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Transnational Model Form of Socially Useful Use of Historic Ruins

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Transnational Model Form of Socially Useful Use of Historic Ruins Institutions participating in the elaboration of the publication: Lublin University of Technology (Poland) Matej Bel University (Slovakia) The Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of The Czech Academy of Sciences (Czech Republic) Polish National Committee of The International Council on Monuments and Sites Icomos (Poland) City of Zadar (Croatia) Links Foundation – Leading Innovation and Knowledge for Society (Italy) Italian Association for The Council of Municipalities and Regions of Europe (Italy) Venetian Cluster (Italy) Municipality of Velenje (Slovenia) Zadar County Development Agency Zadra Nova (Croatia) Team of authors: Bugosław Szmygin (project coordinator) Maciej Trochonowicz Miloš Drdácký Alenka Rednjak Bartosz Szostak Jakub Novotný Marija Brložnik Andrzej Siwek Patrizia Borlizzi Rudi Vuzem Anna Fortuna-Marek Antonino Frenda Marko Vučina Beata Klimek Silvia Soldano Jernej Korelc Katarzyna Drobek Marco Valle Darja Plaznik Ivan Murin Raffaella Lioce Danijela Brišnik Dagmara Majerová Dario Bertocchi Breda Krajnc Jana Jaďuďová Camilla Ferri Urška Todorovska-Šmajdek Iveta Marková Daniele Sferra Milana Klemen Kamila Borseková Sergio Calò Lucija Čakš Orač Anna Vaňová Maurizio Malè Branka Gradišnik Dana Benčiková Eugenio Tamburrino Urška Gaberšek Ivan Souček Patricija Halilović Krasanka Majer Jurišić Martin Miňo Rok Poles Boris Mostarčić Jiří Bláha Marija Ževart Iva Papić Dita Machová Helena Knez Wei Zhang Drago Martinšek Publication within project “RUINS: Sustainable re-use, preservation and modern management of historical ruins in Central Europe - elaboration of integrated model and guidelines based on the synthesis of the best European experiences”, supported by the Interreg CENTRAL EUROPE Pro- gramme funded under the European Regional Development Fund. TRANSNATIONAL MODEL FORM OF SOCIALLY USEFUL USE OF HISTORIC RUINS BEST PRACTICES HANDBOOK Transnational model form of socially useful use of historic ruins Best practices handbook Compiled by: Patrizia Borlizzi - Antonino Frenda - Silvia Soldano – Marco Valle Links Foundation – Leading Innovation & Knowledge for Society Linguistic correction: Maciej Doksa Graphic design: ASPEKT Lublin Publisher: Lublin Unviersity of Technology Printed by: DjaF Naświetlarnia B1+ Agnieszka Furyk ISBN: 978-83-7947-421-9 Politechnika Lubelska 2020 Table of Contents 1. Objectives of the publication ......................................................................... 7 2. Use and re-use of historical ruined sites ..........................................................10 2.1. Function of Cultural Heritage .................................................................10 2.2. Re-use of European ruins throughout the history ........................................12 2.3. Approaching ruin’s re-use project design ...................................................17 3. Guidelines for a socially useful re-use of Medieval Ruins ......................................19 3.1. Communities and Cultural Heritage ..........................................................19 3.2. Reference principles: Authenticity, Compatibility, Sustainability .....................23 3.3. The phase of knowledge. Understanding the value of the ruined site ................29 3.3.1. Historical knowledge .................................................................... 29 3.3.2. Topographic and architectural survey ................................................ 32 3.3.3. Diagnostics for Cultural Heritage ..................................................... 34 3.3.4. Regulatory framework .................................................................. 37 3.4. Decision-making process .......................................................................38 3.4.1. Territorial framework analysis ......................................................... 38 3.4.2. Role and participation of the stakeholders in the decision-making process .... 41 3.4.3. Involvement of local communities ..................................................... 43 3.4.4. Cost-benefit analysis and decision support systems ................................ 52 3.5. The re-use project ..............................................................................56 3.5.1. Conservation of the ruin in its authenticity, shape and mutilate image: St. Galgano Abbey (Chiusdino - Siena, Tuscany) .......................................... 63 3.5.2. Conservation and restoration of the ruins with enhancement through by an on-site museum: Villa romana del Casale (Piazza Armerina - Enna, Sicily) ... 65 3.5.3. Reintegration of the image with contemporary design ............................ 