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2. BUKU (Pemikiran Ekonomi Koperasi Mohammad Hatta).Pdf Pemikiran Ekonomi Koperasi Mohammad Hatta: Relevansinya dengan Etika Ekonomi Islam Sanksi pelanggaran Pasal 113 Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta (1) Setiap Orang yang dengan tanpa hak melakukan pelanggaran hak ekonomi sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 9 ayat (1) huruf i untuk Penggunaan Secara Komersial dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 1 (satu) tahun dan/atau pidana denda paling banyak Rp100.000.000 (seratus juta rupiah). (2) Setiap Orang yang dengan tanpa hak dan/atau tanpa izin Pencipta atau pemegang Hak Cipta melakukan pelanggaran hak ekonomi Pencipta sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 9 ayat (1) huruf c, huruf d, huruf f, dan/atau huruf h untuk Penggunaan Secara Komersial dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 3 (tiga) tahun dan/atau pidana denda paling banyak Rp500.000.000,00 (lima ratus juta rupiah). (3) Setiap Orang yang dengan tanpa hak dan/atau tanpa izin Pencipta atau pemegang Hak Cipta melakukan pelanggaran hak ekonomi Pencipta sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 9 ayat (1) huruf a, huruf b, huruf e, dan/atau huruf g untuk Penggunaan Secara Komersial dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 4 (empat) tahun dan/atau pidana denda paling banyak Rp1.000.000.000,00 (satu miliar rupiah). (4) Setiap Orang yang memenuhi unsur sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (3) yang dilakukan dalam bentuk pembajakan, dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 10 (sepuluh) tahun dan/atau pidana denda paling banyak Rp4.000.000.000,00 (empat miliar rupiah). Pemikiran Ekonomi Koperasi Mohammad Hatta: Relevansinya dengan Etika Ekonomi Islam Dr. Itang, M.Ag. Pemikiran Ekonomi Koperasi Mohammad Hatta: Relevansinya dengan Etika Ekonomi Islam Dr. Itang, M.Ag. All right reserved Hak Cipta dilindungi undang-undang Dilarang memperbanyak isi buku ini, baik sebagian maupun seluruhnya dalam bentuk apa pun tanpa izin tertulis dari penerbit Editor M. Nur Arifin Desain Sampul RGB Desain dan Cetak Tata Letak Erwin Aryanto Perpustakaan Nasional: Katalog dalam Terbitan (KDT) Itang Pemikiran Ekonomi Koperasi Mohammad Hatta: Relevansinya dengan Etika Ekomomi Islam /penyusun Itang--Jakarta: Perpustkakaan Nasional , 2016 x + 138 Halaman + Bibliografi: 14.5 cm x 20.5 cm Cet. I, Lemlit IAIN SMH Banten Cet. II, Laksita Indonesia 2016 ISBN : 978-602-73931-0-3 Penerbit Laksita Indonesia Kws. Kelapa Gading Blok AJ No. 23/24 Kota Serang Baru (KSB), Serang 42122 Phone: 081284504441 Email: [email protected] Website: www.penerbitlaksita.com Anggota IKAPI Kata Pengantar egala puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT., karena berkat rahmat, Staufik dan hidayah-Nya, akhirnya penulisan buku dengan judul Pemikiran Ekonomi Koperasi Mohammad Hatta: Relevansinya dengan Etika Ekonomi Islam ini dapat diselesaikan. Shalawat beserta salam penulis peruntukkan bagi Nabi Muhammad SAW., yang telah menuntun dan memberikan keteladanan kepada umat manusia tentang bagaimana cara menempuh dan mengarungi hidup dan kehidupan ini secara baik dan benar sesuai dengan yang dikehendaki oleh Allah SWT. Penyusunan buku ini didasari kajian terhadap kebutuhan referensi bagi para mahasiswa di Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam IAIN “Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin” Banten Jurusan Ekonomi Syariah, Perbankan Syariah dan Asuransi Syariah. Serta memberikan kontribusi wawasan dalam perkuliahan di berbagai perguruan tinggi lainnya, yaitu STAIN, IAIN, UIN, UNTIRTA, PTAIS, PTN dan PTS. Kami mengakui bahwa kami adalah manusia yang mempunyai keterbatasan dalam berbagai hal. Oleh karena itu tidak ada hal yang dapat diselesaikan dengan sangat sempurna. Begitu pula dengan karya tulis ini yang telah kami selesaikan. Tidak semua hal dapat kami deskripsikan dengan sempurna pula. Kami melakukannya semaksimal Pemikiran Ekonomi Koperasi Mohammad Hatta: Relevansinya dengan Etika Ekonomi Islam mungkin dengan kemampuan yang kami miliki. Di mana kami juga memiliki keterbatasan kemampuan. Semoga buku ini dapat menjadi khasanah keilmuan dan membawa manfaat bagi semua pihak. Penulis Itang i Daftar Isi Kata Pengantar ........................................................................... v Daftar Isi .................................................................................... vii BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................... 1 BAB II BIOGRAFI MOHAMMAD HATTA .......................... 5 A. Kelahiran dan Latar Belakang ...................................... 5 B. Pendidikan ................................................................... 9 Masa Studi di Bukittinggi dan Padang .......................... 10 Studi di Jakarta ............................................................. 12 Studi ke ke Negeri Belanda .......................................... 