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REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN On the rights of the manuscript ABSTRACT of the dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy THE IDEA-THEMATIC AND ARTISTIC-STYLISTIC FEATURES OF NEMATULLAH KISHVARI’S PERSIAN “DIVAN” Speciality: 5716.01 - Azerbaijan literature Field of science: Philology Applicant: Leyla Abbas Bayramova Baku – 2021 The work has been performed at the department of “Investigation and Presentation of Azerbaijan Literature of Ancient Times and Middle Ages” of the National Museum of Azerbaijan literature named after Nizami Ganjavi of ANAS. Scientific supervisor Academician, Doctor of Science in (consultant): Philology, Professor, Rafael Baba Huseynov Official opponents: Doctor of Science in Philology Ataemi Bala Baba Mirzayev Doctor of Science in Philology Lala Ikram Alizadeh Phd in Philology, Associate Professor Ramiz Asef Gasimov Dissertation council ED–1.05 of Supreme Attestation Commission under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan operating at the Institute of Literature named after Nizami Ganjavi, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. Chairman of the Dissertation Academician, Doctor of science in council: Philology, Professor _____________Isa Akbar Habibbayli Scientific secretary of the Dissertation council: PhD in Philology, Associate Professor ____________Ismikhan Mahammad Osmanli Chairman of the scientific seminar: Doctor of science in Philology, Professor ____________Alizade h Bayram Asgerli GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF WORK Relevance and study degree of the topic. The period covering the 15th-16th centuries is one of the important stages in the history of Azerbaijan literature. In this century, while we witness the growth of social-philosophical and religious-tasawwuf (Sufi, mystic) views in Azerbaijan, as well as the development of the literature in mother tongue, still the influence of Gazi Burhanaddin and Imadaddin Nasimi’s creative traditions of on the art of word. Before Muhammad Fuzuli, the genius poet, stepped on the arena of Azerbaijan poetry in the 16th century, artists like Hagigi, Badr Shirvani, Habibi, Khalili, Hamidi, Shah Gasim Anvar, Gulshani, Hidayat and Kishvari had been creating in the art scene. They had created rich word-pearls in mother tongue, also in Arabic and Persian language. In its turn, this necessitated to investigate their literary heritage. In the Period of the Soviet regime Hamid Arasli, Akram Jafar, Jahangir Gahramanov, Rustam Aliyev, Azada Rustamova, and little later Rafael Huseynov, Imamverdi Hamidov, Aida Gasimova, Saadat Shikhiyeva, Nasib Goyushov, Lalazar Alizadeh, and other researchers undersigned very important works in the direction of studying our spiritual heritage. After regaining liberty in 1991 a favourable condition was established in our Republic for comprehensive analysis of historical, cultural and literary heritage and some works have started to be done in the direction of researching hundreds and thousands of manuscripts, which had been kept behind the closed doors and were waiting for the researchers and for those, who will turn over the pages of those manuscripts and reveal the secrets they preserved. The numbers of research works on Medieval Period of Azerbaijan literature have increased. “The 17th Century Azerbaijan Lyrics in Mother Tongue” by Karimov Pasha Ali1, “The Poetics of the Azerbaijan Literature Written in Mother Tongue (the 13-14th centuries)” by Babayev Yagub 1 Karimov, P. A. The 17th Century Azerbaijani Lyrics Written in Mother Tongue: / Dissertation abstract of the Doctor of Science in Philology. / – Baku: 2012, – 47 p. 3 Maharram”2, “The World of Art and Sensitivity of Fuzuli” by Goyuşov Nasib Jumshud 3, “Philological Analysis of “Divan” of Mirza Muslum Gudsi’s” by Ahmadov Shamsi Panah4, “Allegory in Classic Works of Azerbaijan Literature (the 12-16th centuries)” by Alizada Lalazar Ikram5 and other defended research works continue the efforts taken in this direction, however there is still a need to carry out research on the manuscripts of the classic literature. There are a considerable