2017 Competition figures Publishing details Deutsche Bahn AG Economic, Political & Regulatory Affairs Potsdamer Platz 2 10785 Berlin No liability for errors or omissions Last modified: May 2018 www.deutschebahn.com/en/group/ competition year's level. For DB's rail network, the result of these trends was a slight 0.5% increase in operating performance. The numerous competitors, who are now well established in the market, once again accounted for a considerable share of this. Forecasts anticipate a further increase in traffic over the coming years. To accommodate this growth while making a substantial contribution to saving the environment and protecting the climate, DB is investing heavily in a Dear readers, modernised and digitalised rail net- work. Combined with the rail pact that The strong economic growth in 2017 we are working toward with the Federal gave transport markets in Germany and Government, this will create a positive Europe a successful year, with excellent competitive environment for the rail- performance in passenger and freight ways so that they can help tackle the sectors alike. Rail was the fastest- transport volumes of tomorrow with growing mode of passenger transport high-capacity, energy-efficient, in Germany. Rising passenger numbers high-quality services. in regional, local and long distance transport led to substantial growth in Sincerely, transport volume. In the freight mar- ket, meanwhile, only road haulage was able to capitalise on rising demand. Among rail freight companies, the volume sold remained at the previous 2 3 Contents Contents 03 Preface 24 Infrastructure 24 Use of the rail network 04 Contents in Germany 27 Modernisation of the 06 Passenger transport German rail network 06 German market 10 Long-distance rail passenger 32 Transport performance data transport in Germany since 2012 at a glance 12 Regional and local rail 32 Passenger transport passenger transport 33 Freight transport in Germany 34 Infrastructure 14 European rail passenger transport 16 Freight transport 16 Total market in Germany 20 Rail freight transport in Germany 22 European rail freight transport 4 5 Passenger transport German market in 2017 Rising employment and higher disposable incomes bolstered demand for passenger transport in Germany. However, the various modes of transport grew at different rates. Growth continued: Transport transport. Private motorised volume in the German passenger transport was up 1.0%, while transport declined by Transport volume in Germany 2016 2017 transport market rose by 1.0% public road transport stagnated. 0.1 percentage points to 6.3%. (in billion passenger kilometres) in 2017. Rising fuel prices and Air travel declined by 0.4%. The shares of rail (8.4%) and Motorised private transport 965.5 975.2 inflation acted as a brake on this air travel (0.9%) in the modal upward trend. Road with highest market Rail passenger transport 95.9 97.5 split were unchanged. share: Private motorised trans- Public road transport 72.9 72.9 Rail grew fastest: With a 1.7% port increased its share of the Air travel (domestic in Germany) 10.4 10.4 rise in transport volume, rail was modal split by 0.1 percentage the fastest-growing mode of points to 84.4%. Public road Total 1144.7 1156.0 6 7 Passenger transport Jahreszahl ergänzen, Personenkilometer streichen, Long-distance bus travel in Market development in passenger decline: For the first time since transportda growth keine year Angaben on year and in km modal split in 2017 (based on transport markets were liberalised, the volume) number of long-distance bus users fell in 2017 by 0.8% to 22.8 million. The transport volume declined by 4.8%. FlixBus still market leader: Deutsche Touring became insolvent in 2017 and FlixBus took over the Hellö long-distance +1.7 % bus subsidiary of Austrian +1.0 % +1.0 % Federal Railways. Hellö entered the German market in 2016. FlixBus has a market share of -0.4 % +0.0 % over 90%. Total Rail Air PMT PRT Ongoing trend: The transport 1) volume is expected to rise by a 6.3 0.9 PRT Air further 1.2% in 2018, but this 8.4 rise is expected to slow down Rail somewhat from 2019 onwards. For rail transport, the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital % Infrastructure forecasts further 1) above-average growth, especially Public road transport in long-distance transport. 