Pembalasannja (1940): Suara Perempuan Langka
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Negotiating Polygamy in Indonesia
Negotiating Polygamy in Indonesia. Between Muslim Discourse and Women’s Lived Experiences Nina Nurmila Dra (Bandung, Indonesia), Grad.Dip.Arts (Murdoch University, Western Australia), MA (Murdoch University) Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy February 2007 Gender Studies - Faculty of Arts The University of Melbourne ABSTRACT Unlike most of the literature on polygamy, which mainly uses theological and normative approaches, this thesis is a work of social research which explores both Indonesian Muslim discourses on polygamy and women’s lived experiences in polygamous marriages in the post-Soeharto period (after 1998). The thesis discusses the interpretations of the Qur’anic verses which became the root of Muslim controversies over polygamy. Indonesian Muslim interpretations of polygamy can be divided into three groups based on Saeed’s categorisation of the Muslim approaches to the Qur’an (2006b: 3). First, the group he refers to as the ‘Textualists’ believe that polygamy is permitted in Islam, and regard it as a male right. Second, the group he refers to as ‘Semi-textualists’ believe that Islam discourages polygamy and prefers monogamy; therefore, polygamy can only be permitted under certain circumstances such as when a wife is barren, sick and unable to fulfil her duties, including ‘serving’ her husband’s needs. Third, the group he calls ‘Contextualists’ believe that Islam implicitly prohibits polygamy because just treatment of more than one woman, the main requirement for polygamy, is impossible to achieve. This thesis argues that since the early twentieth century it was widely admitted that polygamy had caused social problems involving neglect of wives and their children. -
Women's Newspapers As Minangkabau Feminist
GJAT | DECEMBER 2018 | VOL 8 ISSUE 2 | 75 ISSN : 2232-0474 | E-ISSN : 2232-0482 www.gjat.my WOMEN’S NEWSPAPERS AS MINANGKABAU FEMINIST MOVEMENT AGAINST MARGINALIZATION IN INDONESIA Silfia Hanani State Islamic Institute of Bukittinggi Bukit Tinggi, Indonesia Tel :006285273533207 Email :[email protected] Abstract The history of newspapers in West Sumatra began in 1882 with the birth of Pelita Kecil Minangkabau is one of the ethnic groups in led by Datuk Sutan Maharaja. This newspaper Indonesia who inhabits the western part of was later renamed Warta Berita. In 1890, Ja Sumatra Island. During the years of 1900-1942, Endra Muda published Perca Barat. In 1897, 209 types of newspapers were published by Cahaya Sumatera was published spearheaded this ethnic group with various themes and by Rajo Sampono (Safwan, et.1987: 60). This writing styles, eight of which were about development did not stop there, but increased women. Women’s newspapers were initiated significantly during the year 1900. by women. Substantially, the major themes of these newspapers were feminist movement Ahmad Adam (1212: 129-211) mentions that 209 against gender discrimination and inequality. newspapers were published from 1900-1942 in Hence, the publication of these newspapers this region, 6 published outside the Minangkabau became the medium for feminist movement region. Among the 209 newspapers, 16 Islamic in Minangkabau. This movement influenced newspapers were published between 1920 and contributed towards the emergence of the and 1929. In 1920, two Islamic newspapers political, social, educational, cultural, and were published, Al-Imam in Padang Japang economic movement for women. Through Payakumbuh and Al-Basyir in Sungayang, this movement, women gained access to those Batusangkar. -
Susan Blackburn and Sharon Bessell
M arriageable Ag e : Political Debates on Early Marriage in Twentieth- C entury Indonesia Susan Blackburn and Sharon Bessell The purpose of this article is to show how the age of marriage, especially for girls, became a political issue in twentieth century Indonesia, and to investigate the changing intensity, focus, and participation in the debate over the issue. Compared with India, the incidence of very early marriage among Indonesian girls appears never to have been exceptionally high, yet among those trying to "modernize" Indonesia the fact that parents married off their daughters at or before the onset of puberty was considered a "social evil." Social reformers differed as to the reasons for their concern and as to what action should be taken and by whom. In particular there were strong disagreements about whether government intervention was either desirable or effective in raising the