DOCSLIB.ORG

Contents Humanities Notes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Contents Humanities Notes Humanities Notes Humanities Seminar Notes - this draft dated 24 May 2021 - more recent drafts will be found online Contents 1 2007 11 1.1 October . 11 1.1.1 Thucydides (2007-10-01 12:29) ........................ 11 1.1.2 Aristotle’s Politics (2007-10-16 14:36) ..................... 11 1.2 November . 12 1.2.1 Polybius (2007-11-03 09:23) .......................... 12 1.2.2 Cicero and Natural Rights (2007-11-05 14:30) . 12 1.2.3 Pliny and Trajan (2007-11-20 16:30) ...................... 12 1.2.4 Variety is the Spice of Life! (2007-11-21 14:27) . 12 1.2.5 Marcus - or Not (2007-11-25 06:18) ...................... 13 1.2.6 Semitic? (2007-11-26 20:29) .......................... 13 1.2.7 The Empire’s Last Chance (2007-11-26 20:45) . 14 1.3 December . 15 1.3.1 The Effect of the Crusades on European Civilization (2007-12-04 12:21) 15 1.3.2 The Plague (2007-12-04 14:25) ......................... 15 2 2008 17 2.1 January . 17 2.1.1 The Greatest Goth (2008-01-06 19:39) .................... 17 2.1.2 Just Justinian (2008-01-06 19:59) ........................ 17 2.2 February . 18 2.2.1 How Faith Contributes to Society (2008-02-05 09:46) . 18 2.3 March . 18 2.3.1 Adam Smith - Then and Now (2008-03-03 20:04) . 18 2.3.2 William Blake and the Doors (2008-03-27 08:50) . 19 2.3.3 It Must Be True - I Saw It On The History Channel! (2008-03-27 09:33) . 20 2.3.4 Isaac Newton and Jesus? (2008-03-28 11:14) . 21 2.3.5 Rousseau’s Civil Religion (2008-03-28 14:32) . 22 2.4 April . 22 2.4.1 Reacting to the Industrial Revolution (2008-04-03 20:13) . 22 2.4.2 Adam Smith and William Blake (2008-04-03 20:26) . 23 2.4.3 A Radical Interpretaion of Martin Luther (2008-04-14 11:06) . 23 2.4.4 Was Martin Luther Anti-Semitic? (2008-04-22 17:56) . 24 2.5 May . 25 2.5.1 An Example of How a Simple Question Becomes Complex (2008-05-30 10:45) ................................ 25 2.6 July . 26 2.6.1 What Type of Liberalism? (2008-07-06 20:40) . 26 2.6.2 The War Between Athens and Sparta (2008-07-31 16:40) . 27 ©2021 humanities-notes.blogspot.com 3 BlogBook CONTENTS 2.7 September ......................................... 28 2.7.1 Gin and Tonic with Lime (2008-09-04 13:38) . 28 2.7.2 What Was Hammurabi Thinking? (2008-09-18 13:35) . 28 2.8 October ........................................... 29 2.8.1 Which Darius? (2008-10-07 08:11) ....................... 29 2.8.2 Whom Can You Trust? (2008-10-13 12:32) . 30 2.9 November ......................................... 30 2.9.1 Tribal, But Not Simplistic (2008-11-04 07:55) . 30 2.9.2 Moses and Martin Luther King, Jr. (2008-11-04 08:02) . 31 2.9.3 We Were Really Good, Weren’t We? (2008-11-04 08:06) . 31 2.9.4 Moses vs. Hammurabi (2008-11-04 08:13) . 32 2.9.5 Like a Hot Potato! (2008-11-18 07:59) .................... 32 2.10December .......................................... 34 2.10.1 Muhammad the Raider (2008-12-04 14:01) . 34 2.10.2 The Battle of Badr (2008-12-04 14:46) .................... 34 2.10.3 The Net Effect of Government (2008-12-23 09:03) . 35 2.10.4 Too Simple (2008-12-23 09:31) ......................... 36 2.10.5 Did He, or Didn’t He? (2008-12-29 16:04) . 36 3 2009 39 3.1 January ........................................... 39 3.1.1 The Jewish Lutheran and the Atheistic Nazi (2009-01-02 09:27) . 39 3.1.2 CSI: Chaucer (2009-01-13 07:41) ........................ 40 3.1.3 An Outsider Looks at Westen Civilization (2009-01-20 09:57) . 40 3.1.4 What Puzzled Pliny (2009-01-22 11:26) .................... 44 3.1.5 The Invasion of Spain (2009-01-24 12:01) . 44 3.1.6 Population and Economy (2009-01-26 15:44) . 45 3.2 February .......................................... 46 3.2.1 Rousseau’s Religion (2009-02-07 19:38) ................... 46 3.2.2 No Hating Allowed! (2009-02-28 18:02) .................... 46 3.3 March ............................................ 