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Bahder Djohan : Peran Dan Perjuangan Tokoh Minangkabau

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Bahder Djohan : Peran Dan Perjuangan Tokoh Minangkabau BAHDER DJOHAN : PERAN DAN PERJUANGAN TOKOH MINANGKABAU DALAM PERGERAKAN NASIONAL (1918- 1926) DESI NOVIYANTI 4415161049 Skripsi ini dibuat untuk memenuhi persyaratan dalam memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pendidikan (S.Pd) PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA 2021 ABSTRAK Desi Noviyanti. Bahder Djohan: Peran Dan Perjuangan Tokoh Minangkabau Dalam Pergerakan Nasional (1918-1926). Skripsi. Jakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan terkait perjuangan Bahder Djohan seorang tokoh pergerakan nasional yang memiliki jiwa Indonesia sejati. Bahder Djohan merupakan sosok yang menjunjung tinggi nilai nasionalisme, aktif mengikuti berbagai kegiatan pergerakan pemuda. Penulisan penelitian skripsi ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa Bahder Djohan aktif dalam kegiatan organisasi kepemudaan ketika masih sekolah. Ayahnya yang seorang Jaksa tidak terlepas dari pengamatannya ketika sang ayah menghadapi persoalan, yaitu menyelidiki kejahatan. Bahder Djohan pernah menjadi sekretaris pada pengurus Jong Sumateranen Bond cabang Padang, karena kerlibatnya Bahder Djohan dalam mendirikan organisasi tersebut bersama dengan Mohammad Hatta yang pada waktu itu juga diangat sebagai Bendahara. Sewaktu belajar di STOVIA, pernah diutus Pengurus Pusat JSB untuk menghadiri Kongres Pertama JSB di Padang. Bahder Djohan dipercaya kembali menjadi Sekretaris Pengurus Pusat JSB pada tahun 1920. Pada rapat pertama Kongres Pemuda Pertama, Bahder Djohan terpilih sebagai Wakil Ketua Kongres. Namun karena kesibukan studinya, maka Bahder Djohan digantikan oleh Sumarto sebagai Wakil Ketua Kongres. Pada rapat kedua Kongres Pemuda Pertama, Bahder Djohan menyampaikan pidatonya dengan judul: “Kedudukan Wanita dalam Masyarakat.”, ia menyatakan perlu adanya persamaan hak di antara kaum laki-laki dan wanita. Bahder Djohan juga mengatakan bahwa di tangan wanitalah terletak masa depan Indonesia. Kata Kunci : Bahder Djohan, Pergerakan Nasional, Jong Sumatranen Bond (JSB), Kongres Pemuda Pertama i ABSTRACT Desi Noviyanti. Bahder Djohan: The Role and Struggle of Minangkabau Leaders in the National Movement (1918-1926). Thesis. Jakarta: Historical Education Study Program, Faculty of Social Sciences, Jakarta State University. 2021. This research aims to provide knowledge regarding the struggle of Bahder Djohan, a national movement figure who has true Indonesian soul. Bahder Djohan is a figure that upholds the highest value of nationalism, actively following a variety of youth movements. This research writes by using the history method. From this research results can be discovered that Bahder Djohan's active in the youth organization activities when he was still in school. His father who is a prosecutor cannot be separated from his observatins when his father faces a problem, namely investigating crimes. Bahder Djohan was once a secretary to the Jong Sumateranen Bond branch, because his involvement in establishing the organization along with Mohammad Hatta who was also appointed as treasurer. During studying at STOVIA, he was sent by JSB center to attend the first Congressman in the field. Bahder Djohan was re-elected to be the Secretary of JSB Center again in 1920. At the first meeting of First Youth Congress, Bahder Djohan was elected Vice President of Congress. But, because of the busyness of his studies, then Bahder Djohan was replaced by Sumarto as the Vice President of Congress. At the second meeting of the First Youth Congress, Bahder Djohan delivered his speech: “Women's occupation”, he claimed there was a need for equality among men and women. Bahder Djohan also said that in the hands of women lies the future of Indonesia. Keywords: Bahder Djohan, National Movement, Jong Sumatranen Bond (JSB), First Youth Congress. ii MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN Jangan menjelaskan dirimu kepada siapa pun, karena yang menyukaimu tidak butuh itu, dan yang membencimu tidak percaya itu. -Ali bin Abi Thalib- Jika kamu tidak pernah mencoba, kamu tidak akan pernah tau hasilnya. Ambil langkah pertama untuk mencoba, maka kamu dapat melihat hasilnya sendiri. -Penulis- Skripsi ini saya persembahkan kepada ayah dan ibu tercinta, yang telah berdoa dan berjuang demi keberhasilan saya dalam berbagai hal dalam menggapai cita-cita untuk masa depan. v KATA PENGANTAR Alhamdulillahirabbil’aalamiin, segala puji dan syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan taufik, rahmat, dan hidayah-Nya, sehingga peniliti dapat menyusun dan menyelesaikan penelitian skripsi dengan judul “Bahder Djohan : Peran dan Perjuangan Tokoh Minangkabau Dalam Pegerakan Nasional (1918-1926)”. Penyusunan skripsi