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Home , Avlo, DB Cargo, DB Regio, Deutsche Bahn, SNCF

2019/20

Competition figures The crisis has clearly shown the importance of rail to passenger trans- port and to the logistics systems that supply the economy. Even in excep- tional circumstances, the rail industry can ensure stable and extensive provi- sion of essential mobility and logistics services. Railways must continue to be part of the solution in overcoming the coronavirus crisis and reviving the economy. The economic stimulus package passed by the German government provides an important Dear readers, impetus in this respect.

Rail is key to active climate protection We witnessed a year of mixed for- and sustainable mobility. It is a fun- tunes on ’s railways in 2019. damental part of the German Climate Amid continuing strong inter- and Action Plan 2050 and the European intramodal competition and a slow- Green Deal. At , we ing economy, German rail passenger continue to plan for growth and are gained market share. maintaining our investment and re- Rail freight, meanwhile, saw its cruitment work as part of Strong Rail, share of the market decline. It was a DB’s overarching strategy. similarly mixed picture for European rail traffic. Sincerely, In 2020, the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic have presented the entire transport sector with major challenges to tackle.

3 Contents Contents

06 Passenger transport 26 06 German market 26 Use of the rail network 10 Long distance rail in Germany in Germany 12 Regional and local rail in Germany 30 Environment 14 European market 30 Rail’s contribution to protecting the environment

16 Freight transport 17 German market 34 Transport performance data 20 since 2014 at a glance in Germany 34 Passenger transport 22 European market 35 Freight transport 35 Infrastructure

4 5 Passenger transport Passenger transport German market 2019/20

Transport volume in the German passenger transport market rose slightly in 2019, with rail achieving the highest growth rate. The coronavirus pandemic has had a substantial impact on the market in 2020.

Slump in 2020 following moderate volume) rose by 0.1 percentage growth in 2019: In 2019, transport points to 8.9%. The number volume in Germany rose by an esti- of passengers was up 2% to mated 0.9% to 1,126 billion passen- 2.9 billion. ger kilometres (2018: 1,115 billion). Extensive measures to contain the Future performance: The coronavirus pandemic led to a slump coronavirus pandemic will have in demand for all modes of transport a major impact on the market from mid-March 2020. in 2020. A preliminary estimate by the German Federal Statistical Rail raises market share in 2019: Office puts the decline in pas­ In 2019, rail recorded the strongest senger numbers for the month growth in transport volume of all of March at around 40% year modes of transport (increase of 2.1% on year. An even sharper impact to 100 billion passenger kilometres). is expected in April before the The expansion of long distance rail market increasingly stabilises in services contributed to this. Rail’s the sub­sequent months. market share (measured in transport 6 7 Passenger transport Passenger transport

Market share of private motorised Decline in air travel: Transport Market performance in 2019 compared with Modal split in 2019 transport stagnates: A 1.6% fall in volume for German domestic flights previous year (measured in transport volume) (measured in transport volume) fuel prices and a 1.4% increase in the fell by 1.5% in 2019. Market share 6.4 0.9 3 vehicle population bolstered demand remained unchanged at 0.9%. In PRT2 Air for private motorised transport in Spring 2020, airlines dramatically 8.9 83.8 1 2019. Transport volume increased by reduced their services due to the Rail PMT an estimated 0.9%, while market share pandemic. Compared with the previ- held steady at 83.8%. In 2020, private ous year, the number of passengers 1) Private motorised transport will benefit from on German domestic flights was motorised further falls in fuel prices and the down roughly 70% and 99% in March +2.1% % transport need for social distancing. Despite this, and April respectively. 2 Public road +0.9% +0.9% transport initial estimates for the full year antic- 3 Air travel –1.5% 0.0% ipate a 15% fall in transport volume. (domestic in Total Rail PMT¹ PRT² Germany)