age of marriage. The age at which it is appropriate for girls to marry has been a contentious matter in many countries in recent centuries. In societies where marriage was considered to be the prerogative of families, the children themselves were rarely consulted and the age of marriage, or at least of betrothal, was likely to be quite young, before children could exert their own will. Although physical readiness for sexual intercourse and child bearing was a consideration, this was a matter to be supervised by adult kin, and the wedding could, if necessary, be timed so that it occurred separately from the consummation of marriage. Apart from families, the only other institutions directly concerned with marriage were likely to be religious ones. -
Indonesian Authors in Geneeskundige Tijdschrift Voor Nederlands Indie As Constructors of Medical Science
Volume 16 Number 2 ISSN 2314-1234 (Print) Page October 2020 ISSN 2620-5882 (Online) 123—142 Indonesian Authors in Geneeskundige Tijdschrift voor Nederlands Indie as Constructors of Medical Science WAHYU SURI YANI Alumny History Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada Email: [email protected] or [email protected] Abstract Access to the publication Geneeskundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indië (GTNI), Keywords: a Dutch Indies medical journal, was limited to European doctors. Although Stovia Bahder Djohan; (School ter Opleiding van Inlandsche Artsen) was established to produce indigenous Constructor; (Bumiputra) doctors, its students and graduates were not given access to GTNI. In GTNI; response, educators at Stovia founded the Tijdschrift Voor Inlandsche Geneeskundigen Leimena; (TVIG) as a special journal for indigenous doctors. Due to limited funds, TVIG – Stovia; Pribumi the only scientific medical publication for indigenous doctors – ceased publication Doctors; TVIG in 1922. The physicians formed Vereeniging van Inlandsche Geneeskundigen (VIG) an association for pribumi (native) doctors to express various demands for equal rights, one of which was the right to access GTNI. The protests and demands of the bumiputra doctors resulted not only in being granted reading access rights but also being able to become writers for GTNI. Bumiputra doctors who contributed to GTNI included Bahder Djohan and Johannes Leimena. However, they were not the only authors who contributed to GTNI during the Dutch East Indies era. After Indonesia became independent, both doctors played major roles in laying the foundation for Indonesia’s health education system and implementing village-based health policies. This article is part of a research project on Indonesia’s health history using the archives of the GTNI, TVIG and books written by doctors who contributed to GTNI which were published from the early twentieth century onwards. -
Uniting in Humanity: the Role of Indonesian Red Cross, 1870-1960
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies), 4 (1), 74-83 © 2020 | E-ISSN: 2579-4213 Uniting in Humanity: The Role of Indonesian Red Cross, 1870-1960 Indra Fibiona1*, Siska Nurazizah Lestari2, Ahmad Muhajir3 1Preservation of Cultural Values Office, Ministry of Education and Culture, Special Region of Yogyakarta 2Department of History Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri 3Department of History Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara *Corresponding Author: [email protected] DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ihis.v4i1.8071 Abstract The Red Cross is an important organization engaged in the humanitarian field. Red Cross had a long history regarding its important contributions among national movement to the Indonesian Revolution period. The history of the Red Cross from Bataviaasch Comite to be the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) was very Received: complex, due to many dynamics and chronicles in it. There were lots of interesting June 8, 2020 problems to study on the Red Cross transition from the colonial government to the Republic of the Indonesia government. Based on the reason above, this research Revised: June 9, 2020 discusses the Red Cross transformation from the Bataviaasch Committee into the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI). The research was historical research by applying four Accepted: stages. Analysis results indicated that Red Cross's development from Bataviaasch June 10, 2020 Committee to PMI had many obstacles, both internal and external ones. Moreover, political constellation at that time also gave a great effect on Indonesian Red Cross development. However, these uncertain conditions have confirmed the Indonesian Red Cross establishing process. -
