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ABSTRACTS and PROGRAMME Universalist Approach, Opposes Eze’S Particularized Interpretation of African Philosophy

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ABSTRACTS and PROGRAMME Universalist Approach, Opposes Eze’S Particularized Interpretation of African Philosophy 1. Jacek Brzozowski (UKZN - [email protected]) What's Possible for Hybrid Persistence? Recently I've defended a hybrid view of persistence (whereby only simples endure while the objects they compose at instants of time are stage-related) on the grounds that it is able to neatly navigate a number of problem cases one or other of the traditional views of persistence face. Here I look at some of the modal implications of the hybrid view, and discuss to what extent the view's modal flexibility lends it further support. 2. Bernard Matolino (UKZN - [email protected]) PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF SOUTHERN AFRICA (PSSA) Universalism and African Philosophy ANNUAL PHILOSOPHY CONFERENCE In some quarter there exists a domineering view of philosophy as objective and universal in character. Any philosophical activity that fails to live up to the set standards is dismissed as retaining a non-epistemic/philosophical status. However, this view is not universal as it is 12-14 JANUARY 2015 opposed by a camp that insists that ‘place’ matters in any philosophical activity. The opposing camp condemns both the philosophical method and feigned superiority of the universalist approach. The latter camp has come to be associated with the growth and development of African philosophy, and this growth and development has been encouraged to challenge the dominance of the universalist approach. In this paper I seek to revisit a debate between Ward Jones and Emmanuel Eze on the nature of philosophy in Africa. Jones, in his advocacy for the ABSTRACTS and PROGRAMME universalist approach, opposes Eze’s particularized interpretation of African philosophy. I seek to offer some basic reasons that show Jones’ position as hardly persuasive. By so doing I hope to force a reckoning of what the nature of philosophy is for its practitioners who emerge from, and are informed by, diverse horizons. Hosted by 3. Elisa Galgut (University of Cape Town – [email protected]) Department of Journalism, Media and Philosophy Humans’ Mistreatment of Animals and the Holocaust: A Distasteful Comparison? Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University The abuse of animals in slaughterhouses, factory farms and research laboraties has been compared to the oppression and murder of the victims of the Nazi Holocaust. “To the animals, all men are Nazis”, says a character in Isaac Bashevis Singer’s novel Enemies, A Love Story. In 2003, PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) launched a campaign called “The Holocaust on Your Plate”, which explicitly compared, via photographs, the treatment of victims of the Nazi concentration camps with those in factory farms, and the Madison-based organisation, Alliance for Animals, compared the use of non-human primates Conference Organisers in experiments to those of Josef Mengele. This comparison has received much criticism: the Anti-Defamation League, which aims to “stop the defamation of the Jewish people”, complained that the PETA campaign was “outrageous, offensive and takes chutzpah to new Karen Du Plessis nights” by appealing to the “uniqueness of human life.” Caryn Gootkin, in response to a Andrea Hurst similar ad in the Mail and Guardian in Thought Leader, complained that “I’m a Jew, not a pig”, arguing that pigs - unlike humans “are born to be killed” and so, presumably, their deaths are not of the same moral equivalence as the deaths of humans. Others have argued that the comparison degrades the memory of the victims of the Nazi Holocaust, while others argue that the Holocaust - because of its uniqueness - cannot and should not be equated morally with other atrocities. In this paper, I’ll examine whether the comparison of the mistreatment of animals with the victims of the Nazi Holocaust is an appropriate one, or whether, on the ideological analysis of contexts of power and domination, especially in modern Western contrary, it violates principles of either ethics or decency. cultures. AchilleMbembe‘s work on the post-colonial subject provides a deeper, essential level of analysis, in the integration of an ethical-existential theory of postures which deals with the 4. Olga Yurkivska (UKZN – [email protected]) most fundamental characteristics of the human condition, of the individual‘s place in the Richard Rorty, “Blind Spots” and Fiction: Interspecies Solidarity in Martha world. Discourse on the cosmopolitan subject may also be deconstructed on a metaphorical Grimes’ Andi Oliver Series level, showing the particular thought-patterns of the writer in relation to his subject. Cognitive This paper is an attempt to bring together animal studies, a recently recognized field of theories allow the analyst access to the unique symbolic construction of narratives and research in which animals are studied in a variety of cross disciplinary ways, and narrative figurative concepts which form and shape the particular ideologies of the thinkers. These are ethics