Distinction of the Television Broadcast Program in Indonesia During Ramadan [email protected] 1 Mahi M. Hikmat Abstract For Muslims, including Muslims in Indonesia, it is the most special month that changes the Indonesian people ways of life. The changes also predisposed Television broadcast programs in Indonesia. The research entitled “The Privileges of the Television Broadcast Program in Indonesia during Ramadan” is aimed at describing the existing Television programs broadcasted in Ramadhan month compared with those of Television programs broadcasted in other months. Through the description and comparison of Television broadcast programs, it is expected to identify the provileges of the Television broadcast program in Indonesia during Ramadan.This study employed Islamic and Juridical approaches referring to Islamic norms through formal law published by the Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPI) and the Regional Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPID). The method applied is descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques focusing on participative observations on Television broadcast programs.The results of the study indicate that there are several privileges of Television broadcasting programs during the month of Ramadan; KPI & KPID formatted the formal law specifically applied for Television broadcast programs during the month of Ramadan; those Ramadhan program privileges are documented in detail in the form of news, broadcasting, and advertisement. Keywords: broadcast, Ramadhan, Privileges, and Broadcasting. 1 Lecturer of Postgraduate Program of Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia 75 | Journal of Islamic Studies Vol.10 No.2 July – December 2019 Distinction of the Television Broadcast Program in Indonesia During Ramadan A. Introduction broadcasting Insitutions are rich; not only about Broadcasting is not a hollow world, but idealism concepts of broadcasting institutions, related to a story (Hikmat, 2018) As mandate but inhaling and ticking inspirational social facts, from Broadcasting Law No. 32 of 2002 that including the expantion of global capitalist broadcasting institutions has four functions: market. That reality also proves multidisciplinary information, education, healthy entertainment, thesis of Communication Science; who always control and social glue, encouraged broadcasting unity; closely related to other disciplines are institutions as other mass media; has extensive involved in various forms of study. and reciprocal accessibility. One side of As part of mass communication applied, broadcasting institution can choose broadcast broadcast content cannot stand in its own content, disseminate it, even affects a lot of territory, but also wandering along endless audience, so, both of cognitive, affective, and servings. Every social fact always be an inspiration even conative to audience patterned on framing. to big birth masterpiece of broadcasting people. But on the other hand, audience can give an Especially that social facts related to lives of influence, both of directly or indirectly on many people; for instance the majority of Islamic broadcast content, thus, patterned broadcast issues will be a big inspiration to birth of varied content in broadcasting institutions following a broadcast content. market flow. Characteristic which best stand out from Thus, Armando (2016) points out that a mass media existences, such as television are strong relationship among broadcasting media, message effect delivered to communicant (mass). particularly private television in Indonesia enable Because their characters, television considered to accommodate and develop the expansion of big more give influence to audiences if compare the global capitalism market. Most international with other mass media. According to companies retaining the global capitalism system Poespodihardjo (2010) the characteristics of encounter several problems when they want to television will create a good effect when the expand the market in a particular country. worthy and moral messages are well conveyed. Television, compared to other medias, is On the contrary, it will be a great danger when considered the best means of influencing television broadcasts depraved and improper audiences for many reasons. First, television has a programs, such as violence and crime. stronger impact because it combines audio and Of mass media diverse (newspaper, visual elements as well. Second, television magazine, radio, television), According to Hikmat operates throughout everyday life and allows the (2011: 64) cannot ignored, that television which flow of abundant information which needs to be more stand out in message delivered to routinely supplied. That fact provides an audiences. With all conveniences, people with illustration that broadcast content on Journal of Islamic Studies Vol.10 No.2 July – December 2019 | 76 Distinction of the Television Broadcast Program in Indonesia During Ramadan not leave homes and relax together in their Great concern of KPI and KPID for both in family can enjoy diverse entertainmet, quickly the form of making additional rules in the form of information and satisfying (heard, seen, and red). circulars to broadcasters and appreciation as Television broadcast do not know boundaries of awards for those who broadcast decent contents land and sea, mountains, and valleys. Even, such as the Ramadan broadcasting program is country boundaries is not problem for television indeed special. How television broadcast program broadcast entry. on Ramadhan Month in Indonesian? These things Therefore, According to McLuhan (1999), which be macro questions and focus in this between other mass media mainstream todays, study. television more give a big effect to public. Mass B. STUDY METHOD media effect to communicant/audience are This study used qualitative approach. cognitive effect, emotional effect, and Lexy J. Moleong (2004:6) define that qualitative conative/behavioral effect. These three research as research mentioned to understanding component later create a system called mass phenomenon about what experienced by behavior. research subject, such behavior, perception, motivation, act, and others, as holistic, and with Indonesian is country which population description ways in kind of words and language, moeslim majority. For moeslim, Ramadhan are on spesifict natural content and by utilizing month of goodness and blessing, all charities are various natural methods. multiplied. Ramadhan is lord guest, hence, all of preparation doing to celebrate. This is special Methods used are qualitative descriptive month which comes only once a year (Azzet dan method. Descriptive research are research Safa, 2011). Ramadhan blessing persfective method which an illustration and interpretation positive by broadcasting institutions. More object according to what it is. Jalaludin Rakhmat television formatted broadcast program in frame (2002:22) said, descriptive method, are a method spirit of Ramadhan. All of strengthen fasting be which learning problems and procedures apllied broadcast program stand out and all things which in society, also certain situasion with research be “teaser” reduced avoidance of fasting value. purpose are phenomenon illustration in a fact Therefore, both of Indonesian Broadcasting systematic or certain population characteristic or Commision Center (KPI) or Indonesian certain filed in factual and carefully. Broadcasting Commision region, except make an Data collected from kind of words, appeal to protect public from "teaser" broadcast picture, and not nominal, thus, research report of Fasting, also gave an appreciation on television will citation of data to provide illustrations in which provided a friendly program for Ramadhan. these presentation report. Based on reality, (Hikmat, 2019) qualitative method contain subjective persfective that reality (communication) always double, 77 | Journal of Islamic Studies Vol.10 No.2 July – December 2019 Distinction of the Television Broadcast Program in Indonesia During Ramadan complicated, pseudo, dynamic (will changes), audience member simultaneously, and are constructed, and holistic; truth of reality is transient in character; the communicator tends relative (Mulyana, 2001:147). to be or to operate within a complex Some technique of collecting data done organization that may involve great expense. in this study, that is documentation study done Littlejohn (1996:324) provides the in documents relate to legislation about definition of mass communication is the process Broadcasting which gave duties substance and whereby media organization produce and obligations on existences of KPI/KPID as transmit messages to large publics and the supervisor independent broadcasting institution; process by which those messages are sought, observation done broadcast program usesd, understood, and influenced by audiences. presentation by television as long as month of Joseph Devito (1978) in Communicology: Ramadhan; internet searching done for added An introduction to the study of communication references, either documentation study result nor define, observation result on thing relate to implementation level of Ramadhan broadcast First, mass communication is program in television; Focus Group Discussion communication addressed to masses, to an done between researcher and certain expert in extremely large audience. This does not mean field itself. that the audience includes all people or everyone who reads or everyone who watches C. LITERATURE REVIEW