Ministère de l’Education et de la Recherche L’Université Valahia Târgovi şte Faculté de Sciences Humaines
D’UNIVERSITÉ VALAHIA TARGOVISTE
SECTION d’Archéologie et d’Histoire
TOME XXI
2019
Valahia University Press Târgovi şte Annales d’Université Valahia Targoviste Section d’Archéologie et d’Histoire publie des mémoires originaux, des nouvelles et des comptes-rendus dans le domaine de l’archéologie préhistorique, de l’histoire du moyen âge, de l’environnement de l’homme fossile, de l’archéologie interdisciplinaire et de patrimoine culturel.
Rédacteur en chef: prof. univ. dr. Marin Cârciumaru
Rédacteur en chef adjoint:
C.S.II dr. Elena-Cristina Ni ţu
Secrétariat de rédaction:
prof. univ. dr. Ioan Opri ş, dr. Denis Căpr ăroiu, dr. Radu Cârciumaru, dr. Monica Mărg ărit, dr. Marian Cosac, dr. Roxana Dobrescu, dr. Ovidiu Cîrstina, dr. Daniela Iamandi, dr. Adina Elena Boronean ţ.
Comité de rédaction: prof. dr. Eric Boëda, prof. Marcel Otte, prof. dr. Răzvan Theodorescu, prof. dr. Victor Spinei, prof. dr. Sabin Adrian Luca, prof. dr. Gheorghe Lazarovici, prof. dr. Carol Căpi ță , dr. Marylène Patou-Mathis, dr Marie-Hélène Moncel, dr. Cristian Schuster, dr. Adrian Bălăş escu.
Correspondants:
prof. Jacques Jaubert, prof. Jean-Philippe Rigaud, prof. Árpád Ringer, prof. Alain Tuffreau, dr. Aline Averbouh, dr. Nejma Goutas, dr. Alain Turq, prof. Ivor Jancovi č, prof. Ivor Karavani č, dr. Eugen Nicolae, dr. Emilian Alexandrescu, dr. Sergiu Iosipescu
Technorédacteur:
drd. Remus Constantin Dumitru Dinc ă
Revue indexée B+ par CNCSIS et B par CNCS - Roumanie
Indexée dans:
SCIMAGO Journal and Country Rank, AWOL, FRANTIQ ERIH PLUS INDEX COPERNICUS
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ISBN: 1584-1855; ISSN (online): 2285–3669 Sommaire
ARTICLES ET ÉTUDES MARIN CARCIUMARU, ELENA-CRISTINA NIȚU, THEODOR OBADA, OVIDIU CIRSTINA, FLORIN IONUȚ LUPU, MARIAN LEU, WIND INSTRUMENTS IN THE MID UPPER PALAEOLITHIC OF THE EASTERN CARPATHIANS………………………………………………………………………………………………………...7
STELIAN GRIGORE, A BRIEF NOTE ON THE MALACOLOGICAL PALEOFAUNA OF PIATRA- NEAMȚ 1 PALEOLITHIC SITE (NEAMȚ COUNTY, ROMANIA) ………………………………………………...21
SABIN ADRIAN LUCA, GHEORGHE NATEA, VASILE PALAGHIE, DATA ABOUT STYLIZED BULL/CALF HEADS FROM TURDAȘ EXCAVATIONS ………………………………………………………………29
ANA ILIE, ITHYPHALLIC FIGURINES FROM GEANGOE ȘTI HUL Ă, A NORTH TO DANUBE KODJADERMEN-GUMELNI ȚA KARANOVO VI CULTURE SITE ……………………………………………….39
VALERIU S ÎRBU, MARIA-MAGDALENA ȘTEFAN, DELIMITED FUNERARY SPACES – HELLENISTIC TUMULI WITH STONE ENCLOSURES AT KALLATIS ………………………………………………………………51
VALENTINA CETEAN, SAROLTA LŐRINCZ, HISTORY UNDER THE MICROSCOPE: THE PIGMENTS USED IN THE FUNERARY CHAMBER OF THE EARLY HELLENISTIC PERIOD TOMB IN DOCUMACI MOUND, AT KALLATIS, ON THE WESTERN BLACK SEA ………………………………………77