Nationalism and National Culture in Indonesian Art Music and Performances (1900-2018): Reflections from Postcolonial Perspectives
Nationalism and National Culture in Indonesian Art Music and Performances (1900-2018): Reflections from Postcolonial Perspectives Aniarani Andita 5837456 MA Thesis Musicology Utrecht University First Reader/Supervisor: Dr. Floris Schuiling Second Reader: Dr. Barbara Titus 2018 ABSTRACT Partha Chatterjee (1997) affirms that the attitude to modernity in formerly-colonized societies is always deeply ambiguous, because the modernity that the colonizers used as justification for colonialism also taught the colonized societies of its values. Indonesia is not an exception; having been colonized for centuries by a European nation, Indonesian nationalism arose from the desire for freedom from the colonizer. However, this nationalism, and the subsequent attempts for the creation of national culture has have always been replete with ambivalencies—with negotiations between the need to create a distinct national identity and the values of European cultures as imposed in the colonial time. This thesis looks at the discourses of nationalism, national culture, and national music in Indonesia since the beginning of the twentieth century to the present day, and examine its manifestations in the field of Indonesian art music and its performances by Indonesian symphony orchestras. I argue that these discourses and actions have always been embedded with a legacy of colonialism in the form of xenocentrism in its broad sense: the tendency among Indonesians to continue to concern about the Western others as they try to define their own identity and culture. Moreover, through case studies such as the compositions Varia Ibukota by Mochtar Embut and Suvenir dari Minangkabau by Arya Pugala Kitti, and the practices of contemporary symphony orchestras Gita Bahana Nusantara and Jakarta City Philharmonic, I employ postcolonial theories to view those works as reflections of the entanglement between colonial history and Indonesia-specific visions, as well as as endeavours to decolonize the knowledge of European classical music and performance form. -
The Impact of the West Sumatran Regional Recording Industry on Minangkabau Oral Literature
Wacana, Vol. 12 No. 1 (April 2010): 35—69 The impact of the West Sumatran regional recording industry on Minangkabau oral literature SURYADI Abstract Due to the emergence of what in Indonesian is called industri rekaman daerah ‘Indonesian regional recording industries’, which has developed significantly since the 1980s, many regional recording companies have been established in Indonesia. As a consequence, more and more aspects of Indonesian regional culture have appeared in commercial recordings. Nowadays commercial cassettes and Video Compact Discs (VCDs) of regional pop and oral literature genres from different ethnic groups are being produced and distributed in provincial and regency towns, even those situated far from the Indonesian capital of Jakarta. Considering the extensive mediation and commodification of ethnic cultures in Indonesia, this paper investigates the impact of the rise of a regional recording industry on Minangkabau oral literature in West Sumatra. Focussing on recordings of some Minangkabau traditional verbal art genres on commercial cassettes and VCDs by West Sumatran recording companies, this paper attempts to examine the way in which Minangkabau traditional verbal art performers have engaged with electronic communication, and how this shapes technological and commercial conditions for ethnic art and performance in one modernizing society in regional Indonesia. Keywords Oral literature, oral tradition, traditional verbal art, media technology, Minangkabau, West Sumatra, regional recording industries, cultural mediation, representation of traditional culture, commodification of cultural practices, cassette, VCD. SURYADI is a lecturer in Indonesian studies at Leiden Institute for Area Studies / School of Asian Studies, Leiden University, and a PhD candidate at Leiden University. His research interests are oral tradition, literary life, and media culture in Indonesia. -
Perjuangan Pemuda Sunda Masa Pergerakan Nasional (1919-1931)
HISTORIA: Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah, 4 (2). 2021. 159-172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/historia.v4i2.32045 Available online at HISTORIA; Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah website: https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/historia HISTORIA: Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah, 4 (2). 2021. 159-172 RESEARCH ARTICLE PERKUMPULAN SEKAR RUKUN: PERJUANGAN PEMUDA SUNDA MASA PERGERAKAN NASIONAL (1919-1931) Mohammad Refi Omar Ar Razy1 1Departemen Pendidikan Sejarah, FPIPS, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia [email protected] To cite this article: Ar Razy, M.R.O. (2021). Perkumpulan sekar rukun: perjuangan pemuda sunda masa pergerakan nasional (1919-1931). HISTORIA: Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah, 4 (2). 2021. 159-172, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/ historia.v4i2.32045. Naskah diterima : 9 Februari 2021, Naskah direvisi : 15 April 2021, Naskah disetujui : 20 April 2021 Abstract This study aims to analyze the work of the Sekar Rukun Association during the National Movement (1919-1931), which includes the formation, form of struggle, and the process of its fusion with the Young Indonesia organization. The research method used is the historical method which consists of heuristic, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography stages. This research shows that the Sekar Rukun Association was first formed by Sundanese figures who attended school in Batavia, such as Doni Ismail, Iki Adiwidjaja Djuwariah Hilman, Moh. Sapii, Mangkudiguna, Soetisna Sendjaja and Iwa Kusumasumantri before finally Dr. Husein Djajadiningrat was involved in the Sekar Rukun Association. Second, the form of struggle for the Sekar Rukun Association is by working with youth organizations similar to during the National Movement such as Jong Java, Jong Ambon, Jong Sumatranen Bond, Jong Islamieten Bond, Jong Celebes, Jong Bataks, and so on. -
HUMANIORA Page 81—91
Vol. 33, No. 1 (February 2021) HUMANIORA page 81—91 https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jurnal-humaniora https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.62578 Roehana Koeddoes’s Resistance to Dutch Colonialism in “Belenggu Emas” by Iksaka Banu1 Rahmi Rahmayati Faculty of Language and Art, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Despite being positioned as inferior by the colonial and patriarchal systems of the time, Indonesian women were involved in the resistance against Dutch colonization. Now recognized as national heroes, these women took part in the struggle by directly participating in fighting, or indirectly through social initiatives. Among them was Roehana Koeddoes, whose resistance is depicted in the short story, “Belenggu Emas”, by Iksaka Banu, wherein an indigenous woman from West Sumatra establishes a school dedicated to teaching women and a newspaper, Soenting Melajoe, published by and for women. This study aimed to represent Roehana Koeddoes’s resistance to Dutch colonialism in Banu’s story, using a qualitative method with a post-colonial theory approach. The results showed that Roehana Koeddoes’s resistance to Dutch colonialism was in the form of mimicry, hybridity, and ambivalence. The mimicry shown is the imitation of the colonial discourse regarding superiority of knowledge, education, ethics, and habits, as demonstrated by Roehana Koeddoes’ intellectual abilities in expressing her courage and opinion, through both her writings in the newspapers she owned and her activism as an educationalist and journalist, which inspired women across the Dutch East Indies, including Dutch women. Resistance in the form of hybridity occurs through spatial planning, which is indicated by the adoption of houses with European- style windows and the arrangement of living room corners that combine Eastern and Western cultures. -
Pandangan Majalah ”Isteri Soesila” Tentang Kemajuan Perempuan Bumiputra (1924-1926) Disusun Oleh : Siti Marjuni 0704040432
Pandangan Majalah ”Isteri Soesila” Tentang Kemajuan Perempuan Bumiputra (1924-1926) Disusun Oleh : Siti Marjuni 0704040432 Departemen Ilmu Sejarah Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Universitas Indonesia 2008 Pandangan majalah..., Siti Marjuni, FIB UI, 2008 Pandangan Majalah “Isteri Soesila” Tentang Kemajuan Perempuan Bumiputra (1924 – 1926) Skripsi ini diajukan untuk melengkapi persyaratan mencapai gelar Sarjana Humaniora Oleh : SITI MARJUNI NPM 0704040432 Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Universitas Indonesia 2008 Pandangan majalah..., Siti Marjuni, FIB UI, 2008 LEMBAR PENGESAHAN Skripsi ini telah diujikan pada hari Selasa, 22 Juli 2008 pukul 09.00 WIB. PANITIA UJIAN Ketua Pembimbing I/Panitera ( Dr. Suharto, S.S, M.Hum) ( Siswantari, S.S, M.Hum) Pembaca II/ Penguji Pembimbing II ( Dr. Magdalia Alfian, S.S, M.A) (Wardiningsih, S.S, M.A, Ph.D) Disahkan pada hari..