Code-Switching As a Means of Struggling Against the English Hegemony at Midlands State University
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The Development of the Liberation War Novel
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Unisa Institutional Repository INTERFACE OF HISTORY AND FICTION: THE ZIMBABWEAN LIBERATION WAR NOVEL By ITAI MUWATI UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA NOVEMBER 2009 INTERFACE OF HISTORY AND FICTION: THE ZIMBABWEAN LIBERATION WAR NOVEL By ITAI MUWATI submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subject of African Languages at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: PROF D E MUTASA JOINT SUPERVISOR: DR M L BOPAPE NOVEMBER 2009 DECLARATION Student number: 4310-995-0 I declare that Interface of History and Fiction: The Zimbabwean Liberation War Novel is my own work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. 30 September 2009 Signature Date i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I want to acknowledge first and foremost, the efforts of and the selflessness shown by my Promoter, Professor Davie E. Mutasa. His encouragement and belief in me made me walk what appeared to be an unwalkable doctoral research journey. I am also very thankful to my Co-Promoter, Doctor Malekutu L. Bopape, who, together with Professor Mutasa, convinced me that I was intellectually tall each time I felt I was short. These two men’s views and expert guidance helped significantly in shaping this thesis. My gratitude also goes to the Financial Aid Bureau (FAB) which offered me a bursary that enabled me to pursue doctoral studies with the University of South Africa. I am further thankful to Professor Zifikile Gambahaya, my mentor and colleague, who allowed me unfettered access to her library and other resources. -
Intergovernmental Conference on Language Policies in Africa
LANGUAGE POLICIES IN AFRICA INTERGOVERNMENTAL CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGE POLICIES IN AFRICA Harare, Zimbabwe 17-21 March 1997 FINAL REPORT (revised) by Herbert Chimhundu (Rapporteur General / University of Zimbabwe) Unesco Web version edited by Karsten Legère INTERGOVERNMENTAL CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGE POLICIES IN AFRICA Harare, Zimbabwe, 17-21 March 1998 FINAL REPORT by Herbert Chimhundu (Rapporteur General / University of Zimbabwe) ©UNESCO 2002 Preliminary remarks The material enclosed in this web version of the forthcoming publication “Language Policies in Africa” was originally compiled by Herbert Chimhundu after the Harare conference in March 1997. At that time, Prof. Chimhundu was commissioned by UNESCO to write a report on the meeting and to compile the speeches and other documents. The manuscript that he subsequently submitted to UNESCO was left unattended until Director Noriko Aikawa (Intangible Heritage Unit of UNESCO) approached me in a letter dated February 6, 2001, where she expressed UNESCO’s wish to have the manuscript published as soon as possible. She suggested that both a publisher and funds for subsidising the publication be found. The latter was a rather difficult issue, since a number of potential donors who were contacted while I was in Namibia were not able to support the publication. Finally, some Norwegian colleagues from Oslo University responded positively. They were prepared to fund publication of the document in Namibia within the framework of the trilateral cooperation between Universities of Oslo, Zimbabwe and Gothenburg. In the meantime, the manuscript returned by UNESCO was thoroughly checked to make sure that the version to be submitted to potential donors and publishers was in a proper shape. -
Using Indigenous Languages for Teaching and Learning in Zimbabwe Juliet Thondhlana
Using Indigenous Languages for Teaching and Learning in Zimbabwe Juliet Thondhlana The question of which language(s) to use for teaching and learning is a crucial one in bilingual and multilingual contexts. In former colonial countries, it is a question that has occupied the agendas of many governments since they attained independence. Some countries have made strides towards addressing it (e.g., Tanzania and Nigeria), although it continues to haunt others. As recently as 1997, African state representatives gathered in Harare, Zimbabwe for an inter- governmental conference on language policies in Africa hosted by UNESCO in order to discuss the question of language planning and policy in Africa. The meeting resulted in the Harare Declaration in which each country represented declared its commitment to the vision for Africa as expressed in the following statements: • A democratic Africa that seeks to enhance the active participation of all citizens in all institutions—social, economic, political, et cetera; • A democratic Africa where development is not construed in narrow economic goals but instead in terms of a culturally valued way of living together; and within a broader context of justice, fairness and equity for all; respect for linguistic rights as human rights, including those of minorities; • In broader terms, Africa that acknowledges its ethno-linguistic pluralism and accepts this as a normal way of life and as a rich resource for development and progress; • A democratic Africa that seeks to promote peaceful coexistence of people -