SAMIRA HAOUI, SAMIA CHERGUI, L’HABITAT FORTIFIE SUR LA FRONTIERE ROMAINE PRESAHARIENNE EN ALGERIE ORIENTALE (OASIS DES ZIBAN, ALGERIE) …………………………...87
ALEXANDER KIM, RELATIONS BETWEEN THE BOHAI PEOPLE AND THE KORYŎ KINGDOM …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...105
RADU CÂRCIUMARU, PRINCE NEGRU VODĂ, A MEDIAEVAL FIGURE AS MIRRORED BY THE ROMANIAN ENLIGHTENMENT AND ROMANTICISM …………………………………………………………117
MINODORA CÂRCIUMARU, GHEORGHE OLTEANU, ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS AT THE “ST. VINERI” CHURCH FROM THE PRINCELY COURT OF TÂRGOVIȘTE. THE REPERTORY OF PERSONAL ORNAMENTS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………123
NOTES ET DISCUSSIONS MARIN CÂRCIUMARU, CRINA MICLĂUȘ, ANDREI ALEXANDRU SMEU, OUTCROPS OF EXOTIC RAW MATERIAL IN THE BISTRIȚA VALLEY (NORTH-EASTERN ROMANIA) USED IN THE PALAEOLITHIC ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………139 CLAUDIU NEAGOE, MILITARY ORGANIZATION OF WALLACHIA FROM THE FIRST BASARABS UNTIL THE BEGINNING OF THE 16TH CENTURY ...... 155
AMALIA LARISA COSTINA NICĂ-DIDE, ASPECTS OF RELIGIOUS LIFE IN TELEORMAN COUNTY (ROMANIA) FROM THE SIXTEENTH TO NINETEENTH CENTURY ...... 163
Annales d’Université Valahia Targoviste, Section d’Archéologie et d’Histoire, Tome XXI, 2019, p. 163-168 ISSN: 1584-1855; ISSN (online): 2285–3669
Aspects of religious life in Teleorman County (Romania) from the sixteenth to nineteenth century
Amalia Larisa Costina Nic ă-Dide*
* PhD student in history, “Valahia” University Târgovi şte, Faculty of Humanities, Str. Locotenent Stancu Ion, nr. 34-36, Târgovi şte, 130018, Dâmbovi ţa County; e-mail: [email protected].
Abstract : Religious life in Teleorman County has only begun to be documented since the sixteenth century, although we have so far few documents, but since the seventeenth century, the number of documented priests has increased considerably. Numerous medieval documents confirm that in the village community, the priest did not only act as a supporter of the Orthodox faith, to alleviate the sufferings of the people, but to own lands he had bought or inherited from his parents. In terms of their social status, priests were considered free people, but there were also situations where the priest’s dependence on the boyar was a real fact. Most of the priests were scholars, as evidenced by the numerous documents written by them. The book teaching was done, firstly in the village churches by its parishioners, but not lastly in the monasteries and hermitages erected on the county territory.
Keywords : religious life, XVIth-XIXth century, Teleorman County (Romania), priest, church, owner, free people, literacy.