Market share for public road Sources: Destatis, DB Transport volume in Germany Air³ transport declines: In 2019, public (in billion passenger kilometres) 2018 2019¹ road transport reached the previous Private motorised transport 934.8 943.2 year’s volume of around 72 billion passenger kilometres. Market share Rail passenger transport 98.2 100.2 fell to 6.4% (2018: 6.5%). Lower Public road transport 72.1 72.1 demand for scheduled long distance bus services was partly behind this Air travel (domestic in Germany) 10.3 10.1 drop, with the number of passengers Total 1,115.4 1,125.7 falling by 8.0% to 21 million (2018: 23 million). Temporary suspension of services during the coronavirus crisis will further reduce the volume 1 Provisional, partly estimated, figures rounded in 2020. Sources: Destatis, DB

8 9 Passenger transport Passenger transport Long distance rail including on the – Collapse in demand due to line, and stimulus from the wider coronavirus pandemic: In April, in Germany in 2019/20 economy. Capacity utilisation the number of passengers on remained stable as capacity DB’s long distance services was increased. approximately 10% to 15% of the Transport volume grows in the New passenger record for DB: normal level, with services reduced long distance market: Transport A total of 150.7 million passengers, More , more services: In by around 25%. From mid-May, volume rose by around 4% in 2019 including many new customers, 2019, DB Long Distance expanded DB gradually increased services to 44.7 billion passenger kilometres. travelled on DB’s ICE, IC and EC its services on routes with particu- again in response to demand. The number of passengers grew trains in 2019. That was more than larly strong demand, such as Berlin– FlixTrain suspended operations by 1.9% to over 151 million. In ever before. Transport volume rose Munich, Berlin– am Main in mid-March. The Berlin- 2020, a sharp decline in patronage by 3.1% to 44.1 billion passenger and –Rhine/. New and the Cologne-Hamburg is expected due to the coronavirus kilometres. This was primarily ICE 4 trains gradually joined the services were its first routes pandemic. driven by the expansion of services, fleet, with more than 40 of them in to resume in late July. operation since the end of 2019. FlixTrain expanded its German long Rail set to return to growth: distance train network to 25 cities Looking ahead, in 2019 and planned a new Hamburg– will return to a path of growth. connection for 2020. Expanding long distance services is part of the DB corporate strat- Strong start to 2020: A total of egy, Strong Rail. The goal is to 23.7 million passengers used DB’s grow the number of long distance long distance trains in the first passengers to 260 million a year. two months of 2020. This was an To achieve this, DB Long Distance increase of 8.4% year on year. will progressively expand its An expansion of services with the vehicle fleet and train services. 2020 timetable change boosted demand, as did a reduction in VAT on long distance tickets as part of the German government’s climate package. 10 11 Passenger transport

Market shares in regional transport1 Regional and local rail (measured in train services ordered) in Germany in 2019/20 Deutsche Bahn Other railways