guna memenuhi persyaratan dalam memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Peneliti menyadari bahwa dalam penyusunan skripsi ini tidak lepas dari berbagai pihak yang selalu memberikan masukan, nasihat, saran, serta bantuan. Oleh karena itu, peneliti menyampaikan terima kasih kepada : 1. Bapak Prof. Dr. Sarkadi, M.Si, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial. 2. Bapak Humaidi, M.Hum, selaku Ketua Prodi Pendidikan Sejarah Universitas Negeri Jakarta, sekaligus Ketua Penguji dalam penelitian ini. 3. Bapak Dr. Djunaidi, M.Hum, selaku penguji ahli dan Bapak M. Hasmi Yanuardi, S.S., M.Hum, selaku sekretaris penguji dalam penelitian ini. 4. Bapak Dr. Abdul Syukur, M.Hum, selaku dosen pembimbing I dan Bapak Drs. M. Fakhruddin, M.Si, selaku dosen pembimbing II yang telah bersedia meluangkan waktu untuk memberikan arahan, saran, nasihat, dan motivasi dalam membimbing peneliti selama proses penyusunan skripsi. 5. Kepada Bapak dan Ibu dosen Program Pendidikan Sejarah yang telah memberikan bekal ilmu pengetahuan selama masa perkuliahan. vi 6. Orang tua peneliti, Bapak Udi dan Ibu Rismiati yang tulus mendoakan, mendidik, dan membesarkan peneliti dengan sabar dan penuh kasih sayang. 7. Adik peneliti satu-satunya, Dhea Amelia Apriliani yang telah banyak membantu peneliti selama proses penulisan dan juga support yang telah diberikan. 8. Sahabat seperjuangan peneliti; Farah Tinesia, Ninda Maulidia, Afifah, Reva, Alifa, Adis, Juana, Hani, Bayu, Anang, Putut, Fadhil, Imam, serta Dandi Rasuandar dan Lilis Kurniastuti yang telah membantu peneliti dalam mencari sumber dan menyusun skripsi dari awal penulisan hingga tahap akhir, 9. Teman-teman se-angkatan peneliti: Angkatan 2016. 10. Serta kepada semua pihak yang telah memberikan dukungan dan doa yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu persatu, teriman kasih dan semoga Allah membalas dan melimpahkan karunia-Nya, Aamiin. Jakarta, Agustus 2021 Desi Noviyanti vii DAFTAR ISI ABSTRAK................................................................................................................i LEMBAR PENGESAHAN....................................................................................iii LEMBAR PERNYATAAN....................................................................................iv MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN...........................................................................v KATA PENGANTAR...........................................................................................vi DAFTAR ISI.........................................................................................................viii DAFTAR SINGKATAN..........................................................................................x DAFTAR ISTILAH................................................................................................xi DAFTAR LAMPIRAN..........................................................................................xii BAB I PENDAHULUAN.........................................................................................1 A. Dasar Pemikiran...........................................................................................1 B. Pembatasan dan Perumusan Masalah...........................................................8 C. Tujuan dan Kegunaan Penelitian..................................................................9 D. Metode dan Sumber Penelitian.....................................................................9 E. Sistematika Penulisan.................................................................................12 BAB II MASYARAKAT MINANGKABAU DAN LAHIRNYA TOKOH PEMUDA PERGERAKAN NASIONAL 1850-1918............................................14 A. Alam dan Budaya Masyarakat Minangkabau.............................................14 B. Perkembangan Pendidikan di Minangkabau...............................................18 C. Kelompok Elite Baru dan Lahirnya Tokoh Nasionalis................................25 BAB III PERAN BAHDER DJOHAN DAN GERAKAN NASIONALISME DI MINANGKABAU 1918-1926...............................................................................33 A. Riwayat Hidup Bahder Djohan...................................................................33 B. Jong Sumatranen Bond...............................................................................41 a. Awal Bergabung Dalam Organisasi Pergerakan...................................41 b. Sejarah Berdirinya JSB.........................................................................43 c. Perjuangan dalam JSB..........................................................................49 C. Kiprah Bahder Djohan Dalam Kongres Pemuda Pertama 1926..................57 viii BAB IV KESIMPULAN........................................................................................69
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