With the formation of the Wallachia medieval state there is no evidence to this effect (D. C. Giurescu, 1973, in the first decades of the fourteenth century, the p. 358). foundation of ecclesiastical structures with all state We have witnesses regarding the obligations of structures was laid as well. Thus, in 1359, during the priests only from the seventeenth century. As it appears time of Nicolae Alexandru, the first Metropolitan on January 14, 1630, voivode Leon Tom șa exempted the Church of Ungrovlahia was established, based in Arge ș, priests and deacons from the Royal Church in conducted by the metropolitan Iachint de Vicina (D. C. Bucharest, so that ,, ca s ă fie de acum înainte casele lor Giurescu, 1973, pp. 355-357; N. Dobrescu, 1906, p. 35; și bucatele lor în pace și slobode de bir și de bou și de N. Constantinescu, 2002, p. 137-146), acquiring, “not oaie seac ă și de cal și de miiare și de cear ă și de galben only a church organization, but also a political- state și de cai de olacu și de vin ărici și de p ăhărnicie și de organization , both by the fact that it was recognized by schimbul banilor și de g ăleata cu fân și de undelemnul Byzantium and by the fact that the foundations of the și de dijm ă și de n ăem și de împrumutare și de toate ruler-metropolitan / state-church binomial were laid “ slujbele și mânc ăturile care sunt peste an în țara (Cl. Neagoe, 2014, p. 190). Here lived the metropolitans domniei mele, de nimic bântuial ă s ă nu aib ă, pentru c ă of Wallachia until 1517, when Neagoe Basarab moved am iertat domnia pe dân șii, ca s ă se odihneasc ă în zilele to Târgoviste (D. C. Giurescu, 1973, p. 353; N. domniei mele, cum au fost ierta ți și la al ți domni ”* Dobrescu, 1906, p. 35). (,, from now on, their houses and their food should be in In the 14th-15th centuries, the representatives of peacekeeping and free from taxes, oxen and sheep, the Church, the monks and the clergy were landowners, horses and thousands and wax and gold and free from and therefore, probably, payers of gifts to the reign, but horses and winery taxes and butlers and exchanging
163 Amalia Larisa Costina Nic ă-Dide
money and the hay bucket and oil and free from taxes Neagoe Basarab, dated May 23, 1515, we find out about and fellow citizens and from borrowing and all the work “priest Stanciu ” who had bought “a part of Z ărne ști ”, and all the food that exist all over the year in the land of from a certain Cernica, for the sum of 260 aspri **. On my kingdom, there is nothing to be desired, for I have April 23rd, 1527, priest Mircea is mentioned, to whom forsaken the kingship, to rest in the days of my reign, as voivode Radu from Afuma ți strengthened his part of the they were forgiven also by their lords ”). We can land ,, pentru c ă îi este veche și dreapt ă ocin ă, dedin ă” conclude that they paid all the duties as the rest of the („because it is old and straight land, dedina ), namely a population, being exempted, in certain periods, by the plot of land in the village T ămășești bought from Oncea rulers. From Anatefter. Condica de porunci a vistieriei with 62 aspri ***, **** (E. Țânță reanu, 2010, p. 66). lui Constantin Brâncoveanu (Anatefter. In the order of On January 13, 1575, Alexandru Mircea, the ruler of the the treasury of Constantin Brâncoveanu), in 1698, we Wallachia, was giving to a certain priest Dumitru from also find some obligations that the priests had towards Poenari village, a part of the village bought from Stroe the reign (D. C. Giurescu, 1962, p. 391-392). Thus, for from Valceni with the sum of 300 rough, a territory that those in Buz ău bishopric, Constantin Brancoveanu gave included ,, toat ă vatra satului și din amândou ă ogr ăzile orders to pay 2000 annual ughi in four installments ,, și cât se va alege toat ă și din rediu jum ătate și din Valea le-am facut domniia mea rumtoare da bir, ca s ă aib ă a cu Trestie jum ătate (“ all the hearth of the village and of dare to ți preo ții și diiaconii [...], pre an câte ug both yards. how much will all be chosen and half of the 2000 ” (D. Giurescu, 1962, p. 391-392) („and I did spinney and half of the Trestie Valley ”)”*****, **** during my reign rumtoare in order for everbody to give (M. Bâzgan, 2004, p. 175). Witness to the signing of the tribute so that all the priests and deacons have to pay decree given by voivode Mihnea Turcitul to Ban Calot ă [...] per year by ug 2000”). As for other gifts, from and his wife, consisting of properties in Lipov, Căpățân ă Anatefter we find that ,, pentru oeritul, dijm ăritul, and Bucure ști villages, on June 1, 1578, was also priest vinericiul, dup ă obicéiu, sa-și pl ăteasc ă cu bani, pre ce Stan from Șerb ăne ști village ******; **** (I. Spiru, le-ar face. Si vinericérii carii vor hi, s ă n-aib ă voe a le 2015, p. 95). Priest Buc șe, from the village of Cervenia, luaré bu ți cu vin pentru vinericiu, ci numai bani, nici sa appears mentioned, on November 29, 1588, in a letter dea chiriia bu ților céle d ă vinerici și poclonul, d ă nume, issued by Mihnea II, called “Turcitul ”, which allowed câte bani 12, mai mult nu ” ((„ for sheepkeeping, djmarit, Mihai the redemption of some gypsies from priest Buc şe vinericiu, according to the custom , they should pay for 2000 rough **** (Ecaterina Țân ță reanu, 2010, p. money, whatever they would do. And vinericérii, 51). On March 21, 1589, in another charter of voivode whoever they will be, must not take with them any wine Mihnea II, it is mentioned the monk Maxim who was barrels for vinericiu, but only money and nor must they having a lawsuit with postelnic Dragomir for a property give rent to Buti to those given that give vinerici and in the village of Pietro șani, which he claimed to have poclon, by name, 12 coins and no more ”). It is also bought, but proved later the judgment of the ruler that mentioned that ,, și i-am ertat d ă d ăjdii m ărunte, ce le he had received only a guarantee for 5000 aspri ****; era asupra lor, ca s ă aib< ă> r ăsuflar
Aspects of religious life in Teleorman County (Romania) from the sixteenth to nineteenth century
Teleorman County, most are in the North-East area. Dobre, which he had bought in 1697- This possible reality is also due to the 1517 relocation 1698************. of the Metropolis of Ungrovlahia to Târgovi ște, which In the village community, the priest did not merely influenced, by approaching the border of Teleorman have the role of supporters of the Orthodox faith, of County on its NE side, the development of the religious alleviating the sufferings of the people, but he also life in this geographical area and less in the west. owned the lands he had bought or inherited from his Since the seventeenth century, the number of parents. In this respect, there are very good testimonies documented priests has increased considerably such as that of May 25, 1613, of voivode Radu Mihnea, compared to the previous period (I. Spiru, 2015, p. 95- who gave to ,, popii David din Meri șani ocine în satul 137). Ioan Spiru, in the work Din istoria bisericii Meri șani, partea bunicului s ău, Seprentin, toat ă [...], teleorm ănene (From the history of the Teleorman pentru c ă toate aceste p ărți îi sunt de mo ștenire și are church ), made a list of the clergy who performed their pentru ele și carte veche, rupt ă și întunecat ă de la activity, comprising about 1200 priests for the period bătrânul Vlad voievod, fiul b ătrânului, de mult r ăposat, 1500-1900 (I. Spiru, 2015, p. 95-137). From this list, for Vlad voievod ”**** („priest David from Meri șani the period of the sixteenth century up to the first three properties in the village of Meri șani, the property of his decades of the nineteenth century, we find that there are grandfather, Seprentin , all of it [...], because all these recorded a very large number of priests who performed parts belong to him. they are part of his inheritance and their religious activity in the villages of Teleorman he has for them also an old book, broken and dark from County; new ones are added to these as a result of our the old Vlad Voievode, the son of the old, long-lost, Vlad research. Thus, in a letter