47 3.3.1 The Complex Mr. Newton (2009-03-04 22:02) . 47 3.3.2 Father Copernicus, the Roman Catholic Priest (2009-03-11 12:03) . 48 3.3.3 Delacroix’s Paintings (2009-03-14 11:16) ................... 48 3.3.4 Islamic Armies Attack Italy (2009-03-23 07:55) . 49 3.3.5 Study That Language! (2009-03-26 09:29) . 50 3.4 April ............................................. 50 3.4.1 No Time for Shakespeare? (2009-04-21 07:27) . 50 3.5 May ............................................. 51 3.5.1 February 12, 1809 (2009-05-07 08:51) .................... 51 3.5.2 Crime and Punishment - and Nietzsche? (2009-05-07 09:09) . 51 3.5.3 J.M. Keynes and Your Wallet (2009-05-18 06:23) . 52 3.5.4 Economics, Religion, and Nationalism (2009-05-27 10:42) . 53 3.5.5 Random Reformation Thoughts (2009-05-27 16:27) . 53 3.6 July .............................................. 55 3.6.1 Do Historians Make Good Politicians? (2009-07-10 16:56) . 55 3.7 August ............................................ 56 3.7.1 Metternich Changes Things! (2009-08-14 16:41) . 56 3.7.2 The Revolutionary Mr. Burke (2009-08-15 18:55) . 57 3.7.3 Legitimacy and Balance (2009-08-15 19:25) . 59 4 ©2021 humanities-notes.blogspot.com CONTENTS BlogBook 3.7.4 Play-By-Play at the Congress (2009-08-16 06:07) . 61 3.8 September ......................................... 64 3.8.1 On Being Human (2009-09-12 12:10) ..................... 64 3.8.2 Dating Hammurabi? (2009-09-17 06:49) ................... 64 3.8.3 The BBC Discovers "Grim secrets of Pharaoh’s city" (2009-09-30 07:17) 65 3.9 October ........................................... 66 3.9.1 Will Obama Meet with the Dalai Lama? (2009-10-06 19:00) . 66 3.9.2 JFK Quotes Thucydides (2009-10-08 14:13) . 67 3.9.3 Politics and Human Nature (2009-10-16 07:47) . 67 3.10December .......................................... 68 3.10.1 Ancient Wisdom in Tomorrow’s Newspaper (2009-12-25 10:13) . 68 3.10.2 The Quick Trip from Freedom to Slavery (2009-12-25 10:35) . 69 3.10.3 The Hun and the Pope (2009-12-26 10:34) . 70 3.10.4 Diplomatic Complexities at Vienna (2009-12-27 09:26) . 73 4 2010 77 4.1 January ........................................... 77 4.1.1 Peace Corps Memories (2010-01-31 18:26) . 77 4.2 February .......................................... 77 4.2.1 Lessons from Haiti’s Earthquake (2010-02-02 15:01) . 77 4.2.2 Important Distinction (2010-02-18 12:32) . 78 4.2.3 Who is Tamerlane, and Why Should we Care? (2010-02-19 07:49) . 79 4.2.4 Intolerance (2010-02-19 08:40) ........................ 79 4.2.5 Two Concepts of Society (2010-02-24 15:08) . 81 4.3 March ............................................ 81 4.3.1 Voltaire’s Warning (2010-03-02 08:47) .................... 81 4.3.2 The Senate Begins (2010-03-04 10:19) .................... 83 4.3.3 Re-Thinking the Anglican Reformation (2010-03-10 12:37) . 84 4.3.4 Arguments about Atheism in France (2010-03-12 12:36) . 85 4.3.5 The Invisible Hand (2010-03-23 05:57) .................... 86 4.3.6 Blake and History (2010-03-23 08:48) ..................... 87 4.4 April ............................................. 88 4.4.1 The Uses of History (2010-04-13 11:26) .................... 88 4.4.2 Locke’s Rational Foundation (2010-04-23 07:07) . 89 4.5 May ............................................. 91 4.5.1 Are We Evil? (2010-05-05 07:46) ........................ 91 4.5.2 The American Dream - Still Alive? (2010-05-17 16:52) . 92 4.5.3 Reformation Recap (2010-05-20 07:57) .................... 93 4.6 June ............................................. 97 4.6.1 A Turning Point (2010-06-01 13:10) ...................... 97 4.6.2 Getting Valuable Things from the Past (2010-06-01 13:18) . 97 4.6.3 Rome Gets Stupid (2010-06-11 14:24) .................... 98 4.6.4 Schools During the Industrial Revolution (2010-06-14 08:18) . 98 4.6.5 Social Behavior in the Plague (2010-06-14 08:58) . 98 4.6.6 Women Move Forward Through History (2010-06-14 13:22) . 