amount of unattended manuscripts that increases the necessity of studies in this area. Although researches have increased on works written in Azerbaijani Turkish language these days, we may observe our heritage that written in Arabic and Persian languages, has been little kept in a shadow. The copies of the works of literature, history, culture and science that preserved in the manuscript and book funds of the World and Azerbaijan, should be found and informed about and should be involved in research. The equal opportunity for research should be provided and promoted, in spite of the language of those manuscripts. In addition, measures should be taken for the translation our literature into Azerbaijani, which had written in foreign languages, also for publishing and popularizing of them. In addition, it is relevant and necessary that the manuscripts, which have been studied and printed to date, should be reviewed from modern scientific-critical viewpoint and presented compatible to our national spirit. From this perspective, the work “Idea-Thematic and Artistic- Stylistic Features of Nematullah Kishvari’s Persian “Divan”” is specifically relevant in several ways: 2 Babayev, Y. M. The Poetics of the Azerbaijan Literature Written in Mother Tongue (the 13-14th centuries): / Dissertation abstract of the Doctor of Science in Philology./ – Baku, 2012, – 26p. 3 Goyushov, N. The World of Art and Sensitivity of Fuzuli: / Dissertation abstract of the Doctor of Science in Philology/ – Bakı, 2009, – 386p. 4 Ahmadov, Sh. P. Philological Analysis of the “Divan” of Mirza Muslum Gudsi: / Dissertation abstract of the PhD in Philology / – Bakı, – 2016, – 167 p. 5 Alizada, L.I. Allegory in Classic Works of Azerbaijan Literature (the 12-16th centuries): / Dissertation abstract of the Doctor of Science in Philology./ – Bakı, 2017, – 51 p. 4 In this research work, Nematullah Kishvari Dilmagani’s creative work in Persian language has been brought to investigation for the first time in the background of learning our literary heritage from the manuscripts. The research was carried out directly on two manuscript copies of the Persian “Divan”. The information about the tendencies and literary environment of poet’s epoch was given in the flow of analysis of the his works. The research covers the ambience of Azerbaijan, the Ottoman and the Chagatai literatures of the 15-16th centuries. The first information about Nematullah Kishvari was presented in “Tazkire-yi Sami”6 of Sam Mirza. The poet’s “Divan” in Azerbaijani Turkish language was involved to research by many scholars. In the modern history of literature, the first information about him was given in the book “The History of Azerbaijan Literature” by Ismayil Hikmat in 1928.7 Mahammadali Tarbiyat in “Daneshmandani – Azerbaijan” (the first information about the manuscript copy of the “Divan”, which includes Persian poems, also, was given in this work) 8, Hamid Arasli in his article “Kishvari as one of the Predecessors of Fuzuli” in 1946 9, Panahi Makulu in “In the Table of Literary Information” in 1960 10, and Jahangir Gahramanov in 1976 gave the description of the manuscript copy of the Kishvari’s Turkish “Divan” which is preserved in Baku.11 According to Mahammadali Huseyni, in 1977 information about this manuscript was given in the catalogue of manuscripts of the Library of صفوی، سام. م. تحفۀ سامی.– تهران: ارمغان.– ١٣١۴ص 6 7 Hikmat, I. The History of Azerbaijan Literature./I.Hikmat. I volume.l – Baku: Azərnəşr, – 1928, – p.286-290. تربیت م.ع.دانشمندان آذزبایجان.–تهران وزارت فرهنگ و اسﻻمی، سازمان و چاپ و انتشارات.- 8 1378 ، -655 ص 9 Araslı, H. Kishvari as one of the Predecessors of Fuzuli // – Baku: Analects, – 1946, II volume., – p.305-308 10 Makulu, P. The Table of Literary Information / P. Makulu. – Baku: Published by National Academy of Azerbaijan SSR , – 1962, – 574 p. 11 Gahramanov, J. About a Manuscript Divan of Kishvari // – Baku: In the Treasure of Manuscripts, 1976. – IV volume. – p.46-52. 