from January 11, 1680, we Voievode”). Another document is the one from February find mentioned Gheorghe Tichigiul, the son of Eftemie 22, 1700, when Nicula, the son of priest Nicula of the monk from Râca, Teleorman County, who sold to Nemo șteni, sold to Bunea Gr ădi șteanu a big landlord, Radu Știrbei a large estate which was in Popesti, his share of the estate in the village of Nemo ștenii de Teleorman County *********. Another representative Jos, Teleorman County ,, care mo șie ia ște a mea d ă la of the Teleorman church, later discovered, is priest Radu părin ții mei ”**** (“which inherited property is mine of Nanov, whose children were selling on February 25, from my parents ”). 1680, to Constantin, the pitar , and to her maiden, Anca, The written document of May 9, 1692, tells us that an estate in Singureni, Vla șca County**********. Also during the time of Serban Voda, Metropolitan Valaam on May 25, 1716, Oan ă Răspopitul from Ad ăme şti had left the treasure of the metropolis for preservation, village, Teleorman County, gives a written document to more precisely, ,, un sipet cu 2000 tl. la popa Stan din the abbot Averchie from Cotroceni monastery, to whom satul Albe ști ”**** („a coffer with 2000 tl.to priest Stan they give, for his memory and that of his parents, 48 from the village of Albesti ”), and Grigorie Chancellor fathoms of land in Comanesti, Teleorman. From the Gr ădi șteanu had taken the money from this priest, Stan, document, we also find that the monastery still owned and spent it. Some of the money had been returned by lands in the village Com ăne ști, which had been given by his wife, and part of it by his son, Matei. But as he was “priest. Paisie monah Urd ăreanul, since he was a still owed part of the debt, Matei also gave ,, partea sa layman“ (,, părintele Paisie monah Urd ăreanul, înc ă de mo șie de la Neto ți, jude țul Teleorman ”**** (“his de când au fostu mirean ”) ***********. Beside this part of the estate from Neto ți, Teleorman County”) that estate dedicated by priest Paisie, were the 48 fathoms his father Grigore Chancellor Gr ădi șteanu had bought. given by Oan ă Răspopitul , bought three years ago by From the document, we also deduce the importance of Radu Furculescu and his cousin Manea***********. the priest in the village world, the confidence that he From Condica Marii Logofe ţii we find that among the enjoys. properties of Cotmeana monastery, in Arge ș County, the Regarding their social status, priests were metoh of Cozia monastery, were the 100 fathoms from considered free people (I. Spiru, 2015, p 92), but there Nenciule ști, bought on May 30, 1693, from the priest were also situations in which the priest’s dependence on Radu and his brother Ilie************. In the same the boyar was a real fact. In this respect, there is the Condica Marii Logofe ţii is mentioned that Mr. evidence of 20 May 1612, by which voivode Radu Constantin Brancoveanu strengthened to Hristodor vel Mihnea granted ,, lui Preda postelnic și so ției lui captain a part of the estate in Hâns ăre ști, Teleorman Florica, fiica lui Mihail voievod, satul Plea șovul de Sus County, part that had belonged to the monks Simion and și de Jos, cu tot hotarul, cu tot venitul și cu to ți
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vecinii ”**** („to Preda postelnic and to the wife, considered scholars. Thus, from May 24, 1642 we have Florica, the daughter of voievode Mihail, the village of the document written by Oan ă, the deacon from the Plea șov de Sus and de Jos, with all the borders, with all village of Groze ști****. Another scholar deacon is the income and with all the neighbors ”), among which Constantin from Pu țintei, Teleorman County, were ,, popa Rele cu fiul s ău Stoica ”**** (priest Rele mentioned on December 1, 1680****. On March 1, and his son Stoica ). 