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Comparación De Los Modelos De Negocio De Las Tres Aerolíneas Estatales Chinas Air China, China Southern Airlines Y China Eastern Airlines

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Comparación De Los Modelos De Negocio De Las Tres Aerolíneas Estatales Chinas Air China, China Southern Airlines Y China Eastern Airlines 2015 Comparación de los modelos de negocio de las tres aerolíneas estatales chinas Air China, China Southern Airlines y China Eastern Airlines Mi Zhou Índice 1. INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................................................ 6 a) RESUMEN .................................................................................................................................. 6 b) OBJETO DEL TFC Y JUSTIFICACIÓN DE LAS ASIGNATURAS RELACIONADAS .............................. 7 c) OBJETIVOS ................................................................................................................................. 8 d) METODOLOGÍA ......................................................................................................................... 9 2. ANTECEDENTES: A CERCA DEL SECTOR DE TRANSPORTE AÉREO CIVIL CHINO .......................... 10 a) HISTORIA Y ORGANISMO REGULADOR ................................................................................... 10 b) ESTUDIO PESTEL ...................................................................................................................... 15 c) MODELO DE LAS CINCO FUERZAS DE PORTER ........................................................................ 21 3. DESARROLLO: COMPARATIVA DE LAS TRES AEROLÍNEAS ........................................................... 27 a) ORIGEN Y EVOLUCION ............................................................................................................. 28 i. AIR CHINA ............................................................................................................................ 28 ii. CHINA SOUTHERN AIRLINES ................................................................................................ 30 iii. CHINA EASTERN AIRLINES ................................................................................................... 33 b) LOS ACCIONISTAS Y STAKEHOLDERS........................................................................................ 34 c) RSC. VALOR, MISIÓN, OBJETIVOS ............................................................................................ 39 d) LA ESTRUCTURA DE GOBIERNO .............................................................................................. 44 e) PRODUCTO Y RECURSOS ......................................................................................................... 52 f) ANÁLISIS DE LOS DATOS OPERATIVOS ..................................................................................... 61 i. PASAJE ................................................................................................................................. 61 ii. CARGA ................................................................................................................................. 66 g) ANÁLISIS DE LAS CUENTAS ANUALES ...................................................................................... 68 i. BALANCE DE SITUACIÓN ..................................................................................................... 68 ii. GANANCIAS Y PÉRDIDAS ..................................................................................................... 70 h) ESTRATEGIAS DE INTERNACIONALIZACIÓN Y DIVERSIFICACIÓN ............................................. 82 4. CONCLUSIONES ........................................................................................................................... 85 BIBLIOGRAFÍA ...................................................................................................................................... 92 ANEXOS ............................................................................................................................................... 97 Página | 2 Índice de Tablas Tabla 1: Justificación de las asignaturas ................................................................................................ 7 Tabla 2: Justificación de las asignaturas (continuación) ........................................................................ 8 Tabla 3: Los tres aeropuertos con mayor presupuesto de ayudas del gobierno de china en 2015. CAAC ................................................................................................................................................... 13 Tabla 4: Ingresos por regiones del grupo Air China. Cuentas anuales 2013 ....................................... 29 Tabla 5: Los principales accionistas de Air China Company Limited. Cuentas anuales de Air China Co. Ltd. 2013 ............................................................................................................................................. 45 Tabla 6: Principales accionistas de China Southern Airlines Company Limited. Cuentas anuales de China Southern Airlines Co. Ltd. 2013 ................................................................................................ 47 Tabla 7: Principales accionistas de China Eastern Airlines Company Limited. Cuentas anuales de China Eastern Airlines Co. Ltd. 2013 ................................................................................................... 51 Tabla 8: Comparativa de la flota de aeronaves para transporte de pasajeros y carga entre Air China, China Southern Airlines y China Eastern Airlines. Cuentas anuales de las respectivas compañía en 2013 .................................................................................................................................................... 52 Tabla 9: Frecuencia semanal entre Beijing y Tapei de Air China a 01/04/15. Amadeus ..................... 55 Tabla 10: Frecuencia semanal entre Beijing y Macao de Air China a 01/04/15. Amadeus .............. 56 Tabla 11: Frecuencia semanal entre Beijing y Hong Kong de Air China a 01/04/15. Amadeus .......... 56 Tabla 12: Frecuencia semanal entre Guangzhou y Tapei de China Southern Airlines a 01/04/15. Amadeus ............................................................................................................................................. 57 Tabla 13: Frecuencia semanal entre Shanghai y Tapei de China Eastern Airlines a 01/04/15. Amadeus ............................................................................................................................................. 58 Tabla 14: Frecuencia semanal entre Shanghai y Macao de China Eastern Airlines a 01/04/15. Amadeus ............................................................................................................................................. 58 Tabla 15: Frecuencia semanal entre Shanghai y Hong Kong de China Eastern Airlines a 01/04/15. Amadeus ............................................................................................................................................. 59 Tabla 16: Comparativa de precios a Taipei desde Beijing, Guangzhou y Shanghai. Amadeus GDS .... 60 Tabla 17: RPK en 2013 de Air China, China Southern Airlines y China Eastern Airlines. Cuentas anuales 2013 de las respectivas compañías ....................................................................................... 61 Tabla 18: Pasajeros transportados en 2013 en miles. Cuentas anuales 2013 de las respectivas compañías ........................................................................................................................................... 62 Tabla 19: Ingresos por área geográfica en 2013 en miles de RMB. Cuentas anuales 2013 de las respectivas compañías ........................................................................................................................ 62 Tabla 20: Ratio de carga de pasajeros en 2013. Cuentas anuales 2013 de las respectivas compañías ............................................................................................................................................................ 64 Tabla 21: Beneficio por RPK en 2013. Cuentas anuales 2013 de las respectivas compañías .............. 65 Tabla 22: RFTK en 2013 de Air China, China Southern Airlines y China Eastern Airlines. Cuentas anuales 2013 de las respectivas compañías ....................................................................................... 66 Tabla 23: Toneladas de carga transportada en 2013. Cuentas anuales 2013 de las respectivas compañías ........................................................................................................................................... 66 Tabla 24: Beneficio por RFTK en 2013. Cuentas anuales 2013 de las respectivas compañías ............ 67 Tabla 25: Tasa de ocupación para carga en 2013. Cuentas anuales 2013 de las respectivas compañías Página | 3 ............................................................................................................................................................ 67 Tabla 26: Balance de situación de Air China, China Southern Airlines y China Eastern Airlines. Cuentas anuales de 2013 de las respectivas compañías..................................................................... 68 Tabla 27: Ingresos de China National Aviation Holding Company 2013 vs 2012. Cuentas anuales 2013 .................................................................................................................................................... 70 Tabla 28: Gastos operacionales de China National Aviation Holding Company. Cuentas anuales 2013 ............................................................................................................................................................ 72 Tabla 29: Gastos
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