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Baki Universitetinin Xəbərləri BAKI UNİVERSİTETİNİN XƏBƏRLƏRİ ВЕСТНИК БАКИНСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА NEWS OF BAKU UNIVERSITY HUMANİTAR ELMLƏR seriyası серия ГУМАНИТАРНЫХ НАУК series of HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES № 4 2019 %$.,81ø9(56ø7(7ø1ø1;Ԥ%Ԥ5/Ԥ5ø ʋ +XPDQLWDUHOPOΩUVHUL\DVÕ 2019 'ø/dø/ø. 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Mԥqalԥ xüsusi adlar sistemindԥ V|] \DUDGÕFÕOÕ÷Õ SURVHVOԥrinin tԥhlilinԥ hԥVUROXQPXúGXU$UDúGÕUPDQÕQPԥqsԥdi Azԥrbaycan dilindԥ [VXVLDGODUÕQ\D- ranPD VXOODUÕQÕQ V|]\DUDWPDQÕQ VSHVLILN [VXVL\\ԥtlԥrinin müԥyyԥnlԥúGLULO- mԥsidir. TԥGTLTDWÕQ RE\HNWL PDVLU $]ԥrbaycan dilindԥki xüsusi adlar, pred- meti isԥ RQODUÕQ\DUDQPDVXOODUÕGÕU TԥGTLTDW ]DPDQÕ Wԥsviri, müqayisԥli, komponent tԥKOLOL PHWRGODUÕQGDQ habelԥ PúDKLGԥ, ümumilԥúGLUPԥ VXOODUÕQGDQLVWLIDGԥ ROXQPXúGXU Onimyaratma prosesi: xüsusiyyԥtlԥUL VXOODUÕ Yeni adlara vԥ yeni mԥnalara dildԥ hԥU]DPDQHKWL\DFGX\XOXU6|]\DUDGÕFÕOÕ÷ÕVDKԥsindԥ yeni mԥ- QDQÕQPH\GDQDoÕ[PDVÕKԥPLúԥ \HQLV|]Q\DUDQPDVÕLOԥ ED÷OÕGÕU'HULYDVL\D aspekti onomastik vahidlԥrin struktur-semantik tԥUWLEDWÕQÕQ[VXVL\\ԥtlԥrini üzԥ oÕ[DUPD÷D imkan verԥn rakurslardan biridir. Onimyaratma (onomastik deri- YDVL\D [VXVLQRPLQDVL\D DNWÕGÕU2QXQPԥqsԥGL\HQLDGÕQ\DUDGÕOPDVÕ\HQL leksik vahidlԥrin modellԥúGLULOPԥVLGLU2QLP\DUDGÕFÕOÕ÷Õ|]ԥVDVIXQNVL\DODUÕQD görԥ DGODUÕQPH\GDQDoÕ[PDVÕYԥ istifadԥsi ilԥԥlaqԥGDUGÕU'LOVLVWHPLQGԥ onim yaUDGÕFÕOÕ÷Õ|]Qԥmԥxsus yer tutur, yaranan vahidlԥrin xarakterinԥ görԥ leksik sԥviyyԥyԥ mԥQVXEGXU DQFDT RQODUÕQ \DUDGÕOPD IRUPDODUÕQD Yԥ ifadԥ vasitԥ- lԥrinԥ görԥ qrammatika sԥviyyԥsinԥ \D[ÕQODúÕU 2QXQ IRUPDODúPDVÕ Pԥyyԥn nominativ vԥzifԥnin yerinԥ yetirilmԥsinԥ tabedir. Onimyaratma prosesi xüsusi DGÕQVHPDQWLNDVÕQÕQ\ԥni leksik mԥQDQÕQPH\GDQDoÕ[PDVÕQGDQEDúODQÕU3UR- VHVLQ VRQUDNÕ Pԥrhԥlԥsindԥ motivlԥúGLUԥQ V|]Q D[WDUÕúÕ JHGLU Qԥticԥdԥ söz- yaratma modellԥri ԥVDVÕQGD\HQLRQLPԥmԥlԥ gԥlir. Mԥ]PXQED[ÕPÕQGDQRQR- mastik derivasiya yeni motivlԥúPLú V|]Q \DUDGÕOPDVÕQGDQ LEDUԥtdir. “Sözün deULYDWLYLQNLúDIÕRQXQGHULYDVL\D[VXVL\\ԥtlԥULQLQUHDOL]DVL\DVÕQÕQԥzԥrdԥ tu- tur ki, bu xüsusiyyԥtlԥULQGDúÕ\ÕFÕVÕV|zün morfem-PRWLYDVL\DSODQÕGÕU%XSODQ digԥr leksemlԥrin vԥ leksik-VHPDQWLNYDULDQWODUÕQPRWLYDVL\DPԥnbԥyi kimi xid- mԥt etmԥyԥ vԥ GHULYDVL\DPRWLYDVL\DQÕQ RE\HNWL NLPL oÕ[Õú HWPԥyԥ qadirdir” (2). Hԥr düzԥltmԥ söz yeni ad, yeni mԥna strukturuna malik vahiddir vԥ o DUWÕTP|YFXGRODQKD]ÕUGLOYDKLGOԥULED]DVÕQGDPԥyyԥn ԥmԥOL\\DWODUÕQJHdi- úLQGԥ \DUDGÕOÕU1RPLQDVL\DYDKLGOԥULQLQIRUPDODúPDVÕYԥzifԥsinԥ xidmԥt edԥn RQLP \DUDGÕFÕOÕ÷Õ GLOLQ [VXVL \DUÕPVLVWHPL NLPL EX YDKLGOԥrin modellԥúdiril- mԥsi üçün müԥyyԥn vasitԥlԥrԥ malikdir. Onimyaratma prosesinin nԥticԥVL[VXVLQRPLQDWLYúԥraitdԥQDVÕOÕGÕU1R- PLQDWLYúԥrait bir neçԥ komponentdԥn ibarԥWGLUDGODQGÕUÕODQRE\HNWLQQ|YDG- verԥn subyekt, tarixi dövr, nominasiya prinsiplԥULQRPLQDVL\DQÕQWԥbii vԥ süni, 6 ilkin vԥ ya tԥNUDU [DUDNWHU GDúÕPDVÕ RQRPDVWLN VLVWHP øQVDQ úXUXQGD ԥks olunan konkret predmetin vԥ sԥs kompleksinin birlԥúPԥsi müԥyyԥn nominativ úԥraitdԥ EDúYHULU$GÕQVHoLOPԥVLoQED]DGLOLQO÷ԥWHKWL\DWÕGÕU2QLPOԥr ya ümumi sözlԥr, ya da digԥU[VXVLDGTUXSODUÕԥVDVÕQGD\DUDGÕOÕU2QLP\DUDWPD prosesindԥ üç mövqeyԥԥsasԥn qԥrar vermԥk mԥqsԥdԥX\÷XQGXU DG Tԥbul olunPXú TD\GDODU Yԥ ya modellԥr ԥVDVÕQGD \DUDGÕOPDOÕ \R[VD ԥnԥnԥvi ste- reotiplԥULSR]PDOÕ HPRVL\DYԥ obrazlara (mücԥrrԥd adlara) müraciԥt etmԥli, yoxsa konkret adlardan istifadԥ etmԥli; 3) advermԥnin rasional, yoxsa oyun modelindԥn istifadԥ etmԥli. Onomastik sözyaratma sisteminin vahidlԥri – V|]\DUDWPD SDUDGLTPDVÕ sözyaratma cütü, sözyaratma tipi, sözyaratma zԥnciridir. Sözyaratma para- GLTPDVÕH\QL \DUDGÕFÕED]DVÕPXPL]Y– IRUPDQWÕRODQYԥ V|]\DUDWPDQÕQ eyni