1686, a document is written by deacon Coman from Another proof of this we have in December 8, Crângeni****. Among these deacons, there were some 1617, when seneschal’s Para, gave to ,, popa Stanciu cu who gave teachings on writing acts, such as the deacon nepotu-său P ătru ” ( priest Stanciu and his nephew Gheorghe of the village of Mârz ăne știi de Jos, who, on Patru ) and others ,, mo șia C ărtojanilor, din hotar pân ă April 4 , 1674, sold his land, along with his father and în hotar, din câmp, ap ă și p ădure, pentru c ă s-au brother, to clucer Tudoran, in the village of Aninoasa, răscump ărat pentru 40.000 aspri și a patra parte din for which a document was written by Iane, the cupbearer ocina de jos, f ără rumâni ”**** („the estate Cartojan ,, cu zisa lui Gheorghe diaconul ” („with the agreement from border to border, from the field, water and forest, of Gheorghe, the deacon”)****. We find the same because they were redeemed for 40,000 aspri and the deacon Gheorghe on February 12, 1676, when he was fourth part of the property below, without peasants”). haggling about hiring some craftsmen to make a mill in Representatives of the clergy benefited from the village of Pu țintei with clucer Tudoran; he also came certain tax exemptions, but from the document of June to a deal with Tudoran, who owned more than half of 25, 1628, we find that priest Dragomir from Poeni the village of Pu țintei, ,,la cheltuiala morii, ca și la village in Vla șca County who had moved to Fiiani venitul ei, Tudoran s ă fie p ărta ș propor țional cu mo șia village from Ilfov county, paid taxes in Fiiani village, ce i se va c ădea s ă st ăpâneasc ă” („to the expense of the along with the other inhabitants of the village* ***. mill, as well as to its income, Tudoran would contribute Most of the priests were scholars, as evidenced by in a proportional part to the estate that he was going to the numerous documents written by them. Thus, own”)****. according to the catalog of documents, prepared by The literacy was a reality in Teleorman County, a Maria Georgescu and Gheorghe Popa, Documente fact which is proven by the numerous documents written referitoare la istoria jude țului Teleorman 1441-1700 between 1441-1665 by grammarians, no less than 29 (Documents referring to the history of Teleorman medieval documents, together with 8 copyists, 27 priests county 1441-1700 ) , between 1606 and 1685, no less and 4 deacons****, (N. Stoicescu, 1988, p. 153, 209). than 25 priests, representatives of the clergy write acts, The essential condition of being a part of the clergy, which proves that they were connoisseurs of book whether they were priests, deacons or cantors, was to science****. In addition, some of them were probably know how to write and read (N. Stoicescu, p. 368; I. transmitting the teaching to others, as well. Thus, on Spiru, p. 82-83). From these, the children of the village February 25, 1671, a document appears through which learned the mystery of reading and writing ,, folosind priest Gheorghe sold to priest Teodosie, who preached pentru aceasta c ărțile bisericii și lada cu nisip ” („using at his monastery in Aninoasa from Muscel County, his for this the books of the church and the sand box”) (I. land in the village of Pu țintei; he wrote ,, Mitrea, Spiru, p. 89). chilia șul p ărintelui Teodosie, cu zisa popii Gherghe din The book teaching was done, firstly, in the village Bucure ști ” („Mitrea, the Chilia ș of priest Theodosius, churches by its servants, but not lastly in the monasteries according to the agreement of priest Gherghe from and hermitages erected on the county territory. In this Bucharest”)****. On June 6, 1684, there comes the regard, it is worth mentioning the monasteries and document of priest Mih ăil ă from the village of Reapezi, churches of this period in which a rich religious activity Teleorman County, through which he sold to bishop took place, such as: the monastery from Dr ăgăne ști - Barbu Urd ăreanu, his share of the estate he had from the 1647, the monastery from Pl ăviceni - 1648, the church monk Iftimie, his grandfather; the document was written from Balaci - 1684, the monastery from Baldovine ști - by a certain Radu ,, cu înv ăță tura preotului Mih ăil ă” erected at the end of the seventeenth century and not („with the instructions of priest Mih ăil ă”)****. least the monastery from Dide ști - ca 1700 (St. V. Together with the priests, the deacons helped to Cristea, 2002, p. 77). Probably, Radu Gramaticu from carry out the religious worship, despite being mentioned Mănice ști also learned in the monastery from Dr ăgăne ști in fewer documents, and appear as landowners or as or the hermitage of Comanca, and from him we have witnesses in signing the acts. A small part of them is some valuable works, namely the Gospel written in 166 Tome XXI, 2019