99 4.7 August ............................................ 100 4.7.1 The History of Hygiene (2010-08-08 09:38) . 100 4.7.2 Bossuet (2010-08-23 06:21) . 101 4.7.3 Religion in France during the French Revolution (2010-08-23 06:35) . 101 4.8 September ......................................... 103 ©2021 humanities-notes.blogspot.com 5 BlogBook CONTENTS 4.8.1 The Turning Point (2010-09-09 07:11) . 103 4.8.2 Afghanistan’s History (2010-09-17 10:32) . 103 4.8.3 Augustine in Context (2010-09-21 09:27) . 105 4.9 October ........................................... 106 4.9.1 Augustine - the Basics (2010-10-06 12:32) . 106 4.9.2 Fueling the Growth of Christianity (2010-10-06 12:44) . 107 4.9.3 Playing Defense (2010-10-11 10:41) . 107 4.9.4 Augustine and the Search for Truth (2010-10-11 10:44) . 108 4.9.5 Coming to America (2010-10-14 07:26) .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Utopian Promise
    Unit 3 UTOPIAN PROMISE Puritan and Quaker Utopian Visions 1620–1750 Authors and Works spiritual decline while at the same time reaffirming the community’s identity and promise? Featured in the Video: I How did the Puritans use typology to under- John Winthrop, “A Model of Christian Charity” (ser- stand and justify their experiences in the world? mon) and The Journal of John Winthrop (journal) I How did the image of America as a “vast and Mary Rowlandson, A Narrative of the Captivity and unpeopled country” shape European immigrants’ Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson (captivity attitudes and ideals? How did they deal with the fact narrative) that millions of Native Americans already inhabited William Penn, “Letter to the Lenni Lenapi Chiefs” the land that they had come over to claim? (letter) I How did the Puritans’ sense that they were liv- ing in the “end time” impact their culture? Why is Discussed in This Unit: apocalyptic imagery so prevalent in Puritan iconog- William Bradford, Of Plymouth Plantation (history) raphy and literature? Thomas Morton, New English Canaan (satire) I What is plain style? What values and beliefs Anne Bradstreet, poems influenced the development of this mode of expres- Edward Taylor, poems sion? Sarah Kemble Knight, The Private Journal of a I Why has the jeremiad remained a central com- Journey from Boston to New York (travel narra- ponent of the rhetoric of American public life? tive) I How do Puritan and Quaker texts work to form John Woolman, The Journal of John Woolman (jour- enduring myths about America’s
    [Show full text]
  • February 7, 2021
    VILLANOVA THEATRE PRESENTS STREAMING JANUARY 28 - FEBRUARY 7, 2021 About Villanova University Since 1842, Villanova University’s Augustinian Catholic intellectual tradition has been the cornerstone of an academic community in which students learn to think critically, act compassionately and succeed while serving others. There are more than 10,000 undergraduate, graduate and law students in the University’s six colleges – the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, the Villanova School of Business, the College of Engineering, the M. Louise Fitzpatrick College of Nursing, the College of Professional Studies and the Villanova University School of Law. As students grow intellectually, Villanova prepares them to become ethical leaders who create positive change everywhere life takes them. In Gratitude The faculty, staff and students of Villanova Theatre extend sincere gratitude to those generous benefactors who have established endowed funds in support of our efforts: Marianne M. and Charles P. Connolly Jr. ’70 Dorothy Ann and Bernard A. Coyne, Ph.D. ̓55 Patricia M. ’78 and Joseph C. Franzetti ’78 The Donald R. Kurz Family Peter J. Lavezzoli ’60 Patricia A. Maskinas Msgr. Joseph F. X. McCahon ’65 Mary Anne C. Morgan ̓70 and Family & Friends of Brian G. Morgan ̓67, ̓70 Anthony T. Ponturo ’74 Eric J. Schaeffer and Susan Trimble Schaeffer ’78 The Thomas and Tracey Gravina Foundation For information about how you can support the Theatre Department, please contact Heather Potts-Brown, Director of Annual Giving, at (610) 519-4583. gratefully acknowledges the generous support of our many patrons & subscribers. We wish to offer special thanks to our donors. 20-21 Benefactors A Running Friend William R.