High competitive pressure in a (down 0.6% on 2018). However, the growing market: There is intense number of passengers rose by 1.7% competition for contracts in regional to 1,972 million. transport throughout . The market in Germany is set to grow 25 competitive tenders: Client further in the coming years. As part bodies concluded 25 contract award 33% 35% 36% of the German government’s climate procedures in 2019, encompassing protection policies, funding for re- around 88 million train kilometres gional and local transport services a year. DB Regio won 15 contracts 67% 65% 64% will increase by a total of EUR 5.2 (around 65% of the train kilometres billion between 2020 and 2031. awarded). Around 49% of the train 2017 2018 2019 2 The coronavirus pandemic has had kilometres newly awarded were a negative impact in 2020. already operated by DB Regio. This Sources: Federal Network Agency, DB by up to 90% during the lockdown. means that the company gained 1 Figures rounded; 2 estimated The local public transport asso­ Higher market share for competi- more train kilometres than it lost ciations expect revenue losses of tors: In 2019, DB Regio’s compe­ to competitors. around EUR 5 billion in regional titors further increased their share of key workers and enabling a rapid and local passenger transport in of the train kilometres provided in Ensuring mobility despite a slump increase in service levels after the 2020. They welcome the German regional and local rail passenger in demand: During the lockdown restrictions were relaxed. For a government’s one-off EUR 2.5 billion transport from 35% (2018) to an imposed in Spring 2020 to contain time, 90% fewer passengers were increase in funding for regional and estimated 36%. the coronavirus, transport companies travelling in rural areas, while local transport services and the continued to offer up to 75% of their numbers were down by 60% to confirmation that the federal states DB Regio increases patronage: regular service level despite declining 80% in cities. will also invest their own funds. At 41.6 billion, passenger kilometres passenger numbers. This meant that To implement the rescue package, at DB Regio in 2019 were slightly extensive public transport remained Rescue package for bus and rail the German government has notified below the previous year’s level available, ensuring the mobility services: Farebox revenues fell Brussels of a federal framework for 12 regional transport support. 13 Passenger transport Passenger transport European market of European railway companies. paths in . , RENFE The closure of borders between and FlixTrain planned to operate Rail passenger transport in 2019/20 EU countries brought international in , and FlixTrain had passenger traffic to a virtual stand- also announced its entry into the still. At national level, traffic fell Swedish market for 2020. Higher transport volume in 2019: Coronavirus slows growth: The sharply as a result of the contain- ’s SBB (+5.8%), CD in scope and duration of the various ment measures taken by member Setting the right direction: The the Czech Republic (+5.6%), France’s measures taken by EU member states and the recommendation that has re­ SNCF (+5.1%) and ’s PKP states to tackle the coronavirus people minimise use of public trans- affirmed its commitment to the (+5.0%) saw major growth in trans- pandemic have differed depending port. Data from the Community of Green Deal, which aims to make port volume in 2019. SNCF had on how much each country was European Railway and Infrastructure the EU climate neutral by 2050. lost ground due to strikes in 2018 affected. The measures have sig­ Companies (CER) shows a decline In order for the railways to play (-3.9%). nificantly disrupted the operations of more than 80% in some countries. their role in implementing the EU climate protection strategy, they Future performance: The extent must remain efficient and competi- to which European rail traffic will be tive. CER is calling for a flexible Performance of rail passenger transport in Europe in 2019 affected by the coronavirus pandemic approach to the rules on state aid (measured in transport volume, percentage change year on year) in 2020 as a whole will depend on in the rail sector so that compensa- + 5.8% + 5.6% how quickly the railways can return tion for corona­virus-related losses + 5.1% + 5.0% to normal operations and implement can be provided quickly. It has also

+ 3.3% planned market activities. Spain’s argued that measures to overcome RENFE, for example, had planned the economic crisis should support

+ 1.3% + 1.2% to expand its low-cost high-speed the climate-­friendly development rail offering under the brand of the transport system. CER is in 2020. Various rail companies championing investments in rail

1 Spain CD were preparing to enter the French infrastructure and digitalisation France DB Poland BelgiumSNCB PKP SNCF Germany RENFE and Spanish long distance markets. projects. These will benefit the rail- Switzerland SBB Czech Republic SNCF, Trenitalia, /Globalia and ways as well as European citizens, 1 DB excluding Sources: UIC, DB had requested train the economy and the climate.

14 15 Freight transport Freight transport German market in 2019/20

Freight transport increased only slightly in 2019, due to low economic growth. Its future performance will depend on how quickly the economy recovers from the declines caused by the pandemic.

Weak growth in 2019: With growth Rail freight traffic declines: In 2019, of 0.6% in 2019, the German eco­ the volume of rail freight fell by an nomy expanded more slowly than estimated 2.8%. This was mainly due in the preceding years (2018: 1.5%, to falling demand from industries 2017: 2.5%). Freight transport such as steel, chemicals and automo- performance rose by 0.4% to an tive manufacture, which make exten- estimated 698 billion tonne kilo­ sive use of rail freight services. In metres. The German economy addition, some traffic shifted back is expected to shrink by more than to inland waterway transport, which 6% in 2020, which will consider- had lost business to the railways in ably reduce demand for freight 2018 due to low river levels. In 2020, transport. For 2021, the German industrial production, and with it government is forecasting economic demand for transport, has collapsed growth of at least 5%. due to the coronavirus crisis. Initial estimates put the decline in rail transport volume for 2020 as a whole at around 12%.