Aspects of religious life in Teleorman County (Romania) from the sixteenth to nineteenth century
1574 (St. V. Cristea, 2002, p. 77). Jeremiah Iacacela was metohs : Dr ăgăne ști and Dide ști, 194 churches, out of also abbot of the Plaviceni monastery in Teleorman which two in Ro șiorii de Vede*************. County, who had spent, due to his wisdom, time at the Bibliography court of Șerban Cantacuzino (1678-1688), being also *Documenta Romaniae Historica, B, Țara the teacher of the children of Constantin Cantemir, Româneasc ă, vol. XXIII (1630-1632), volum întocmit between 1691-1693; in addition he taught Dimitrie de Damaschin Mioc, Editura Academiei, Bucure ști, Cantemir as well (St. V. Cristea, 1996, pp. 145-146). 1969, p. 34-35, doc. 18; As it can be seen, there had been monasteries on **Documenta Romaniae Historica, B, Țara the territory of the county long before the execution of Româneasc ă, vol. II, 1501-1525, volum îngrijit de the 1700 map by the steward Constantin Cantacuzino, Ștefan Ștef ănescu și Olimpia Diaconescu, Editura although no monastery belonging to the county of Academiei, Bucure ști, 1972, p. 273-275, doc. 137; Teleorman is recorded in it (C. C. Giurescu, 1943, p. *** Documenta Romaniae Historica , B, Țara 20). Nevertheless, in 1778, Theodor Wilhelm von Bauer Româneasc ă, vol. III, 1526-1535, volum întocmit de comes to mention 42 churches for Teleorman County, Damaschin Mioc, Editura Academiei, Bucure ști, 1975, of which four were in the only city, Ro șiorii de Vede p. 59-60, doc. 35; (Fr. W. von Bauer, 1778, p. 168-172). About 40 years ****Documente referitoare la istoria jude țului after that, Dionisie Fotino (1859, p. 170-171) when Teleorman, 1441-1700 , Catalog, vol. I, Direc ția describing in his work Istoria general ă a Daciei sau a General ă a Arhivelor Statului, Bucure ști, 1989, p. 24- Transilvaniei, Țerei Muntenesci și a Moldovei (The 25, doc. 25; p. 41, doc. 60; p. 363; p. 41, doc. 61; p. 50, general history of Dacia or Transilvania, Muntenia doc. 78; p.51, doc. 79; p. 362; p. 53, doc. 82; p. 352; p. Country and Moldova ), in 1819, the fourth county of 199, doc. 447; p. 61, doc. 100; p. 293, doc. 724; p. 281, Walachia, Teleorman, he wrote that there was only one doc. 689; p. 58, doc. 94; p. 68, doc. 114; p. 97, doc. 174; city, Ru șii de Vede, where there were two churches, p. 402; p. 227, doc. 534; p. 260, doc. 624; p. 151, doc. whereas in the whole county there were 190 churches 308; p. 252-253, doc. 608; p. 264, doc. 638; p. 236, doc. and no monasteries. 562; p. 239, doc. 572; p. 395-396; According to the census of the Ungro-Vlahia ***** Documenta Romaniae Historica, B, Țara Diocese of 1810 (I. Spiru, 1996, p. 87) there were 165 Româneasc ă, vol. VII, 1571-1575, volum îngrijit de villages and one city, Ru șii de Vede. In the county, there Ștefan Ștef ănescu și Olimpia Diaconescu, Editura were 171 churches, most of them were made of wood, Academiei, Bucure ști, 1988, p. 265, doc. 200; brick and very few of the masonry, six of which could ****** Documenta Romaniae Historica, B, Țara be found in Ro șiorii de Vede. In these churches, 372 Româneasc ă, vol. VIII, 1576-1580, volum îngrijit de priests and 310 deacons performed the religious service. Damaschin Mioc și Ioana Constantinescu, Editura (I. Spiru, 1996, p. 87- 88). Academiei, Bucure ști, 1996, p. 198, doc. 125; According to a monograph of the Wallachia ******* Documenta Romaniae Historica, B, Țara between 1820-1828, Teleorman County had two Româneasc ă, vol. VI (1566-1570), volum îngrijit