69 3.5.4. Multimedia and technologies for the virtual and immersive use of the ruins ... 87 3.6. Management plan ................................................................................92 3.6.1. Maintenance plan ......................................................................... 92 3.6.2. Tourist Destination Management Plan and assessment of the Tourism Carrying Capacity of the site ................................................................ 96 3.6.3. The management system ...............................................................101 3.6.4. Financial plan ............................................................................112 3.6.5. Marketing and communication plan .................................................114 3.6.6. Risk assessment .........................................................................126 4. Good and bad practices: case-studies ........................................................... 134 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................... 171 Disclaimer The authors are responsible for the choice and presentation of the facts contained in this pub- lication and for the opinions expressed therein. 1. Objectives of the publication This handbook, focused on the theme of sustainable and socially useful “use and re-use” of medieval ruins, is the main output of WPT2, whose aim is finding the balance between the needs of stakeholders and public expectations concerning use of medieval ruins and preservation of au- thenticity and historical value of medieval ruins (as historical monuments). It supplies an operational tool useful to guide owners and managers of the thousands of medi- eval ruins around Europe toward a sustainable re-use, preservation and modern management of historical ruins. Theoretical and practical models are provided on the themes of architectural and archaeolog- ical restoration, projects of contemporary reuse, management of cultural heritage, with a wide presentation of case-studies referring to the European context. Users have the opportunity to deepen their knowledge of the most current approaches to con- servation, sustainable use and management of the ruins, which represent, throughout Europe, a heritage of inestimable historical-cultural value but extremely fragile, for which the professional must know how to relate correctly not to compromise its authenticity. In the last half century the European debate on the theme of the enhancement of cultural heritage has changed the point of view with which assets are perceived: no longer a legacy to be guarded and contemplated but a dynamic reality with an active role in the contemporary world. Table of Contents 7 The new approach to the heritage of The INTERREG CE project “RUINS. Sustainable the past has involved, in addition to the re-use, preservation and modern management restoration and architectural project, of historical ruins in Central Europe - elaboration also the artistic creations, determining of integrated model and guidelines based on the different balances in the relationship synthesis of the best European experiences” fo- between the new and the old. In order cuses on cultural development strategies and the to protect a medieval ruin, as well as participants are exchanging knowledge that is al- any historical artifact, it is necessary to ready being developed within a local and region- overcome the concept of the mere phys- al context and could be applied at a wider Euro- ical protection of the object to open up pean level. The project applies an empowering to a deep relationship with the past to bottom-up approach, in which local and regional put it in relationship with the present. stakeholders are actively engaged throughout the The reuse project has to be integral project’s duration. Due to the transnational char- part of the overall conservation activi- acter, the project contributes to thecreation of tes. The utility of ruined sites must be a common European identity, strengthening coop- considered before starting any resto- eration between international, national and local ration or enhancement works. If not, stakeholders both vertically and horizontally, and the risk is that the reuse project is use- promotion of exchanges between boundaries. less for community and probably not Project objective is to give “the second life” to sustainable. medieval ruins through modern management and Ruined sites are strongly linked to attributing contemporary, socially useful func- their socio-cultural context and rep- tions, while preserving historical value of these resent the identity and the memory of sites. The project aims to develop and dissemi- a place. Recognizing the value and im- nate transnational guidelines and integrated mod- portance of ruined sites helps us to think el of contemporary use, modern management and about a socially sustainable reuse that protection of medieval
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