16 17 Freight transport Freight transport

Railways safeguard supplies: In the advantages of the rail freight Spring 2020, the railways recorded system, which can combine large Modal split in 2019 One-off effect on inland water- growth in the transport of essential volumes of goods and transport (measured in transport volume) way traffic: In 2019, inland water- goods such as foodstuffs, packaging them with comparatively low ways recorded a considerable 7.3 2.5 and hygiene and medical products, manpower. One freight train can Inland navigation Pipelines increase in transport volume of including the supplies needed to transport as much as around 8.5% after the previous year’s make them. The crisis demonstrated 50 lorries can. 18.1 72.1 slump caused by low river levels. Road Rail However, this did not fully compensate for the decline seen in 2018 (transport volume down Performance on the German freight transport market 15.5%). Another double-digit (billion tonne kilometres, percentage change year on year) 0.4% % decline in volume sold is emerging in 2020 due to the coronavirus crisis. 0.4% 694.7 (e) 697.6 (e) Competition intensifies:In 2019, inland waterway transport 502.7 (e) increased its market share again 500.6 (e) Sources: Destatis, DB to 7.3% (2018: 6.8%); however, –2.8% this remained significantly below 8.5% Falling fuel prices bolster road the 2017 figure (8.0%). Rail’s 2.3% haulage: With estimated growth market share fell to 18.1% (2018: in transport volume of 0.4%, road 18.7%), while road haulage stag- 130.0 126.4 (e) haulage in 2019 remained roughly nated at 72.1%. The coronavirus 46.9 50.9 17.2 17.6 at the previous year’s level. In crisis is resulting in fiercer compe- 2020, further falls in fuel prices tition. Excess capacity and sharp 2018 20192 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 Rail1 Road3 Inland navigation Pipelines Total market4 due to the crisis will boost the falls in fuel prices are increasing competitiveness of road freight. pricing pressures. 1 Data revision by the German Federal Statistical Office, applied retroactively from 2016 The estimated decline in transport 2 provisional; 3 provisional, estimated (e); 4 provisional, estimated (e) volume is around 10% and is there- Sources: Destatis, DB fore smaller for road than for rail. 18 19 Freight transport Freight transport Rail freight transport Pressure from intramodal compe- Climate targets require a shift to tition remains high: DB’s compe­ rail: In order to avoid a shift back in Germany in 2019/20 titors sold an estimated 70.5 billion to road transport as the economy tonne kilometres in 2019 (2018: recovers, the industry associations 71.4 billion tonne kilometres). are calling for economic measures Falling demand for transport: Performance by freight operating companies They expanded their market share and assistance to overcome corona­ The volume sold by rail freight (transport volume in billion tonne by 0.9 percentage points to 55.8% virus-related losses. They want kilometres) com­panies in Germany fell by 2.8% (2018: 54.9%). these policies to help to expand in 2019. Weaker economic growth Deutsche Bahn climate-friendly rail’s share of the reduced the demand for transport Competitors Industry associations call for German freight transport market in cyclical sectors such as steel and % Competitors’ market share stabilisation package: During the towards the 25% target set by automotive manufacture. Transport crisis, freight operators have con­ government. Compared with road volume declined at both DB and tinued to run transport services haulage, rail freight reduces green- non-DB rail companies. despite underused capacity and house gas emissions by 80% per high fixed costs, thereby helping to tonne kilometre. Without such a 55.8% Major losses in 2020: In addition guarantee vital supplies. To ensure modal shift, it will not be possible to the industrial recession, which 2019 55.8 70.5 these businesses remain viable, to meet the reduction targets for has continued beyond late 2019 industry associations are calling for transport emissions. 54.9% and early 2020, coronavirus-related action to stabilise freight companies’ production stoppages in industry, 2018 58.6 71.4 economic position. Such measures declining fuel demand and a drop in include expanding reductions in 52.5% traffic at seaports led to a slump in access charges and moving rail transport services from March 2017 62.3 68.9 swiftly to introduce reductions in 2020 onwards. Growth in transport facility charges. To enable railways of essential goods was not high to compete with road haulage, Sources: Destatis, DB enough to compensate for the falls which is benefiting from much lower in other areas. For 2020 as a whole, fuel prices, the industry associa- a double-digit decline in transport tions are calling on government to volume is expected at rail freight reduce the burden from electricity companies. tax, renewable energy reallocation charges and emissions trading. 20 21 Freight transport Freight transport European market Rail freight transport in 2019/20