pillԥsindԥ yerlԥúԥn törԥmԥlԥrin mԥcmusudur. Sözyaratma zԥQFLUL VÕUDVÕ – eyniköklü sözlԥrin cԥrgԥVL V|] \DUDGÕFÕOÕ÷ÕQGD LúWLUDN HGԥQ H\QL IRUPDQWOÕ törԥmԥ sözlԥrin cԥmidir. KomponentlԥULQ VD\ÕQD J|Uԥ zԥncir binar vԥ polinar olur. Binar zԥQFLU\XYDQÕQEDúODQ÷ÕFV|]QGԥn vԥ bir törԥmԥdԥn, polinar zԥncir isԥ EDúODQ÷ÕF V|] Yԥ iki vԥ GDKD DUWÕT W|Uԥmԥdԥn (derivatdan) ibarԥt olur. 'HULYDW RQLP\DUDWPDQÕQ ԥsas obyektidir, onimyaratma tipinin elementidir. 2QLP\DUDWPDWLSLH\QLIRUPDQWÕQN|Pԥyi ilԥ düzԥlԥn, eyni mԥQDQÕLIDGԥ edԥn sözdüzԥltmԥ cütlüklԥrinin mԥcmusudur. Sözyaratma tiplԥri yuvada birlԥúLU<XYDRQLP\DUDGÕFÕOÕ÷ÕQÕQPUԥkkԥb kompleks vahidlԥrindԥn biridir. SözyaraWPD \XYDVÕQÕQ VWUXNWXUX GHGLNGԥ, müԥyyԥn sözyaratma tiplԥrinԥ aid olan törԥmԥlԥrin mԥFPXVXEDúDGúOU%X VWUXNWXUD GD[LOGLU \XYDQÕQԥVDVÕ]LUYԥVL \XYDQÕQGLJԥr üzvlԥri. Sözya- UDWPD \XYDVÕQÕQ HOHPHQWOԥUL GHULYDVL\D VÕUDVÕ Yԥ sözdüzԥltmԥ paradiqmDVÕGÕU Bir kökdԥn ibarԥt onimlԥr sözdüzԥltmԥ \XYDVÕ\DUDGÕUYԥ RQXQGRPLQDQWÕROXU Yuva bir onomastik vahidin digԥrinԥ DUGÕFÕOWDEHROPDVÕSULQVLSL]Uԥ qurulur. Onun ԥVDVÕ]LUYԥsi törԥmԥ ROPD\DQEDúODQ÷ÕFV|]GU<XYDQÕQEDúODQ÷ÕFV|]- lԥri kimi müxtԥlif onimlԥUoÕ[ÕúHGԥ bilԥr. Onlar iki vԥ daha çox sözdüzԥltmԥ zԥncirindԥn ibarԥt yuvalar ԥmԥlԥ gԥtirir. Mԥsԥlԥn, Zülfüqar – Zülfü – Zülü – =Oú*ODUԥ - Gülü – *Oú9VDO–Vüsalԥ, Bünyad – Bünyadzadԥ - Bün- \DGOÕ– Bünyadabad, Abbas – Abbasabad – Abbasbԥyli – Abbasqulular – Ab- baskԥnd – $EEDVOÕ– $EEDV[DQOÕ;ԥzԥr (etnonim) – Xԥzԥr (hidronim) – Xԥzԥr (kԥnd) – XԥzԥU GD÷ –XԥzԥU úԥ[VDGÕ –XԥzԥU\DQÕ UHJLRQ Yԥ s. Xüsusi DGODUÕQ \DUDQPDVÕ ]DPDQÕ GHULYDVL\D LOԥ \DQDúÕ \HQL OHNVLN YDKLGLQ IRUPDODúPDVÕapelyativlԥúPԥdԥn onimlԥúPԥyԥ NHoLGEDúYHULU Sözdüzԥltmԥ cԥrgԥlԥri hԥm onimlԥrdԥn, hԥm dԥ apelyativlԥrdԥn ibarԥt ola bilԥr: Türk – Türkiyԥ – türklԥr–türkcԥ; Azԥrbaycan – Azԥrbaycan dili – azԥUED\FDQOÕ –azԥrbaycanca – azԥUED\FDQoÕOÕT – antiazԥrbaycan vԥ s. Bԥzi hallarda bir apelyativdԥQ[VXVLDGODUÕQP[Wԥlif cԥrgԥlԥri yarana bilԥr: çinar – Çinarԥ úԥ[VDGÕ – Çinarlar (kԥnd) – dLQDUOÕ Nԥnd) – Çinartala (kԥnd). Be- lԥliklԥ dԥ, “substandart toponim vԥ antroponimlԥrin leksik fonunun assosiativ ԥlaqԥlԥri törԥmԥ vahiddԥ yeni derivatlara hԥyat verԥn özünԥmԥxsus prototiplԥr 7 kimi sözdüzԥldici modellԥrin kömԥyi ilԥ hԥyata keçirilir” (5, 37). 2QLPOԥULQ HQGRVHQWULN V|] \DUDGÕFÕOÕ÷Õ ELU TD\GD RODUDT KLSRNRULVWLN NLoLOWPԥ IRUPDODUÕQ \DUDQPDVÕQD JԥWLULE oÕ[DUÕU +LSRNRULVWLND GHGLNGԥ EW|Y úԥ[V DGODUÕQÕQ NLoLOWPԥ DQWURSRYDULDQWODUÕ EDúD GúOU ùԥ[V DGODUÕQGDQ W|UԥPԥOԥULQ– GHULYDWODUÕQ\DUDQPDVÕELUoR[GLOOԥULQDQWURSRQLPLNDVÕQGD[VXVL \HUWXWXU %XDGODUÕQ \DUDQPDVÕHPRVLRQDOOÕTODԥODTԥGDUGÕU.LoLOWPԥYԥԥ]iz- OԥPԥ PԥTVԥGLOԥ IRUPDODúDQ DGODU úԥ[V DGODUÕQÕQ L[WLVDU HGLOPLúIRQHWLNGԥ\L- úLNOL\ԥX÷UDPÕúPRUIRORMLԥODPԥWOԥUTԥEXOHWPLúIRUPDVÕGÕU0ԥVԥOԥQ6ԥOLPԥ– 6ԥOLúøEUDKLP– øELú(GYDUG– Eddi – Ted, Nikolay – .RO\DYԥV Ekspressiv- emosional onomaformaODU oR[ IԥUGL Yԥ VXE\HNWLYGLU EX GDúÕ\ÕFÕQÕQ Yԥ RQXQ ԥKDWԥVLQLQVRVLDOVWDWXVXWԥUԥIGDúODU DUDVÕQGDPQDVLEԥWOԥULQ[DUDNWHULYԥQLWT NRPPXQLNDVL\DVÕQÕQPԥ\\ԥQDNWÕQGDRQODUÕQNRQNUHWQVL\\ԥWVLWXDVL\DVÕLOԥ Pԥ\\ԥQOԥúLU 'LOGԥ V|] R\XQX LPNDQODUÕQGDQ LVWLIDGԥ RNND]LRQDO GHULYDVL\DQÕ úԥUW- OԥQGLULU%XSURVHVGLOVLVWHPLQLQLPSOLVLWPH[DQL]POԥULQLYԥLPNDQODUÕQÕDúNDUD oÕ[DUDQ \DUDGÕFÕ NRTQLWLY DNW NLPL L]DK ROXQD ELOԥU 2NND]LRQDO GHULYDVL\D SURVHVOԥULQGԥGQ\DKDTTÕQGD\HQLELOLNOԥU\DUDGÕOÕUJL]OLYԥSHULIHULNPԥQDODU DNWXDOODúÕU0ԥQDODUÕQLQQRYDWLYoDODUODUÕPԥOOLI\DUDGÕFÕúԥ[VL\\ԥWWԥUԥILQGԥQ YHULOLU )XQNVLRQDO SODQGD RNND]LRQDO GHULYDVL\D GLO GDúÕ\ÕFÕVÕQÕQ P[WԥOLI NRPPXQLNDWLYPԥTVԥGOԥULQLԥNVHWGLULUPYDILTSUHGPHWYԥPFԥUUԥGUHDOLOԥU üçQQRPLQDVL\DODUÕQ\DUDGÕOPDVÕIԥUGLQGQ\DQÕQGLOPԥQ]ԥUԥVLQԥVXE\HNWLY- HPRVLRQDO PQDVLEԥWLQLQ LIDGԥVL úԥ[VL\\ԥWLQ Gԥ\ԥUOԥU
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