JSEALS Special Publication No. 2 PaPers from the Chulalongkorn InternatIonal student symPosIum on southeast asIan LinguIstics 2017 Edited by: Pittayawat Pittayaporn Sujinat Jitwiriyanont Pavadee Saisuwan Bhimbasistha Tejarajanya 1 © 2018 University of Hawai’i Press All rights reserved OPEN ACCESS – Semiannual with periodic special publications E-ISSN: 1836-6821 http://hdl.handle.net/10524/52429 Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. JSEALS publishes fully open access content, which means that all articles are available on the internet to all users immediately upon publication. Non-commercial use and distribution in any medium is permitted, provided the author and the journal are properly credited. Cover photo courtesy of Pasuree Luesakul. i JournalJSEALS of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society Editor-in-Chief Mark Alves (Montgomery College, USA) Managing Editors Nathan Hill (University of London, SOAS, UK) Sigrid Lew (Payap University, Thailand) Paul Sidwell (Australia National University, Australia) Editorial Advisory Committee Marc BRUNELLE (University of Ottawa, Canada) Kamil DEEN (University of Hawaii, USA) Gerard DIFFLOTH (Cambodia) Rikker DOCKUM (Yale University, USA) San San HNIN TUN (INCALCO, France) Kitima INDRAMBARYA (Kasetsart University, Thailand) Peter JENKS (UC Berkeley, USA) Mathias JENNY (University of Zurich, Switzerland) Daniel KAUFMAN (Queens College, City University of New York & Endangered Language Alliance, USA) James KIRBY (University of Edinburgh, Scotland) Hsiu-chuan LIAO (National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan) Bradley MCDONNELL (University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, USA) Alexis MICHAUD (CNRS (Le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), France) Marc MIYAKE (The British Museum) David MORTENSEN (Carnegie Mellon University, USA) Peter NORQUEST (University of Arizona, USA) John D. PHAN (Columbia University, USA) Pittayawat PITTAYAPORN (Chulalongkorn University, Thailand) Amara PRASITHRATHSINT (Professor Emeritus of Linguistics, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand) Alexander D. SMITH (University of North Texas) Joseph (Deth) THACH (Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales, France) Alice VITTRANT (Aix-Marseille Université / CNRS-DDL, France) The Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society publishes articles on a wide range of linguistic topics of the languages and language families of Southeast Asia and surrounding areas. JSEALS has been hosted by the UH Press since the beginning of 2017. ii CONTENTS Introduction from the Volume Editors v About the Editors and Contributors vi Statement from the JSEALS Editor-in-Chief vii Papers Vectors in Meiteilon Compound Verbs Potsangbam Chaobimeena 1-9 Origins and Polyfunctionality of Anticipative Expressions: Evidence from Austronesian Taiwan Yi-Yang Cheng 10-20 Secondary Verbs in Pa-O: A Preliminary Study Alys Boote Cooper 21-31 The Association of Foreground and Background Information with Verb Stem Alternation in Sizang Chin Tyler Davis 32-41 The Adjectives in Meiteilon: The Case of So Called Adjective ‘ ’ Maibam Somobala Devi 42-50 mǝča The Polyfunctional Focus Particle Pun in Penang Hokkien: A Contact Perspective Jia Wen Hing 51-58 A Comparison of Grammaticalization in Shan and Thai Daniel P. Loss 59-67 Compound Stress in Thai and Effect of Compositionality Lena Maluleem 68-77 Length Contrast in the Sukhothai Vowel System Sireemas Maspong 78-89 Serial Verb Constructions in Indonesian: An HPSG Analysis and Its Computational Implementation David Moeljadi and Viola Ow 90-101 iii Internally Headed Relative Clauses in Shan Mary Moroney 102-112 Documenting a Fuzzy Tone System: The Case of Muklom Tangsa Mijke Mulder 113-123 The Kachin as participants of an Ethno-Linguistic Area? André Müller 124-135 Anne Nguyen 136-144 Unifying Correction and Skepticism in Vietnamese Cơ On the Functional Extension of the Thai Form into the Interrogative Marker Noppadon Nuntasukasame, Kachen Tansiri, and Natchanan Natpratan 145-156 Jaŋ Tense, Aspect, and related Markers in Lungmi Rawang Rachel Powelson 157-166 Verbal Agreement in Nocte Syed Iftiqar Rahman 167-176 The Acquisition of Thai Classifiers: Order and Strategies Phetprapa Sangkharam and Kitima Indrambarya 177-185 Stress and Tonal Prominence in Chaoyang Suki S.Y. Yiu 186-194 iv INTRODUCTION FROM THE VOLUME EDITORS Southeast Asian Linguistics is an enchanting field of study due not only to the intriguing diversity of the region but also to the diverse yet congenial network of devoted linguists. For our field to continue growing as an inclusive community with a vibrant academic atmosphere, it is vital to create an environment that promotes academic exchanges among young scholars working on Southeast