The Marginalisation of Tonga in the Education System in Zimbabwe
THE MARGINALISATION OF TONGA IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ZIMBABWE BY PATRICK NGANDINI UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA NOVEMBER 2016 THE MARGINALISATION OF TONGA IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ZIMBABWE BY PATRICK NGANDINI Submitted in accordance with the requirements of the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY In the subject AFRICAN LANGUAGES at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA PROMOTER: Professor D. E. Mutasa Co – Promoter: Professor M. L. Mojapelo November 2016 Declaration STUDENT NUMBER: 53259955 I, Patrick Ngandini, declare that THE MARGINALISATION OF TONGA IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ZIMBABWE is my own work and that the sources I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. November 2016 Signature Date (PATRICK NGANDINI) i Dedication To my lovely wife Jesca Benza Ngandini, and my four children, Wadzanai Ashley, Rutendo Trish, Masimba and Wedzerai Faith. This thesis is also dedicated to my late father Simon Tsvetai Ngandini and my late mother Emilly Chamwada Maposa Ngandini who were my pillars throughout the painful process of my education. ii List of tables Table 2:1 Continental number of languages .......................................................................... 21 Table 2:2 Linguistic profile of Botswana............................................................................... 35 Table 4:2 Sample of the population ..................................................................................... 108 Table 5:1 Clauses from the Secretary‘s Circular No. 3 of 2002 .......................................... -
Hiv and Aids Communication in Zimbabwe: the Role of Indigenous Languages
Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa (Volume 20, No.4, 2018) ISSN: 1520-5509 Clarion University of Pennsylvania, Clarion, Pennsylvania HIV AND AIDS COMMUNICATION IN ZIMBABWE: THE ROLE OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES. Clemenciana Mukenge University of Zimbabwe. ABSTRACT This study explores the role of indigenous languages of Zimbabwe in the production and implementation of HIV and AIDS information, education and communication (IEC) materials. It is premised on the assumption that indigenous languages are crucial elements of sustainable development, given their accessibility to the populace, enabling effective HIV prevention dialogue. The study establishes that chiShona and isiNdebele languages are indispensable modes of HIV and AIDS communication that embody local values and permit information access to the majority. Recommended is their sustainable use, as well as their elevation to source languages of IEC materials. Moreover, a written language policy in Zimbabwe is required in order to promote the functional role of indigenous languages, not only in health communication, but in all other areas of national development. Keywords: HIV and AIDS, Communication, IEC Materials, Indigenous Languages, Development, Zimbabwe. 65 INTRODUCTION This study explores the place of indigenous languages of Zimbabwe in the production and implementation of HIV and AIDS Information Education and Communication (IEC) materials, in a context where the pandemic is a major threat to the country’s public health system. Part of its thesis is that, local languages play a crucial role in facilitating HIV and AIDS prevention dialogue, indirectly enhancing health outcomes. In cognizance of this assumption, the study also perceives engagement in dialogue to solve social ills, a development phenomenon. -
Standardisation a Considerable Force Behind Language Death: a Case of Shona
Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.7, No.9, 2016 Standardisation a Considerable Force behind Language Death: A Case of Shona Isaac Mhute Faculty of Arts and Education, Department of Language and Media studies, Zimbabwe Open University, Masvingo Regional Campus Abstract The paper assesses the contribution of standardisation towards language death taking Clement Doke’s resolutions on the various Shona dialects as a case study. It is a qualitative analysis of views gathered from speakers of the language situated in various provinces of Zimbabwe, the country in which the language is spoken by around 75% of the population. It is argued that, under normal circumstances, standardisation should not result in people having to cede more than half of their way of speaking. The paper demonstrates how people speaking varieties that were initially treated as independent languages may be forced to speak in a prescribed way inspite of whether they really speak the same language or not which in turn leads to language shift and death. The language policy of the entire nation would result in the disappearance of motivation to continue with the old way of speaking which in turn leads to the death of that particular language or way of speaking. The paper recommends nations to understand the importance of multilingualism and labour for its preservation. Keywords: Standardisation, language death, Shona Introduction Language is a system of words or signs that people use to express thoughts and feelings to each other (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/language). -