5 Islamic Parliament of I.R. Iran- “Fehristi-nuskheya-ye farsi” that was republished in 2007.12The thesis “The Language of the “Divan” of Kishvari (Morphological Attributes)” had been defended in 1983, “Kishvari. Works” by Jahangir Gahramanov was published in 198413; the Doctorate disseration “Kishvari’s “Divan” (Analysis-Text-Index)”, by Jala Talan Demirchi, based on Bursa manuscript, was published in Ankara University, Turkey, in 1994 alongside with several articles of the author about Kishvari and his creative work,14 in 2014 Malak Suleymanova defended the dissertation of Doctor of Philosophy in Philology “Main Motives of Azerbaijan Poetry of the 15th Century (based on the creative works of Gulshani and Kishvari in mother tongue)”15 , the collection of poems, published in 1984 and was republished in 2004 again with a foreword written by Aliyar Safarli based on the article of Hamid Arasli16; “The language of Kishvari’s “Divan” (Morphological Attributes)” by Roza Eyvazova was published in 200517,“Turkish Divan” (Autograph Copy)” 18 was published in 2010 with the foreword of Mahammad Huseyni, the book named “Nimetullah Kishveri’s Persian “Divan”” 19 was published in 2016 by Umran Ay and based only on the copy in the The Library of Islamic Parliament of I.R. Iran, “Kishvari Dilmagani “Divan” in Persian” were published in 2017 in the Qom city with the forewords and editing by Dr. Mehrdad Chetrayi 12 Kishvəri. Turkish Divan. (Autographic Copy) / developed by Huseyni M., edited by Karimov P. – Baku: Nurlan, – 2010, – 104 p, p.5 13 Gahramanov, J. Kishvari. Works / J. Gahramanov. – Baku: Yazıçı, – 1984, – 164 p. 14 Şentürk, A.A. Eski türk edebiyatı tarihi / A.A. Şentürk, A.Kartal. – İstanbul: Dergahlar yayıları, – 2011, – 640 s, s.246 15 Suleymanova M. Main Motives Azerbaijan Poetry of the 15th Century (based on the creative works of Gulshani and Kishvari in mother tongue): / Dissertation of PhD in Philology./– Baku, 2014, – 31 p. 16 Gahramanov, J. Kishvari. Works / J. Gahramanov. – Baku: Şərq-Qərb, – 2004, – 175 p. 17 Eyvazova, R. The Language of the Kishvari’s “Divan”/ R.Eyvazova.– Baku: Elm, – 2005, – 370 p. 18 Kishvari.Turkish Divan .(Autographic copy) / by Huseyni M., edited by Karimov P.
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  • The Phenomenon of Alishernavoi and Representatives of Jadid Literature

    The Phenomenon of Alishernavoi and Representatives of Jadid Literature

    European Journal of Research www.journalofresearch.de ¹ 1/2019 [email protected] SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES Manuscript info: Received December 12, 2018., Accepted December 17, 2018., Published January 20, 2019. THE PHENOMENON OF ALISHERNAVOI AND REPRESENTATIVES OF JADID LITERATURE E. J. Nasrullaev senior Teacher at Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2521-3253-2019-1-8 Abstract: This article describes the infinite love of jadids for the Navoi genius, who regarded the works of A. Navoi as an example for them. Key words: jadid, national awakening, chigataygurungi, afrosiyob brochure, literature rules, tuyuq, ramalbahri. Recommended citation: E. J. Nasrullaev. THE PHENOMENON OF ALISHERNAVOI AND REPRESENTATIVES OF JADID LITERATURE. 1 European Journal of Research P. 68-73 (2019). At the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries, the development of press and publishing work created new opportunities for Uzbek criticism and literature. In particular, the awakening of the literary criticism occured - the study of the literary process in action, the writer's creativity, and the spiritual and aesthetic requirements of the time, the spiritual needs of the public, the discovery of novels in the development of literature, showing shortcomings started. KhojiMuin, MirmukhsinShermukhamedov, Bekhbudiy, AbdulkhamidChulpan, AbduraufFitrat,AshuraliZakhiri, VadudMakhmud's articles focus on the important social tasks facing the art of speech, and attempted to link the literature development of nation with the issue of upbringing new people who fights for nation, Motherland, and independence. The idea called "Literature lives - nation lives" in the article of Chulpan's "What is literature?" (1914) guided the national revival. At the beginning of the 20th century, the jadid educators aimed gathering, storing, studying and publishing the rich literature and cultural heritage of the Uzbek people.