    [Show full text]
  • Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism
    Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert Robert Fredona Working Paper 18-021 Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert Harvard Business School Robert Fredona Harvard Business School Working Paper 18-021 Copyright © 2017 by Sophus A. Reinert and Robert Fredona Working papers are in draft form. This working paper is distributed for purposes of comment and discussion only. It may not be reproduced without permission of the copyright holder. Copies of working papers are available from the author. Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert and Robert Fredona ABSTRACT: N.S.B. Gras, the father of Business History in the United States, argued that the era of mercantile capitalism was defined by the figure of the “sedentary merchant,” who managed his business from home, using correspondence and intermediaries, in contrast to the earlier “traveling merchant,” who accompanied his own goods to trade fairs. Taking this concept as its point of departure, this essay focuses on the predominantly Italian merchants who controlled the long‐distance East‐West trade of the Mediterranean during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Until the opening of the Atlantic trade, the Mediterranean was Europe’s most important commercial zone and its trade enriched European civilization and its merchants developed the most important premodern mercantile innovations, from maritime insurance contracts and partnership agreements to the bill of exchange and double‐entry bookkeeping. Emerging from literate and numerate cultures, these merchants left behind an abundance of records that allows us to understand how their companies, especially the largest of them, were organized and managed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Hospitals from Antiquity to the Renaissance
    Acta Theologica Supplementum 7 2005 THE EVOLUTION OF HOSPITALS FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE RENAISSANCE ABSTRACT There is some evidence that a kind of hospital already existed towards the end of the 2nd millennium BC in ancient Mesopotamia. In India the monastic system created by the Buddhist religion led to institutionalised health care facilities as early as the 5th century BC, and with the spread of Buddhism to the east, nursing facilities, the nature and function of which are not known to us, also appeared in Sri Lanka, China and South East Asia. One would expect to find the origin of the hospital in the modern sense of the word in Greece, the birthplace of rational medicine in the 4th century BC, but the Hippocratic doctors paid house-calls, and the temples of Asclepius were vi- sited for incubation sleep and magico-religious treatment. In Roman times the military and slave hospitals were built for a specialised group and not for the public, and were therefore not precursors of the modern hospital. It is to the Christians that one must turn for the origin of the modern hospital. Hospices, originally called xenodochia, ini- tially built to shelter pilgrims and messengers between various bishops, were under Christian control developed into hospitals in the modern sense of the word. In Rome itself, the first hospital was built in the 4th century AD by a wealthy penitent widow, Fabiola. In the early Middle Ages (6th to 10th century), under the influence of the Be- nedictine Order, an infirmary became an established part of every monastery.