AFRILEX 2006, the User Perspective in Lexicography, Programme
African Association for Lexicography AFRILEX 2006 The User Perspective in Lexicography Programme & Abstracts edited by Gilles-Maurice de Schryver 11th International Conference of the African Association for Lexicography AFRILEX 2006 The User Perspective in Lexicography Programme & Abstracts Date: 3-7 July 2006 Organisation: University of Venda for Science and Technology, Thohoyandou, Republic of South Africa Local Conference Organiser: Shumani L. Tshikota Abstract Reviewers: AFRILEX Board Programme Committee: AFRILEX Board edited by Gilles-Maurice de Schryver Copyright © 2006 by the African Association for Lexicography ISBN 0-620-36760-1 Pretoria: (SF)2 Press Cover: (1) Microsoft LIP (language interface pack) for isiZulu (2) TshwaneLex GUI (graphical user interface) for Cilubà A FEW WORDS FROM THE PRESIDENT Afrilex welcomes you to our 11th International Conference which also marks our 11th year of existence. We are proud to be a member of the international –lex family and to present you with this Conference Abstracts Booklet, once again meticulously compiled and edited by Gilles-Maurice de Schryver. I wish to thank you for attending the Conference and for your loyal support for our Association and lexicography in Africa. Afrilex greetings, Mariëtta Alberts 5 Table of Contents Programme 8 Pre-Conference Workshop 12 PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF SOUTH AFRICAN LEXICOGRAPHY 12 Panel Discussions 13 THEME 1: ELECTRONIC DICTIONARIES FOR AFRICAN LANGUAGES 13 THEME 2: PUBLISHERS AND LEXICOGRAPHERS 13 Keynote papers 14 Chimhundu, Herbert ■ Types, Uses and Users of Dictionaries: An African Perspective 14 Sobkowiak, Wlodzimierz ■ E-Dictionaries and Phonolexicographic Needs of EFL Users 15 Parallel and Special sessions 16 Alberts, Mariëtta ■ Standardisation, Modernisation and Harmonisation – Users’ Perspectives 16 Bailey, Dwayne ■ Creating a South African Keyboard 17 Beyer, Herman L. -
Some Morphosyntactic Features and Variety Status of Zimbabwean English: a Corpus-Based Study
Some morphosyntactic features and variety status of Zimbabwean English: A corpus-based study Thadeus Marungudzi Thesis submitted for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in English at the Vaal Triangle Campus of the North-West University Promoter: Prof. Bertus Van Rooy November 2016 DEDICATION To my mother Jerita Marungudzi nee Chikati i Acknowledgements Glory to God the Almighty for granting me good health and auspicious days during the course of the research culminating in this thesis. This thesis would not have seen the light of day without the dedicated and patient guidance and mentorship of my supervisor, Professor Bertus Van Rooy. Thank you for your always timeous, meaningful and enlightening comments at various stages of the writing of the thesis and for always being forthcoming when in various ways, I needed your assistance. I also want to thank all the individuals and organisations (not mentioned here for purposes of anonymity) who participated in the generation of spoken and written data for this thesis. Your contribution was invaluable. I would also want to thank Ms. Theresa Louw and Mrs Vongai Madzimure for their assistance with corpus transcription. To colleagues and friends in the department of English and Media Studies (GZU); Kizito Muchemwa, Golden Maunganidze, Pepukai Chiwewe, Amos Mushati and Tendai Mangena, thank you for your support and encouragement. To my ‘diasporan’ friends; Bob Marimbire, Pepukai Bengura and Mind Dhanere, thank you for believing in me and for cheering me on from across oceans and rivers. To members in the department of African Languages and Culture (GZU) including Godwin Makaudze, Khensani Madlome, Hellen Shoko and Faith Sibanda as well as Isaac Mhute (ZOU), thank you for the illuminating discussions on aspects of the thesis relating to Zimbabwean indigenous languages and for directing me to appropriate references. -
Language Policy
Language Policy BERNARD SPOLSKY published by the press syndicate of the university of cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom cambridge university press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge, CB2 2RU, UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011--4211, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alarcon´ 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org c Bernard Spolsky 2004 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2004 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typeface Swift 9.5/12 pt. and Futura System LATEX2ε [tb] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Spolsky, Bernard. Language policy / Bernard Spolsky. p. cm. -- (Key topics in sociolinguistics) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0 521 80461 2 (hardback) -- ISBN 0 521 01175 2 (paperback) 1. Language policy. 2. Language planning. I. Title. II. Series. P119.3.S666 2004 306.449 -- dc21 2003053295 ISBN 0 521 80461 2 hardback ISBN 0 521 01175 2 paperback The publisher has used its best endeavours to ensure that the URLs for external websites referred to in this book are correct and active at the time of going to press. However, the publisher has no responsibility for the websites and can make no guarantee that a site will remain live or that the content is or will remain appropriate. -
