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Å Slå Seg Ned - En Regional Analyse Av Tidligmesolittisk Lokalisering Med Utgangspunkt I Østfold

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Å Slå Seg Ned - En Regional Analyse Av Tidligmesolittisk Lokalisering Med Utgangspunkt I Østfold Å slå seg ned - en regional analyse av tidligmesolittisk lokalisering med utgangspunkt i Østfold Masteroppgave i Arkeologi, ved IAKH, UiO av Christian Westli ii Innholdsfortegnelse Anerkjennelser .....................................................................................................................vii 1.0 Innledning......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1Forskningens status. ...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Problemstilling ............................................................................................................. 3 1.3 Noen premisser: Begrepsbruk, faseinndeling og strandlinjedatering........................... 4 1.4 Oppgavens retning og struktur ..................................................................................... 6 2.0 Faghistorisk gjennomgang ............................................................................................... 7 2.1 Landskapsforskningen.................................................................................................. 7 2.2 Miljøet som utgangspunkt for tolkning...................................................................... 11 2.3 Overgang til neste kapittel.......................................................................................... 14 3.0 Prediktive modeller ........................................................................................................ 16 3.1 Modeller av regional art ............................................................................................. 16 3.2 Modeller av lokal art .................................................................................................. 18 3.3 Landskapets temporalitet............................................................................................ 19 3.4 Landskapsrom ............................................................................................................ 19 3.5 Bruk av prediktive modeller....................................................................................... 20 4.0 Undersøkelsen av feltområdet........................................................................................ 21 4.1 Bakgrunn for undersøkelsen....................................................................................... 21 4.2 Landskapet i feltområdet............................................................................................ 27 4.3 Undersøkelsens gang.................................................................................................. 28 4.4 Foreløpige resultater................................................................................................... 35 5.0 Resultater av undersøkelsen ........................................................................................... 37 5.1 Funnmaterialet............................................................................................................ 38 5.2 Funnsteder og relevante data...................................................................................... 45 5.3 Lokaliseringsfaktorer ................................................................................................. 56 5.4 Strandlinjedatering ..................................................................................................... 63 5.5 Oppsummering........................................................................................................... 68 6.0 Diskusjon og oppsummering.......................................................................................... 69 6.1 Landskapsbruk i preboreal tid.................................................................................... 70 6.2 Det tidligmesolittiske nærværet ................................................................................. 76 6.3 Oppsummering........................................................................................................... 80 6.4 Forslag til videre undersøkelser av Østfoldlandskapet .............................................. 81 Appendiks 1: Lokalitetstabeller ........................................................................................... 82 Appendiks 2: Resterende lokalitetsillustrasjoner ................................................................. 88 Appendiks 3: Prøvestikkskjema........................................................................................... 90 Litteraturliste ........................................................................................................................ 91 iii Liste over figurer Figur 1: Norge med plassering av Østfold fylke........................................................................ 4 Figur 2: Modell av bosetningsmønster ved Halsskovfjorden, Danmark.................................. 17 Figur 3: Skisse av Vest-Sjællands kystbebyggelse i kongemose- og ertebølletid. .................. 19 Figur 4: Indre Østfold med kommunegrenser og undersøkelsesområde.................................. 22 Figur 5: Nord Europa i senglasial og tidlig postglasial tid....................................................... 24 Figur 6: Landskapet i Indre Østfold i preboreal tid.................................................................. 25 Figur 7: Lokalitetene på Høgnipen........................................................................................... 29 Figur 8: Topografiske faktorer ................................................................................................. 31 Figur 9: Lokaliteter og undersøkte steder ................................................................................ 36 Figur 10: Dorsalside og profil av flekke .................................................................................. 39 Figur 11: Flekke med leppe...................................................................................................... 39 Figur 12: Mikrostikkel (ID1).................................................................................................... 41 Figur 13: Proksimalfragment av flekke (ID 2)......................................................................... 43 Figur 14: Flekke (ID3) ............................................................................................................. 43 Figur 15: Avslag (ID4)............................................................................................................. 43 Figur 16: Avslag (ID4)............................................................................................................. 44 Figur 17: Avslag (ID5)............................................................................................................. 44 Figur 18: Avslag (ID6)............................................................................................................. 45 Figur 19: Skraper (ID7)............................................................................................................ 45 Figur 20: Mulig skraper (ID8).................................................................................................. 45 Figur 21: Brennåsen 6 .............................................................................................................. 47 Figur 22: Gruveåsen 1. ............................................................................................................. 48 Figur 23: Hosten Søndre. ......................................................................................................... 49 Figur 24: Høgeholtet 2. ............................................................................................................ 50 Figur 25: Sameiga 4 ................................................................................................................. 51 Figur 26: Høgeholtet 1 ............................................................................................................. 52 Figur 27: Grasåsen 1 ................................................................................................................ 53 Figur 28: Grasåsen 2. ............................................................................................................... 54 Figur 29: Utsikt fra lokaliteter.................................................................................................. 59 Figur 30: Havneforhold på lokaliteter...................................................................................... 60 Figur 31 Ly på lokaliteter......................................................................................................... 61 Figur 32: Nærhet til landskapsrom........................................................................................... 62 Figur 33: Dateringer av lokaliteter........................................................................................... 66 Figur 34: Dateringer for steder uten funn................................................................................. 67 Figur 35: Lokaliteter og steder uten funn i Østfold.................................................................. 74 Figur 36: Landskapet med et havnivå på 120 m o.h. ............................................................... 76 Figur 37: Gruveåsen 2 .............................................................................................................. 88 Figur 38: Kampenes ................................................................................................................. 89 Figur 39:
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