Transport volume declines: The predominantly due to a catch-up volume sold in European rail freight effect following extensive industrial fell by 3.2% in 2019. The main action in 2018. causes were the weak performance of industries that make extensive Performance in 2020: The spread use of rail freight services (steel, of the coronavirus around the chemicals, automotive manufacture) world has led to a global slump and the continuing decline in coal in production and demand, which . is affecting every transport and logistics market. In its spring fore- Losses at most European freight cast, the European Commission operators: The majority of rail expects the EU economy to shrink freight operating companies experi- by 7.5% in 2020 and to grow by enced falls in transport volume in 6% in 2021. These economic 2019. Poland’s PKP (down fortunes will determine how freight 14.4%) and CD Cargo in the Czech transport performance fares. Republic (down 10.9%) saw particu- larly marked declines. After high Crisis demonstrates advantages growth rates in previous years, the of rail: The railways are capable economic slowdown and reduced of transporting large volumes of coal traffic had a major impact here. freight over long distances with At DB Cargo, the decline of 3.7% little manpower. Unlike road haul- in 2019 was less severe than the age, international rail freight did previous year’s fall of 4.8%. France’s not face major restrictions or Fret SNCF increased its transport congestion during the period of volume by 7.0% in 2019. This was border closures. 22 23 Freight transport

Climate protection remains a key shoulder their role in implementing challenge: Under the Green Deal, the EU’s strategy if transport-related emissions are to they can get through the crisis and be reduced by 90% by 2050 (com- invest in growth and innovation. pared with 1990 levels). This means shifting a considerable portion of Railways need support: Data from freight traffic within the EU, 75% of the Community of European Railway which is currently carried by road, and Infrastructure Companies (CER) onto the rail network and inland shows that European rail freight waterways. The railways can only operating companies lost an average

Performance by selected freight operating companies in Europe in 2019¹ (measured in transport volume, percentage change year on year)

of 25% of their freight volumes traffic management and train and revenues in the space of two control system on the European months during the current crisis. freight corridors, and the CER is calling for the swift creation Europe-wide migration to a of a European stabilisation fund digital automatic coupling (DAC) +7.0% and a reduction in track access and system, have the potential to facility charges. It also wants to see make railways much more com­ Czech Republic Germany Spain Switzerland Poland CD Cargo DB Cargo RENFE SBB Cargo PKP Cargo Rail Cargo Group less distortion of competition, for petitive. DAC can reduce costs example in taxation and the alloca- and transport time and enable –1.9% tion of external costs, and faster the efficient digitalisation of France –3.7% –3.7% –5.7% expansion of infrastructure. rail transport. Common European Fret SNCF –10.9% frameworks and financial incen- –14.4% Seizing digital opportunities: The tives will be critical to rapid introduction of the ERTMS/ETCS migration. 1 Figures as of: May 2020 Sources: Eurostat, UIC, companies 24 25 Infrastructure Infrastructure Use of the rail network in Germany in 2019/20

There was further growth in the DB network’s operating performance in 2019. Non-DB-Group rail companies accounted for a third of the total volume. Demand for train paths has fallen in 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic.

Higher demand for train paths in 2019: Operating performance on DB’s rail network rose by 0.5% in 2019 to 1,090 million train-path kilometres (2018: 1,085 million train-path kilometres). The growth was mainly due to increased demand for train paths in long distance transport and additional orders in regional transport.