An Investigation of Strategies Used by Ndebele Translators in Zimbabwe in Translating Hiv/Aids Texts: a Corpus-Based Approach
AN INVESTIGATION OF STRATEGIES USED BY NDEBELE TRANSLATORS IN ZIMBABWE IN TRANSLATING HIV/AIDS TEXTS: A CORPUS-BASED APPROACH by KETIWE NDHLOVU submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subject African Languages (Translation Studies) in the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities at the UNIVERSITY OF FORT HARE PROMOTERS : PROF C.R. BOTHA : PROF A. KRUGER March 2012 Declaration I, Ketiwe Ndhlovu, student number 200604827 declare that this thesis, entitled: AN INVESTIGATION OF STRATEGIES USED BY NDEBELE TRANSLATORS IN ZIMBABWE IN TRANSLATING HIV/AIDS TEXTS: A CORPUS-BASED APPROACH is my own work and that all sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. ......................................... .............................................. K. Ndhlovu Date ii Acknowledgements To my promoters, Prof C.R. Botha and Prof Alet Kruger, for their invaluable guidance and support; Thank you very much for believing in me. To my brother, Mqondisi Ndhlovu and his family, for making this journey bearable. To my mother for her support, love and unwavering belief in my abilities. To my father and sisters for all the invaluable lessons I have learnt in life. To Scott for believing in me, and finally to my friends, Khanyile, Liqhwa, Esrina, Cynthia Formson and Patricia (Trish) for the laughter and great moments. iii Acronyms and abbreviations ST : Source Text TT : Target Text BT : Back Translation DTS : Descriptive Translation Studies -
Book Reviews
African Studies Quarterly | Volume 14, Issues 1 & 2 | November 2013 BOOK REVIEWS Akin Adesokan. 2011. Postcolonial Artists and Global Aesthetics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. xix, 230 pp. In Postcolonial Artists and Global Aesthetics, Akin Adesokan considers how the processes of globalization and decolonization have shaped the careers of six postcolonial “artist– intellectuals” (p. xii): C. L. R. James, Caryl Phillips, and Arundhati Roy, known primarily as writers; and Ousmane Sembene, Tunde Kelani, and Jean-Pierre Bekolo, known mostly for filmmaking. In the preface and introduction, Adesokan makes the case that analysis of art in any form must consider the “aesthetic typology” (p. xi) that constructs its genre but then press beyond to consider how genres are contoured by global forces. He suggests the West African marketplace as a model: the marketplace is a social space where people and ideas mingle, a crossroads where the trajectories of locals and outsiders intersect and drift apart, and a site where commerce thrives. Conceived broadly, the marketplace brings artists of all stripes into a worldwide conversation with other artists, with political actors, and with larger publics. Yet, these actors must also attend to economic considerations that color the motives of creators and patrons and to globalization’s uneven spread of wealth and technologies, which shape genre expectations and force artists to make do with disparate local realities. Each of the remaining chapters considers the work of one artist–intellectual, melding careful readings of key works into discussions of the postcolonial contexts that shaped them— and showing how each oeuvre critiques those conditions. In “Toward the Seventh: The Pan- African Congress—Past, Present and Future” (1984) and other works of writer/activist C. -
Kernerman Kdictionaries.Com/Kdn DICTIONARY News Adam Kilgarriff Prize, 2017
Number 25 ● July 2017 Kernerman kdictionaries.com/kdn DICTIONARY News Adam Kilgarriff Prize, 2017 The Adam Kilgarriff Prize was set up in 2016 Language, including an innovative corpus and a as a memorial to our multi-talented friend, who corpus-based dictionary. Dr. Rutkowski explains contributed so much to the fields of lexicography, his project's goals on the last page of this issue. corpus linguistics, and NLP. Along with the other He has accepted an invitation from the organizers Trustees, I’m delighted that the Prize has got off of eLex 2017 in Leiden to give one of the keynote to such a terrific start. Not only did we receive talks at the conference, where he will receive the eight excellent applications, but the projects they Prize in person from Adam’s spouse, Gill Lamden. were based on reflected interesting and original We congratulate all the applicants for their work across the whole spectrum of fields in which impressive submissions, and for making the first Adam himself was engaged. There were submissions in areas iteration of Adam’s prize such a success. Finally, I take this as diverse as corpus building, software tools for language opportunity to thank my fellow Trustees for the great care and research, named entity resources, translation systems, machine thoroughness which they devoted to the task of evaluating all learning, and dictionary-creation. the submissions. We are all confident that this year’s Adam With so many high-quality applications, selecting a winner Kilgarriff Prize has a worthy winner, and we look forward to was a challenging process for the six Trustees, involving inviting applications for the 2019 Prize in due course.