18 C. Karya-karyanya ............................................................. 31 BAB III KOPERASI DAN MASALAHNYA ............................ 37 A. Pengertian Koperasi ...................................................... 37 1. Menurut Dr. Winardi, SE. ..................................... 37 2. Menurut Prof. Dr. Syamsudin Mahmud ................ 37 3. Menurut Roelijan Soedarsono, dkk........................ 38 4. Menurut Dr. Fay (1908) ........................................ 38 5. Menurut Margono Djojohadijoesomo. .................. 38 6. Menurut Prof. Marvin A. Schaars. ......................... 38 ii Pemikiran Ekonomi Koperasi Mohammad Hatta: Relevansinya dengan Etika Ekonomi Islam 7. Menurut Paul Hubert Casselman. ......................... 39 8. Menurut Drs. Arifinal Chaniago. ........................... 39 9. Menurut Sugimun, MD. Dkk. .............................. 39 10. Menurut Sugimun, MD. ....................................... 39 11. Menurut Ir. Kalsan A. Tohir .................................. 39 13. Menurut Sri-Edi Swasono ...................................... 40 14. Menurut Undang-undang Nomor 25 tahun 1992 ..... 40 B. Sejarah perkembangan Gerakan Koperasi ..................... 44 1. Perkembangan Koperasi di Luar Negeri ................. 44 a. Gerakan Koperasi di Inggris ............................ 44 b. Gerakan Koperasi di Jerman .......................... 46 c. Gerakan Koperasi di Denmark........................ 48 d. Gerakan Koperasi di Swedia ............................ 49 e. Gerakan Koperasi di Amerika Serikat .............. 50 f. Gerakan Koperasi di Amerika Selatan, Afrika, Australia dan Selandia baru ............................. 52 g. Gerakan Koperasi di Uni Soviet ...................... 52 h. Gerakan Koperasi di Jepang ............................ 53 2. Perkembangan Koperasi di Indonesia .................... 54 a. Perkembangan Koperasi Periode 1896-1908 ... 55 b. Perkembangan Koperasi Periode 1908- 1927 .. 56 c. Perkembangan koperasi Periode 1927-1942 .... 57 d. Perkembangan Koperasi Periode 1942-1945 ... 57 e. Perkembangan Koperasi Periode 1945-1960 ... 58 f. Perkembangan Koperasi Periode 1960-1965 ... 58 g. Perkembangan Koperasi Periode 1966 sampai sekarang ............................................................ 59 C. Perbedaan Koperasi dengan Badan Usaha Non Koperasi 61 1. Aspek kelembagaan ................................................ 61 iii Daftar Isi a. Dilihat dari segi keanggotaan .......................... 61 b. Dilihat dari rapat anggota ............................... 62 c. Dilihat dari kepengurusan Direksi .................. 62 d. Dilihat dari Dewan Komisaris ......................... 62 e. Dilihat dari manajemennya............................. 63 f. Dilihat dari pendidikan ................................. 63 2. Aspek usaha ........................................................... 63 a. Tujuan ............................................................ 63 b. Modal ............................................................. 63 c. Badan Hukum ................................................ 64 3. Aspek Keuntungan ................................................ 64 BAB IV ETIKA EKONOMI ISLAM ....................................... 65 A. Paradigma Ekonomi Islam ........................................... 65 1. Al-Qur’an ............................................................. 65 2. As-Sunnah ............................................................ 67 3. Ijma’ ...................................................................... 68 4. Qiyas ..................................................................... 69 5. Ijtihad .................................................................... 70 B. Etika Ekonomi dalam Islam ......................................... 77 1. Kesatuan ............................................................... 78 2. Keseimbangan ...................................................... 81 3. Kehendak Bebas ................................................... 84 4. Tanggung Jawab ................................................... 86 BAB V EKONOMI KOPERASI MOHAMAD HATTA .......... 89 A. Fungsi, Peranan, Tujuan dan Prinsip Koperasi di Indonesia ................................................................. 89 1. Fungsi ................................................................... 89 ix Pemikiran Ekonomi Koperasi Mohammad Hatta: Relevansinya dengan Etika Ekonomi Islam 2. Peranan ................................................................. 90 3. Tujuan .................................................................. 90 4. Prinsip koperasi .................................................... 90 B. Macam-macam Koperasi ............................................. 91 1. Koperasi konsumsi ................................................ 91 2. Koperasi kredit ..................................................... 92
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