which explores the intersections between the domain of stories/storytelling and that of especially salient in forming a greater understanding of the conditions theorists place on moral values. The author hopes the resulting narrative animal ethics will emerge as a critical analysis and construction of power and ideologies. inquiry into the literary texts influencing our understanding of, moral attitudes to and relationship with nonhuman animals as literary and moral agents. Using the framework of 7. Heidi Matisonn (UKZN – [email protected]) narrative ethics in general and Rorty’s stand on solidarity in particular, the paper focuses on The Civil Union Act: Why we shouldn’t support it the literary portrayal of nonhuman animals in human-centred and human-dominated On 1 December 2006, South Africa became the fifth country in the world, and the first in environment in two Martha Grimes’ novels, Biting the Moon and Dakota. It aims to Africa, to legalise ‘marriage’ between same sex couples. In its judgement in the Minister of investigate the ways in which the narratives construct the interspecies relationships and Home Affairs v Fourie (2006), the Constitutional Court confirmed that the right to marry is an provide an insight into the nature of animals’ claims to moral considerability. The argument inalienable right that belongs to all who live in South Africa and that gay men and lesbians can reinforces Martha Grimes’ feeling that ‘fiction will get more people than non-fiction’, i.e., that only be affirmed as full and equal members of our society if this right is also fully extended to because of its subversive and emotive nature fiction is a prima facie path that allows readers to them. The court ordered that Parliament be given the opportunity to cure the circumvent their moral blind spots and expand their understanding of moral community and unconstitutionality of the existing law within a year of the judgement. Failure to comply moral considerability. would result in an automatic reading-in of the words ‘or spouse’ after the words ‘or husband’ in the Marriage Act which would achieve that purpose. In this paper I will briefly examine 5. Jane Anderson (University of Johannesburg – [email protected]) some of the arguments surrounding the issue of same sex marriage focusing specifically on the Psychodynamic Theory is not ‘scientific’, but it still trumps Behaviorism idea of marriage and all that it entails. In so doing I will argue that we should not support the Psychology had its origins in the logical positivism of the mid-20th century. Although there Civil Union Act: not because it goes too far, but because it does not go far enough. This is were few (if any) views shared by these positivist thinkers, “[w]hat held the group together was because it remains discriminatory and entrenches the all too familiar status of same sex couples a common concern for scientific methodology”. But is scientific methodology appropriate for as ‘separate but equal’. investigating psychology? The rise of the Behavior-Learning theory in the field of Personality Psychology was largely due to the fact that the dominant (Freudian) Psychodynamic theory 8. Melas&Salis (Sassari & Cagliari - [email protected] / [email protected]) was seen as ‘unscientific’. Popper’s criticism of psychodynamics as unscientific has been On the Nature of Coincidental Events influential, but in my opinion, it fails. However, even if some other, similar criticism succeeds, It is a common opinion that chance events could not be understood in causal terms. this would not threaten psychodynamics, since, in attempting to develop a ‘rigorous science of Conversely, according to a causal view of chance, intersections between independent causal behavior’, the behaviorists have lost sight of their true object of enquiry. The ‘objective’ or chains originate accidental events, called “coincidences”. Despite its importance, this notion of ‘scientific’ account of persons which behaviorists aspired to, and which is typical of chance is quite neglected in contemporary literature and it seems to eschew a precise neuroscience/-psychology, is no improvement upon the psychodynamic account they definition. The present study takes into proper consideration this causal conception of chance criticized: it is an account of something else. and tries to shed new light on it. More precisely, this work investigates the role of the epistemic aspects in our understanding what coincidences are. In fact, although the 6. Helen Cawood (University of the Free State - [email protected]) independence between the causal lines involved plays an important part in order to understand Discourse analysis: a systematic deconstruction of Cosmopolitan and Afropolitan coincidental events, that condition does not seem sufficient to give a complete definition of a citizenship and identity coincidence. The main target of the present work is to prove that the epistemic aspects of Contemporary theories of Cosmopolitanism often neglect the ideological structures of identity coincidences - such as the epistemic access, expectations, relevance and so on - are, together on the fundamental levels of beliefs, experiences, and the situation of the human condition.
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