Asian languages and linguistics. Entitled “Papers from the Chulalongkorn International Student Symposium on Southeast Asian Linguistics,” JSEALS Special Publication No. 2 is a concrete contribution of the first international student conference devoted to the linguistic study of Southeast Asia. The Chulalongkorn International Student Symposium on Southeast Asian Linguistics (CU- ISSSEAL), which took place during July 8-9, 2017 in Bangkok, Thailand, was organized by the Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Arts, Chulalongkorn University in cooperation with Cornell University, University of Sydney, and Nanyang Technological University. Since its foundation, the linguistics department at Chulalongkorn has been recognized as an important center for Southeast Asian linguistics. Our faculty and students have been actively engaged in research on diverse aspects of Southeast Asian languages. As part of the celebration of Chulalongkorn University’s and the Faculty of Arts’ centenary, the symposium coincided with the “Chulalongkorn Summer School of Southeast Asian Linguistics 2017” and the lecture series “Past, Present, and Future of Southeast Asian Linguistics.” The symposium in particular was designed to serve as a forum for students working on Southeast Asian linguistics from universities around the world. After a screening process by a scientific committee that consists of distinguished faculty members from Chulalongkorn and the three partner universities, 41 out of over 100 abstracts were selected. Attended by over 100 people, the symposium featured 22 oral presentations and 19 poster presentations by 42 students from 25 institutions. “Papers from the Chulalongkorn International Student Symposium on Southeast Asian Linguistics” is a collection of 19 papers presented at the Chulalongkorn International Student Symposium on Southeast Asian Linguistics. All oral presenters were invited to submit manuscripts for publication in this special volume. All articles were assessed by two anonymous reviewers to ensure high quality. The panel of reviewers consists of a diverse set of linguists working on Southeast Asian languages from many institutions around the world. Although the articles that appear in this volume are student papers, they are all outstanding and reflects the authors’ high potential to become great linguists. Importantly, the number of promising young scholars that contributed to this volume suggests a very bright future for Southeast Asian linguistics as a field. As organizers of the symposium and editors of this special volume, we would like to thank our partner institutes Cornell University, University of Sydney, and Nanyang Technological University for their academic contribution to the symposium and to this special publication. We are profoundly grateful to all the reviewers whose feedback was all essential in making this volume possible. Furthermore, we would like to express our appreciation to Chula Global Network for their financial support in organizing the symposium and the making of this special volume. Last but not least, we would like to thank Mark Alves, JSEALS editor-in-chief, for his patience and guidance. Editors Pittayawat Pittayaporn (Chulalongkorn University) Sujinat Jitwiriyanont (Chulalongkorn University) Pavadee Saisuwan (Chulalongkorn University) Bhimbasistha Tejarajanya (Mahidol University) v The Editors PITTAYAWAT PITTAYAPORN ([email protected]) is an assistant professor of Linguistics at Chulalongkorn University. He received his PhD in Linguistics from Cornell University in 2009. His research comprises various theoretical issues in historical linguistics and phonology, including tonal change, language contact, and linguistic and population prehistory. He has investigated a variety of Kra- Dai, Austroasiatic, and Mainland Austronesian languages. SUJINAT JITWIRIYANONT ([email protected]) is a faculty member in the Department of Linguistics at the Faculty of Arts, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. He completed his PhD dissertation on tones and tonal coarticulation in Pa-O at the Chulalongkorn University in 2015. His research interests include acoustic phonetics and sociophonetic variation, especially for forensic applications. PAVADEE SAISUWAN ([email protected]) is a faculty member in the Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Arts, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. She received her PhD in Linguistics from Queen Mary University of London in 2016. Her research interests lie in the field of sociolinguistics, focusing on the relationship between language, gender and sexuality. BHIMBASISTHA TEJARAJANYA ([email protected]) is a researcher at the Faculty of Liberal Arts, Mahidol University, Thailand. He received his PhD in Linguistics from Chulalongkorn University