2) Private 84.4 PMT2) motorised transport 8 9 Passenger transport Passenger transport Long-distance rail in Germany in 2017 Long-distance trains competing expanding its long-distance successfully: In 2017, non- transport offering from road subsidised long-distance passen- (FlixBus) to rail. The company ger rail transport performed well sees the digitalisation of in the intense competition with traditional modes of transport as other transport modes. Supply the key to success. Services are and demand for rail travel are operated by other companies both rising. with which FlixMobility has signed cooperation agreements. New competition on the rail days following the launch in be operating two additional ICE network: In the long-distance Higher passenger numbers December 2017, more than a Sprinter services between Berlin market, Locomore has launched increased capacity utilisation million passengers have travelled and Munich and introducing a new connection between Stutt- at DB Long Distance: DB's ICE, between the two cities. the latest generation of trains, gart and Berlin. Following Loco- IC and EC trains carried 142.2 the ICE 4, to the market. This more’s insolvency, the business million passengers in 2017, up Train travel as an alternative to will allow DB to offer 3,000 was taken over by the rail com- 2.3%. The trains' average passen- flying:Today, 40% of travellers additional seats a day. pany Leo Express. Tickets are ger load factor rose to 55.5% between Berlin and Munich take sold by FlixTrain. In addition, (2016: 52.9%). Transport volume the train. This makes DB Long Focus on protecting the FlixTrain has been offering ser- at DB Long Distance increased Distance’s trains more popular climate: In 2017, DB Long vices on the Cologne–Hamburg by 2.6%. than flying (35%), driving (20%) Distance operated some 75% of route since March 2018. or taking the bus (5%). journeys using renewable energy. BahnTouristikExpress (BTE) Increase in services generated For 2018, the figure will be is responsible for operations. demand: The number of More capacity from the 2018 100%. New trains increase passengers on the newly opened timetable change: Starting from energy efficiency. The ICE 4 con- Success through digitalisation: Berlin–Munich high-speed line the December timetable change sumes some 22% less energy per With FlixTrain, FlixMobility is has doubled. In the first 100 in 2018, DB Long Distance will seat than a comparable ICE 1. 10 11 Passenger transport 24 competitive tenders: Client reservations in regional and bodies concluded 24 contract local transport and the expan- award procedures in 2017. Some sion of Wi-Fi in cooperation 75 million train kilometres per with local authorities. year were awarded. DB Regio won 14 contracts, encompassing around 55.5 million train kilometres a year. Regional train services ordered (in million train kilometres) Regional and local rail in Germany in 2017 Services also divided up into different contracts: In the Deutsche Bahn past, local authorities generally Competitors requested integrated bids % Competitors’ market share German market remains attrac- their market share of the combining vehicle procurement in percent tive: The German market for transport volume provided in and financing, fleet manage- regional and local rail passenger regional and local rail passenger ment, operation, maintenance transport will continue to grow in transport in 2017. The market and sales. Increasingly, calls the coming years, remaining one share was 33.2%, compared for tender are being issued for of the most appealing in Europe. to 32.9% in 2016. individual services, including 33.2 % Increasing provision of regionali- pure train operation. 2017 447 222 sation funding is creating stability. DB Regio carried more Numerous competitors have be- passengers: The company DB Regio aims to remain 32.9 % come established market players. successfully defended its market market leader: Success 2016 447 219 position with a 2.7% increase in depends on competitive costs, Competitors increasing market passenger numbers. The aim growth in the maintenance 29.2 % share: DB Regio's competitors remains to defend existing market segment and innovation. 2015 463 191 saw a moderate expansion in networks and win new ones. Examples include seat 12 13 Passenger transport Passenger transport European rail passenger transport in 2017 Positive environment for Poland, France and the Czech European transport markets: Republic led the way: The Rising employment and largest growth was recorded by disposable incomes bolstered the Polish PKP (+9.8%) and the demand for transport services French SNCF (+6.4%). The Czech in 2017. Rail is benefiting from CD achieved a gain of 5.4%. rising fuel prices. High-speed traffic was the Substantial growth in rail: driver: Growth in Poland was In European passenger rail, primarily attributable to the transport volume rose 4.0% flourishing high-speed services in 2017 (2016: +1.5%). offered by PKP Intercity. SNCF Performance of rail passenger transport in Europe in 2017 (based on transport volume, percentage change year on year) +9.8 % +6.4 % +5.4 % benefited from the opening of tent of market opening. +3.8 % two new high-speed lines. This is despite the fact that +3.0 % +3.1 % +2.6 % consistent measures to Denmark Liberalisation tapping liberalise markets tend to DSB market potential: There result in above-average growth 1 –0.7 % Spain CD in transport volume. Finland France DB² SBB Poland are large differences between BelgiumSNCB PKP SNCF Germany RENFE Switzerland national passenger rail markets has announced market opening 1) As of June 2017 2) Excluding Arriva, including DB Bahn Italia Czech Republic across Europe in terms of the ex- for 2020.