    [Show full text]
  • Everyday Life: the Middle Ages
    Everyday Life: The Middle Ages Medieval Towns icture yourself and a friend walking happily down a street in a town of medieval times. Together you are discussing plans for the evening, and P neither of you has any idea of the catastrophe that is about to unfold. As you round a corner, you hear a shrill voice coming from the window of a house six stories above the street. The voice belongs to a lady issuing a warning that roughly translates into “look out below!” Before you can take evasive action, you are suddenly drenched with a bucket of gooey garbage. Your nose tells you it is a mixture of black pudding, beans, and the remains of eels the family on the sixth floor had for dinner. Do you angrily make your way up to the room from whence came the garbage and express your displeasure? Do you threaten to punch the lady’s husband in the nose? Of course not. You brush yourself off as best you can and go on your way. If anyone is to be scolded, it is you for not having jumped out of the way quickly enough. Garbage (and worse) being thrown into the street was a common practice in medieval towns. Even birth and rank held no privilege when it came to being hit with something unpleasant. No less a person than King Louis IX of France was himself doused with the contents of a chamber pot while strolling along a Paris street one fine day. In the absence of any kind of sanitation service, people did the natural thing and tossed their waste wherever it might fall.
    [Show full text]
  • Clios Psyche 6-3 Dec 1999
    Clio’s Psyche Understanding the "Why" of Culture, Current Events, History, and Society Volume 6, Number 3 December, 1999 Holocaust Consciousness, Novick’s Thesis, Comparative Genocide, and Victimization How Hollywood Hid the Holocaust Reflections on Through Obfuscation and Denial Competitive Victimhood Melvin Kalfus David R. Beisel Psychohistory Forum Research Associate SUNY-Rockland Community College In the decade following the Second World Review of Peter Novick, The Holocaust in American War and our initial confrontation with the Holo- Life. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1999. caust in all of its enormity, the motion picture in- ISBN 0395840090, 373 pp., $27. dustry continued to be dominated by “the Jews Peter Novick is a fine historian who has who invented Hollywood.” It was these Jews who written a fine, if flawed, study. In The Holocaust had created the myths that helped Americans cope in American Life he asks many of the right ques- with the enormous trauma of the Great Depression tions and offers some insightful answers. As I read (Continued on page 106) along, I found myself nodding in agreement at IN THIS ISSUE Life Is Beautiful Is Not a "Romantic Comedy"......... 114 Flora Hogman How Hollywood Hid the Holocaust: .............................89 “Vicitm Olympics”: The Collective Melvin Kalfus Psychology of Comparative Genocides................. 114 Ralph Seliger Reflections on Competitive Victimhood .................89 Review Essay by David R. Beisel Forgiveness and Transcendence............................ 116 Anie Kalayjian Response to David Beisel.....................................93 Peter Novick The Holocaust as Trope for "Managed" Social Change..................................... 119 The Memory of the Holocaust: Howard F. Stein A Psychological or Political Issue? .........................94 An Israeli Psychohistorian: Avner Falk ...............
    [Show full text]
  • “A Translation and Historical Commentary of Book One and Book Two of the Historia of Geōrgios Pachymerēs” 2004
    “A Translation and Historical Commentary of Book One and Book Two of the Historia of Geōrgios Pachymerēs” Nathan John Cassidy, BA(Hons) (Canterbury) This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Western Australia. School of Humanities Classics and Ancient History 2004 ii iii Abstract A summary of what a historical commentary should aim to do is provided by Gomme and Walbank in the introductions to their famous and magisterial commentaries on Thoukydidēs and Polybios. From Gomme: A historical commentary on an historian must necessarily derive from two sources, a proper understanding of his own words, and what we can learn from other authorities . To see what gaps there are in his narrative [and to] examine the means of filling these gaps. (A. Gomme A Historical Commentary on Thucydides vol. 1 (London, 1959) 1) And from Walbank: I have tried to give full references to other relevant ancient authorities, and where the text raises problems, to define these, even if they could not always be solved. Primarily my concern has been with whatever might help elucidate what Polybius thought and said, and only secondarily with the language in which he said it, and the question whether others subsequently said something identical or similar. (F. Walbank A Historical Commentary on Polybius vol. 1 (London, 1957) vii) Both scholars go on to stress the need for the commentator to stick with the points raised by the text and to avoid the temptation to turn the commentary into a rival narrative. These are the principles which I have endeavoured to follow in my Historical Commentary on Books One and Two of Pachymerēs’ Historia.