……...tanggal…...............2008, Oleh : Kepala Program Studi Sejarah Dekan ( Dr. Muhammad Iskandar, S.S, M.Hum) ( Dr. Bambang Wibawarta) Pandangan majalah..., Siti Marjuni, FIB UI, 2008 Seluruh isi skripsi ini sepenuhnya menjadi tanggung jawab penulis. Depok , ……………2008 Penulis ( Siti Marjuni ) NPM 0704040432 Pandangan majalah..., Siti Marjuni, FIB UI, 2008 LEMBAR PENGESAHAN Skripsi ini telah disetujui oleh : Pembimbing I Pembimbing II ( Siswantari S.S, M.Hum) ( Wardiningsih S.S, M.A, Ph.D) Pandangan majalah..., Siti Marjuni, FIB UI, 2008 KATA PENGANTAR Dengan mengucapkan syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan Rahmat-Nya, maka penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul “Pandangan Majalah Isteri Soesila Tentang Kemajuan Perempuan Bumiputra (1924–1926)”. Penulisan skripsi ini dimaksudkan untuk melengkapkan persyaratan dalam mencapai gelar Sarjana Humaniora . Dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini, penulis menghadapi kesulitan mendapatkan data-data tentang biodata redaksi Isteri Soesila. -
Prof. Dr. Widjojo Nitisastro
Testimonials of Friends about Widjojo Nitisastro Law No.19 of 2002 regarding Copyrights Article 2: 1. Copyrights constitute exclusively rights for Author or Copyrights Holder to publish or copy the Creation, which emerge automatically after a creation is published without abridge restrictions according the law which prevails here. Penalties Article 72: 2. Anyone intentionally and without any entitlement referred to Article 2 paragraph (1) or Article 49 paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) is subject to imprisonment of no shorter than 1 month and/or a fine minimal Rp 1.000.000,00 (one million rupiah), or imprisonment of no longer than 7 years and/or a fine of no more than Rp 5.000.000.000,00 (five billion rupiah). 3. Anyone intentionally disseminating, displaying, distributing, or selling to the public a creation or a product resulted by a violation of the copyrights referred to under paragraph (1) is subject to imprisonment of no longer than 5 years and/or a fine of no more than Rp 500.000.000,00 (five hundred million rupiah). Testimonials of Friends about Widjojo Nitisastro Editors: Moh. Arsjad Anwar Aris Ananta Ari Kuncoro Kompas Book Publishing Jakarta, Januari 2008 Testimonials of Friends about Widjojo Nitisastro Publishing by Kompas Book Pusblishing, Jakarta, Januari 2008 PT Kompas Media Nusantara Jalan Palmerah Selatan 26-28, Jakarta 10270 e-mail: [email protected] KMN 70008004 Translated: Harry Bhaskara Editors: Moh. Arsjad Anwar, Aris Ananta, and Ari Kuncoro Copy editors: Gangsar Sambodo and Bagus Dharmawan Cover design by: Gangsar Sambodo and A.N. Rahmawanta Cover foto by: family document All rights reserved. -
Tracing the Origins of Rendang and Its Development Fadly Rahman
Rahman Journal of Ethnic Foods (2020) 7:28 Journal of Ethnic Foods https://doi.org/10.1186/s42779-020-00065-1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access Tracing the origins of rendang and its development Fadly Rahman Abstract One of the most Indonesian popular food is rendang. In recent years, the popularity of this food goes upward to foreign countries after CNN’s polling in 2011, and 2017 placed rendang at the first number of the most delicious food in the world. Along this time, rendang is often associated with the culture of Malay and Minangkabau. Nevertheless, this research tries to trace the historicity of rendang and also the possibility of foreign culinary influences which shapes this Minangkabau’s food heritage. By employing the historical method supported with the reading of various primary sources, this article traces the trail of rendang and resulted fact findings related to foreign culinary influences in West Sumatra and also its development in becoming an Indonesian national food. Keywords: Rendang, Origins, Malay, West Sumatra, Minangkabau Introduction based on 35,000 votes on social media, out of fifty deli- There are so many ethnic foods in the Indonesian culinary cious foods in the world, CNN Travel in the “World’s50 sphere. Of the many, rendang can be said to be an iconic Best Foods” poll, again put rendang in the first place as one in the collective tastes of the Indonesians and has the world’s most delicious food (Fig. 1)[1]. even become a part of the national identity, besides it also The rating as the most delicious food in the world itself being associated with the Minangkabau culture of West is more on representing the tastes of foreigners in assessing Sumatra.