukti Locus of Avidyā Post-Śaṅkara Advaita Conclusion Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta Darśana Introduction Literature Epistemology Ontology Means of Liberation State of Liberation Conclusion Dvaita Vedānta Darśana Introduction Dvaita Literature Philosophy Pramāṇas Prameyas Theology Brahman or God Lakṣmī Jīvas or Individual Souls Prakṛti or Nature Avyākṛta-ākāśa or Unmodified Space Mokṣa or Liberation Conclusion Appendix Bhāskara Nimbārka Vallabha Baladeva ADVAITA VEDVEDĀĀĀĀNTANTA DARDARŚŚŚŚANAANA PREAMBLE Man is often described as a rational animal. Once the animal in him is reasonably satisfied by the provision of basic biological and some psychological needs, the rational part gets an opportunity to evolve to higher levels.