    [Show full text]
  • Phd 15.04.27 Versie 3
    Promotor Prof. dr. Jan Dumolyn Vakgroep Geschiedenis Decaan Prof. dr. Marc Boone Rector Prof. dr. Anne De Paepe Nederlandse vertaling: Een Spiegel voor de Sultan. Staatsideologie in de Vroeg Osmaanse Kronieken, 1300-1453 Kaftinformatie: Miniature of Sultan Orhan Gazi in conversation with the scholar Molla Alâeddin. In: the Şakayıku’n-Nu’mâniyye, by Taşköprülüzâde. Source: Topkapı Palace Museum, H1263, folio 12b. Faculteit Letteren & Wijsbegeerte Hilmi Kaçar A Mirror for the Sultan State Ideology in the Early Ottoman Chronicles, 1300- 1453 Proefschrift voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Doctor in de Geschiedenis 2015 Acknowledgements This PhD thesis is a dream come true for me. Ottoman history is not only the field of my research. It became a passion. I am indebted to Prof. Dr. Jan Dumolyn, my supervisor, who has given me the opportunity to take on this extremely interesting journey. And not only that. He has also given me moral support and methodological guidance throughout the whole process. The frequent meetings to discuss the thesis were at times somewhat like a wrestling match, but they have always been inspiring and stimulating. I also want to thank Prof. Dr. Suraiya Faroqhi and Prof. Dr. Jo Vansteenbergen, for their expert suggestions. My colleagues of the History Department have also been supportive by letting me share my ideas in development during research meetings at the department, lunches and visits to the pub. I would also like to sincerely thank the scholars who shared their ideas and expertise with me: Dimitris Kastritsis, Feridun Emecen, David Wrisley, Güneş Işıksel, Deborah Boucayannis, Kadir Dede, Kristof d’Hulster, Xavier Baecke and many others.
    [Show full text]
  • The Aristocratic Warlike Ethos of Indo-Europeans and the Primordial Origins of Western Civilization—Part Two Ricardo Duchesne [email protected]
    Comparative Civilizations Review Volume 61 Article 3 Number 61 Fall 2009 10-1-2009 The Aristocratic Warlike Ethos of Indo-Europeans and the Primordial Origins of Western Civilization—Part Two Ricardo Duchesne [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr Recommended Citation Duchesne, Ricardo (2009) "The Aristocratic Warlike Ethos of Indo-Europeans and the Primordial Origins of Western Civilization—Part Two," Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 61 : No. 61 , Article 3. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr/vol61/iss61/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the All Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Comparative Civilizations Review by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Duchesne: The Aristocratic Warlike Ethos of Indo-Europeans and the Primordi The Aristocratic Warlike Ethos of Indo-Europeans and the Primordial Origins of Western Civilization—Part Two1 Ricardo Duchesne [email protected] Western civilization has been the single most war-ridden, war- dominated, and militaristic civilization in all human history. Robert Nisbet [Mycenaean] society was not the society of a sacred city, but that of a military aristocracy. It is the heroic society of the Homeric epic, and in Homer's world there is no room for citizen or priest or merchant, but only for the knight and his retainers, for the nobles and the Zeus born kings, 'the sackers of cities.' Christopher Dawson [T]he Greek knows the artist only in personal struggle... What, for example, is of particular importance in Plato's dialogues is mostly the result of a contest with the art of orators, the Sophists, the dramatists of his time, invented for the purpose of his finally being able to say: 'Look: I, too, can do what my great rivals can do; yes, I can do it better than them.