Non-DB rail companies continue growth: The share of operating performance attributable to non- DB-Group rail companies on DB’s network climbed to 33.8% in 2019 (2018: 32.2%). DB’s competitors requested a total of 368.2 million 26 27 Infrastructure

train-path kilometres. This was 5.4% Operating performance on the DB network more than in the previous year. (million train-path kilometres)

Demand from DB companies fell by Total 1.9% to 722.1 million train-path Non-DB-Group railways kilometres. + 0.5%

Strong competition: The continued 1,085 1,090 growth in competition on the rail- way is clear from the number of 800 applications for train paths by non- DB companies for the 2020 working + 5.4% timetable. Their share has risen to 400 over 39% in regional transport and 349 368 over 37% in freight transport. 0 2018 2019 Train path cancellations during the coronavirus crisis: As a result Source: DB of the crisis, client bodies and trans- port companies have reduced the sion of long distance services and Record investment initiative: Modernisation push with Digital provision of passenger and freight reduced track access charges in DB and the German government Rail for Germany: The large-scale transport services. DB Netz waived freight transport. are investing EUR 12 billion in rollout of the European Train Control all fees for train path cancellations rail infrastructure in 2020 alone – System (ETCS), and the digitalisa- during the acute phase of lockdown DB Netz increases infrastructure more than ever before. DB Netz tion of signalling technology, are the (mid-March to early May). capacity: As part of DB’s Strong is using this funding to modern- basis for digitalising railway opera- Rail strategy, DB Netz will expand ise the rail network, including tions. The initial phase of Digital Rail Recovery this year: As the economy capacity by 30% (around 350 mil- stations and electrical power for Germany includes the Stuttgart recovers, demand for train paths will lion train-path kilometres) over the systems. Out of a total of 13,000 area, the Cologne– pick up again over the remainder coming years. This will create the construction measures started Rhine/Main high-speed line and the of 2020, bolstered by measures such infrastructure needed for rail to in 2020, fewer than 1% had to Scandinavian–Mediterranean trans- as increased funding for regional capture a larger share of the trans- be postponed or cancelled due European corridor. and local transport services, expan- port market. to the coronavirus. 28 29 Environment Environment

Rail’s contribution Climate-friendly rail (Greenhouse gas emissions [CO2e¹] in grams per person/tonne and kilometre in Germany²) to protecting the environment DB long distance <1³

German and European climate targets will Long distance bus 29 be unachievable unless traffic is shifted to rail on a massive scale. And the quieter trains DB regional 48 are, the more acceptance rail will enjoy as a and local climate-friendly means of transport. Car 147

Shift to rail cuts CO : With 2 Air 230 the Climate Action Plan 2050, the German government has 1 CO e: Total greenhouse DB rail freight 19 2 set the goal of reducing green- gases (carbon dioxide, methane house gas emissions in the and nitrous oxide); emissions from the supply and conversion transport sector by 40% to 42% Inland navigation 31 of energy sources are included from 1990 levels as a first step 2 Figures rounded to be achieved by 2030. A modal 3 Includes non-electrified Road haulage 112 shift to green rail can reduce CO journeys (<2%) 2 4 Includes all effects on the emissions by up to 10.5 million climate from air traffic tonnes a year. Sources: UBA 2019 (TREMOD 6.02 and 6.03, reference year 2018), rail: DB (reference year 2019) Climate-friendly rail: Today, no form of motorised transport is as climate friendly as the railway. A DB long distance train Adding a million new long distance journeys by car. Compared with

running on 100% green electricity passengers can reduce CO2 emis- lorries, rail freight transport emits practically no greenhouse sions by over 40,000 tonnes per generates 80% lower greenhouse gases, unlike cars or aircraft. year compared with the equivalent gas emissions. 30 31 Environment Environment