de churches (C. Caraca ș, 1937, p. 206). Ștefan Ștef ănescu și Olimpia Diaconescu, Editura In addition, the travelers who passed through the Academiei, Bucure ști, 1985; p. 343; Romanian space left behind information about ******** Documenta Romaniae Historica, B, Teleorman County, one of these being Ignati Iakovenko Țara Româneasc ă, vol. XI, 1593-1600, Domnia lui (1820), a Russian traveler, official of the Russian Mihai Viteazul, volum întocmit de Damaschin Mioc, consulate in Bucharest, connoisseur of the Romanian Ștefan Ștef ănescu și al ții, Editura Academiei, Bucure ști, space, who provided economic, social, political and 1976, p. 318-319, doc. 240; administrative information. After this, in the Wallachia, ********* Biblioteca Academiei Române , there were four dioceses, each subordinated to the Documente istorice , DCXLI/17; Metropolitan, but ruled separately. Under the leadership ********** Biblioteca Academiei Române , of the Metropolitan were the churches in seven counties, Documente istorice , MDCXXXIX/26; comprising Teleorman, which included 385 priests with *********** Direc ția Arhivelor Na ționale Istorice 264 deacons*************. In addition, for Centrale-Bucure ști , Col. George Potra, 1/113; Teleorman County, he stated that there were two ************Condica Marii Logofe ții (1692- 1714), edi ție îngrijit ă de Melentina Bâzgan, Pite ști,
167 Tome XXI, 2019
Amalia Larisa Costina Nic ă-Dide
Editura Paralela 45, 2009, p. 20, doc. 23; p. 262, doc. Fotino D., 1859, Istoria general ă a Daciei sau a 185; Transilvaniei, Țerei Muntenesci și a Moldovei , *************C ălători str ăini despre Ță rile traducerea de George Sion, Tomulu I, Bucuresci, Române în secolul al XIX-lea , Seria nou ă, Volumul I Imprimeria Na țional ă a lui Iosef Romanov et Companie, (1806-1821), volum îngrijit de Georgeta Filitti, Beatrice p. 170-171; Marinescu, Șerban R ădulescu Zoner, Marian Stroia, Giurescu D. C., 1962, Anatefterul. Condica de Paul Cernovodeanu (redactor responsabil), Editura porunci a vistieriei lui Constantin Brâncoveanu , Studii Academiei Române, Bucure ști, 2004, p. 831, p. 835; și materiale de Istorie Medie, vol. V, pp. 353-505; Bauer F. W., 1778, Mémoires historiques et Giurescu C. C., 1943, Harta stolnicului Constantin géographiques sur la Valachie , Frankfurt & Leipzig, p. Cantacuzino. O descriere a Munteniei la 1700 , Revista 168-172; Istoric ă Român ă, XIII, Fasc. I, pp. 1-28; Bâzgan M., 2004, Jude țele Ță rii Române ști pân ă Giurescu D. C., 1973, Țara Româneasc ă în la mijlocul secolului al XVIII-lea , Editura Cartea secolele XIV-XV , Editura Știin țific ă, Bucure ști, p. 353, Universitar ă, Bucure ști, p. 175, p. 174; 355-357, 358; Caraca ș C., 1937, O veche monografie sanitar ă a Neagoe C., 2014, O scurt ă istorie a românilor , vol. Munteniei. ,,Topografia Ță rii Române ști” (1800- I: sec. VIII-XIV, Editura Ars Docendi, p. 190; 1828) , Institutul de Arte Grafice ,,Bucovina”, Bucure ști, Spiru I., 1996, File de istorie teleorm ănean ă, p. 206; Editura Teleormanul Liber, p. 87, p. 87-88; Constantinescu N., 2002, Nicolae Alexandru Țân ță reanu E., 2010, Habitat medieval în sud- Voievod – Iachint de Vicina sau despre rosturile vestul Munteniei în sec. XIV-XVII. Temeiuri istorice arge şene ale momentului istoric 1359 , Argesis. Studii şi și arheologice , Editura Ranaissance, Bucure ști, p. 33- comunic ări, XI, pp. 137-146; 34, 66, 51; Cristea S. V., 1996, Jude țul Teleorman. Dic ționar Spiru I., 2015, Din istoria Bisericii teleorm ănene biobibliografic , Editura Teleormanul Liber, Alexandria, – studii, articole, însemn ări , edi ție îngrijit ă de Pavel p. 77, p. 145-146; Mirea, Editura Ordessos, p. 95-137, p. 92, p. 82-83, p. Dobrescu N., 1906, Întemeierea Mitropoliilor și a 89; celor dintâi m ănăstiri din țar ă, Revista ,,Biserica Stoicescu N., 1988, Institu ții feudale din Ță rile Ortodox ă Român ă”, Bucure ști, Tipografia C ărților Române. Dic ționar , Editura Academiei Române, Biserice ști, p. 35-49; Bucure ști, p. 153, p. 209, p. 368.
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