    [Show full text]
  • From Small States to Universalism in the Pre-Islamic Near East
    REVOLUTIONIZING REVOLUTIONIZING Mark Altaweel and Andrea Squitieri and Andrea Mark Altaweel From Small States to Universalism in the Pre-Islamic Near East This book investigates the long-term continuity of large-scale states and empires, and its effect on the Near East’s social fabric, including the fundamental changes that occurred to major social institutions. Its geographical coverage spans, from east to west, modern- day Libya and Egypt to Central Asia, and from north to south, Anatolia to southern Arabia, incorporating modern-day Oman and Yemen. Its temporal coverage spans from the late eighth century BCE to the seventh century CE during the rise of Islam and collapse of the Sasanian Empire. The authors argue that the persistence of large states and empires starting in the eighth/ seventh centuries BCE, which continued for many centuries, led to new socio-political structures and institutions emerging in the Near East. The primary processes that enabled this emergence were large-scale and long-distance movements, or population migrations. These patterns of social developments are analysed under different aspects: settlement patterns, urban structure, material culture, trade, governance, language spread and religion, all pointing at population movement as the main catalyst for social change. This book’s argument Mark Altaweel is framed within a larger theoretical framework termed as ‘universalism’, a theory that explains WORLD A many of the social transformations that happened to societies in the Near East, starting from Andrea Squitieri the Neo-Assyrian period and continuing for centuries. Among other infl uences, the effects of these transformations are today manifested in modern languages, concepts of government, universal religions and monetized and globalized economies.
    [Show full text]
  • ARCL 0141 Mediterranean Prehistory
    INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY ARCL 0141 Mediterranean Prehistory 2019-20, Term 1 - 15 CREDITS Deadlines for coursework: 11th November 2019, 13th January 2020 Coordinator: Dr. Borja Legarra Herrero [email protected] Office 106, tel. (0) 20 7679 1539 Please see the last page of this document for important information about submission and marking procedures, or links to the relevant webpages 1 OVERVIEW Introduction This course reunites the study and analysis of prehistoric societies around the Mediterranean basin into a coherent if diverse exploration. It takes a long-term perspective, ranging from the first modern human occupation in the region to the start of the 1st millennium BCE, and a broad spatial approach, searching for the overall trends and conditions that underlie local phenomena. Opening topics include the glacial Mediterranean and origins of seafaring, early Holocene Levantine-European farming, and Chalcolithic societies. The main body of the course is formed by the multiple transformations of the late 4th, 3rd and 2nd millennium BC, including the environmental ‘mediterraneanisation’ of the basin, the rise of the first complex societies in east and west Mediterranean and the formation of world-system relations at the east Mediterranean. A final session examines the transition to the Iron Age in the context of the emergence of pan-Mediterranean networks, and this also acts as a link to G202. This course is designed to interlock with G206, which explores Mediterranean dynamics from a diachronic and comparative perspective. Equally, it can be taken in conjunction with courses in the prehistory of specific regions, such as the Aegean, Italy, the Levant, Anatolia and Egypt, as well as Europe and Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • The Baltic Sea Region the Baltic Sea Region
    TTHEHE BBALALTTICIC SSEAEA RREGIONEGION Cultures,Cultures, Politics,Politics, SocietiesSocieties EditorEditor WitoldWitold MaciejewskiMaciejewski A Baltic University Publication A chronology of the history 7 of the Baltic Sea region Kristian Gerner 800-1250 Vikings; Early state formation and Christianization 800s-1000s Nordic Vikings dominate the Baltic Region 919-1024 The Saxon German Empire 966 Poland becomes Christianized under Mieszko I 988 Kiev Rus adopts Christianity 990s-1000s Denmark Christianized 999 The oldest record on existence of Gdańsk Cities and towns During the Middle Ages cities were small but they grew in number between 1200-1400 with increased trade, often in close proximity to feudal lords and bishops. Lübeck had some 20,000 inhabitants in the 14th and 15th centuries. In many cities around the Baltic Sea, German merchants became very influential. In Swedish cities tensions between Germans and Swedes were common. 1000s Sweden Christianized 1000s-1100s Finland Christianized. Swedish domination established 1025 Boleslaw I crowned King of Poland 1103-1104 A Nordic archbishopric founded in Lund 1143 Lübeck founded (rebuilt 1159 after a fire) 1150s-1220s Denmark dominates the Baltic Region 1161 Visby becomes a “free port” and develops into an important trade center 1100s Copenhagen founded (town charter 1254) 1100s-1200s German movement to the East 1200s Livonia under domination of the Teutonic Order 1200s Estonia and Livonia Christianized 1201 Riga founded by German bishop Albert 1219 Reval/Tallinn founded by Danes ca 1250
    [Show full text]