E-mobility by rail: No other mode Quiet freight traffic: By the end Green rail Quiet wagons of transport has electrified on the of 2020, DB’s entire freight wagon (share of green electricity in the traction In 2020, DB Cargo Deutschland will equip power network) more freight wagons with modern “whisper same scale as the railway. With more fleet in Germany will be fitted with brakes”. By the end of the year, the entire than 90% of its transport volume modern composite brake blocks active fleet will have been retrofitted. powered by electricity, rail accounts known as whisper brakes. This will 60% 2019 for the largest market share of mark the completion of the wagon That’s an impressive e-mobility in Germany. upgrade programme. Around 61,000 freight wagons 58,000 of the DB freight wagons High share of renewable energy: in service had been fitted with 100% 2038 No other means of mass transport whisper brakes by the end of 2019. can switch completely to renewable energy as quickly as rail. In 2019, Lineside measures reduce noise green electricity already made up levels: By the end of 2019, noise 60% of DB’s traction power. The abatement measures had been put next target is a share of 80% by in place along some 1,850 kilome- 2030, and green electricity is due tres of particularly noisy track. Retrofitting since 2013 to supply 100% of DB’s traction These involved lineside changes 100% power by 2038 at the latest. such as noise-protection barriers and sound-insulating windows 60,000 Noise control: By retrofitting freight in buildings near tracks. Noise 58,000 in 2019 wagons and implementing noise abatement along a total of 2,000 protection measures on railway kilometres of line will be com- 40,000 lines, we are fostering acceptance pleted by the end of 2020. among local residents for a modal 20,000 shift to rail. The aim is to halve Investment by DB Cargo: railway noise by 2020 for people EUR 200 million living along DB rail lines.

2014 2016 2018 2020 Source: DB 32 33 Transport performance data since 2014 at a glance Transport performance data since 2014 at a glance

Freight transport

Transport volume in Germany in billion tonne kilometres 2014 2015 2016 2017 20183 20194

Rail 112.6 116.6 128.95 131.2 130.0 126.4 (e)

Road 452.9 466.0 479.6 486.0 500.6 (e) 502.7 (e)

Inland navigation 59.1 55.3 54.3 55.5 46.9 50.9

Pipelines 17.5 17.7 18.8 18.2 17.2 17.6

Total market 642.1 655.6 681.0 694.4 694.7 (e) 697.6 (e) Passenger transport Sources: Destatis, DB Transport volume in Germany in billion passenger kilometres 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019¹ Infrastructure

Rail 91.0 91.7 94.2 95.5 98.2 100.2 Operating performance in Germany in million Public road transport 71.3 72.6 73.7 71.4 72.1 72.1 (e) train-path kilometres 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

2 Private motorised transport 935.0 945.7 965.2 935.7 934.8 943.2 (e) On the network 1,044 1,054 1,068 1,073 1,085 1,090

Air travel (domestic in Germany) 10.0 10.1 10.5 10.4 10.3 10.1 Of which non-DB-Group customers 261 290 322 331 349 368 Total market 1,107.2 1,120.2 1,143.5 1,112.9 1,115.4 1,125.7 Source: DB Sources: Destatis, DB 1 2019 data provisional, partly estimated (e) 2 Methodological changes by the Federal Statistical Office from 2017 3 Road and total market data for 2018 provisional, estimated (e) 4 Road, rail and total market data for 2019 provisional, partly estimated (e) 5 Data revision by the Federal Statistical Office, applied retroactively from 2016

34 35 Publishing details

Deutsche Bahn AG Image credits: Economic, Political and Deutsche Bahn AG/Christian Bedeschinski (page 4), Deutsche Bahn AG/ Regulatory Affairs Axel Hartmann (pages 6–7), Deutsche Bahn AG/Max Lautenschläger 2 (pages 9, 26–27, 29, 34), Deutsche Bahn AG/Oliver Lang (pages 10, 23, 10785 Berlin, Germany 25), Deutsche Bahn AG/Uwe Miethe (page 13), Deutsche Bahn AG/ Michael Neuhaus (page 16), Deutsche Bahn AG/Volker Emersleben No liability for errors or omissions. (pages 21, 34), Deutsche Bahn AG/Faruk Hosseini (page 30), Deutsche Last modified: June 2020 Bahn AG/Günther Bauer (page 34)